两株登革2型病毒NS1基因真核重组质粒免疫BALB/c小鼠产生特异性抗体水平的比较

目的 利用登革2型病毒(dengue type 2 virus,DENV2)M株和NGC株NS1基因部分扇列PcDNA3.1重组质粒初次和加强免疫BALB/c小鼠,观察免疫小鼠体液免疫应答的差异.方法 分别构建两株DENV2 NS1基因部分序列(1-413 bp)的PcDNA3.1真核重组质粒和pET28a(+)质粒,进行原核蛋白的表达、鉴定、纯化和定量;并用pcDNA3.1重组质粒免疫BALB/c小鼠,初次免疫及第7天、14天分别加强免疫1次,共免疫3次.收集初次免疫后第7、14、28和56天外周血标本,间接ELISA法测定小鼠血清特异性IgM/IgG类抗体水平,细胞病变抑制法检测特异保护性抗体水平.结果 构建了pET28a(+)-NS1m/pET28a(+)-NS1n原核表达重组质粒,SDS-PAGE分析表明,NS1基因部分序列获得表达,其相对分子质量均约22.3×103;Western blot表明该目的 蛋白可与抗His标签单克隆抗体结合;经Ni柱亲和层析法得到纯度达92%的表达蛋白,对C6/36细胞有毒性,并可用于ELASA检测.不同DENV2毒株NS1基因部分序列的pcDNA3.1重组质粒初次和加强免疫BALB/c小鼠诱导特异性IgM、IgG类和中和抗体的产生存在差异,M株重组质粒加强免疫小鼠后特异性抗体效价水平较高并持续较长时间.结论 DENV2两毒株NS1基因部分序列重组质粒免疫小鼠后诱生的特异性抗体类别、水平存在差异.

Abstract：

Objective To compare the humoral immune response of BALB/c mice immunized by recombinant plasmids PeDNA3.1-M-NS1 and pcDNA3.1-N-NS1.Methods Dengue type 2 virus(DENV2)NS1 gene were constructed two partial sequences(1-413 bp)of the pcDNA3.1 eukaryotic plasmids and pET28a(+)plasmid for prokaryotic expression,identification,purification and quantification.The BALB/c mice were immunized by pcDNA3.1-M-NS1,pcDNA3.1-N-NS1 recombinant plasmids with adjuvant.Each animal received a primary inoculation and two boosts at 1-week intervals.Then the blood samples of BALB/c mice were collected from different experiment groups at day 7,14,28 and 56,respectively after first immunization.The specific IgM/IgG antibodies for NS1 protein in serum were confirmed by indirect ELISA.And then the activities of the specific protective antibody were determined by cytopathic effect inhibition(CPEI).Results Construction of the pET28a(+)-NS1 m/pET28a(+)-NS1n prokaryotic expression plasmid,SDS-PAGE analysis showed that,NS1 gene partial sequence was expressed,both the relative molecular weight of about 22.3×103:Western blot showed that the protein can bind anti-His tag monoclonal antibody;byNi affinity chromatographywith apurity of 92% protein,on the C6/36 cell toxicity,and can be used ELASA detection.The results showed that the levels of specific IgM/IgG antibody and neutralizing antibody activities were increased in pcDNA3.1-M-NS1 booster immunization group than other groups.The result had been observed longer duration of antibody level in peDNA3.1-M-NS1 booster immunization group.Conclusion Humoral immune response were significantly different between pcDNA3.1-M-NS1 and pcDNA3.1-N-NS1 recombinant plasmid immunized mice groups.     

