双窥镜法联合钬激光内切开术治疗严重尿道狭窄疗效观察

目的观察双窥镜法联合钬激光内切开术治疗严重尿道狭窄的初期疗效。方法2005年5月至2009年4月,应用双窥镜法联合钬激光内切开术治疗8例尿道狭窄或尿道闭锁,狭窄段长度0.8-2.5cm。结果8例患者均尝试逆行内切开术均无法通过狭窄段,应用双窥镜法联合钬激光内切开术治疗均获成功,术后留置尿管4-6周,拔管后均排尿通畅,无尿失禁。8例患者中7例获随访6.24个月（平均18个月）,其中2例患者无需任何后续治疗,3例需行6-16次尿道扩张（平均11次）以维持正常排尿;2例术后3及4个月再次因尿道狭窄行开放手术治疗。结论双窥镜法联合钬激光内切开术治疗尿道狭窄提高了一期腔内手术的成功率,可作为严重尿道狭窄、尿道闭锁患者的可选微创治疗术式。该术式早期疗效良好,但远期效果不尽满意尚待长期观察。     

腔镜下钬激光内切开加定期尿道扩张治疗男性尿道狭窄及闭锁

目的探讨腔镜下钬激光内切开治疗男性尿道狭窄及闭锁的效果及安全性。方法我院2007年4月～2009年11月收治男性尿道狭窄或闭锁病人17例,狭窄段长0.5～3.0cm,平均1.4cm,采用腔镜下钬激光狭窄段内切开治疗。术后留置尿管2～4周。拔除尿管后根据随访排尿状况定期作尿道扩张。结果 17例病例均取得手术成功,手术时间30～90min,平均40min,术后排尿显著改善,最大尿流率(Qmax)由术前平均6.5(2.8～11.5)ml/s提高到术后20.4(16.6～25.3)ml/s,无尿失禁、阳痿、尿瘘并发症。术后随访3～18个月,均排尿良好,无再狭窄发生,B超检查剩余尿<20ml。结论腔镜下钬激光内切开加定期尿道扩张治疗男性尿道狭窄及闭锁安全有效,近期治疗效果良好,手术创伤小,并发症少,值得推广应用。     

直视下经尿道内切开术治疗尿道狭窄

目的：探讨直视下经尿道内次切开术治疗尿道狭窄的有效性和安全性。方法：总结直视下经尿道内切开术治疗68例尿道狭窄和闭锁患者的疗效和经验,63例1次手术成功;3例行2次、2例行3次成功。结果：68例中,57例术后随访3～71个月,平均28．3个月,43例(75％)均排尿通畅;2例暂时性尿失禁者分别于术后3～6月内恢复。结论：直视下经尿道内切开术创伤小,并发症少,疗效确切,是尿道狭窄和闭锁的首选治疗方法。     

腔镜下钬激光治疗长段尿道闭锁临床体会

目的 探讨尿道长段闭锁的微创腔内钬激光治疗方法和经验.方法 73例尿道长段闭锁患者,在膀胱镜、输尿管镜或前列腺切除镜下,利用钬激光行尿道内切开,切除尿道瘢痕组织,恢复尿道的连续性.术后出现尿道狭窄者,给予尿道扩张.结果 73例尿道长段闭锁患者均一次性手术解除闭锁,术后2例因未及时行尿道扩张再次手术,31例行尿道扩张1～6次均排尿道畅.未发现尿道严重出血、穿孔、尿失禁、勃起功能障碍等并发症. 结论应用钬激光行尿道瘢痕切除手术治疗尿道长段闭锁,安全高效,手术创伤小,并发症少,住院时间短.     

