新生大鼠嗅鞘细胞的体外培养和纯化

目的建立一种可行的体外培养和纯化嗅鞘细胞（OECs）的方法.方法利用显微外科技术,从新生大鼠脑中取出嗅球的嗅神经组织,去除脑膜和微血管,消化后细胞接种在含有10%的DMEM/F12（1：1）培养液中于体外进行培养,应用含血小板凝集抑制素、牛垂体提取液的DMEM/F12培养液,将这些细胞接种于p75包被的培养皿中纯化培养.用P75抗体免疫组织化学染色鉴定OECs,计算纯化度.结果OECs的外形主要以突起细长的双极和三极为主,随时间延长细胞生长排列呈现一定方向性.P75抗体免疫组化呈阳性.此方法获得的OECs纯度可达90%以上.结论本研究所建立的培养方法可行,适宜从新生大鼠中获得嗅鞘细胞.     

嗅鞘细胞对活化的星形胶质细胞的作用

目的:研究体外培养的大鼠嗅鞘细胞(olfactory ensheathing cell,OEC)对活化的星形胶质细胞(astrocytes,AST)的作用.方法:体外培养嗅鞘细胞和星形胶质细胞.星形胶质细胞经纯化传代,细胞融合后利用划伤法得到活化的星形胶质细胞,将嗅鞘细胞与活化的星形胶质细胞共培养24 h后,观察星形胶质细胞增殖能力的改变,以及其表达胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)和硫酸软骨素蛋白多糖(CSPG)的变化.结果:活化的星形胶质细胞与嗅鞘细胞共培养后,MTT实验表明其增殖能力增强;免疫荧光染色、RT-PCR和蛋白质印迹法测定结果表明共培养后活化的星形胶质细胞表达的GFAP和CSPG降低.结论:嗅鞘细胞作用于活化后的星形胶质细胞以后,能够促进星形胶质细胞的分裂增殖,同时能够减少星形胶质细胞胶质化,降低抑制性细胞因子的表达.     

大鼠大脑皮层星形胶质细胞体外培养方法的建立及鉴定

目的:大鼠大脑皮层星形胶质细胞的体外培养、纯化和鉴定.方法:新生1-3d大鼠大脑皮层细胞进行体外培养,通过差速贴壁和传代去除成纤维细胞和神经元,采用免疫组化法检测星形胶质细胞特异性蛋白—胶质纤维酸性蛋白(Glial fibrillary acidic protein,GFAP)鉴定星型胶质细胞.结果:培养的细胞具有典型的星形胶质细胞的形态且生长旺盛,第3代星形胶质细胞纯度达95％.结论:本研究建立的星形胶质细胞体外培养方法操作简单、可靠.     

大鼠大脑皮层星形胶质细胞体外培养方法建立及鉴定

目的：纯化和鉴定体外培养的大鼠大脑皮层星形胶质细胞.方法：取1~3天新生大鼠大脑皮层细胞进行体外培养,通过差速贴壁和传代去除成纤维细胞和神经元等,采用免疫组化法检测星形胶质细胞特异性蛋白—胶质纤维酸性蛋白（glial fibrillary acidic protein,GFAP）鉴定星形胶质细胞.结果：培养的细胞具有典型的星形胶质细胞形态且生长旺盛,第3代95%以上为星形胶质细胞,特异性抗原GFAP表达阳性.结论：该方法操作简单,可靠,是一种有效的新生大鼠大脑皮层星形胶质细胞体外培养方法.     

大鼠脑皮质星形胶质细胞的纯化培养

目的获取纯度较高的大鼠脑皮质星形胶质细胞，用于进一步实验。方法取新生大鼠大脑，用酶消化结合机械吹打方法分离皮质细胞制成细胞悬液，差速贴壁法去除成纤维细胞，培养融合时，恒温摇床振荡法去除少突胶质细胞、小胶质细胞等，纯化后，观察星形胶质细胞生长变化规律，并通过GFAP免疫细胞化学方法鉴定星形胶质细胞。结果大鼠脑皮质细胞接种后24h全部贴壁，部分细胞已伸出突起；3～5d时细胞增殖最明显，细胞数目增加，体积增大，突起相互交织成网状；原代培养7～10d时细胞基本融合并开始分层生长。振荡纯化处理后，GFAP免疫细胞化学染色阳性细胞可达98％。结论用差速贴壁和恒温振荡方法可获得高纯度皮质源性星形胶席细胸．     