狂犬病毒糖蛋白基因重组腺病毒与同一抗原核酸疫苗的联合免疫研究

目的 研究联合运用狂犬病毒糖蛋白基因重组腺病毒与同一抗原核酸疫苗对小鼠的免疫效果。方法 构建狂犬病毒糖蛋白（GP）的真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1/CVS-N2c GP作为核酸疫苗，瞬时转染COS－7细胞，间接免疫荧光试验检测pcDNA3.1/CVS-N2c GP的表达；以基因枪方法进行初次免疫接种和首次加强免疫，以表达同一抗原的复制缺陷型重组腺病毒通过鼻腔接种进行第二次加强免疫；ELISA试验检测血清狂犬病毒特异性IgG抗体，快速荧光灶抑制试验（RFFTT）检测狂犬病毒中和抗体。结果 间接免疫荧光试验表明pcDNA3.1/CVS-N2c GP能有效地表达GP于转染的细胞膜上，ELISA试验表明小鼠接受基因核核酸免疫后，仅诱导产生低水平的特异性抗体，而且重组腺病毒进行加强免疫后，特异性抗体水平显著提高。结论 联合运用狂犬病毒糖蛋白基因重组腺病毒与同种抗原核酸疫苗可克服它们单独使用时各自的缺点，能有效地诱导小鼠产生抗狂犬病毒特异免疫。     

Cpn0308真核表达载体的构建及对小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的:构建Cpn0308重组质粒pcDNA3.1/His A-Cpn0308,将重组质粒腹腔注射小鼠后观察小鼠免疫反应变化,以期为进一步研究Cpn0308免疫保护性奠定基础。方法:构建pcDNA3.1/His A-Cpn0308,并用菌落PCR、双酶切、序列测定等多种技术确定其正确性;将重组质粒转染HeLa细胞,间接免疫荧光法检测细胞内蛋白表达情况;重组质粒免疫BALB/c小鼠,一定时间后Western blot检测血清Cpn0308抗体特异性,间接ELISA法检测小鼠血清中Cpn0308 IgG抗体水平、ELISA试剂盒检测血清中细胞因子。结果:pcDNA3.1/His A-Cpn0308重组质粒构建成功且序列正确;重组质粒转染的HeLa细胞胞浆观察到黄绿色荧光,对照组无荧光;重组质粒组血清抗体A450x±s为0.343±0.024,pcDNA3.1/His A质粒组为0.174±0.018,PBS组为0.156±0.023,WB结果显示重组质粒组小鼠血清稀释800倍后仍有特异性目的条带出现,对照组不出现;重组质粒组小鼠IFN-γ浓度均值为264 ng/L,IL-4浓度均值为22 ng/L,pcDNA3.1/His A质粒组为:IFN-γ120 ng/L,IL-4 10 ng/L,PBS组为:IFN-γ99 ng/L,IL-4 9 ng/L。重组质粒组IgG抗体水平和细胞因子水平明显升高,与对照组相比有统计学差异。结论:pcDNA3.1/His A-Cpn0308真核表达重组质粒构建成功,且能够在真核细胞中表达目的蛋白;重组质粒对小鼠进行免疫后,提高了小鼠血清IgG抗体水平和细胞因子水平,为进一步研究Cpn DNA疫苗以及研究该蛋白的生物学功能提供实验基础。     

重组质粒pcDNA3.1IL-2/Fc对HBV preS2S DNA疫苗免疫作用的影响

目的 探讨IL-2/Fc融合表达后对HBVpreS2S基因疫苗诱导免疫反应的佐剂效应.方法 采用HBV preS2S DNA疫苗作为基础免疫,重组质粒pcDNA3.1IL-2/Fc作为佐剂加强免疫BALB/c小鼠,采用0、2、4周的方案接种,检测各次接种后抗体水平.初次免疫后7周,测定免疫脾细胞的杀伤活性、增殖活性和细胞因子的分泌水平.结果 pcDNA3.1IL-2/Fc作为佐剂在HBV preS2S注射3 d后免疫组小鼠抗体滴度、免疫脾细胞的杀伤活性和增殖活性、TH1型细胞因子的分泌水平,均比各对照组明显增强.结论 IL-2/Fc是有效的HBV preS2S DNA疫苗佐剂之一.     

