Evaluation of the necessity for gastrectomy with lymph node dissection for patients with submucosal invasive gastric cancer

BACKGROUND: When cancer cells are found in the submucosal layer of an endoscopically resected specimen, patients are recommended to undergo gastrectomy with lymph node dissection. If it were possible to identify those patients in whom the risk of lymph node metastasis was negligible, it might be possible to avoid surgery. METHODS: Among those who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer from 1980 to 1999, 1091 patients with a cancer invading the submucosa were studied. Clinicopathological factors (sex, age, tumour location, macroscopic type, size, ulceration, histological type, lymphatic-vascular involvement and degree of submucosal penetration) were investigated for their possible association with lymph node metastasis. RESULTS: Lymph node metastases were found in 222 patients (20.3 per cent). Univariate analysis showed that larger tumour size (more than 30 mm), undifferentiated histological type, lymphatic-vascular involvement and massive submucosal penetration had a significant association with lymph node metastasis. Tumour size, histological type and lymphatic-vascular involvement were independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis. By combining these three factors with submucosal penetration of less than 500 microm, 117 patients could be selected as having a minimal risk of lymph node metastasis (95 per cent confidence interval 0-3.1 per cent). CONCLUSION: Lymphadenectomy may not be necessary for patients with gastric cancer invading the submucosa who fulfil the above conditions     

腹腔镜下胃癌根治术三例

目的初步探讨腹腔镜下胃癌根治术的适应证、手术方法和根治的可行性。方法对3例早、中期胃癌患者行腹腔镜下胃癌根治术的临床资料进行分析。结果3例患者均顺利完成腹腔镜下胃癌根治术,无中转开腹;平均手术时间240min,术中平均出血量177ml。术后排气时间平均60h,均于术后7d出院。术中及术后未出现并发症。随访3～10个月,患者饮食基本正常,B超、钡餐等影像检查及血液肿瘤标记物检测无异常。结论腹腔镜下胃癌根治性手术技术可行。应合理选择适应证。远期疗效有待进一步随诊观察。     

达芬奇人工智能手术系统辅助胃癌手术

目的 探讨达芬奇人工智能手术系统应用于胃癌手术的安全性和可行性.方法 总结2010年3、4月复旦大学附属中山医院普通外科完成的9例人工智能辅助胃癌手术的方法及临床效果.结果 9例患者行全胃切除5例,远端胃切除2例,近端胃切除1例,胃楔形切除1例.手术均顺利完成,无中转开放手术或普通腹腔镜手术者.手术时间150-440 min,出血量10～100 ml.D1清扫2例,清扫淋巴结数分别为19和24枚;D2清扫7例,清扫淋巴结数28-38枚.术后发生胃漏1例,保守治疗后痊愈：无其他并发症发生.结论 达芬奇人工智能手术系统辅助胃癌手术在临床上安全可行.     

Laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with regional lymph node dissection for gastric cancer

Background Recent advances in surgical techniques have led to widespread acceptance of laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer. We performed distal gastrectomy with regional lymph node dissection in 235 patients with gastric cancer located in the middle and lower third of the stomach. Methods In 171 cases, reconstruction was done using the Billroth I method intracorporeally and the aid of laparoscopic linear stapling devices. The Billroth II and Roux-en-Y methods were used in the remaining 56 and eight patients, respectively, Results Patients who underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy had a more rapid postoperative recovery than those treated via the open approach. Postoperative complications with this technique were within a permissible range. In terms of the survival curve, there was no statistical difference between the laparoscopic group diagonesed as clinical T2N0 (c T2N0) Preoperatively and the open group. Conclusion The laparoscopic technique is not only less invasive, but is also similarly safe and curative compared to open gastrectomy.     

Laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with regional lymph node dissection for gastric cancer

Recently, a minimally invasive operation for gastric malignancies has been advocated, and the laparoscopic operation is noted as a technique that increases the quality of life. We performed distal gastrectomy with regional lymph node dissection on 160 cases of gastric cancer located in the middle or lower third of the stomach. In 123 cases, Billroth I reconstruction was performed intracorporeally using the quadrilateral (square) stapling technique with a laparoscopic linear stapling device to prevent postoperative anastomotic bleeding and stenosis. In the remaining 37 cases, the Billroth II method was performed with a linear stapling device [1]. This technique is not only less invasive but also as safe as open gastrectomy, which was performed on 100 gastric cancer cases of similar staging.     

Laparoscopic gastrectomy with regional lymph node dissection for upper gastric cancer

BACKGROUND: The technique and results of laparoscopic gastrectomy in 110 patients with gastric cancer located in the upper third of the stomach are presented. METHODS: Proximal gastrectomy was performed for lesions in the upper third of the stomach, and total gastrectomy for those that spread over both the upper and middle third. D1 and D2 lymph node dissection was undertaken in patients with T1 or T2 lesions. Anastomosis of the oesophagus was performed intracorporeally using a conventional circular stapling device or a laparoscopic linear stapler. RESULTS: Median operating time was 247 min for proximal gastrectomy and 285 min for total gastrectomy; median blood loss was 207 and 334 ml respectively. A median of 23 lymph nodes was harvested from patients in the proximal gastrectomy group and 34 from those having a total gastrectomy. There was minimal morbidity and fast recovery after surgery. Postoperative recurrence occurred in only one patient, giving a recurrence rate of 0.9 per cent. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic gastrectomy for upper gastric cancer appears to be a safe and curative procedure.