Book Review

The Phagocytic cell in Host Resistance

Schering Symposium on Immunopathology

Microenvironmental Aspects of Immunity

Immunodeficiency in man and Animals

Immunologic Disorders in Infants and Children

Immunity and Cancer in man     

Case 3

Female, born 1947

Family history: uneventful

Personal history: at the age of 2, angina followed by proteinuria

At 5 years: trauma to the back followed by hematuria

Until 26 years, recurrent macrohematuria following upper respiratory tract infections and mild proteinuria

Laboratory findings:

At the age of 26 years, laboratory blood findings all normal

Inulin-105, PAH clearance 621 ml/min • 1.73 m² BP 105/75 mmHg

Urine: proteinuria 1 g/day; microhematuria, no casts

Clinical diagnosis: Glomerulonephritis     

BookReview

IMMUNOLOGY FOR SURGEONS, J.E. Castro, ed.

HOST DEFENSE AGAINST CANCER AND ITS POTENTIATION, Edited by D. Mizuno

RECEPTOR-SPECIFIC PROTEINS (Plant and Animal Lectins), E.R. Gold

THE MACROPHAGE IN NEOPLASIA, M.A. Fink, Editor

COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY, J.J. Marchalonis, Editor

THE NEUTROPHIL, P. Murphy

METHODS IN IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOCHEMISTRY V, C.A. Williams

TEXTBOOK OF IMMUNOPATHOLOGY, P.A. Miescher

CONTROL OF NEOPLASIA BY MODULATION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM, M.A. Chirigos     

Book Review

MECHANISMS OF DISEASE: A Textbook of Comparative General Pathology, D. O. Slauson, B. J. Cooper

PHAGOCYTIC CELLS, J. I. Gallin, A. S. Fauci, eds.

MICROBIAL PERTURBATION OF HOST DEFENCES, Francis 0'Grady, Harry Smith, Eds.

IMMUNOMODULATION BY BACTERIA AND THEIR PRODUCTS, H. Friedman, T.W. Klein, A. Szentivanyi, eds.

DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF UVEITIS AT ATLAS APPROACH, Editors: A.H. Friedman M. Luntz, W.L. Henley

BLOOD: GIFT OR MERCHANDISE, P.J. Hagen

IMMUNOGENETICS, M.B. Zaleski, S. Dubiski, E.G. Niles, R.K. Cunningham

COPING WITH THE BIOMEDICAL LITERATURE, K.S. Warren, Ed.

IMMUNOBIOLOGY OF THE EOSINOPHIL, T. Yoshida M. Torisu, Eds.

STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF Fc RECEPTORS, A. Froese, F. Paraskevas, Eds.

THE RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM, N. Cohen

THE RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM, N.R. Rose, B.V. Siegel, Eds.     

Book Reviews

Immunological Tolerance, (British Medical Bulletin, Volume 32, No. 2, May, 1976), D. W. Dresser, ed.

Immune Reactivity of Lymphocytes (Development, Expression and Control), M. Feldman, A. Globerson, ed.

Immunogenetics and Immunodeficiency, B. Benacerraf, ed.

Manual of Clinical Immunology, N.R. Rose, H. Friedman, eds.

Immunobiology of the Tumor-Host Relationship, R.T. Smith, M. Landy, eds.

The White Cell, M. L. Cline

Transfer Factor, Basic Properties and Clinical Applications, S. Asbher, A. Gotlieb, Ch. H. Kirkpatrick eds.

The Immune System of Secretions, T.B. Tomasi, Jr.

Surgical Immunology, A.M. Minister, ed.

Comparative Immunology, E.L. Cooper

The Immune System A Course on the Molecular and Cellular Basis of Immunity, M.J. Hobart, I. McConnell, eds.

Immunological Response of the Female Reproductive Tract, B. Cinader, A. de Week

Patch Testing, S. Fregert, H. J. Bandmann, eds.

The Role of Immunological Factors in Infectious, Allergic, and Autoimmune Processes, R. F. Beers, Jr., E. G. Bassett, Eds.     