粘膜佐剂LTB优化的抗淋病ltB-nspA融合基因疫苗鼻饲免疫效果研究

目的:用真核重组质粒pcDNA3.1(-)/ltB-nspA鼻饲免疫小鼠,探索粘膜佐剂LTB辅佐NspA所诱发的特异性体液免疫应答和细胞免疫应答水平。方法:对真核重组质粒行PCR及双酶切鉴定后大量制备,经鼻饲途径免疫雌性BALB/c小鼠,间接ELISA法检测血清中NspA特异性IgG抗体水平及小鼠生殖道灌洗液中NspA特异性sIgA抗体水平;MTT法检测脾淋巴细胞增殖水平,ELISA双抗体夹心法检测脾淋巴细胞培养上清IFN-γ含量。结果:融合基因pcDNA3.1(-)/ltB-nspA组小鼠生殖道灌洗液中sIgA(A450:0.316±0.045)明显高于pcDNA3.1(-)/nspA单基因组(P0.05)和其它对照组(P0.01);小鼠血清中IgG(A450:0.643±0.156)水平、脾淋巴细胞刺激指数(SI:1.65±0.32)和脾淋巴细胞诱生的IFN-γ(160.56±25.67pg/ml)水平均明显高于pcDNA3.1(-)/ltB、空质粒pcDNA3.1(-)和PBS对照组(P0.01)。结论:pcDNA3.1(-)/ltB-nspA融合基因疫苗经鼻饲免疫,能够诱导小鼠产生较强的特异性体液免疫应答和细胞免疫应答;粘膜佐剂LTB可辅佐NspA诱导小鼠产生更高水平的生殖道粘膜免疫。     

嗜肺军团菌免疫原蛋白核酸疫苗诱导的小鼠免疫应答及其保护力

目的:研究嗜肺军团菌免疫原蛋白核酸疫苗诱导的小鼠免疫原性以及对LP感染小鼠的保护能力。方法:用嗜肺军团菌免疫原蛋白基因真核表达重组质粒pcDNA3.1-ip作为DNA疫苗免疫BALB/c小鼠,检测免疫小鼠体内抗原特异性抗体水平、脾淋巴细胞增殖活性、IFNγ-产生水平和CTL特异杀伤活性等指标,以评价疫苗的免疫原性。真核表达重组质粒pcDNA3.1-ipDNA疫苗重复免疫BALB/c小鼠2次,末次免疫2周后,用10倍LD50剂量攻击小鼠,计数小鼠的存活数及小鼠肺中的细菌数,观察感染鼠的肺部病理变化。结果:pcDNA3.1-ip免疫小鼠后诱导产生了特异的体液免疫应答和细胞免疫应答,免疫组的免疫原性和免疫保护性均高于对照组pcDNA3.1( )组(P<0.01)。结论:免疫原蛋白基因可作为嗜肺军团菌核酸疫苗的侯选基因。     

布氏杆菌PBP39/pCDNATE重组表达质粒的构建及免疫效果的研究

目的构建pBp39/pCDNATE重组表达质粒,免疫BALB/c小鼠观察诱导的特异性体液免疫、细胞免疫及免疫保护效果.方法克隆PBP39基因,构建PBP39/pCDNATE重组表达质粒.首先转染Cos-7细胞,免疫组化检测其PBP39蛋白抗原的表达.然后用PBP39基因疫苗肌肉注射免疫BALB/c小鼠4次,观察特异性体液免疫和细胞免疫效果.进一步用1.25×104布氏杆菌544A强毒株腹腔攻毒,观察PBP39重组表达质粒的免疫保护效果.结果扩增的PBP39保护性抗原基因片段在牛、羊和猪布氏杆菌株中具有高度保守性,构建的PBP39/pCDNATE重组表达质粒在Cos-7细胞中有目的蛋白的表达.制备的PBP39重组表达质粒肌肉免疫BALB/c小鼠4次,ELISA检测PBP39重组表达质粒产生了较高水平的特异性IgG抗体,并随免疫次数增加抗体的滴度也递增,抗体亚型以IgG2a为主,表明诱导了TH1型的免疫应答.MTT测定PBP39重组表达质粒的淋巴细胞增殖能力与对照组差异有统计学意义.布氏杆菌A544强毒株攻毒后,动物存活及脾组织细菌数与对照组比较差异有统计学意义,说明PBP39重组表达质粒能够产生有效的保护效果.结论研制的PBP39重组表达质粒免疫BALB/c小鼠能产生高水平的特异性抗体和细胞免疫,且以细胞免疫为主,并产生有效的免疫保护效果,为布氏杆菌病新型疫苗的研究奠定了基础.     

