首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
下肢骨不连后骨缺损的手术治疗   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
目的探讨下肢缺损性骨不连各种治疗方法的优缺点和适应证,提出选择最佳治疗方案的意见。方法回顾分析12年来收治下肢缺损性骨不连53例的临床资料。采用髓内和/或髓外植骨、加压钢板或交锁髓内钉固定方法治疗42例,其中股骨33例,胫骨9例;采用Ilizarov技术治疗11例,其中股骨1例,胫骨10例。结果全部骨不连均顺利愈合,骨缺损均得到修复。植骨内固定方法骨愈合时间4~24个月,平均6个月,患肢负重及关节活动恢复较快;外固定器固定方法骨愈合时间6~20个月,平均9个月,患肢负重及关节活动恢复较慢。结论明确提出应将局部软组织情况作为重要根据选择治疗方案的观点;植骨内固定方法要求植骨充分、内固定牢靠,强调植骨方式对骨结构重建有重要意义;对有骨与软组织缺损、骨外露的感染性骨不连的治疗,应采用Ilizarov技术,即先切除病损骨,行骨输送修复骨缺损,软组织创面可同时缩小、愈合,刨面未愈合者再行皮瓣转移术。  相似文献   

2.
交锁髓内钉在治疗股骨干缺损性骨不连中的应用   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4  
目的 分析股骨干缺损性骨不连的原因,探讨交锁髓内钉植骨固定治疗股骨干缺损性骨不连短肢畸形的优缺点。方法 采用交锁髓内钉固定,自体髂骨充填骨缺损区的术式治疗股骨干骨不连短肢畸形12例,病例随访平均20个月。结果 12例全部一期愈合,平均愈合时间22个月。肢体延长平均3.2cm。无主钉、锁钉弯曲、折断等内固定失败。结论 股骨干缺损性骨不连的主要原因是骨折固定不牢固造成骨吸收所致。交锁髓内钉植骨固定合理可靠,是治疗股骨干缺损性骨不连短肢畸形的较理想方法,但骨愈合缓慢。植骨应避免遗留骨缺损,负重时间应向后推迟。  相似文献   

3.
[目的]探讨交锁髓内钉并单侧皮质钢板治疗长管状骨骨不连合并骨缺损的临床疗效。[方法]所有患者均用交锁髓内钉及单侧皮质钢板固定,折端给予充分植骨,根据折端骨质缺损大小情况,分别于术后3d和1周将患肢放于CPM机上行关节屈伸功能锻炼。[结果]25例经治疗后均获随访,随访时间12~36个月,平均15个月,25例均获得骨性愈合,愈合时间3~6个月,平均4.6个月,关节功能恢复良好。[结论]带锁髓内钉及单侧皮质钢板固定并植骨治疗骨不连合并骨缺损固定牢固,软组织剥离少,有利于骨折的愈合,勿需辅助其它外固定,可早期进行关节功能锻炼,有利于患肢功能恢复。  相似文献   

4.
[目的]探讨可膨胀髓内钉FixionTM系统治疗股骨、胫骨干骨折骨不连的手术方法及临床效果。[方法]2004年6月~2006年1月,运用可膨胀髓内钉FixionTM系统加植骨治疗股骨、胫骨干骨不连19例,其中男11例,女8例,年龄19~65岁,平均39.6岁;股骨骨不连12例,胫骨骨不连7例,骨不连合并骨缺损16例,合并低毒性感染1例,初次骨折为开放性骨折11例。[结果]19例患者均获得随访,随访时间8~22个月,平均13.6个月。骨不连端在术后4~8个月获得骨性愈合,平均愈合时间6.2个月,术后无植入物松动、折弯、断裂等并发症发生。[结论]可膨胀髓内钉F ixionTM系统固定加充分自体植骨,是治疗股骨、胫骨干骨不连的一种有效的治疗方法。  相似文献   

5.
目的探讨髓内钉固定植骨治疗胫骨骨不连的效果。方法对20例胫骨骨不连患者应用髓内钉固定联合植骨进行治疗,观察治疗效果。结果随访6~18个月,19患者获骨性愈合,骨愈合时间4~8个月,平均5.40个月。1例骨痂生长缓慢,经髓内钉动力化后14个月临床骨性愈合。X线显示骨折全部骨性愈合,骨折线消失,植骨块融合牢固、胫骨无短缩、无旋转、无成角畸形,骨生长良好。无1例并发膝关节功能障碍。结论运用髓内钉固定植骨法治疗胫骨骨不连,疗效满意。  相似文献   

