肝脾双介入治疗肝癌合并脾功能亢进的临床研究

目的探讨肝脾双介入治疗原发性肝癌合并脾功能亢进的临床疗效及价值。方法原发性肝癌合并脾功能亢进患者28例,均有乙肝病史15～20年,有肝硬化,脾大;其中17例为巨块型肝癌,11例为结节型;肝癌临床分期22例为Ⅱ期,6例为Ⅲ期;肝功能分级A级19例,B级9例;原发性肝癌经肝动脉行化疗栓塞术(TACE),对合并门静脉高压,脾大,PLA及WBC均低下的脾亢患者行部分性脾动脉栓塞术(PSE);对比术前及术后3,7,14 d的白细胞和血小板的数量;术前和术后30 d的肝功能;对比术前和术后1个月肝癌和脾脏的缩小情况。结果术后3 d WBC为(14.4±2.2)×109/L,PLA为(52±6)×109/L,术后7 d WBC为(9.2±1.6)×109/L,PLA为(93±5)×109/L,术后14 d WBC为(5.3±1.8)×109/L,PLA为(90±3)×109/L,WBC和PLA计算与术前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1个月复查B超、CT:肝癌缩小约30%,脾脏缩小约20%;肝功能术后与术前比较,有所改善。结论双介入治疗肝癌合并脾功能亢进具有确切的疗效,且安全、有效。     

部分脾栓塞治疗血吸虫性脾功能亢进的临床应用

目的 观察部分性脾栓塞治疗血吸虫性脾功能亢进的临床价值.方法 对24例血吸虫性脾功能亢进患者行周围性部分性脾栓塞,栓塞剂为医用明胶海绵,比较栓塞前后血白细胞(WBC)及血小板(PLT)的数量变化.结果 栓塞范围为50%～75%(平均为59%),术后随访6个月～3年,WBC术前为(2.15±0.67)×109 /L,术后峰值为(12.36±3.24)×109 /L,维持在(5.65±1.38)×109 /L;PLT从术前(31.39±13.81)×109 /L上升到峰值(178.26±123.07)×109 /L,然后维持在(116.28±31.52)×109 /L,WBC及PLT的术前和术后t值分别为11.08,8.38,P＜0.001,未出现严重并发症.结论 部分性脾栓塞治疗血吸虫性脾功能亢进安全、微创、疗效确切,但其远期疗效需进一步观察.     

部分脾栓塞术在肝癌介入治疗中的应用

目的探讨部分脾栓塞术(PSE)治疗肝癌伴门脉高压及脾亢的价值.材料与方法128例患者白细胞、血小板平均值分别为2.6×109/L、56.8×109/L,食道胃底静脉曲张98例(76.6%),门静脉癌栓38例(29.7%),肝动脉-门静脉瘘25例(19.5%).全部患者在肝癌介入治疗的同时行PSE,其中32例行2次以上.结果85.9%(110/128)患者术后白细胞及血小板恢复正常,2个月复查白细胞、血小板平均值分别为5.7×109/L、169.2×109/L,6个月复查为4.8 × 109/L、110.5×109/L较术前明显增高,门脉高压症状减轻,肝功能改善,1、2、3年存活率分别为68.1%、38.2%、20.6%.结论肝脾双介入治疗肝癌伴门脉高压、脾亢是一种安全有效的方法,伴门静脉癌栓、肝动脉-门静脉瘘者同样有效.     

部分脾动脉栓塞术治疗肝硬化脾功能亢进的临床观察

目的:探讨对肝硬化脾功能亢进患者行不同程度栓塞后的临床疗效。方法:选择43例肝炎后肝硬化脾功能亢进患者。A组17例,栓塞面积约40%~50%;B组26例,栓塞面积约70%~80%。采用Seldinger技术经右侧股动脉插管到脾动脉脾门处或脾中下极动脉用PVA微粒行部分脾动脉栓塞。并于术后3d、1周、2周、1个月、3个月、6个月、1年及两年复查血常规,以此评价两种不同栓塞程度治疗的效果。结果:术后白细胞、血小板均上升。B组的疗效优于A组,并有统计学意义。结论:部分脾动脉栓塞面积在70%~80%疗效较好,在病情允许下应加大栓塞面积,以稳定疗效。     

海藻酸钠微球在部分脾栓塞术中的应用

自1973年Maddison首先报道1例门脉高压继发脾功能亢进症采用自身凝血块进行脾栓塞以来，部分脾栓塞术的临床报道日益增多。部分脾栓塞术(partial splenic embolizationg，PSE)已被作为脾功能亢进症的首选疗法。目前术中使用的栓塞材料主要为明胶海绵颗粒(条)，PVA颗粒，自身凝血块及真丝线段等。我院2003～2004年对5例继发性脾功能亢进患者使用海藻酸钠微球血管栓塞剂(KMG)进行PSE术，疗效满意，不良反应轻，现总结如下。     