登革2型病毒43株NS1基因重组质粒DNA的免疫原性及保护作用研究

目的 研究以pcDNA3.1为载体的登革2型病毒43株（D2－43）NS1基因重组DNA的免疫原性及对登革病毒感染所致小鼠神经毒的免疫保护作用。方法 将纯化的pcDNA-NS1重组质粒DNA采用肌肉多点注射途径免疫3周龄BALB／c小鼠，剂量为每只100μg/次，检测了免疫鼠血清抗体滴度及特异性细胞毒作用。并以D2－43病毒脑内攻击6周龄BALB/c小鼠产生的神经毒症状为实验模型，对pcDNA-NS1的免疫保护作用进行了初步探讨。结果 用间接ELISA测得pcDNA-NS1免疫后抗体滴度为1：800，在补体存在下，对D2－43病毒感染的BHK－21细胞特异性杀伤率可达到61．6％。由免疫的BALB／c小鼠脾制备的效应细胞在体外可特异性地杀伤D2－43感染的P－815细胞（H－2^d)。当效靶比（E／T）为20：1时，pcDNA-NS1质粒免疫后的特异性CTL杀伤百分率为22．6％。将100 LD50的D2－43病毒经脑内攻击BALB／c小鼠，结果表明免疫pcDNA-NS1组小鼠存活率最高（90．9％）；与免疫pcDNA3.1对照组比较，P值＜0．05。结论 pcDNA-NS1质粒免疫BALB／c小鼠不仅可诱导体液免疫，还可诱导特异性细胞免疫。初步结果还显示，用含NS1基因的重组质粒DNA免疫的小鼠能免受致死剂量登革病毒的攻击，为登革热新型疫苗的研究奠定了基础。     

HCV核心-包膜E2抗原融合基因DNA疫苗的构建及对小鼠的免疫应答试验

目的：观察一种结构新颖的HCV融合抗原DNA疫苗在BALB/c小鼠的免疫效果，探讨其用于防治丙型肝炎的可行性。方法：用重叠延伸PCR拼接编码小鼠IgG kappa链信号肽和通用型辅助性T细胞表位PADRE的DNA片段，PCR分别扩增HCV核心抗原基因和包膜E2抗原基因，将3段基因插入真核表达载体pcDNA3.1，构成重组表达质粒pST-CE2t，转染COS7细胞，免疫组化检测HCV抗原的表达。将pST-CE2t和HCV核心抗DNA疫苗pcDNA3.1core分别肌肉注射接种BALB/c小鼠，检测小鼠的血清抗体、T细胞增殖和CTL反应。结果：pST-CE2t可在COS7细胞内表达HCV核心抗原和E2抗原，接种于BALB/c小鼠能有效诱导体液和细胞免疫应答，其中抗HCV核心抗原免疫应答的强度明显超过pcDNA3.1core，且更趋向于TH1型免疫应答。结论：pST-CE2t对于丙型肝炎的防治有潜在的应用价值。     