体外血脑屏障模型的建立

目的:利用自发转化的人脐静脉内皮细胞系ECV304和分离纯化的大鼠星形胶质细胞共培养试图建立一种具有重复性好、细胞纯度高、培养操作简便、接近在体状态的体外血脑屏障模型。方法:分3步:(1)分离纯化培养大鼠星形胶质细胞;(2)建立体外血脑屏障BBB模型(内皮细胞系/星形胶质细胞非接触共培养);(3)模型鉴定。结果:利用ECV304与原代培养的星形胶质细胞共培养建立的血脑屏障模型无论是在形态学、屏障功能上还是内皮细胞的特异性标志物的表达水平上都与在体血脑屏障的特性相似。结论:可以利用ECV304与原代培养的星形胶质细胞共培养建立体外血脑屏障模型。     

大鼠脊髓星形胶质细胞的体外培养与鉴定

目的:探讨大鼠脊髓组织星形胶质细胞体外培养、纯化和鉴定的方法。方法:于无菌条件下取新生1~2 d的SD大鼠脊髓组织,采用机械吹打及胰酶消化法制成细胞悬液,通过差速贴壁和恒温摇床震荡去除杂细胞,进行培养。用胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)免疫细胞化学染色对所培养的细胞进行鉴定。结果:分离培养的细胞具有典型的星形胶质细胞的形态,传至第3代细胞纯度达95%以上。结论:成功建立了大鼠脊髓星形胶质细胞体外培养方法,为脊髓星形胶质细胞的实验研究奠定基础。     

SD大鼠脑皮层星形胶质细胞的原代培养及纯化方法改良

目的:探讨大鼠大脑皮层星形胶质细胞的培养方法,以获得纯度高的细胞进一步对其进行体外实验研究。方法:在Mc-Carthy方法基础上改用出生后1d的SD大鼠的大脑皮层,结合机械分离和胰酶消化后制备单细胞悬液接种,差速贴壁1h,培养14d以后上摇床以去除混杂细胞,细胞融合后传代,每次传代前都经历胰酶冲洗和差速贴壁,传3代后利用GFAP-FITC免疫荧光法对所获细胞进行鉴定。结果:经过原代传代及纯化,大脑皮层星形胶质细胞体外培养成功,并有较高的纯度。GFAP-FITC免疫荧光染色阳性。结论:经过合理取材、改良纯化方法后,可以更为简便得到纯度很高的星形胶质细胞。     

无血清饥饿法去除神经组织培养中的成纤维细胞

介绍去血清饥饿培养方法去除神经组织培养中的成纤维细胞。取 2日龄大鼠双侧坐骨神经和双侧嗅球 ,酶消化、离心 ,1 0 %胎牛血清 (FCS)DMEM体外培养 ,如果成纤维细胞生长迅速 ,换无血清DMEM培养液培养。根据细胞生长状况可反复上述过程。S 1 0 0免疫荧光染色鉴定雪旺细胞和嗅鞘细胞纯度。结果 :换无血清培养液后 ,成纤维细胞迅速死亡 ,S 1 0 0免疫荧光染色雪旺细胞和嗅鞘细胞的纯度可达 98%～ 99%。此方法简捷、易操作 ,为神经组织培养中去成纤维细胞的一种好方法。     

成年大鼠嗅鞘细胞的原代培养与鉴定

目的 探索一种简便、经济实用的获得成年大鼠嗅鞘细胞的方法.方法 无菌条件下取2.5月龄的SD大鼠嗅球最外二层,经分散后将细胞种植于含20%胎牛血清的DMEM/F12培养基中.采用差速贴壁和阿糖胞苷抑制相结合的方法培养.定期进行形态学观察并摄片.在培养第14 d行胶质原纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)和神经生长因子受体(NGFRp75)的免疫细胞化学染色鉴定,并计算嗅鞘细胞的纯度.结果 培养的嗅鞘细胞呈双极、多突起形、扁圆形三种,其中扁圆形较少,嗅鞘细胞的纯度在90%以上.结论 差速贴壁和阿糖胞苷化学抑制相结合进行成年大鼠嗅鞘细胞原代培养是一种简便经济实用的方法,可获得高纯度的嗅鞘细胞.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.