Susceptibility genes in breast cancer: more is less?

PALB2, which encodes a BRCA2-interacting protein, is a breast cancer susceptibility gene
Rahman et al. (2007)
Nature Genetics 39: 165–167
A common coding variant in CASP8 is associated with breast cancer risk
Cox et al. (2007)
Nature Genetics 39: 352–358
A genome-wide association study identifies alleles in FGFR2 associated with risk of sporadic postmenopausal breast cancer
Hunter et al. (2007)
Nature Genetics 39: 870–874
Genome-wide association study identifies novel breast cancer susceptibility loci
Easton et al. (2007)
Nature 447: 1087–1093
Common variants on chromosomes 2q35 and 16q12 confer susceptibility to estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer
Stacey et al. (2007)
Nature Genetics 39: 865–869     

Finding bald spots on chromosome 20p11

A genome-wide association scan identifies new susceptibility variants for male pattern baldness on chromosome 20p11
Hillmer et al. (2008)
Nature Genetics 40: 1279–1281
Male-pattern baldness susceptibility locus at 20p11
Richards et al. (2008)
Nature Genetics 40: 1282–1284     

Book Review

GENERAL IMMUNOLOGY by E. L. Cooper

ANTIBODY AS A TOOL The Applications of Immunochemistry, J. J. Marchalonis, G. W. Warr, Eds., A. Johnstone

Both of the above-mentioned works provide a vast array of immunochemical techniques, for the non-immunologist or the beginning immunologist (on a graduate level).

CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY OF THE KIDNEY, J.B. Zabriskie H., Fillit H., Villareal Jr. E.L. Becker, Eds.

IMMUNE MECHANISMS IN RENAL DISEASES, N.B. Cummings, A.F., Michael

SERUM PROTEIN ABNORMALITIES (Diagnostic and Clinical Aspects), S.E. Ritzmann, J.C. Daniels, Eds.

IMMUNITY AND CONCOMMITANT IMMUNITY IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES P. Kallos, ed.

SEMINAR ON AUTIGEN-AMTIBODY REACTIONS REVISITED, C.A. Bell, Ed.     

Regulation of Murine T-Lymphocyte Function by Spleen Cell-Derived and Exogenous Serotonin

The modulatory effects of serotonin on T-cell activity were investigated. T-cell blastogenesis of normal spleen cells was slightly stimulated by the addition of low doses (1 and 10 ng/ml) of the inducer of serotonin release, fenfluramine. In contrast to the stimulatory effects of low doses of fenfluramine, high doses of fenfluramine (1 and 10 ug/ml) or of exogenously added serotonin (≥0.1 ug/ml) inhibited T-cell activation. Both the stimulation by low dose fenfluramine and the inhibition by high dose fenfluramine were accentuated by pretreating mice with tryptophan to heighten intracellular stores of serotonin and then inducing serotonin release. Pretreatment of mice with the serotonin inhibitor p-cholorphenylalanine (PCPA) abolished the fenfluramine inhibition of T-cell activation indicating that the fenfluramine inhibitory effect was mediated via endogenous spleen cell-derived serotonin. However, the PCPA treatment diminished T-cell activation. These results suggest that endogenous serotonin causes a biphasic dose-response effect on T-cell activity with serotonin being required for optimal T-cell function, low doses being immune stimulatory and higher doses being suppressive.

Con-A, concanavain A

5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine

LAK, lymphokine-activated killer

NK, natural killer

PCPA, p-cholorphenylalanine

PHA, phytohemagglutinin     

Book Review

Current Trends in Histocompatibility by R. A. Reisfeld, S. Ferrone

Bacterial Adherence by E.H. Beachey

Comprehensive Immunology

The Interferon System. Second Edition. by William E. Stewart II     

Book Review

CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF IMMUNOLOGIC TOLERANCE, T. Hraba, M. Hasek, Eds.