不可分型流感嗜血杆菌P6 DNA疫苗与蛋白疫苗序贯免疫效应研究

观察不可分型流感嗜血杆菌P6DNA疫苗初免蛋白疫苗加强免疫方式的免疫效果。大量扩增pcDNA3-P6。将65只BALB/c小鼠随机分PBS对照组、pcDNA3.1对照组、pcDNA3.1-P6组、P6蛋白组、pcDNA3.1-P6/P6蛋白组,分别于0、14、28d免疫。质粒每次每只接种100μg,蛋白每次每只接种10μg。末次免疫后14d,每组取10只小鼠取血,ELISA检测血清中特异性IgG抗体滴度。每组取3只小鼠处死,制备脾淋巴细胞,ELISA检测IL-4和IFN-γ水平,CCK-8法检测脾淋巴细胞增殖指数。用15LD50NTHi攻击每组剩余10只小鼠,观察免疫保护作用。结果:pcDNA3.1-P6/P6蛋白组小鼠的脾淋巴增殖指数和IFN-γ水平明显高于质粒组和蛋白组(P0.05)。pcDNA3.1-P6/P6蛋白组小鼠IgG抗体滴度、IL-4水平和动物生存率明显高于质粒组(P0.05)但和蛋白组相比无明显差异(P0.05)。因此pcDNA3.1-P6初免P6蛋白加强免疫的方式可以提高疫苗的免疫效果。     

IL-23、IL-27对RSV重组蛋白疫苗免疫原性的影响

目的:以编码IL-23和IL-27的真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1-IL-23(以下简称IL-23)和pcDNA3.1-IL-27(以下简称IL-27)为佐剂,与呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)重组蛋白疫苗G1F/M2共免疫小鼠,观察IL-23和IL-27对疫苗的免疫原性的影响。方法:以IL-23、IL-27质粒和Al(OH)3为免疫佐剂,与G1F/M2共免疫BALB/c小鼠,末次免疫后10天杀死小鼠,用ELISA检测特异性IgG、IgG1和IgG2a水平;流式细胞术检测小鼠脾细胞CD4+、CD8+细胞的变化;用乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)释放法检测特异性小鼠脾细胞杀伤活性。结果:G1F/M2+Al(OH)3+IL-23和G1F/M2+Al(OH)3+IL-27可诱导高效价的IgG、IgG1、IgG2a抗体,且显著高于这三种佐剂单独使用诱导的抗体效价;流式细胞检测结果显示G1F/M2+IL-23和G1F/M2+Al(OH)3+IL-23刺激的CD4+T细胞和CD8+T细胞水平显著高于其他组;单独的IL-23或IL-27对G1F/M2诱导的脾细胞杀伤活性没有增强作用,而Al(OH)3+IL-23和Al(OH)3+IL-27佐剂组的杀伤率显著高于单独的IL-23、IL-27或Al(OH)3组。结论:这些结果表明:IL-23或IL-27质粒与传统铝盐佐剂Al(OH)3联合使用能显著增强RSV重组疫苗G1F/M2的免疫原性。     

T-bet佐剂对Ag85B抗结核DNA疫苗的免疫调节

目的:构建以Th1转录因子T-bet为基因佐剂的Ag85B新型DNA疫苗,并研究其免疫调控作用。方法:RT-PCR法扩增出Ag85B基因和T-bet基因,克隆入pcDNA3.1质粒构建T-bet和Ag85B真核表达质粒,脂质体法转染重组质粒至RAW264.7细胞系,Western blot法检测质粒蛋白表达情况。3次肌肉注射免疫BALB/c小鼠,末次免疫2周后,ELISA法检测血清中抗Ag85B抗体滴度。同时将脾脏淋巴细胞悬液于Ag85B刺激下培养,ELISA法检测培养液中细胞因子分泌情况。结果:质粒蛋白成功表达,并且质粒剂量与质粒蛋白表达水平呈正相关。此外,T-bet/Ag85B不仅诱导IgG2a滴度显著增高伴随IgG1显著降低,而且还刺激IL-2/IFN-γ(Th1类)分泌增加伴随IL-4/IL-10(Th2类)减少。结论:T-bet增强抗Ag85B特异性IgG2a抗体反应,并诱导显著的Th1细胞优势免疫。     

