22例原发性三叉神经痛病人行微血管减压术的术后并发症护理

[目的]总结原发性三叉神经痛病人行微血管减压术后并发症的观察及护理措施.[方法]回顾性分析22例原发性三叉神经痛病人行微血管减压术的临床资料.[结果]本组病人术后并发恶心、呕吐17例,眩晕10例,面部麻木20例,面瘫2例,吞咽障碍1例,口唇疱疹5例,高热2例,经积极对症处理均缓解或痊愈.[结论]加强原发性三叉神经痛病人行微血管减压术后并发症的观察及护理有利于预后.     

三叉神经痛合并高血压病人显微血管减压术治疗的护理

目的:探讨显微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛合并高血压病人的护理体会。方法:分析20例病人行显微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛合并高血压的护理,主要包括:加强围手术期护理,特别是疼痛正性教育、高血压的护理。术后严密观察生命体征;做好并发症的观察及预防,积极给予对症治疗及处理认为三叉神经痛合并高血压病人术后的病情观察及对症护理至关重要。结果:20例病人手术后均取得满意疗效,不仅疼痛显著缓解,而且高血压得以有效控制。结论:显微血管减压术及科学合理的护理措施对治疗三叉神经痛合并高血压具有良好的效果。     

微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛89例术后护理

目的:探讨微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛(ITN)的术后护理方法。方法:对89例原发性三叉神经痛患者行微血管减压术治疗,做好术后护理、健康教育及并发症护理。结果:本组患者术后疼痛消失78例,术后3个月内疼痛消失8例,术后疼痛减轻3例,无一例严重并发症发生。结论:微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛效果确切,良好的术后护理可减少并发症发生。     

半月神经节球囊压迫术治疗老年三叉神经痛的围术期护理

[目的]探讨半月神经节球囊压迫术治疗老年三叉神经痛的围术期护理方法。[方法]对82例三叉神经痛实施经皮穿刺半月神经节球囊压迫术的老年病人进行护理工作总结。[结果]所有病人均无严重手术并发症,除1例病人手术无效再次行微血管减压术外,其他病人术后2d均顺利出院,75例治愈,6例好转,1例无效。[结论]半月神经节球囊压迫术可以作为原发性三叉神经痛病人,尤其是老龄病人的首选治疗手段。医护密切配合,加强围术期护理并不断总结改进护理工作,有利于减轻病人痛苦,提高病人满意度,促进病人康复。     

三叉神经痛经乙状窦后入路微血管减压术的护理配合

[目的]探讨显微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛的手术配合。[方法]对20例三叉神经痛病人采用微血管减压术治疗,并对手术配合细节进行总结。[结果]20例显微血管减压手术均顺利完成。手术时间50 min±5 min,手术出血50 mL±6 mL。术中无明显不良反应,术后无并发症,临床症状明显改善。[结论]显微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛创伤小、安全性高,效果显著。护士熟练的操作技能,充分的术前准备,术中密切观察病情变化,以及手术护士和术者的密切配合是保证手术顺利进行的重要条件。     

显微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛66例围术期护理

目的:探讨三叉神经痛行显微血管减压术患者围术期的护理方法.方法:对66例三叉神经痛患者行显微血管减压术,术前加强心理护理、术前准备,术后严密观察、对症处理.结果:本组术后疼痛消失41例,症状缓解22例,3例复发.随访3～10个月,本组治疗效果优46例,良18例,无效2例.结论:加强三叉神经痛行显微血管减压术患者的围术期护理,可减少术后并发症的发生.     

内镜下微血管减压治疗三叉神经痛的术后护理

目的探讨神经内镜辅助下微血管减压术治疗的三叉神经痛病人的术后护理,总结出对此类病人的护理重点方向.方法对35例在神经内镜辅助下行三叉神经微血管减压术病人针对性地进行一般护理、饮食护理、病情观察及护理、常见并发症的观察和护理、健康教育.结果术后35例病人疼痛缓解率达100%.结论通过有重点的护理实践,不但提高了护理质量,而且在一定程度上提高了病人的治愈率.     