6.
下肢严重创伤所造成的胫骨骨感染、骨不连、骨缺损,常伴有复杂的软组织损伤,治疗较为棘手.传统的治疗方法多采用植骨加内固定,如伴随有大段骨缺损或伴有肢体短缩,则缺损组织的修复及功能重建将很困难.自1994年1月~2004年2月,应用Ilizarov技术一期延长与加压外固定治疗复杂性胫骨缺损8例,取得较满意的疗效,现报告如下。  相似文献   

7.
目的探讨应用Ilizarov技术治疗胫骨干感染性骨不连的临床效果。方法对22例骨创伤后胫骨感染性骨不连患者采取大段病灶切除+旷置并相应的干骺端截骨术。术后10 d以0.25 mm/6 h速度延长,经8~25周固定延长至骨缺损端会师,于骨缺损处两断端加压并继续维持外固定支架至骨愈合。结果 22例均获随访,时间12~24个月。骨延长6~18(9.5±4.5)cm,骨性感染全部治愈。带支架时间6.5~13个月。19例加压固定处及延长部位骨生长良好,达到了骨性愈合;3例断端骨接触后6个月无明显骨愈合,2例行自体髂骨植骨、1例拆除支架后行自体髂骨植骨内固定,4~6个月达到骨性愈合。截骨延长区及骨缺损对合处对位对线良好。结论 Ilizarov技术治疗胫骨感染性骨不连,术后感染控制良好,骨愈合率高。  相似文献   

8.
目的探讨一期骨短缩与二期骨延长术治疗感染性胫骨骨缺损的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2008-07—2018-12采用一期骨短缩、二期Ilizarov骨延长术治疗的30例感染性胫骨骨缺损。观察术后伤口愈合、骨愈合、下肢功能恢复和并发症情况。骨愈合与下肢功能恢复情况按照Ilizarov技术研究与应用学会标准进行评价。结果 30例均获得随访,随访时间平均18.5(12~30)个月。术后伤口愈合良好,无感染复发。短缩骨愈合时间6~8个月,平均7.3个月;延长段骨愈合时间6~11个月,平均7.7个月;愈合指数为1.5~1.7个月,平均1.6个月。骨愈合分级:优21例,良7例,可1例,差1例。下肢功能恢复分级:优14例,良13例,可2例,差1例。并发症情况:针道感染4例,邻近关节挛缩或僵硬3例,足下垂2例,骨不愈合1例,暂时性腓总神经损伤1例,针道松动1例。结论在严格控制伤口感染的前提下,一期骨短缩、二期Ilizarov骨延长技术治疗感染性胫骨骨缺损可同时修复皮肤软组织缺损和胫骨缺损,具有简化伤口闭合、促进缺损骨愈合、骨愈合率较高、骨整体愈合时间短、并发症相对较少、肢体功能恢复满意等优点。  相似文献   

9.
目的 探讨髂骨皮瓣移植加外固定器固定修复胫骨缺损伴小腿软组织缺损的方法和临床效果。方法1998年5月~2001年5月,应用Bastiani外固定器固定腔骨骨折及缺损端,同时行旋骼深血管为蒂的骼骨皮瓣移植,治疗腔骨缺损伴小腿软组织缺损共22例。男15例,女7例;年龄16~58岁,平均37岁。随访5~36个月,平均25.5个月。结果22例髂骨皮瓣均完全成活,胚骨及软组织缺损Ⅰ期修复,骨外固定器固定牢固,骨折愈合快,植骨与骨折端于术后2~4个月达临床愈合,术后3~6个月达骨性愈合。患肢功能恢复良好,无一例发生骨不连、骨坏死、关节僵直等并发症。结论 吻合旋骼深血管的髂骨皮瓣移植,可Ⅰ期修复胫骨缺损伴小腿软组织缺损。结合骨外固定器固定,可为植骨愈合创造便利条件,且固定牢靠,受区创伤小,可早期进行功能锻炼,避免应力遮挡,促进骨折愈合,是目前治疗胚骨缺损伴小腿软组织缺损的有效方法。  相似文献   

10.
长骨骨不连骨缺损治疗中有关问题的探讨(附27例报告)   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的 报道治疗长骨骨不连骨缺损方法。方法 27例长骨骨不连骨缺损,软组织疤痕形成,采用软组织修复一期或二期用静力型交锁髓内钉内固定,自体骨植骨,术后经皮注射自体红骨髓。结果 全部患者术后1个月出现骨痂,6个月骨折愈合。结论 采用静力型交锁髓内钉、自体髂骨移植,注射自体红骨髓是治疗长骨骨不连有效的方法。  相似文献   

11.
Summary A compression bone plate was designed in 1956 by modifying a Collision plate. The advantage in fracture healing is seen as improved fixation rather than any effect on osteogenesis due to the compression.
Résumé Une plaque permettant la compression a été mise au point par l'auteur en 1956, par modification d'une plaque précédente. L'amélioration de la consolidation osseuse tient à la meilleure fixation qu'assure ce matériel plutôt qu'à un effet direct de la compression sur l'ostéogénèse.
  相似文献   

