藻酸盐敷料结合微波辐射促进肛瘘术后创面愈合的疗效观察

目的观察藻酸盐敷料结合微波辐射促进肛瘘术后创面愈合的临床疗效。方法将56例肛瘘术后患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各28例;治疗组采用藻酸盐敷料结合微波辐射,对照组用凡士林油纱条换药。观察两组肛瘘术后创面疼痛程度、渗液量及创面愈合时间。结果治疗组较对照组术后创面疼痛轻、渗液量少、愈合快（P〈0.05）。结论藻酸盐敷料结合微波辐射能减轻肛瘘术后创面疼痛,减少渗液量,促进愈合。     

中药坐浴联合银黄解毒促愈汤对促进肛周脓肿术后创面愈合的效果观察

目的：观察中药坐浴联合银黄解毒促愈汤对促进肛周脓肿术后创面愈合的效果。方法：将90例肛周脓肿术后患者随机分为对照组和观察组,每组45例。对照组患者采用中药坐浴治疗,观察组患者采用中药坐浴联合银黄解毒促愈汤治疗,治疗3周后比较2组患者创面分泌物评分、创面肉芽组织生长评分以及创面愈合时间。结果：观察组患者术后14d、21d创面分泌物评分、创面肉芽组织生长评分均低于对照组（P <0.05）;观察组患者创面愈合时间短于对照组（P <0.05）。结论：对肛周脓肿术后患者应用中药坐浴联合银黄解毒促愈汤治疗,可减少术后创面分泌物,促进肉芽组织生长,缩短创面愈合时间。     

藻酸钙敷料应用于肛瘘术后换药的前瞻性研究

目的 比较肛瘘手术后藻酸钙伤口敷料与紫草油纱条换药后伤口愈合的临床效果.方法 2008年4～10月期间,采用半随机方法共纳入研究128例肛瘘患者,其中治疗组64例,术后采用藻酸钙伤口敷料换药;对照组64例,术后采用紫草油纱条换药,比较2组患者伤口愈合情况.结果 治疗组与对照组之间在年龄、性别构成比、肛瘘类型和术前合并症中糖尿病患者的比例的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).从肛瘘术后创面的大小上看,2组之间伤口直径的差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05).而采用不同换药操作,患者对于疼痛的主观感受级别则不同,治疗组换药时轻度疼痛的比例(45.32%,29/64)较对照组(25.00%,16/64)更高,其差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);而且创面发生过敏情况的比例治疗组(29.69%,19/64)也明显低于对照组(60.94%,39/64),其差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).经过换药治疗后,治疗组创面渗液减少的时间[(8.60±2.37) d]短于对照组[(12.22±3.29) d],而且脓腐物脱尽的时间治疗组[(16.96±5.83) d]也短于对照组[(22.02±5.90) d],其差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 藻酸钙伤口敷料换药缩短了伤口炎症期渗出阶段和增殖期肉芽生长阶段的时间,是肛瘘术后深部创面理想的早期换药敷料之一.     

生肌止痛膏纱条对肛周脓肿术后创面愈合及生长因子的临床疗效研究

目的 观察生肌止痛膏纱条对肛周脓肿术后创面愈合的影响,总结临床疗效。方法:将80例肛周脓肿术后患者随机均分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组予生肌止痛膏纱条换药、静滴抗生素、痔疮Ⅱ洗剂坐浴;对照组予雷夫诺尔纱条换药、静滴抗生素、痔疮Ⅱ洗剂坐浴。测量并比较两组的疼痛程度、创面减小率、创面完全愈合期、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、成纤维细胞生长因子(FGF)和血小板衍生生长因子(PDGF)含量。结果:两组肛周脓肿术后相比,治疗组疼痛轻于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组创面减小率比较,术后7 d、14 d治疗组创面减小率均大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组创面完全愈合期比较,治疗组创面完全愈合期小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组CRP含量比较,术后7 d治疗组CRP含量小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组VEGF、PDGF、FGF含量比较,治疗组术后7 d、14 d、21 d创面VEGF、PDGF、FGF含量大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:生肌止痛膏纱条能够明显减轻肛周脓肿术后创面疼痛,促进生长因子的分泌,加快创面愈合。     