神经内镜下辅助微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛的手术配合

[目的]探讨在神经内镜辅助下进行微血管减压治疗原发性三叉神经痛的手术配合。[方法]对10例原发性三叉神经痛的病人在全身麻醉下通过显微镜以及神经内镜辅助下进行微血管减压,在显微镜下达不到的视觉死角,利用神经内镜近距离的观察病变区域,以提高微血管减压的疗效和减少术后并发症。[结果]病人三叉神经痛均有不同程度的改善,9例疼痛缓解非常明显,1例出现手术侧轻度面瘫,术后随访,逐渐恢复正常,术中无并发症发生。[结论]术前完整的影像学资料和充分的术前准备,显微镜、内镜等仪器设备的调试,对病人生命体征的严密监测,显微镜下及时准确地传递器械,是其手术配合成功的关键。     

内镜下微血管减压治疗三叉神经痛的术后护理

目的探讨神经内镜辅助下微血管减压术治疗的三叉神经痛病人的术后护理,总结出对此类病人的护理重点方向。方法对35例在神经内镜辅助下行三叉神经微血管减压术病人针对性地进行一般护理、饮食护理、病情观察及护理、常见并发症的观察和护理、健康教育。结果术后35例病人疼痛缓解率达100%。结论通过有重点的护理实践,不但提高了护理质量,而且在一定程度上提高了病人的治愈率。     

第一肝门区肝癌切除术患者胆道并发症的护理

三叉神经痛为神经性疼痛中最常见的疾患，多发生于中年以上病人，年发病率为1/100000。原发性三叉神经痛多用药物治疗，随着显微外科和三叉神经痛发病机制研究的进展，微血管减压术成为治疗该病的有效手段。2000年1月-2003年6月，我科采用耳后小切口小骨窗微血管减压术 神经梳理治疗62例三叉神经痛患者，效果满意，现将并发症的观察与护理体会报告如下。     

Studies on the operative outcomes and mechanisms of microvascular decompression in treating typical and atypical trigeminal neuralgia

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the operative outcomes and mechanisms of microvascular decompression in treating typical and atypical trigeminal neuralgia. METHODS: A group of 45 patients with typical trigeminal neuralgia and 17 patients with atypical trigeminal neuralgia treated by micro-vascular decompression from 2000 to 2002 were reviewed, including their clinical presentations, operative findings, and outcomes. RESULTS: Of 45 patients with typical trigeminal neuralgia, the mean duration was 3.1 years, and the mean age of pain onset was 60.3 years. Single trigeminal division was involved in 20 patients (44.4%), and 2 or 3 divisions were involved in the other 25 patients (55.6%). During the operation, artery compression was found in 39 patients (86.7%), and the combined artery and venous compression was found in 6 patients (13.3%). Postoperatively, complete pain relief was achieved in 44 patients (97.8%), and significant pain relief was achieved in 1 patient (2.2%). As for 17 patients with atypical trigeminal neuralgia, the mean duration and the mean age of pain onset was 8.7 years and 55.5 years, respectively. Two or 3 trigeminal divisions were involved in all of these patients. During operation, artery compression occurred in 10 patients (58.8%), and the combined artery and venous compression was found in 7 patients (41.2%). Postoperatively, complete pain relief was achieved in 5 patients (29.4%), and partial pain relief was achieved in 10 patients (58.8%), and 2 patients showed no response to microvascular decompression. CONCLUSIONS: The operative outcome of microvascular decompression in patients with typical trigeminal neuralgia was better than that of patients with atypical trigeminal neuralgia, which perhaps related to short duration, late onset of pain, limited distribution, artery compression, and complete operative decompression.     