柯萨奇病毒B3 VP1蛋白、rAd/VP1和pcDNA3/VP1的免疫效果比较

目的 观察柯萨奇病毒B3(Coxsackievirus B3,CVB3)衣壳蛋白VP1、表达VP1蛋白的重组腺病毒rAd/VP1和重组质粒pcDNA3/VP1的免疫效果.方法 用原核细胞表达VP1蛋白并纯化、扩增重组腺病毒rAd/VP1,扩增并提取真核表达质粒pcDNA3/VP1.BALB/c小鼠随机分为4组,每组18只,分别在股四头肌注射VP1蛋白、rAd/VP1、pcDNA3/VP1和PBS.VP1蛋白组和pcDNA3/VP1组免疫3次,间隔3周;rAd/VP1组免疫2次,间隔2周.VP1蛋白、pcDNA3/VP1和rAd/VP1每次每只注射剂量分别为50μg、100μg和1.2×107PFU.用ELISA法和微量中和试验法检测各次免疫后血清CVB3特异性IgG抗体和中和抗体滴度;末次免疫后3周,CCK-8法检测脾脏淋巴细胞的CTL杀伤活性;用致死量CVB3攻击小鼠后,检测血中病毒滴度并观察动物的存活情况.结果 VP1蛋白组血清特异性IgG抗体和中和抗体滴度明显高于其他实验组(P＜0.05),而脾脏淋巴细胞CTL杀伤活性低于rAd/VP1组(P＜0.05);致死量病毒攻击后,VP1蛋白组血中病毒滴度低于pcDNA3/VP1和rAd/VP1组(P＜0.05),生存率明显高于这两组(P＜0.05).结论 VP1蛋白疫苗能诱导较高水平的体液免疫应答,对动物有明显的免疫保护作用,免疫效果优于质粒pcDNA3/VP1和重组腺病毒rAd/VP1.

Abstract：

Objective To compare the immune effects of Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) capsid protein VP1 expressed bacterially, recombinant adenovirus rAd/VP1 and recombinant plasmid pcDNA3/VP1which express VP1 protein in mice. Methods After expressed in prokaryotic cells, VP1 protein was purified. Recombinant adenovirus rAd/VP1 and recombinant plasmid pcDNA3/VP1 were amplified and extracted. Six to 8-week-old, male BALB/c mice were divided into four groups randomly. Each group contained 18 mice. The mice of pcDNA3/VP1 group or VP1 protein group were immunized intramuscularly with three injections at three weeks apart, of recombinant plasmid pcDNA3/VP1 at a dose of 100 μg/mouse or recombinant protein VP1 at a dose of 50 μg/mouse. The mice of rAd/VP1 group were immunized intramuscularly twice at two weeks interval with rAd/VP1 at a dose of 1.2 × 107 PFU. The control group was mock-immunized with 100 μl of PBS intramuscularly. Mice were bled from the retroorbital sinus plexus every two weeks after each immunization. ELISA and micro-neutralization test were used to detect levels of CVB3-specific IgG antibody and neutralizing antibody titers in the sera of immunized mice. Three weeks after the last immunization, the cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL) killing activity of spleen lymphocytes was detected with CCK-8 assay. Subsequently, virus titers in the sera of immunized mice were determined by the 50% cell culture infective dose( CCID50 ) assay on HeLa cell monolayers and percentage of animals surviving were observed after lethal CVB3 attack over a period of 21 days. Results The titers of specific IgG antibody and neutralizing antibody in sera of VP1 protein immunized mice were higher than other groups( P ＜0.05 ). While CTL killing activity of spleen lymphocytes of VP1 protein immunized mice was lower than mice in rAd/VP1 group( P ＜0. 05). Virus titers in sera of VP1 protein immunized mice were lower than the mice in pcDNA3/VP1 or rAd/VP1 groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ), while survival rate was significantly higher than these two groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion VP1 protein induced higher level of humoral immune response and acquired obvious immune protection effects in mice. The immunizing potency of VP1 protein vaccine surpassed plasmid pcDNA3/VP1or recombinant adenovirus rAd/VP1. It appeared to be a promising candidate among the three different vaccines.     