藻酸钙敷料联合紫草油纱条用于低位单纯性肛瘘术后换药的临床效果

为探讨藻酸钙敷料联合紫草油纱条用于低位单纯性肛瘘术后换药的临床疗效,将120例行手术治疗的低位单纯性肛瘘（括约肌间瘘）患者随机分为对照组和观察组,各60例,对照组术后以传统紫草油纱条做为敷料进行常规换药,观察组采用藻酸钙敷料敷盖创面,再加紫草油纱条外敷的方式换药。结果显示,120例患者全部痊愈出院。观察组创面愈合时间、创面渗液明显减少时间、换药时创面疼痛程度、创面换药后过敏反应情况均明显优于对照组,P〈0．05。随访半年,无复发。结果表明,与单纯应用紫草油纱条换药相比,将藻酸钙敷料和紫草油纱条敷料结合用于肛瘘术后换药创面愈合时间更短,换药时患者痛苦更小,且无创面过敏反应发生,具有更高的临床应用价值。     

肛周脓肿术后病人微波治疗的效果观察

将100例肛周脓肿术后病人随机分为两组各50例,对照组采用马应龙药膏换药加中药坐浴,治疗组在此基础上采用微波照射.结果治疗组不适症状消失、伤口愈合及住院时间均短于对照组.提示微波照射能改善局部血液循环,起到消炎止痛、消肿、促进伤口愈合的作用.     

中药坐浴在痔术后应用的临床观察

目的 探讨中药坐浴在痔术后应用的临床效果.方法 将60例痔术后患者随机分为观察组和对照组,各30例.观察组采用中药坐浴治疗,对照组采用常规换药治疗.观察两组患者术后疼痛、肿胀、渗血及创面愈合的情况.结果 观察组有27例痊愈,3例好转;对照组20例痊愈,10例好转.观察组在术后恢复中的疼痛、水肿、渗血症状减轻,以及愈合时间缩短,与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 痔术后用中药坐浴替代常规换药治疗可显著提高痔术后的恢复效果,使术后反应减轻,伤口愈合时间缩短,值得推广应用.     

仙方活命饮加减方治疗湿热毒蕴型低位肛周脓肿术后创面的临床疗效观察

目的：观察仙方活命饮加减方治疗湿热毒蕴型低位肛周脓肿术后创面的临床疗效。方法：选取2019年9月—2021年3月我院收治的低位肛周脓肿术后患者96例,分为对照组和试验组,每组48例。对照组采用常规治疗+温水熏洗、坐浴+外科换药,治疗组采用常规治疗+仙方活命饮加减方内服、熏洗坐浴+外科换药。比较两组患者炎症消退时间及创面愈合时间、创面疼痛、分泌物量及创缘水肿评分。结果：治疗组炎症消退时间为（6.67±1.69）d,创面愈合时间为(22.11±3.87) d;对照组炎症消退时间为(8.75±2.06) d,创面愈合时间为(26.55±3.93) d,两组创面炎症消退时间和愈合时间差异有统计学意义（P <0.01）。仙方活命饮加减方内服联合溻渍外用可减轻创缘水肿、减轻术后创面疼痛、减少创面炎性渗出,两组评分差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。结论：治疗组经仙方活命饮加减方内服及溻渍外洗后创缘水肿消退快,渗出减少,疼痛减轻,肛门功能恢复快,创面愈合时间短。     

异种脱细胞真皮治疗2型糖尿病足溃疡效果观察

目的探讨异种脱细胞真皮治疗糖尿病足溃疡的效果。方法将92例糖尿病足溃疡患者随机分为两组各46例,均进行全身基础治疗,待局部伤口床准备充分,伤口进入重塑期后对照组使用湿性敷料换药;观察组使用异种脱细胞真皮基质覆盖创面,外敷碳敷料加压包扎换药。8周后评价效果。结果观察组溃疡面积缩小率及疼痛评分显著优于对照组;观察组愈合天数较短、创面感染发生率较低且治疗花费较少,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(均P 0. 01)。结论异种脱细胞真皮基质能够促进糖尿病足溃疡创面愈合,缩短愈合天数及减轻患者换药疼痛。     