12.
陈桂新 《中国骨伤》2005,18(11):691-691
由于创伤、炎症和肿瘤等因素造成的骨缺损性骨不连临床并非罕见,治疗方法较多,各有其优缺点。我科1993年以来,应用交锁髓内钉联合带血供的髂骨瓣移植治疗四肢骨不连、骨缺损患者15例,获得满意疗效,报告如下。  相似文献   

13.
目的 提高感染性骨缺损的治愈率,缩短疗程,防止感染复发。方法 彻底的病灶清除术,在长骨折端的干骺端行截骨术,应用组合式骨段延长和加压固定器;对截骨端进行骨段延长术,缺损端采用同步加压固定或Ⅰ期加压固定治疗。本组共62例,骨缺损及肢体短缩的总长度为3.5~16.5cm,平均6.8cm。结果 随访1~7年,延长骨和骨断端完全愈合,感染未复发。结论 本法疗效可靠,方法简便,疗程短,感染不易复发,值得推广。  相似文献   

14.
短缩-延长肢体治疗胫骨骨缺损合并软组织缺损   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
目的探索单纯使用Orthofix重建外固定架通过短缩一延长肢体治疗胫骨骨缺损合并软组织缺损的可行性。方法2001年7月~2006年7月收治胫骨骨缺损合并软组织缺损患者39例,其中37例为胫骨感染性骨折不愈合,2例为胫骨开放性骨折(GustiloⅢB型1例,Gustilo ⅢC型1例)。在患肢上安放Orthofix重建外固定架。清创术后小腿胫前内侧软组织平均缺损12cm(6~24cm),胫骨骨缺损平均9cm(4~22cm)。对胫骨骨缺损〈5cm的患者使用一期清创.腓骨截骨.胫骨缺损端加压。对22例胫骨缺损〉5cm的患者采用清创,腓骨截骨.短缩肢体〈5cm。对炎症局限、胫骨截骨部皮肤正常而且远离伤口的患者同期行胫骨截骨术,否则于1.0~1.5个月后二期行胫骨截骨术延长恢复肢体的长度。结果所有患者平均随访14个月(10~44个月)。骨缺损均得以重建,患肢肢体长度与健侧之差小于5mm,骨折愈合,无感染复发,创面均闭合。1例术后出现腓总神经麻痹,术后2个月恢复。4例胫骨缺损患者诉膝部疼痛。5例胫骨蠓损患者出现马蹄内翻足。2例胫骨缺损出现下胫腓分离。1例再骨折。结论使用Orthofix重建外固定架进行短缩.延长肢体是治疗胫骨骨缺损合并软组织缺损的有效方法,但应谨慎使用。对于软组织缺损少的小腿一期短缩的安全限度为3cm,最终短缩6cm。对于软组织缺损较大的急性胫骨开放骨折小腿一期可以短缩9cm。  相似文献   

15.

Background:

Trabecular Metal (TM) is a new highly porous material made of tantalum (Zimmer, Warsaw, Indiana, USA). Its three-dimensional structure is composed of a series of interconnected dodecahedron pores that are on average 550 μm in diameter. This size is considered optimal for bone ingrowth and is similar to trabecular bone. The elastic modulus of TM (3 GPa) is more similar to that of cancellous (0,1-1,5 GPa) or cortical (112-18 GPa) bone and is significantly less similar to that of Titanium (110 GPa) and Co-Cr alloys (220 GPa). These features enable bone apposition and remodeling. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the histology of the bone-implant interface in a human specimen.

Materials and Methods:

A highly porous tantalum cup (Zimmer, Warsaw, Indiana, USA) was removed for recurrent dislocations three years after implantation. In order to obtain a slice of the cup, two cuts were made on the centre using an Exakt cutting machine. Then the slice was embedded in a Technovit resin and a Hematoxylin-eosin stain was used to study the bone tissue. Bone ingrowth was calculated using a method based on simple calculations of planar geometry.

Results:

The histological evaluation of the periprosthetic tissues revealed a typical chronic inflammation with few particles of polyethylene that were birefringent using polarized light. The quantitative evaluation of bone ingrowth revealed that more than 95% of voids were filled with bone.