脾动脉栓塞与脾切除的对比分析

目的探讨脾动脉栓塞和脾切除治疗脾功能亢进的疗效及并发症,为临床治疗脾功能亢进方式提供选择依据。方法回顾分析我院近年部分性脾动脉栓塞46例和脾切除33例,比较两种方法治疗后血象改善及并发症发生情况。结果两种方法均能有效改善肝硬化继发脾肿大脾功能亢进患者血小板和白细胞计数(P<0.001),但两组患者中脾切除组术后血小板计数改善明显优于脾动脉栓塞组,而白细胞计数的改善两组无明显差异。脾动脉栓塞组术后并发症发生率明显高于脾切除组(P<0.001)。结论对于腹水较多、门脉高压明显、脾脏巨大的患者不宜行脾动脉栓塞治疗,行脾切除术较好;对于肝脏功能较差、凝血功能严重障碍、高龄和伴肝癌的脾功能亢进患者宜行脾动脉栓塞治疗。     

部分性脾栓塞治疗肝硬化功能亢进的临床护理

肝硬化所致脾功能亢进 (简称脾亢 ) ,患者经部分性脾栓塞术进行治疗 (ＰＳＥ) ,是我院近几年开展的新技术。自1999年以来 ,利用数字减影血管造影机 (ＤＳＡ)为 18名脾亢的患者进行了ＰＳＥ术 ,我科室对患者做了相应的护理 ,取得了良好疗效 ,通过对这 18位病人的护理与大家探讨一下护理体会。1　临床资料和护理方法1 1　一般资料　 18例患者男 12例、女 6例 ,年龄在 31～ 6 5岁 ,平均年龄 5 2岁 ,全部病例均为肝硬化所致脾大脾功能亢进 ,临床表现为牙龈出血、乏力等血常规检查外周血白细胞 2 0～ 3.0× 10ｇ/Ｌ ,血小板 4 0～ 6 0× 10ｇ/Ｌ…     

部分性脾动脉栓塞方法的探讨

对11例脾功能亢进患者作部分性脾动脉栓塞治疗.5例应用明胶海绵栓塞,6例应用褐藻胶微球行脾下极动脉超选择插管栓塞.治疗后,全部病例均有效控制了脾功能亢进所致血小板减少和出血倾向,脾下极动脉微球栓塞的优点:1.脾下极栓塞不会引起左侧膈肌和胸膜刺激症状;2.大网膜向梗死的脾下极游走包裹可减轻和限制反应性炎症.使术后疼痛等继发症状明显减轻;3.可准确控制栓塞面积;4.微球栓塞在小动脉远端,不易形成侧支循环或再通;5.避免了误栓胰腺动脉的可能性.     

褐藻胶微球在部分性脾栓塞术中的应用评价

目的评价褐藻胶微球(AMG)作为栓塞材料在部分性脾栓塞术(PSE)治疗肝硬化脾功能亢进(脾功能亢进)中的疗效及并发症。方法2003—2005年42例肝硬化脾功能亢进行PSE患者,栓塞材料为250~450μmAMG。超选择性脾下极动脉部分性脾栓塞。结果共进行脾栓塞42次,栓塞范围40%~70%。栓塞后有35例出现发热,持续3~15d,38例出现腹痛,其中27例需用强效止痛药。少量胸腔积液6例,保守治疗后消失。未出现脾脓肿等严重并发症。术后24h白细胞和血小板计数开始升高(P<0.05),术后3个月白细胞维持在正常值为38例,血小板维持在正常值为39例。结论AMG可作为PSE术的栓塞材料治疗脾功能亢进,减轻术后反应。     

部分脾栓塞治疗肝硬化脾功能亢进的临床研究

目的评估部分脾栓塞治疗肝硬化脾功能亢进的临床疗效及价值。方法1988年6月—2004年6月期间对116例肝硬化脾亢患者实施了部分脾栓塞术,观察治疗前后血常规、肝肾和凝血功能,B超及彩色Doppler超声检查明确肝脾大小和门脉系统血流情况,并严密观察病情变化,注意防治并发症。结果本组116例手术均成功(100%),术后随访6~12个月,其血红蛋白含量、白细胞和血小板计数较术前显著增加(P<0.01)并恢复正常,同时其门脉直径、脾血流量和血白蛋白含量较术前改善(P<0.01)。结论部分脾栓塞是治疗肝硬化脾功能亢进的一种疗效较好,有临床应用价值的方法。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.