炎性肌病 脂质沉积性肌病肌电图结果对比分析

目的分析炎性肌病与脂质沉积性肌病(LSM)的肌电图(EMG)特点。方法选取2003-08—2012-08我院确诊的25例炎性肌病患者和25例脂质沉积性肌病患者为研究对象,回顾性分析其临床与肌电图资料。结果炎性肌病患者出现自发电位的几率为51.02%,脂质沉积性肌病患者出现自发电位的几率为22%。炎性肌病和脂质沉积性肌病均可合并神经源性损害,炎性肌病运动单位动作电位(MUAP)神经源性损害出现几率4%;脂质沉积性肌病合并神经源性损害时,MUAP神经源性损害占24%。结论炎性肌病和脂质沉积性肌病肌电图表现有差异,有助于两者的诊断与鉴别诊断。     

脂质沉积性肌病4例误诊分析

目的通过分析4例被误诊的脂质沉积性肌病的临床及病理特点,探讨脂质沉积性肌病被误诊的原因及与假肥大型肌营养不良、肢带型肌营养不良及多发性肌炎的鉴别诊断。方法分析4例脂质沉积性肌病患者的临床特点、实验室检查、肌活检资料,并复习相关文献。结果4例患者均以四肢近端无力为首发症状,被误诊为假肥大型肌营养不良、肢带型肌营养不良或多发性肌炎,经肌活检证实为脂质沉积性肌病。结论脂质沉积性肌病是由于长链脂肪酸代谢障碍导致的疾病,临床上应与相关肌病相鉴别,病理检查是确诊该病的主要根据。     

脂质沉积性肌病的临床及病理分析

目的回顾性分析脂质沉积性肌病(lipid storage myopathy,LSM)的临床及病理特点,提高临床中脂质沉积性肌病的诊断率,有助于治疗。方法对15例临床上确诊的脂质沉积性肌病患者从临床、病理特点及治疗方面进行分析。结果脂质沉积性肌病是脂肪酸氧化代谢障碍性疾病,临床主要表现为疲劳性肌无力,以近端肌肉为主(14例);激酶均有不同程度升高(15例);肌电图上呈肌源性损害(13例);抗线粒体抗体(AMA)免疫组化染色还可见到受损肌纤维内大量线粒体聚集;电镜下可见脂肪滴成串堆积在骨骼肌纤维中。结论脂质沉积性肌病在诊断上主要依靠临床、病理特点及生化检测;激素及维生素治疗可能有效。     

脂质沉积性肌病

脂质沉积性肌病是先天性脂质代谢障碍,致脂质沉积在肌纤维中而引起的一组肌病。肌活检示肌纤维中有大量脂肪颗粒沉积,以Ⅰ型肌纤维受累为重。经低脂饮食及药物治疗,病情可控制。本文对该病的发病机制,临床表现,肌电图,肌肉病理特点,诊断,鉴别诊断及治疗等作一综述。     

多次误诊为多发性肌炎的脂质沉积性肌病1例报告

脂质沉积性肌病临床上较少见，现报告1例两次误诊为多发性肌炎的脂质沉积性肌病患者如下。     

脂质沉积性肌病1例

脂质沉积性肌病（Lipidstorage myopathy，LSM）是因肌肉组织的脂肪代谢障碍，使脂质沉积在肌纤维中所致的一组肌病。国内有关报道较少。现将本院收治的1例报道如下。     

非炎性肌病的激素治疗

肾上腺皮质激素在治疗进行性肌营养不良症、线粒体肌病、先天性肌营养不良和脂质沉积性肌病方面可改善症状.     

核黄素反应性脂质沉积性肌病治疗前后肌肉病理比较:一例报告并文献复习

目的观察核黄素反应性脂质沉积性肌病治疗前后肌肉组织变化。方法对1例核黄素反应性脂质沉积性肌病患者随访10年,比较左卡尼汀治疗前后临床表现和肌肉病理变化,并行电子转移黄素蛋白脱氢酶(ETFDH)基因突变分析。结果患者具有脂质沉积性肌病的主要表现,四肢乏力、抬头费力、吞咽困难等;血清肌酸激酶和乳酸脱氢酶水平明显升高;肌电图呈肌源性损害;肌肉病理观察可见大量脂质沉积;ETFDH基因突变分析呈杂合突变。经左卡尼汀治疗数年后恢复正常生活和工作,肌肉组织活检呈正常形态。结论脂质沉积性肌病患者经适当治疗后,不仅临床症状可完全缓解,而且可逆转肌肉病理改变。     