微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛的疗效及其并发症的预防与处理

目的探讨微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛的疗效及其并发症的预防与处理策略。方法采用微血管减压术治疗93例三叉神经痛患者,对其临床疗效及术后并发症等临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 93例中89例术后疼痛症状消失,有效率为95.70%。术后并发症的发生情况：皮下积液4例,脑脊液漏1例,听力下降3例,耳鸣3例,面神经功能障碍4例,手术无效4例,死亡1例。结论微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛是一种十分成熟的技术,规范手术的各种操作和积极应用监测技术能够尽量避免各种并发症的发生,显著提高手术的安全性。     

显微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛

目的：探讨原发性三叉神经痛显微外科手术方法和效果。方法：应用三叉神经根显微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛36例,探讨手术技巧及效果。结果：三叉神经根显微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛创伤小,手术疗效满意。结论：三叉神经根显微血管减压术是治疗原发性三叉神经痛的较好手术方案。     

椎动脉复合体压迫类型三叉神经痛微血管减压术后近期疗效分析

目的:探讨椎动脉复合体压迫导致的三叉神经痛患者微血管减压术后的近期疗效。方法:椎动脉复合体压迫类型的三叉神经痛患者(复合体组,n=13例)采用微血管减压治疗。非椎动脉复合体压迫导致的三叉神经痛(非复合体组,n=25例)采用直接旷置小脑上动脉进行治疗。两组术后2月进行疗效比较。结果:复合体组术后2月治愈10例,好转2例,无效1例;而非复合体组治愈22例,好转3例,无效0例。椎动脉复合体压迫类型的三叉神经痛的近期疗效低于非椎动脉复合体压迫类型的三叉神经痛,两组对比有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:椎动脉复合体压迫类型的三叉神经痛近期疗效低,其特殊的压迫类型或许是疗效低的原因。     

A prospective cost-effectiveness study of trigeminal neuralgia surgery

OBJECTIVES: Approximately 8000 patients with trigeminal neuralgia undergo surgery each year in the United States at an estimated cost exceeding $100 million. We compared 3 commonly performed surgeries (microvascular decompression, glycerol rhizotomy, and stereotactic radiosurgery) to evaluate the relative cost-effectiveness of these operations for patients with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. METHODS: Prospective nonrandomized trial at a tertiary referral center from July 1999 to December 2001. One hundred twenty-six consecutive patients underwent 153 operations (microvascular decompression, n=33; glycerol rhizotomy, n=51; stereotactic radiosurgery, n=69). Preoperative characteristics were similar between the groups with respect to sex, pain location, duration of pain, and atypical features. Facial pain outcomes were classified as excellent (no pain, no medications), good (no pain, reduced medications), fair (>50% pain reduction), and poor. The cost per quality adjusted pain-free year was compared between the groups. Mean follow-up was 20.6 months. RESULTS: Patients having microvascular decompression more commonly achieved and maintained an excellent outcome (85% and 78% at 6 and 24 months) compared with glycerol rhizotomy (61% and 55%, P=0.01) and stereotactic radiosurgery (60% and 52%, P<0.01). No difference was detected between glycerol rhizotomy and stereotactic radiosurgery (P=0.61). The cost per quality adjusted pain-free year was $6,342, $8,174, and $8,269 for glycerol rhizotomy, microvascular decompression, and stereotactic radiosurgery, respectively. Reduction in the average cost of morbidity and additional surgeries to zero did not make either microvascular decompression or stereotactic radiosurgery more cost-effective than glycerol rhizotomy. Both microvascular decompression and stereotactic radiosurgery would be more cost-effective than glycerol rhizotomy if the cost of additional surgeries after glycerol rhizotomy increased 79% and 83%, respectively. DISCUSSION: This analysis supports the practice of percutaneous surgeries for older patients with medically unresponsive trigeminal neuralgia. At longer follow-up intervals, microvascular decompression is predicted to be the most cost-effective surgery and should be considered the preferred operation for patients if their risk for general anesthesia is acceptable. More data are needed to assess the role that radiosurgery should play in the management of patients with trigeminal neuralgia.     