Discussion:

In the literature, a lot of studies focused on tantalum were carried on animal model. Up to now little information is available about the histology of the bone-tantalum interface in a human artificial joint. We had an opportunity to remove a well integrated cup hence this study. The histology confirmed the strong relationship between the structure of this material and bone. The morphometric analysis revealed a high percentage of bone ingrowth.  相似文献   

16.
Purpose: Subtrochanteric fractures of the femur are being managed successfully with various intramedullary and extramedulary implants with reasonable success. However, these implants require precise placement under image intensifier guidance, which exposes the surgeon to substantial amount of radiation. It also restricts the management of these fractures at peripheral centers where facility of image intensifiers is not available. Keeping this in mind we designed this study to identify if contralateral reversed distal femoral locking plate can be used successfully without the use of image intensifier. Methods: Twenty-four consecutive patients (18 men and 6 women) with a mean age of 28 years (range 19e47 years) suffering subtrochanteric fractures of the femur underwent open reduction and internal fixation with reversed contralateral distal femoral locking plate. The outcome was assessed at the mean follow-up period of 3.2 years (range 2e4.6 years) using the Harris hip score. Results: Twenty-one fractures united with the primary procedure, with a mean time of consolidation being 11 weeks (range, 9e16 weeks). One patient developed superficial suture line infection, which resolved with oral antibiotics. Another patient had a fall 3 weeks after surgery and broke the plate. Repeat surgery with reversed distal femoral locking compression plate was performed along with bone grafting and the fracture united. Two cases had nonunion, which went in for union after bone grafting. The mean Harris hip score at the time of final follow-up was 90.63 (range 82-97). Conclusion: The reversed contralateral distal femoral plate is a biomechanically sound implant, which when used for fixation of the subtrochanteric fractures with minimal soft tissue stripping shows results comparable to those achieved by using other extramedullary implants as well as intramedullary devices. The added advantage of this implant is its usability in the absence of an image intensifier.  相似文献   

17.
本实验通过骨组织形态计量学的方法,对家兔完整胫骨坚硬接骨板内固定后局部骨组织的变化进行了研究,实验家兔随机分为1、2、3、4组和空白对照组,固定时间为6.8.10和12周。对不脱钙骨组织切片在纵切面和横切面上进行普通光和莹光分析测量。结果发现:坚硬接骨板内固定后六周时固定段骨即出现骨质疏松,发生在哈佛氏系统的骨丢失,10周后骨内膜表面出现骨吸收、骨髓腔增大,两个表面的骨重建单位的负平衡使固定段皮质骨疏松变薄,特别是在钢板下。  相似文献   

18.
本实验用40只成年新西兰兔,4只作对照,另36只分3组。采用有机玻璃、钛合金和不锈钢三种不同刚度的接骨板,分别固定在兔左侧胫骨中段。术后2、4、8和12周截取接骨板下皮质骨,进行光镜观察和计算机显微图像定量分析。发现不同刚度接骨板内固定后对板下皮质骨的组织形态具有不同的影响。接骨板刚度愈大,固定时间愈长,骨量丧失愈严重。  相似文献   

19.
Internal fixators are a new class of implants designed to preserve the periosteal blood supply of the bone. In contrast to conventional plate fixation in which the screws have spherical heads and are loaded mainly by axial pullout forces, screws in internal fixators are “locked” within the plate and therefore subjected to axial as well as bending loads. In this study the ultimate loads of screws of a commercially available internal fixator system were tested in a pullout (n = 72) and cantilever bending mode (n = 72) in metaphyseal and diaphyseal regions of four pairs of human tibiae with different bone qualities. Cortical thickness and cancellous bone density were determined at the screw insertion sites. Stepwise multiple linear regression revealed that cortical thickness and cancellous density can explain 93% and 98% of the variance of the ultimate load of the screws in an axial pullout and cantilever bending mode. Screws in internal fixators are better suited to transmit shear forces and thereby make better use of the strength potential of bone than screws used in conventional plate fixation: this is especially advantageous when bone strength is reduced, e.g. due to osteoporosis. © 2004 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.  相似文献   

20.
目的:研究内固定对异体骨段移植愈合影响的实验与临床观察,方法:采用新西兰大白兔股骨中段切除1.5cm骨干和骨膜实验动物模型,将36只兔随机分成圆形髓内针内固定组和三棱形髓内针内固定组,于术后第12,3,个月行ECT检查,HE染色组织学观察异体骨愈合过程,比较普通非交锁髓内针和特制交锁针固定对异体骨修复骨肿瘤保肢术中瘤段切除大段骨缺损的治疗情况。结果:圆形髓内针内固定组和三棱形髓内针内固定组异体骨移植愈合组织学过程相似,但三棱形髓内针对固定组在第1,2个月时骨代谢活跃(P<0.05),57例异体骨段移植随访7个-6\5上,平均2.6年,结果异体骨愈合52例,不愈合5例,其中普通非交锁髓内针12例,骨不连3例(25%),特制交锁髓内针47例,骨不连2例(4.3%),普通非交锁形髓内针易发生异体骨移植不愈合(P<0.05),结论:稳固的髓内针固定有利于异体骨愈合。  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号