精神分裂症患者ABO血型调查

目的探讨精神分裂症与ABO血型之间的关系。方法用试管正反定型法对患者ABO血型进行检测,并与正常人血型对照。结果 554例精神分裂症患者ABO血型分布与1 177例正常人比较,差异无统计学意义;男性与女性患者血型分布比较;A、B及O型血型分布在两性别间差异无统计学意义,但AB型分布差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.600 6,P0.01),男性中AB型比例远高于女性。结论精神分裂症在河南地区男性患者中A型比例较高,女性患者中O型比例较高;AB型男性患者比例远高于女性患者比例。     

On the genetic polymorphism of the serum alpha-amylase in the population of the south western Bulgaria (second communication)

INTRODUCTION: The paper presents data on population distribution of individual phenotypes and gene frequencies of alpha-amylase in random serum samples from the population of the South-Western regions of Bulgaria. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied 1939 individuals of both sexes aged between 18 and 45 years from the South-Western regions of Bulgaria. They were clinically healthy and without kinship ties. The blood was obtained by venous puncture. The amylase phenotypes were established by horizontal electrophoresis of blood serum on agar gel (1%) after the J. Kompf's method with some modification made in our laboratory. RESULTS: In the Bulgarian population of the South-Western regions of Bulgaria the most frequent alpha-amylase phenotype is Amy1A Amy2A--1603 (82.67) followed by AmylA Amy2A2B--162 (8.35%); Amy1 A1 B Amy2 A--92 (4.74%); AmylA1B Amy2A2B--58 (2.99%); AmylA Amy2B--17 (0.88%); Amy1c Amy2A--5 (0.26%); and Amy1c Amy2A2B--2 (0.11%). The revealed genetic frequencies are as follows: 1a = 0.9577, 1b = 0.0398, 1 degrees = 0.0025 and 2a = 0.9340 and 2b = 0.0660. CONCLUSIONS: The difference between the observed theoretically expected types of amylase is not significant so the population studied is in genetic balance regarding the enzyme system. This population does not differ significantly from other populations in gene frequency. A tendency of West-Eastern geographical distribution is evident. Allele frequencies of 1a and 2a tend to increase in that direction. Isoenzyme frequencies in the studied Bulgarian population do not differ significantly from those of the European populations.     

济南市无偿献血人群ABO血型及与Rh血型分布研究

目的 研究济南市无偿献血人群中ABO、Rh血型的分布特点,并分析其ABO、Rh抗原表现型及基因频率,是否符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律.方法 对山东省血液中心采集的282413份无偿献血样本采用血型血清学方法进行ABO、Rh血型检测,利用血型群体遗传学研究方法进行描述性分析.结果 2015-2017年无偿献血...     

孕妇IgG血型抗体效价与ABO新生儿溶血病关系的分析

目的探讨孕妇Igc血型抗体效价与AgO新生儿溶血病发生率之间的关系。方法对716例妻子0型Rh阳性而丈夫非O型孕妇做IgG抗-A（B）效价测定,对其中106例有HDN危险的孕妇所生新生儿做HDN血型血清学检查。结果716例O型孕妇中IgG抗-A（B）效价〈64、64、128、256和≥512各组分别占60．9％、22．4％、10．9％、4．2％和1．7％。106例母婴血型不合且有ABO—HDN危险的孕妇所生新生儿中共有24例HDN阳性,占22,6％;孕妇JgG抗-A（B）效价为64、128、256和≥512各组HDN阳性率分别为12．0％、24．1％、38．1％和50．0％（P〈0．01）。结论孕妇血清中IgG抗-A（B）效价高低与ABO—HDN的发生率成正相关,产前进行血清IgG抗体效价检测非常必要。     

40例食管癌组织中FOLR1 mRNA表达情况及ABO血型关系研究

目的探讨40例食管癌组织中仅型叶酸受体（FOLRl）基因表达及ABO血型相关性。方法收集40例新鲜食管癌,分析其ABO血型;应用免疫组织化学（IHC）及即时定量逆转录PCR检测癌组织及及癌旁组织FRcL的表达。结果经IHC检测食管癌组织20％呈（±）,癌旁组织50％呈（±）,10％呈（＋）,两者差异有统计学意义（χ2=14．48,P〈0．01）;RealTimeRT—PCR提示癌组织低表达FOLR1,与癌旁组织（F=53．247,P=0．000）、正常食管黏膜组织（F=116．500,P=0．000）相比,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;食管癌患者ABO血型与FOLR1的表达无明显相关性（P=0．647,P〉0．05）。结论食管癌灶与癌旁组织相比FOLR1基因表达降低;检测癌组织、癌旁组织中FR仪的表达水平对判断食管癌肿瘤病变范围和指导确定手术治疗范围具有一定意义;ABO血型对FRoL在食管癌组织中的表达水平无明显影响。     