SEMINARS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASE VOLUME IV: BACTERIAL VACCINES, L. Weinstein, B.N. Fields, Editors

CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY (Selected Readings and Critical Commentar, V.L. Sato, M.L. Gefter, Eds.

DNA, CHROMATIN AND CHROMOSONES, E.M. Bradbury, N. Maclean, H.R. Matthews

CALCIUM AND cAMP AS SYNARCHIC MESSENGERS, H. Rasmussen

LEUKOCYTE FUNCTION, Editor: M. J. Cline     

Book Review

Comparative Immunobiology, M. J. Manning, R. J. Turner

Immunity In Evolution, J. J. Marchalonis, Carel J. van Oss

Microbiology, D, Schlessinger, Editor

THE LYMPHOCYTE Structure and Function—Parts I & II, J.J. Marchalonis, Ed., Marcel Dekker.

Basic And Clinical Immunology, H.H. Fudeuberg, D.P. Sites, J.L. Caldwell, J.V. Wells, Eds.

TUMOR VIRUS INFECTIONS AND IMMUNITY, R.L. Crowell, H. Friedman, J.E. Prier:hardbound

HISTOCOMPATIBILITY, George D. Snell, Jean Dausset     

Book Review

LYMPHOKINES 2, Edgar Pick, Ed.

LYMPHOCYTE CIRCULATION: EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL ASPECTS, By Maria de Sousa

COMPREHENSIVE IMMUNOLOGY, VOL. 7: IMMUNODERMATOLOGY, Edited By: Bijan Safai

THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE HUMAN IMMUNOGLOBULIN ALLOTYPES, A.G. Steinberg & C.E. Cook

INFECTIONS IN THE WMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST-PATHOGENESIS, PREVENTION, AND THERAPY, J. Verhoef, P.K. Peterson, F.G. Quil, Eds.

TUMOR CELL SURFACES AND MALIGNANCY, R.O. Hynes, C. F. Fox, Eds.

PROGRESS IN IMMUNOLOGY IV (“IMMUNOLOGY - 80”), M. Fougereau     

Mutations in sarcomeric protein genes not only lead to cardiomyopathy but also to congenital cardiovascular malformations

Noncompaction of the ventricular myocardium is associated with de novo mutation in the beta-myosin heavy chain gene
Budde et al. (2007)
PLoS ONE 2: e1362
Homozygosity for a novel splice site mutation in the cardiac myosin-binding protein C gene causes severe neonatal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Xin et al. (2007)
Am J Med Genet 143: 2662–2667
Alpha-cardiac actin mutations produce atrial septal defects
Matsson et al. (2008)
Hum Mol Genet 17: 256–265     

Ultrastructural Abnormalities in Respiratory Cilia and Sperm Tails in a Patient with Kartagener's Syndrome

Ultrastructural abnormalities of spermatozoa and respiratory cilia have been reported in a male patient with Kartagener's syndrome and infertility.

In this patient both respiratory cilia and sperm tails showed defects in radial spokes and dynein arms. Such defects are heretofore undescribed in the same subject with immotile cilia syndrome.

Absence of both inner and outer dynein arms and absence of the inner dynein arms only were detected in spermatozoa and in respiratory tract cilia, respectively. Moreover, total absence of axoneme was seen in several sperm tails from this patient.

The possibility that the features described are of genetic origin is discussed.     

Correlation Between Modification of Membrane Phospholipids and Some Biological Activity of Lymphocytes, Neutrophils and Macrophages

Our study considered the possibility of modifying the functional response of human neutrophils, of mouse lymphocytes and macrophages treated with phospholipids having different polar groups, different isomerisms with saturated and unsaturated fatty acids from C12 to C20 carbon atoms. the results are as follows.

a) Most of the phospholipids containing fatty acids from C12 to C20 cause inhibition of the blastogenic capacity of the polyclonal activators tested.

b) the phospholipids tested cause a decrease in adherence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes with the exception of the phosphatidyl-choline containing saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.

c) A decrease in polymorphonuclear leukocytes migrational capacity almost always occurs.

d) the cells treated with L-phosphatidyl-ethanolamine having fatty acids from C14 to C17 show an increase in chemiluminescence; those treated with phosphatidyl-choline and L-phosphatidyl-glycerol show a decrease of the chemiluminescence; L-phosphatidic acid and L-phosphatidyl-ethanolamine having Microbial fatty acids (FAs) at c16 cause a decrease in the formation of phagolisosomes in the macrophages tested.     