脂质沉积性肌病伴周围神经损害一例

脂质沉积性肌病（LSM）是由于长链脂肪酸代谢障碍，导致脂质异常沉积所引发的肌肉组织病变，临床表现为进行性肌无力、肌萎缩和肌痛，现将1例伴有周围神经损害的LSM报道如下。     

脂质沉积性肌病

目的:从临床及肌肉活检角度分析脂质沉积性肌病的特点。方法:分析3例脂质沉积性肌病患者的临床特点、实验室检查、肌肉活检资料。结果:3例患者四肢近端肌无力,肌活检发现肌纤维内空泡样变,脂肪染色脂滴增多。经低脂饮食、核黄素、能量合剂治疗后好转。结论:脂质沉积性肌病的确诊依靠肌肉活检,及早认识、诊断此病,进行综合治疗,临床预后良好。     

Denervation study of synapses of organ of corti of old world monkeys

Fine structural characteristics of synapses in the spiral organ of Corti were examined, with reference to differences between inner and outer haircell systems, and to location of neurons of origin of efferent axons. Surgical interruption of crossed olivocochlear bundle, of vestibular nerve, of facial nerve, and excision of superior cervical ganglia were used to determine the pathways of efferent axons. Interruption of the vestibular nerve near the brainstem results in degeneration of all efferent terminals on outer hair cells. Mid-line lesions at, and caudal to, the facial colliculus result in degeneration of about half of these efferent terminals. Efferent synaptic bulbs to the inner hair-cell system are small, of the order of one micron, and form type 2 junctions with afferent dendrites. They tend to have more large dense-core vesicles (about 80 nm) than the large efferent terminals of the outer hair-cell system, and appear to be the terminals of axons in the habenula perforata, which exhibit varicosities laden with large dense core vesicles. The varicosities are unaffected by excision of the superior cervical ganglia. So far as our material can reveal, it appears that the varicosities in the habenula perforata do not survive vestibular root interruption, nor do the efferent processes in the internal spiral bundle or at the base of inner hair cells. Most interestingly, the afferent processes of the inner hair-cell system, as identified for example by their relation to pre-synaptic bodies in the inner hair cells, are subject to a trans-synaptic reaction after severance of the vestibular root. They undergo a dramatic cytological transformation, characterized by increase of volume, engorgement with microtubules, microfilaments, microvesicles of various sizes, and clusters of lysosomes. Thus, both the efferent and afferent terminals of the inner hair-cell system show marked cytological differences from the corresponding terminals of the outer hair cell system.     

Mechanism of action of tubocurarine on nicotinic cholinoreceptors of neurons of the sympathetic ganglia of rats

Tubocurarine (Tc) effect on membrane currents elicited by acetylcholine (ACh) was studied in isolated superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat using patch-clamp method in the whole-cell recording mode. The "use-dependent" block of ACh current by Tc was revealed in the experiments with ACh applications, indicating that Tc blocked the channels opened by ACh. Mean lifetime of Tc-open channel complex, tau, was found to be 9.8 +/- 0.5 s (n = 7) at -50 mV and 20-24 degrees C. tau exponentially increased with membrane hyperpolarization (e-fold change in tau corresponded to the membrane potential shift by 61 mV). Inhibition of the ACh-induced current by Tc (3-30 microM/1) was completely abolished by membrane depolarization to the level of 80-100 mV. Inhibition of ACh-induced current was augmented at increased ACh doses. It is concluded that the open channel block produced by Tc is likely to be the only mechanism for Tc action on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat.     

The effect of age of onset of PD on risk of dementia

Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005     

Limits of deinstitutionalization--perspectives of relatives of psychiatric patients

After a hopeful beginning, the social process of the reintegration of those with severe mental illness has come to a standstill. I am led to wonder whether "the community" really wants to live together with people suffering from severe mental illness, and if so, how closely? As long as the medical treatment of mental illness provided by the general practitioners is fundamentally deficient, as they are not able to prescribe the necessary interventions--such as out-patient psychiatric nursing, and service providers in the out-patient sector are content with offering increasingly intensive forms of care for the less seriously ill at the cost of the Social Welfare System--the reintegration of those with serious mental illness remains an illusion--which is mainly to the benefit of providers of residential care in homes and hostels.     

Summary of Legislation of 1933 of interest to the Department of Mental Hygiene

Psychiatric Quarterly -