孕妇血型抗体效价与新生儿ABO血型和ABO溶血的关系

目的　分析新生儿 O、 A、 B型血型与孕妇血型抗体效价的关系 ,了解能否用血型抗体效价≥ 1:5 12来预测新生儿 ABO溶血的严重程度。　方法　 35 4例孕妇为 O型血型、丈夫为 A、B、 AB型血型 ,孕妇分娩时测定抗体效价 ,分娩后立即采集脐血做新生儿溶血病检测。　结果　新生儿血型不论是 A型、 B型 ,还是 O型 ,母亲血液中均可以检出抗 A或抗 B抗体 ,O型组新生儿与A、 B型组新生儿中母亲 Ig G抗 A或抗 B抗体效价分布不同 ,差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 )。新生儿 ABO溶血的发生率与母亲抗体效价相关 ,效价越高 ,新生儿 ABO溶血发生率越高 ,差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,但母亲抗体效价与新生儿溶血性贫血的发生率不相关。　结论　母亲血型免疫抗体效价的高低与新生儿血型有关 ,血型抗体效价≥ 1:5 12不能作为新生儿 ABO溶血严重程度的预测指标     

ABO血型及胱抑素C与乙型肝炎肝硬化失代偿期相关性研究

目的探讨ABO血型及胱抑素C与乙型肝炎肝硬化失代偿期的相关性,以便更好地指导临床诊治工作。方法回顾性分析472例乙型肝炎肝硬化失代偿期患者性别、年龄、乙型肝炎家族史、乙型肝炎病毒标记、肝功能分级、门静脉高压及并发症与ABO血型分布情况,比较胱抑素C与肌酐水平差异及其与肝功能分级关系,并与681例健康人群进行对比。结果乙型肝炎肝硬化失代偿期患者中,A型血发生率最高。各年龄组中ABO血型分布比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。AB型血患者中有乙型肝炎家族史、门静脉宽度〉1．5cm、食管静脉曲张、有并发症及肝功能分级Child-PughC级所占比例均明显高于其他血型,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。胱抑素C水平随着肝功能分级升高而逐渐升高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论A型血的人群具有肝硬化的高危因素,AB型血的肝硬化患者其病情发展较其他血型者更严重。肝硬化失代偿期患者胱抑素C水平与尿素氮、肌酐相比明显高于健康者,胱抑素C水平随肝功能分级升高而呈升高趋势,同时胱抑素C具有成为肝功能分级的良好指标的潜力。     

孕妇产前ABO和Rh血型抗体检测结果分析

目的:研究血型抗体效价异常在孕妇中所占比率及临床意义。方法:对702例O型Rh(+)孕妇血清IgG抗-A(B)和21例RhD(-)孕妇血清IgG抗-D效价进行检测与分析,并与临床资料进行比较研究。结果:702例O型孕妇血清IgG抗-A(B)效价≥64有351例,异常检出率为50.0%,21例RhD(-)孕妇血清IgG抗-D效价≥64有3例,异常检出率为14.3%。结论:孕妇血清中IgG抗体效价的高低与HDN的发生成正比,在产前保健孕妇中进行ABO及Rh血型抗体效价检测,可减少由于母婴血型不合引起的溶血疾病发生。     

ABO血型与鼻咽癌发生发展及预后的相关性分析

目的 探讨ABO血型在鼻咽癌发生发展和预后中的意义。 方法 将2013年6—12月于湖南省肿瘤医院初次就诊的188例鼻咽癌患者纳入研究,收集患者治疗前血样进行ABO血型以及EBV-DNA检测。对患者随访5年以上,采用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析,Log-rank检验比较总生存率的差异。 结果 不同血型的患者性别、年龄、吸烟史、饮酒史、TNM分期、T分期、N分期、M分期、EBV-DNA水平、放化疗情况均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);ABO血型在鼻咽癌患者与正常人群之间的分布差异无统计学意义(P=0.352);ABO血型与鼻咽癌分期、远处转移及EBV-DNA水平无相关性(P＞0.05),不同血型患者的总生存率差异也无统计学意义(P=0.215);此外,A型与非A型、B型与非B型、O型与非O型患者的总生存率差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。非AB型患者总生存率明显高于AB型患者(P=0.038)。EBV-DNA＜4.0×10²copies/ml或EB-DNA≥4.0×10²copies/ml时,不同血型患者的总生存率均无明显差异(P＞0.05)。 结论 ABO血型与鼻咽癌的发生发展及预后无相关性,ABO血型与EB病毒感染未见明显相关性。     