DNA priming E and NS1 constructs--homologous proteins boosting immunization strategy to improve immune response against dengue in mice

DNA priming-protein boosting is a strategy used to establish strong immunity to a specific pathogen by the use of two different antigens through sequential delivery systems. In this work, two recombinant plasmids were used, one encoding for the dengue virus E protein, which is know to induce neutralizing antibodies (pcDNA 3.1/E), and the other encoding for the Dengue virus nonstructural protein 1 (pcDNA 3.1/NS1), as a source of B- and T-cell epitopes possibly involved in protective immunity. We showed that immunization of BALB/c mice with three priming doses of both plasmids pcDNA 3.1/E and/or pcDNA 3.1/NS1 were able to induce antibody responses to E protein with a single plasmid; in contrast to the antibody response to NS1 protein we observed an additive effect in terms of antibody response. Moreover, using a prime-boost protocol in which both plasmid constructs were co-administrated followed by a boost of homologous GST-E and GST-NS1 recombinant proteins, we observed an increased antibody response to NS1 and to E protein compared to animals vaccinated with the proteins or with dengue constructs alone. If neutralizing antibodies play an important role in dengue infection, antibodies generated with this regimen was also significantly better than the administration of the mix of proteins alone. These results suggest that NS1 and E proteins together could be considered in a design of subunit recombinant vaccines.     

Comparative immunization in BALB/c mice with recombinant replication-defective adenovirus vector and DNA plasmid expressing a SARS-CoV nucleocapsid protein gene

In order to investigate immunogenicity in the induction of humoral and cellular immune responses, severe acute respiratory syndrome associated coronavirus （SARS-CoV）-N gene recombinant replication-defective adenoviral vector, rAd-N, was generated and immunized BALB/c mice in a pcDNA3.1-N prime-rAd-N boost regimen. After humoral and cellular immune response detection, different levels of SARS-CoV N protein specific antibodies and interferon-γ （IFN-γ） secretion are shown compared to controls. The humoral immune response was induced more effectively by the DNA priming and recombinant adenovirus boosting regimen. There is a significant difference between heterogeneous and homologous vaccinations. The heterogeneous combinations were all higher than those of the homologous combinations in the induction of anti-N antibody response. Among the three heterogeneous combinations, pcDNA3.1-N/pcDNA3.1-N/pcDNA3.1-N/rAd-N induced the strongest antibody response. In the induction of IFN-γ production, the homologous combination of rAd-N/rAd-N/rAd-N/rAd-N was significantly stronger than that of pcDNA3.1-N/pcDNA3.1-N/pcDNA3.1-N/pcDNA3.1-N, but was relatively weaker than the heterogeneous combination of pcDAN3.1-N/pcDAN3.1-N/pcDAN3.1-N/rAd-N. This combination was a most efficient immunization regimen in induction of SARS-CoV-N-specific （IFN-γ） secretion just as the antibody response. These results suggest that DNA immunization followed by recombinant adenovirns boosting could be used as a potential SARS-CoV vaccine.     

DNA mediated immunization with encoding the nucleoprotein gene of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus

The immune response to a naked plasmid DNA encoding the nucleoprotein (N protein) of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) was investigated in this study. A complementary DNA of the entire N gene was amplified by RT-PCR, and inserted into a mammalian expression vector (pcDNA3.1) to construct a recombinant plasmid (pcDNA/N). To evaluate the immunogenicity of the construct, BALB/c mice were intramuscularly immunized with different doses (50, 100 and 200 μg/mouse) of pcDNA/N twice at a 5-week interval. An optimal antibody response was achieved with 100 μg of pcDNA/N. The response lasted at least 11 weeks after primary immunization. By western blotting analysis, the antibodies specifically recognized a 47 kDa protein corresponding to the viral N protein, but they did not reveal neutralizing activity against infectious TGEV in vitro. Immunoglobulin G2a was predominant among these antibodies, which was indicative of Th1 type cell activation in pcDNA/N immunized mice. Moreover, spleen cells from these mice showed stronger immune responses than those from live vaccine or parental vector immunized mice. These results suggest that the construct can elicit both humoral and cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses against TGEV N protein in mice.     