重复尿道内切开术治疗尿道狭窄的疗效观察

目的　探讨尿道内切开术治疗尿道狭窄的可重复性。　方法　收集经尿道内切开术治疗的尿道狭窄及闭锁患者共 2 96例 ,分析重复实施尿道内切开术的价值。　结果　 2 96例中手术成功 2 6 1例 (88.2 % ) ,其中 1次手术成功者 2 17例 ;行 2次内切开术者 79例 ,32例成功 ,行 3次内切开术者 4 7例 ,12例成功。 35例 (11.8% )手术失败 ,其中 2 6例改行镍钛记忆合金螺旋支架置入治疗 ,9例行开放手术。病程 >1年者重复尿道内切开术成功率低。　结论　尿道内切开术治疗尿道狭窄应争取首次成功 ,重复手术价值有限 ,病程 >1年者不宜行重复尿道内切开术。     

输尿管镜联合铥激光内切开术治疗尿道狭窄

目的:探讨输尿管镜联合铥激光内切开治疗尿道狭窄的疗效。方法:尿道狭窄或闭锁36例,采用输尿管镜联合铥激光行尿道内切开,汽化切除尿道瘢痕组织,恢复尿道的连续性,观察其临床疗效及并发症。结果:手术时间10~90 min,平均35 min,术后留置尿管2~6周后均排尿通畅,无尿失禁。随访4~24个月,平均12个月。27例患者无需尿道扩张,5例患者拔管后出现尿线变细,经定期尿道扩张后治愈,3例因未及时行尿道扩张需再次行尿道内切开术,1例行尿道狭窄段切除成形术。结论:输尿管镜联合铥激光行尿道内切开治疗短段尿道狭窄,安全有效,并发症少,住院时间短,亦可作为严重尿道狭窄、尿道闭锁的可选治疗手段,早期疗效良好,但远期效果尚待观察。     

经输尿管镜钬激光联合球囊扩张器治疗尿道狭窄

【摘要】 目的 研究直视下钬激光尿道内切开并球囊扩张治疗尿道狭窄的疗效。方法〓2013年6月至2014年12月,共收治36例尿道狭窄患者,术前详询病史、体检、行尿流率测定及逆行尿道造影,所有病人在尿道狭窄处行直视下钬激光尿道内切开和球囊扩张,术后留置16~18Fr硅胶尿管7~21天,所有病人术后随访6~12个月,随访期间测定尿流率,必要时每3个月进行尿道逆行造影或排泄性尿路造影。结果〓第一次术后治愈30例,总体成功率为83.4%。6例再狭窄和狭窄并尿瘘。结论〓直视下钬激光尿道内切开联合球囊扩张是治疗尿道狭窄安全有效的微创方法。     

Endoscopic urethrotomy versus urethrotomy plus Nd-YAG laser in the treatment of urethral stricture

Between February 1987 and May 1988, 30 patients who presented with single, iatrogenic, annular strictures of the bulbar urethra were included in this prospective study. They were randomly divided into two groups; group 1: 15 patients who underwent direct-vision endoscopic urethrotomy (cold-knife incision at 12 o'clock) and group 2: 15 patients who underwent internal urethrotomy plus Nd-YAG laser. The results obtained were analyzed and compared at 1 and 2 years by clinical evaluation, uroflowmetry and retrograde-voiding urethrography. Group 1 obtained 80% good results at 1 year, falling to 60% at 2 years follow-up. Group 2 presented good results in 73.3% both at 1 and 2 years of follow-up.     

Recurrence of urethral stricture after single internal urethrotomy

Recurrence of urethral stricture after single internal urethrotomy was investigated in 66 patients with special reference to some factors which would influence restricturing. In the present study, recurrence rate was 16.7% (11 patients). Recurrences occurred within an average of 11.9 months. Factors that had no influence on restricturing were age, aetiology, site of the stricture and duration of indwelling catheterization. On the other hand, stricture length appeared to influence the outcome (χ², p<0.001). Short stricture (≤10 mm) showed only 4.4% recurrence rate, while 42.9% in long stricture (>10 mm). Internal urethrotomy appeared to be effective particularly when the stricture was short, while it seemed difficult to treat long strictures by single internal urethrotomy.     