生肌玉红膏联合百克瑞纱布创面敷料对肛周脓肿术后创口恢复的疗效观察

目的:观察肛周脓肿术后采用生肌玉红膏联合百克瑞纱布创面敷料换药对创口恢复的效果.方法:将60例肛周脓肿手术患者按随机数字法分为治疗组和对照组,各30例.对照组术后使用康复新液纱条换药,治疗组术后使用生肌玉红膏联合百克瑞纱布创面敷料换药.观察比较2组肉芽生长、创面水肿、创面渗出、愈合时间及治疗效果.结果:治疗组痊愈率为8...     

胸腰椎骨折椎弓根内固定断裂与植骨融合方式的相关性分析

[目的]探讨胸腰椎骨折椎弓根螺钉内固定系统内固定术后,椎弓根螺钉断裂与植骨融合方式之间的关系,以探讨胸腰椎骨折植骨融合的最佳方式。[方法]回顾性研究1995年5月~2005年12月本院脊柱外科收治的胸腰椎骨折病人197例,其中A组单纯内固定(不植骨)患者14例,B组“H”形椎板植骨21例,C组横突间植骨67例,D组椎间、椎内联合横突间植骨95例。[结果]术后随访6~32个月,内固定断裂12例,其中A组4例,B组3例,C组5例,D组0例,4组中D组内固定断裂率显著低于其他3组(P<0.05)。[结论]椎间、椎体内联合横突间植骨重建脊柱三柱的稳定性,符合人体生物力学原理,能有效降低内固定断裂的发生。     

On the measurement of the functional properties of the CFTR

A number of methods are currently employed to assess the functional properties of CFTR channels and their response to pharmacological potentiators, correction of the defective CFTR trafficking, and vectorial introduction of new proteins. Here we review the most common methods used to assess CFTR channel function. The suitability of each technique to various experimental conditions is discussed.     

The Measurement of the Inclination Angle of the Hamate and Analysis of the Inclination Angle for the Rotation Deformity of the Little Finger in the Fixation of the Carpometacarpal Joint

ObjectiveComplex base fractures of the fifth metacarpal bone and dislocation of the fifth carpometacarpal joint are more prone to internal rotation deformity of the little finger sequence after fixation with a transarticular plate. In the past, we have neglected that there is actually a certain angle of external rotation in the hamate surface of transarticular fixation. This study measured the inclination angle of the hamate surface relative to the fifth metacarpal surface for clinical reference.MethodsIn a prospective single‐center study, we investigated the tilt angle of 60 normal hamates. The study included thin‐layer computed tomography (CT) data from 60 patients from the orthopaedic clinic and inpatient unit from January 2017 to March 2020, including 34 men and 26 women who were 15~59 years old, average 35 years old. The CT data of 60 cases in Dicom format of the hand was input into Mimics and 3‐Matics software for three‐dimensional (3D) reconstruction and measuring the angle α between hamate surface and the fifth metacarpal surface. According to the possible placement of the transarticular plate on the fifth metacarpal surface, we measured the angle β between the hamate surface 1 and the fifth metacarpal surface and the angle γ between the hamate surface 2 and the fifth metacarpal surface.ResultsThe average angle between the hamate surface and the fifth metacarpal surface was 11.66°. The hamate surfaces 1 and 2 have an external rotation angle of 7.30° and 7.51° on average with respect to the fifth metacarpal surface, respectively. There is no statistically significant difference in the angles between the two groups (P > 0.05).ConclusionsThe horizontal angle of the dorsal side of the hamate is different from the back of the fifth metacarpal surface, and the hamate has a certain external rotation angle with respect to the fifth metacarpal surface. No matter how the transarticular plate is placed, the plate always has a certain external rotation angle relative to the fifth metacarpal surface. When the fixation is across the fifth carpometacarpal joint, if the plate does not twist and shape, it will inevitably cause internal rotation of the fifth metacarpal, resulting in internal rotation deformity of the little finger sequence.     

