肝衰竭中医病因病机浅析

肝衰竭的发病与＂湿＂＂热＂＂毒＂＂瘀＂＂痰＂有关,病机主要为湿热疫毒炽盛,深入营血,充斥三焦,痰毒内闭,脉络瘀阻,多脏受累,变症丛生,且可因热毒内陷,正气耗伤,导致邪闭正脱的危候。     

慢性乙型肝炎病因病机探讨

慢性乙型肝炎的病因与湿热疫毒密切相关,湿热毒邪是乙肝发生的始动因素,脾运不健是乙肝发生发展的内在基础,肝络瘀阻是病变发展的重要病理环节,肝肾亏扣则病变发展的必然结果,病机特点为正虚邪恋,本虚标实,致病热缠绵,病情反复波动,治疗上必须有的效矢,才能取得满意的效果。     

国医大师周仲瑛从痰瘀热结辨治系统性硬化症经验撷要

[目的] 总结国医大师周仲瑛从痰瘀热结复合病机治疗系统性硬化症的临证经验,为临床提供参考。[方法] 通过临床学习、收集整理周老治疗系统性硬化症的医案,从病因病机、辨机论治、用药特色等方面阐述周老治疗该病的临床经验,并举医案一则加以佐证。[结果] 周老认为,系统性硬化症的病机关键为痰瘀热结,病理因素以“痰、瘀、热”为主导,三者转化相兼,复合为患,贯穿病程始终;根据病情进展及病理因素的演变,治疗多从痰瘀热结复合病机入手。痰瘀内生,胶结为患,治宜化痰祛瘀、逐邪蠲痹;痰热蕴结,热扰则发,治宜清化痰热、宣痹散结;瘀热相搏,血热鸱张,治宜凉血散瘀、寓透于清;伤阴耗气,虚热内生,治宜益气养阴、扶正祛邪。文中所附验案,周老辨为痰瘀热结、风湿痹阻、气阴两伤证,治以化痰祛瘀、透热蠲痹、益气养阴,方用白薇煎合秦艽鳖甲散加减。[结论] 国医大师周仲瑛倡导辨证宜首重病机,从痰瘀热结复合病机辨治系统性硬化症,复法合治,灵活遣方,疗效显著,其经验值得传承推广。     

论瘀毒阻络是络病形成的病理基础

络脉系统是维持机体内稳态的功能性网络,络病是以络脉阻滞为特征的一类疾病,邪入络脉标志着疾病的发展和深化,其基本的病理变化是虚滞、瘀阻、毒损络脉。本文以血管性痴呆和糖尿病血管病变作为研究络病的切入点,发现不仅久病可入络,急症也存在着虚、瘀、毒结、痹阻络脉等入络入血的病理变化,并推测血管内皮损伤以及血管与血液成分之间相互作用的失调可能是络病形成的病理生理基础之一     

刘健应用健脾益肾清热通络法治疗强直性脊柱炎临床经验

刘健在强直性脊柱炎的治疗上积累了丰富的临床经验,其认为脾肾亏虚、湿热痹阻是本病活动期的病理机制,脾肾亏虚是致病之本,湿热痹阻是致病之标,虚实夹杂、痰瘀互结贯穿疾病始终。故在整个治疗过程中,注重标本兼治、攻补兼施,以健脾化湿、祛痰化瘀、通经活络之法贯穿始终。验案体现了刘健治疗强直性脊柱炎“从脾论治”的临床经验,其应用健脾益肾清热通络法治疗强直性脊柱炎,临床疗效良好,值得推广学习。     

基于"毒邪致痹"理论探讨金明秀教授治疗活动期骨关节炎经验

骨关节炎是一种慢性退行性疾病.金明秀教授认为,活动期骨关节炎以实证为多,病因病机为毒邪侵袭或损伤经络,致经脉痹阻而导致骨痹.本病多以毒邪为患,治以解毒排毒之法,方用四妙散合五味消毒饮加减,临床有明显疗效.     

痰瘀相关学说与络病

络病多以络脉损伤为基础,气血瘀阻为特征,脏腑功能失调为临床表现。其基本病理变化多是络脉郁滞,并伴有痰、湿、瘀、毒等病邪的聚集。络脉是络病的中心环节,痰瘀互结是络脉损伤的基本演变过程。任何原因导致的络脉损伤均可引起气血运行障碍,从而加重痰浊、瘀血痹阻,二者相互影响,相互促进。     

支气管扩张症中医辨证治疗概要

基于长期临床实践,总结了支气管扩张症基本病机为痰瘀毒痹积损,正虚邪实间杂并相互影响。正虚为肺气虚、脾气虚、气阴两虚等,日久不复而又生痰、瘀;邪实为痰热、痰浊、瘀血,日久累积酿毒、痹阻肺气,复伤肺之形气。常见证候为实证类(痰热壅肺证、痰浊阻肺证)、正虚邪恋类(肺气虚证、肺脾气虚证、气阴两虚证)、兼证类(血瘀证)三证类六证候,急性加重期则以实证类为主而常兼虚证,缓解期则为正虚邪恋而常兼实证。     

肝硬化湿热瘀毒郁结复合病机的理论及临床应用研究

探讨了肝硬化湿热瘀毒郁结复合病机理论的科学内涵与临床应用,认为湿热瘀毒复合病机是肝硬化进程演化中的核心病机,瘀热是肝硬化湿热瘀毒郁结复合病机中的关键环节。并对肝硬化湿热瘀毒郁结复合病机的现代医学病理生物学基础进行了探讨,提出了清化湿热瘀毒法辨治肝炎-肝纤维化-肝硬化的临床思路,揭示了清化湿热瘀毒法对肝硬化形成和加重过程中免疫及炎症反应网络的多环节调控作用机理,为中医病机理论的创新研究提供示范。      

张杰治疗肺癌经验

肺癌的发病首先要责之于痰热之邪长期郁滞于肺。痰邪蕴滞于肺,久而不化,则凝结成块,形成肿物,肺、脾、肾三脏同病。正虚为本,邪实为标。虚主要有气虚、阴虚、气阴两虚、阴阳两虚,邪多为毒、瘀、痰、热之邪。治宜攻补兼施,选药需病证兼顾。中晚期肺癌的治疗宗旨是扶正祛邪。痰盛者必有咳嗽、痰多等症,常选用杏仁、贝母、桔梗、天南星、半夏、百部等化痰之品;热盛者必有痰黄、咯血、口干咽燥等症,常选用黄芩、白茅根、夏枯草等清热之品;瘀着者常有胸疼、咯血等症,常选用桃仁、三七、郁金、蒲黄、茜根、血竭等化瘀之品;毒甚者必有发热、痰多而黄、咳吐脓血、口干渴等症,常选用金荞麦、白花蛇舌草、半枝莲、石见穿、夏枯草、白重楼、猫爪草、蜀羊泉、藤梨根等解毒之品。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.