O型孕妇血清抗体效价与新生儿ABO溶血病发生的关系

目的:探讨232例O型血孕妇血型抗体效价与新生儿溶血病及高胆红素血症发生的关系。方法:根据O型孕妇妊娠20～32周测定的IgG抗A(B)效价,把新生儿分成4组(≤1∶32,1∶64,1∶128,≥1∶256),取新生儿的静脉血进行改良直接法抗人球蛋白试验抗体释放试验和游离抗体3项试验以证实ABO溶血病,监测新生儿黄疸的发展,对新生儿进行早期治疗。结果:新生儿ABO溶血的发生率与母亲抗体效价相关,效价越高,新生儿溶血病发生率越高,差异有显著性(P<0.05),高胆红素血症的发生率为也呈上升的趋势,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:随着孕妇IgG血型抗体效价的升高,新生儿ABO溶血病和高胆红素血症的发生率升高,应对新生儿黄疸进行早期的监测及治疗。     

ABO,Secretor and Lewis histo-blood group systems influence the digestive form of Chagas disease

Chagas disease, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, can affect the heart, esophagus and colon. The reasons that some patients develop different clinical forms or remain asymptomatic are unclear. It is believed that tissue immunogenetic markers influence the tropism of T. cruzi for different organs. ABO, Secretor and Lewis histo-blood group systems express a variety of tissue carbohydrate antigens that influence the susceptibility or resistance to diseases. This study aimed to examine the association of ABO, secretor and Lewis histo-blood systems with the clinical forms of Chagas disease. We enrolled 339 consecutive adult patients with chronic Chagas disease regardless of gender (cardiomyopathy: n = 154; megaesophagus: n = 119; megacolon: n = 66). The control group was composed by 488 healthy blood donors. IgG anti-T. cruzi antibodies were detected by ELISA. ABO and Lewis phenotypes were defined by standard hemagglutination tests. Secretor (FUT2) and Lewis (FUT3) genotypes, determined by Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), were used to infer the correct histo-blood group antigens expressed in the gastrointestinal tract. The proportions between groups were compared using the χ2 test with Yates correction and Fisher's exact test and the Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) were calculated. An alpha error of 5% was considered significant with p-values < 0.05 being corrected for multiple comparisons (pc). No statistically significant differences were found for the ABO (X²: 2.635; p-value = 0.451), Secretor (X²: 0.056; p-value = 0.812) or Lewis (X²: 2.092; p-value = 0.351) histo-blood group phenotypes between patients and controls. However, B plus AB Secretor phenotypes were prevalent in pooled data from megaesophagus and megacolon patients (OR: 5.381; 95% CI: 1.230–23.529; p-value = 0.011; pc = 0.022) in comparison to A plus O Secretor phenotypes. The tissue antigen variability resulting from the combined action of ABO and Secretor histo-blood systems is associated with the digestive forms of Chagas disease.     

The increasing prevalence of diabetes in South Australia: the relationship with population ageing and obesity

Objectives: To use representative population surveillance data to monitor and project changes in the prevalence of diabetes for different age and body mass index (BMI) groups. Study design: Representative, annual, face-to-face South Australian Health Omnibus Surveys, 1991-2003 (n=3000 per year). Methods: Trends in self-reported diabetes prevalence by age group and BMI were examined. Separate projections were made on the basis of predicted changes in population demography and diabetes prevalence. Results: The age-sex standardized absolute prevalence of self-reported diabetes among people aged 15 years and over increased from 3.5% in 1991 to 6.7% in 2003. If this current trend continues, the prevalence is expected to increase to 10.5% by 2016. The prevalence of diabetes was significantly higher among those classified as obese (6.5% in 1991 to 12.2% in 2003) than those with normal BMI. The greatest relative percentage increase in prevalence between 1991 and 2003 (169%) was seen among people aged 15-39 years. Taking both age group and BMI classification into account, the greatest relative percentage increases over this time were seen among those with normal BMI aged 60 years or older (148%), and those who were obese and aged less than 60 years (139%). Conclusions: The prevalence of diabetes and obesity increased significantly between 1991 and 2003. Population ageing and an increase in diabetes prevalence in the future will further increase the burden of diabetes. Future increases in diabetes prevalence are not inevitable, however, if investments are made in public health prevention programmes, particularly those addressing obesity.     