Does internal urethrotomy prevent urethral stricture after transurethral prostatectomy. Early and late results

In a randomized study of 200 consecutive patients undergoing transurethral prostatectomy (TURP), the combination of internal urethrotomy and TURP (the trial group) was compared with TURP alone (the control group) with regard to the development of urethral strictures postoperatively. Three months after resection, 14% in the trial group and 21% in the control group had developed a urethral stricture. The difference was not statistically significant. At a late follow-up (median 54 months postoperatively) 5 more patients in the trial group and 8 in the control group had developed strictures. The diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of uroflowmetry in diagnosing urethral strictures was 62 and 96%, respectively. The diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of retrograde urethrography was 58 and 98%, respectively. We conclude that urethrotomy before TURP cannot prevent the formation of postoperative urethral strictures.     

经尿道双极等离子束电切治疗尿道狭窄

目的：评价经尿道双极等离子束电切治疗尿道狭窄的疗效。方法：采用经尿道双极等离子束电切治疗尿道狭窄24例,并进行术后随访。结果：24例手术均获成功．术中出血量5～15ml;术后随访19例(3～17个月),均自行排尿通畅,Qmax 18～26ml／s。结论：经尿道双极等离子束电切治疗尿道狭窄,具有低温切割、切割准确、术后尿道再狭窄少等优点,是有效的微创新技术之一。     

窥镜直视下尿道内切开术加电切术治疗尿道狭窄

目的：探讨尿道狭窄的有效治疗方法。方法：对1991—2000年收治的128例尿道狭窄患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,并比较窥镜直视下尿道内切开术和直视下尿道内切开术加电切术的疗效。结果：作单纯直视下尿道内切开术56例,治愈29例(51．9％)。作窥镜直视下尿道内切开术加电切术72例,治愈63例(87．5％)。结论：窥镜直视下尿道内切开术加电切术的方法可明显提高尿道狭窄的疗效,减少其复发率。     

经尿道钬激光内切开术治疗尿道狭窄（附32例报告）

目的探讨经尿道钬激光内切开术治疗尿道狭窄的可行性和安全性。方法分析2002年5月至2008年3月32例尿道狭窄和闭锁患者行经尿道钬激光内切开术治疗的临床资料。结果31例患者一次性腔内钬激光内切开治疗成功，1例因狭窄段长达3cm，钬激光内切开失败而改开放手术。无大出血、尿瘘、尿失禁等并发症发生。术后随访3～12个月，均排尿通畅。结论经尿道钬激光内切开术是治疗尿道狭窄的一种简单安全有效的手术方法，创伤小，并发症少，疗效确切。     

The treatment of urethral stricture disease by internal urethrotomy: a clinical review

The results of internal urethrotomy with 6 weeks of postoperative catheter drainage and antimicrobial therapy in the treatment of urethral strictures in 28 patients are presented. Satisfactory results were obtained in 68 per cent of the patients. Because of the simplicity of this technique and the good results obtained we believe that internal urethrotomy often is the best initial approach to strictures that become difficult to manage by periodic dilation.     

Direct vision internal urethrotomy in the treatment of urethral stricture or atresia]

From 1988 to 1990, 30 cases of urethral stricture or atresia were treated with direct vision internal urethrotomy (DVIU). Postoperative follow-up showed recovery of normal voiding in 25 cases, need of irregular urethral dilatation in 2 and failure in 3. Early management of urethral injury is emphasized and the causes of DVIU failure are discussed. We consider that the success rate of DVIU can be further increased.     

经尿道双极等离子束电切治疗难治性尿道狭窄的疗效观察

目的探讨经尿道双极等离子体电切治疗尿道狭窄的安全性和有效性。方法2006年12月～2007年12月采用经尿道双极等离子体（柱状及襻状电极）电切治疗尿道狭窄10例,其中骨盆骨折所致1例,会阴部骑跨伤4例,前列腺电切术后狭窄2例,长期留置尿管后狭窄3例。结果10例手术均获成功．术中出血量10～30ml：术后随访10例,自行排尿通畅,无性功能障碍和尿失禁,术后6个月Qmax15—24ml／s。所有病例随访期间未出现再狭窄。结论经尿道双极等离子束电切治疗尿道狭窄,具有低温切割、切割准确、术后尿道再狭窄少等优点,是很有效的微创新技术之一。