Neurosurgical therapy of facial neuralgias

INTRODUCTION: Neuralgias of the face, especially trigeminal neuralgia and glossopharyngeal neuralgia are indications for surgical interventions after failed medical therapy. In contrast to other forms of headache or atypical facial pain, where surgical measures are considered to be contraindicated, percutaneous procedures or microvascular decompression are able to produce immediate and longstanding pain relief. Careful preoperative evaluation is essential to confirm the clinical diagnosis and to rule out other causes as multiple sclerosis or tumors afflicting the cranial nerves. The following study will summarize the common surgical techniques and their role considering a mechanism-based therapy as well as document long-term results of these measures. METHODS: Between 1977 and 1997 316 thermo-controlled radiofrequency trigeminal rhizotomies (TK) and 379 microvascular decompressions (MVD) were performed in our hospital to treat trigeminal neuralgia; additional 6 MVDs for glossopharyngeal neuralgia and one MVD of the intermediate facial nerve were carried out. Questionnaires were sent out to all patients still living in 1981, 1982, 1992 and 1998. For all other patients, interviews with relatives or the general practitioners were conducted. A retrospective analysis of postoperative pain relief was performed using Kaplan-Meier curves at the latest follow-up. Additionally 80 patients underwent careful quantitative sensory testing with Von-Frey-hairs. RESULTS: 225 patients who underwent microvascular decompression and 206 with radiofrequency trigeminal rhizotomies were further analyzed. There was a 50% risk for pain recurrence two years after radiofrequency rhizotomy. On the other hand 64% of patients who underwent microvascular decompression remained painfree 20 years postoperatively. Patients with microvascular decompression without sensory deficit were painfree significantly longer than patients with postoperative hypesthesia. DISCUSSION: Etiology and pathogenesis of facial neuralgias are far from understood despite several hypotheses. Based on current models there is no explanation for the immediate pain relief especially after microvascular decompression. Some authors even discuss surgical trauma as the only cause for postoperative pain relief.     

微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛及舌咽神经痛1150例报告

目的:探讨用微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛、舌咽神经痛等神经血管压迫综合症治疗方法的改进措施和提高治疗效果的临床经验。方法:系统回顾1984年6月至1999年12月我们采用微血管减压术治疗神经血管压迫综合症病例1150例,其中三叉神经痛1120例,舌咽神经痛30例。结果:有效1112例,有效率为96.7％,本组无死亡。并发症发生率由5年前5.6％下降到近5年的1.6％。结论:提高微血管减压术的治愈率和减少并发症,有多方面因素值得考虑。     

微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛疗效观察

目的：探讨微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛的适应症，手术方法，疗效，方法：枕下入路手术治疗三叉神经痛92例，其中77例发现有血管压迫，行微血管减压术，结果：77例中，68例术后疼痛立即消失，3例疼痛减轻，6例无效，40例随访68个月－5a，疼痛复发7例。结论：三叉神经微血管减压术有较肯定疗效，可保留三叉神经功能，但需开颅，有一定风险，有一定的复发率。     

采用显微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛

目的：总结近年采用显微血管减压手术治疗三叉神经痛的方法和结果，以期进一步提高手术治愈率。方法：回顾分析从1994年1月至2003年12月进行后颅窝手术探查的21例原发性三叉神经痛患者。19例行显微血管减压术。有1例术中采用脑室镜协助观察。结果：在头颅磁共振扫描上，有11例可见疼痛一侧的桥脑旁有异常血管影。术中发现三叉神经出脑干处有血管压迫者19例(动脉血管压迫16例，静脉血管压迫3例)。19例中，术后早期疼痛完全缓解17例。结论：显微血管减压术是治疗原发性三叉神经痛的安全和有效的方法。