Changes in the health status of the population of Central and Eastern European countries between 1990 and 2010

Objective

The aim of this study was to analyse change in the health status of the population in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) since 1990, compared with the ‘old’ EU-15 member states of the European Union (EU).

Methods

We analysed data from the Health for All Database and the Global Burden of Disease report of the World Health Organization (WHO). Life expectancy at birth and disability-adjusted life years were analysed for 1990–2010. Age-standardised death rates (ASDR) and potential years of life lost (PYLL) were assessed for selected inflammatory diseases.

Results

Life expectancy at birth for male individuals improved in CEE by 4.8 years and in the EU-15 by 5.4 years. During the same period, life expectancy at birth for female individuals improved in CEE by 4.0 years and in the EU-15 by 4.2 years. The difference in life expectancy at birth between male and female individuals in the EU-15 decreased by 1.2 years and in CEE by 0.8 years. Comparisons of ASDR and PYLL among the EU-15 and CEE countries were difficult because of the potentially low validity of the available data.

Conclusions

The health status of the CEE population has improved since 1990. However, only a few countries have closed the gap with the EU-15 countries. Inflammatory conditions might represent a significant disease burden in CEE countries; however, a thorough analysis and comparison to the EU-15 is difficult because of a shortage of good-quality data.

     

心脏外科手术后深部胸骨切口感染患者ABO血型分布的临床意义

目的探讨心脏外科术后深部胸骨切口感染(DSWI)患者ABO血型分布的临床意义。方法回顾性分析2012—2014年中国医科大学航空总医院心胸外科84例心脏手术后DSWI患者的临床资料,根据ABO血型分为4组:A血型组、B血型组、AB血型组和O血型组,按血型是否为A型分为A血型组和非A血型组,分析DSWI患者ABO血型的分布情况,并比较不同ABO血型组DSWI患者的危险因素、临床表现及病原学特点。结果 DSWI患者中A血型组33例(39.3%),非A血型组51例(60.7%)[其中B血型组16例(19.1%),O血型组29例(34.5%),AB血型组6例(7.1%)];DSWI患者中A血型的比例高于正常人群,但差异无统计学意义(P=0.055)。比较不同血型组DSWI患者的基线特征分布及各种临床表现的发生率,差异均无统计学意义(均P0.05)。但与非A血型组或与其他各ABO血型组比较,A血型组DSWI患者白细胞(WBC)计数升高的发生率高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。与非A血型组或其他ABO血型组比较,A血型组革兰阳性菌检出率高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。此外,B血型组仅检出铜绿假单胞菌3株,而AB血型组未检出革兰阴性菌。结论 ABO血型可能在心脏外科手术后DSWI的发病机制中发挥着一定作用,而这种作用可能与某种特定的细菌感染相关。     

ABO blood group, secretor status and detection of Helicobacter pylori among patients with gastric or duodenal ulcers

Patients (454) referred for gastroscopy to the General Hospital of Athens were examined to determine (1) if non-secretors were over-represented among patients with ulcers and (2) if there was an association with ABO blood group or secretor status and carriage of Helicobacter pylori. Compared with the local population, among patients with either gastric ulcer (51) or duodenal ulcer (96) there was a significant increase in the proportion of those who were blood group O (P less than 0.025); however, there were no significant differences in the proportions of non-secretors. H. pylori was identified in 62% of the 454 patients: 59.5% of those without evidence of ulcers; 62.5% of those with gastric ulcer; 88% of those with duodenal ulcer (P less than 0.0005). These bacteria were cultured more often and in higher numbers from patients with duodenal ulcer (P less than 0.025). There was no association between ABO blood group and prevalence of H. pylori. The prevalence of H. pylori among non-secretors with gastric ulcer (12.5%) was significantly lower than that for non-secretors with duodenal ulcer (100%) (P less than 0.0005). This was not observed for secretors.