静脉输注甘露醇开放血脑屏障对抗生素透过血脑屏障的影响

目的　通过快速静脉输注甘露醇可逆性开放血脑屏障 (BBB) ,探知此方法能否增加抗生素透过BBB的量 ,在何时达到最高峰 ,其通透量增加后临床上有无不良反应。方法　采用自身配伍设计 ,共 6个样本组。对照组仅使用抗生素 ;其余 5组分别在使用甘露醇前 60、3 0min ,同时使用甘露醇后 3 0、60min使用抗生素 ,各组皆取使用抗生素后 1h的脑脊液测其抗生素浓度。抗生素选用头孢三嗪。结果　测量值经过q检验 ,经 2 0 %甘露醇处理前后的CSF中的头孢三嗪浓度差异有非常显著性。全组患者经临床观察未出现神经系统的不良反应。结论　经静脉快速输注2 0 %甘露醇后可以使透过BBB的水溶性抗生素的量增加 ,两者使用的顺序是在抗生素使用 3 0min内即给予甘露醇快速滴注。该方法不会增加低神经毒性抗生素在中枢神经系统的不良反应。     

Preservation of the pylorus and resection of the head of the pancreas

The historical evolution of the pylorus-preservation resection of the head of the pancreas is traced from the first resections early in this century to relative standardization of the operation, to a lowering of the operative mortality, and to an interest in improving nutritional status after resection. There are many theoretical advantages for the function of the upper gastrointestinal tract after pylorus and gastric preservation, such as maintenance of gastric capacitance and equilibration of osmotic pressure in gastric digestants, foodstuff digestion and absorption, and bowel motility. After the pylorus-preserving resection, gastric emptying is normal, pyloric function to prevent duodenal reflux is often normal, and gastric acids and serum levels of duodenal hormones are at normal levels, whereas after standard pancreatoduodenectomy, all of these are often abnormal. No prospective blinded studies have been published comparing nutritional values after the two operative procedures, but evidence is presented of a satisfactory result with regard to gastric capacitance, body weight gain, and lack of postgastrectomy symptoms. An undoubted advantage of the pylorus-preserving feature is a simplification of the operation. These gains are achieved without increase in operative mortality, without increase in the incidence of jejunal ulcer, and without theoretical or actual decrease in value of the procedure as a cancer operation, except in patients with duodenal carcinoma proximal to the ampulla of Vater.     

下颌全牙弓后移量及最后界的测量

目的：研究下颌牙弓的有效后移量及找寻下颌牙弓移动的后界。方法：选取涉及拔除下颌第三磨牙或下颌第三磨牙缺失的病例18例（男6例,女12例）。采用种植支抗牵引下牙弓向远中,治疗完成时所有病例均明确到达下颌牙弓后界,即下颌第二磨牙远中到达下颌升支前缘软组织交界处。应用治疗前后的曲断片测量下颌第二磨牙远中到升支前缘的距离。结果：下颌第二磨牙后移量为（3.49±1.21）mm;治疗后磨牙后间隙的长度为（4.43±0.97）mm。结论：下颌牙弓可确定性地实现整体后移;最大后移量由磨牙后间隙的长度决定;其最后界止于下颌第二磨牙远中与下颌升支前缘软组织交界处。     

Preservation of the pylorus in resection of the head of the pancreas

Whipple's pancreatoduodenectomy was the standard operation for diseases of the head of the pancreas for more than 40 years, but the results were vitiated in part by poor gastrointestinal function and malnutrition. Reintroduced in 1978, pylorus-preserving proximal pancreatoduodenectomy (PPPP) has had an increasing impact on pancreatic surgery as its benefits have been recognized: improved nutritional status, decreased incidence of postgastrectomy syndromes, and a technically easier operation. Postoperative mortality rates and 5-year survival rates are comparable with those of the classic Whipple procedure. PPPP is indicated for most patients with chronic pancreatitis of the pancreatic head. It is also appropriate for patients with periampullary cancer and for those with pancreatic cancer arising from the lower part of ‘the head and the uncinate process. More than 650 patients have now undergone PPPP: 31% for chronic pancreatitis and 66% for periampullary and pancreatic cancers. We assess the indications for PPPP, outline the operation, and review the results.