C3d对原癌基因HER-2/neu基因免疫的调节作用

目的：研究C3d对HER-2／neu基因疫苗诱导的免疫应答的调节作用。方法：分别构建含人HER-2／neu胞外区（hECD）的重组质粒TR421．hECD和hECD与C3d的融合质粒TR421-hECD-C3d3、pcDNA3-hECD-C3d3。以质粒基因免疫小鼠，定期收集血清，以ELISA法检测抗HER-2／neu抗体，3H-TdR掺入法检测细胞免疫应答，观察C3d对hECD免疫应答的调节作用，并以C3d对HBV免疫应答的调节作为对照。结果：hECD-C3d3融合质粒诱导的抗HER-2／neu抗体水平显著低于hECD质粒诱导的抗体水平，其诱导的淋巴细胞增殖反应也显著低于hECD质粒免疫组，但C3d能增强HBV基因免疫诱导的免疫应答。结论：C3d负调控HER-2／neu基因免疫诱导的免疫应答。     

SARS冠状病毒S基因重组DNA诱导的体液免疫反应

目的 以严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）密码子优化的S、S1和S2基因分别构建其真核表达质粒，免疫BALB／c小鼠，以初步评价其诱导特异性体液免疫的效果。方法将人工合成密码子优化的S、S1和S2基因克隆入pcDNA4／HisMax-TOPO表达载体，重组质粒转染293T细胞，Western blot和免疫组化检测其真核表达，重组质粒免疫BALB／c小鼠，酶联免疫（ELISA）检测抗S蛋白抗体，伪病毒中和试验、细胞融合抑制试验检测中和抗体。结果3种重组质粒均可在真核细胞中获得表达，免疫小鼠后可诱导针对S蛋白的特异性抗体，抗体在12周观察期内呈持续上升趋势；其中，仅S和S1蛋白重组质粒能够诱导中和抗体的产生，以S蛋白的效价为高。结论密码子优化S和S1蛋白重组质粒可以有效诱导BALB／c小鼠产生中和抗体，其抗体可能具有阻断SARS-CoV侵袭易感细胞的能力。该结果为进一步研究SARS-CoV DNA疫苗提供了参考依据。     

假结核耶尔森菌侵染素蛋白作为DNA疫苗佐剂的免疫效果

目的探讨假结核耶尔森菌侵染素(invasin)羧基端397个氨基酸(Inv397)对抗原免疫原性的影响,以评价其作为DNA疫苗佐剂的效果。方法利用PCR扩增Inv397编码基因(inv397),分别构建编码猪丹毒丝菌表面抗原氨基端蛋白(spaA-N)和Inv397蛋白的重组真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1-spaA-N,pcDNA3.1-spaA-N-inv397。同时构建重组载体pET-30a-inv397,并在大肠杆菌BL21中诱导表达,经过Ni Sepharose 6 Fast Flow亲和层析纯化重组Inv397蛋白。将纯化后重组Inv397蛋白与包含spaA-N的重组真核质粒滴鼻免疫ICR小鼠,ELISA法检测血清特异性抗体水平,细胞增殖实验分析T淋巴细胞增殖反应。结果 Inv397蛋白与spaA-N重组质粒滴鼻免疫组的血清spaA-N特异性IgG水平明显高于spaA-N其它对照组(P<0.01),且T细胞增殖水平也高于其他各组,但无显著差异。结论 Inv397蛋白具有一定程度的免疫增强作用,有可能成为一种新的DNA疫苗佐剂。