中国西藏地区蝇科五新种（双翅目：蝇总科）

报道采自中国西藏地区的蝇科Muscidae 5新种：锥肛阳蝇Helina conicocerca sp.nov.,春阳蝇Helinaeara sp.nov.,错那阳蝇Helina cuonaica sp.nov.（以上阳蝇属Helina R.-D.,1830）,亚东棘蝇Phaonia yadongica sp.nov.（棘蝇属Phaonia R.-D.,1830）,翱巨黑蝇Megophyra volitanta sp.nov.（巨黑蝇属Megophyra Emden,1965）。模式种标本保存于北京军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所医学昆虫标本馆。     

Book Reviews

IMMUNOLOGIC DISORDERS IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN, E.R. Stiehm, V.A. Fulginiti, Eds.

T AND B LYMPHOCYTES: ORIGINS, PROPERTIES AND ROLES IN IMMUNE RESPONSES, M.F. Greaves, J. J. T. Owen.

PROGRESS IN IMMUNOLOGY II, L. Brent, J. Holborow, eds.

IMMUNOLOGICAL TOLERANCE (Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Applications), D.H. Katz, B. Benacerraf, eds.

ESSENTIAL IMMUNOLOGY, by I.M. Roitt.     

Immunological Consequences of Zidovudine Treatment in Control and Morphine or Methadone Treated Mice

The effects of acute and chronic zidovudine (AZT) administration on immunologic test responses of mice were studied. The effects of AZT administration combined with morphine or methadone treatment, were also studied separately comparing the effects of each drug.

We noted that AZT-treatment did not modify the T-lymphocyte subsets (L₃T₄/LyT₂ rate), whereas morphine-treatment and AZT plus morphine treatment decreased the percentage of T helper cells.

Acute and chronic AZT-treatment increased Natural Killer cell (NK) activity and also recovered the decreased NK cell activity produced by morphine-treatment.

AZT-treatment, morphine-treatment, AZT plus morphine treatment and AZT plus methadone treatment strongly depressed the phagocytic physiological activity of Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs).

Another evidence of immunologic responsiveness against AZT was the reduction of the mitogenic and antigenic response of lymphocytes.

These results suggest a negative role of AZT-treatment especially on phagocytic activity and confirms a depressive effect of morphine-treatment on several immune functions studied. Furthermore, there is no indication of additive or synergistic toxic effects of AZT, morphine and methadone on the immune functions above that seen with each of these drugs when tested alone.     

Tannic Acid Binding of Cell Surfaces in Normal, Premalignant, and Malignant Squamous Epithelium of the Human Uterine Cervix

Alterations in tannic acid (TA) binding capacity of cell surface carbohydrates in normal, premalignant, and malignant squamous epithelium of the human uterine cervix have been studied using electron microscopic visualization in combination with microdensitometric evaluation.

While in normal epithelium there is distinct binding in four to five cell layers of the deep intermediate zone, cells of carcinoma in situ and invasive cancer lesions lack TA binding. In moderate dysplasia an intermediate reacting pattern is found.

Deep intermediate cells in areas bordering the carcinoma in situ lesions do not show any binding, although their ultrastructure cannot be distinguished from similar cells in normal tissue.

The TA deposition within the deep intermediate zone is probably related to the presence here of glycoprotein-containing membrane-coating granules.

The finding that TA binding discriminates between cells in normal squamous epithelium and morphologically normal cells in juxtaposition with lesional areas in premalignant and malignant epithelium opens the possibility for a more reliable cytologic diagnosis of cervical epithelial neoplasia.