术前选择性髂内动脉栓塞治疗骨盆肿瘤

目的：探讨术前选择性髂内动脉栓塞在骨盆肿瘤手术治疗中的价值。资料与方法：对12例骨盆肿瘤患者，采用明胶海绵作选择性髂内动脉栓塞，栓塞后平均2．7天手术。结果：本组病例中7例骶尾部肿瘤施行了双侧选择性髂内动脉栓塞，5例髂骨部肿瘤施行了单侧选择性髂内动脉栓塞。12例中11例获得了术中明显减少出血的效果，肿瘤得以彻底切除，术中失血量平均为751ml。结论：术前选择性髂内动脉栓塞对骨盆部肿瘤能明显的减少术中出血，提高手术切除率，是一种安全有效的辅助治疗手段。     

双侧髂内动脉栓塞在骨盆肿瘤化疗栓塞中的临床应用

目的 :探讨双侧髂内动脉栓塞在骨盆肿瘤化疗栓塞中的临床应用价值。方法 :对 2 3例骨盆肿瘤患者采用Co bra或Yashiro导管进行超选择插管 ,找出肿瘤的所有供血动脉 ,然后根据血供进行超选择性灌注化疗 ,并用明胶海绵随机对其中 11例患者进行所有肿瘤供血动脉的选择性栓塞 (单纯栓塞组 ) ;对其中 12例患者除进行所有肿瘤供血动脉的选择性栓塞外 ,还对双侧髂内动脉主干进行栓塞 (双侧髂内动脉栓塞组 ) ,栓塞后 2 4～ 4 8h由同一组医生进行手术 ,计算术中出血量与手术时间。结果 :双侧髂内动脉栓塞组手术中暴露肿瘤的出血量为 80± 2 6 6 3ml,术中总出血量为 775± 2 35 97ml,手术时间为 16 4 17± 2 6 4 4min ;单纯栓塞组上述指标分别为 2 0 0± 4 8 5 8ml、176 3 6 4± 390 5 7ml、2 2 8 18± 37 37min。双侧髂内动脉栓塞组明显少于单纯栓塞组 (P <0 0 0 1)。手术中术野更清楚 ,易剥离 ,出血少 ,缩短手术时间。术后随访 6～ 18个月未见肿瘤复发和转移。结论 :双侧髂内动脉栓塞法能有效减少骨盆肿瘤的术中出血 ,利于肿瘤彻底切除 ,结合化疗能减少肿瘤复发或转移 ,是一种有价值的术前辅助性治疗方法     

腰骶椎肿瘤的选择性动脉造影及栓塞治疗

目的 探索造反性动脉造影及化疗栓塞在腰骶肿瘤治疗中的应用价值。方法 搜集９例腰骶椎肿瘤病例，靠拢性腰动脉造影后，７例行明胶海绵栓塞，其中３例栓塞后行手术治疗。结果 选择性动脉造影可清楚显示肿瘤的大小及血供特点，３例栓塞后行手术治疗的病人，术中出血量大大减少，平均出血５６０ｍｌ，１例未栓塞病人出血量约３０００ｍｌ。４例非手术的病人，腰部疼痛明显减轻。结论 选择性动脉造影栓塞术在腰骶椎肿瘤治疗中具有较     

骨盆肿瘤血管造影特点及临床意义

目的　通过分析骨盆肿瘤血管造影表现及供血特点 ,指导动脉栓塞治疗和手术治疗 ,强调肿瘤血管“多支栓塞”的重要性。方法　对 12例骨盆肿瘤患者进行了局部动脉灌注化疗和碘油栓塞治疗 ,其中纤维肉瘤 1例 ,软骨肉瘤、骨肉瘤各 2例 ,转移瘤 7例 ,治疗前均行髂内动脉、髂外动脉和 /或腰动脉造影 ,治疗后造影复查血管闭塞及碘油沉积情况。术后观察临床效果。结果　 ( 1)血管造影表现特点 :a“多源多支”供血 :髂内动脉、髂外动脉及腰动脉均参与骨盆肿瘤供血 ;b“富血管性”表现 ;c肿瘤染色区域明显大于骨破坏区。 ( 2 )栓塞结果 :每例均进行了 2支以上供养血管栓塞 ,复查见供养血管完全闭塞 ,肿瘤染色明显减少 ,碘油沉积良好。 ( 3)临床效果 :临床效果显著 ,疼痛减轻 ,肿块缩小 ,无严重并发症发生。结论　骨盆肿瘤的供血特点对指导临床治疗具有重要意义。     

髂内动脉化疗栓塞联合经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术治疗晚期膀胱癌17例

目的评价经髂内动脉灌注化疗并栓塞治疗后联合经尿道膀胱肿瘤切除治疗晚期膀胱癌的疗效。方法对17例经CT检查及膀胱镜下肿块活检病理证实为肌层浸润的晚期膀胱移行细胞癌的患者,采用行经皮穿刺股动脉插管,用选择性插管技术经髂内动脉灌注化疗栓塞后再行经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切治疗膀胱癌17例。结果 17例晚期膀胱癌患者行经髂内动脉化疗栓塞治疗后,14例肿瘤体积有不同程度的缩小,3例术后肿块无明显改变,但血尿症状有明显减轻。17例患者均行经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切治疗,术后存活10～62(平均43.5)个月。结论对于老年晚期膀胱癌患者,可选择采用髂内动脉化疗栓塞治疗能缩小肿瘤体积,明显减少围手术期出血,结合经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术,能延长患者的生存时间,改善其生活质量,可以最大限度保留膀胱功能,并发症较少,是一种安全有效的姑息性治疗方法。     

Yashiro导管在骨盆肿瘤化疗栓塞中的临床应用

目的探讨Yash iro导管在骨盆肿瘤化疗栓塞中的临床应用价值。方法对23例骨盆肿瘤患者中11例Cobra导管不能完成同侧髂内动脉和骶正中动脉插管的患者采用Yash iro导管进行超选择插管,找出肿瘤的所有供血动脉,然后根据血供进行超选择性灌注化疗,并用明胶海绵随机对其中11例患者进行所有肿瘤供血动脉的选择性栓塞;对其中12例患者除进行肿瘤供血动脉的选择性栓塞外,还对双侧髂内动脉主干进行栓塞,栓塞后24~48 h由同一组医生切除肿瘤。结果Yash iro导管能明显缩短同侧髂内动脉和骶正中动脉的插管时间,所有病例均成功地完成靶血管的超选择插管;手术中易剥离,出血少,术野清楚,缩短了手术时间;术后随访6~18个月,未见肿瘤复发和转移。结论Yash iro导管能提高骨盆肿瘤介入治疗的效率,利于肿瘤彻底切除,减少肿瘤复发或转移,是一种安全有效的术前辅助性治疗方法。     

髂内动脉输注和栓塞对盆腔肿瘤诊治的价值

目的:通过分析髂内动脉造影和栓塞治疗效果,结合CT、腔镜及术后病检结果,初步评估髂内动脉输注和栓塞治疗盆腔肿瘤的价值。方法:12例盆腔肿瘤患者,行双侧髂内动脉造影、输注后,作单侧或双侧供血血管的超选择插管栓塞,重点观察其血管造影表现和栓后临床症状的改善情况、CT扫描变化及术后病理检查结果,评估其疗效。结果:9例富血管肿瘤(6例膀胱癌、2例宫颈癌及1例子宫内膜癌)显示有典型的血管增多、增粗、不规则且有显著的肿瘤染色而得以诊断,而后行栓塞治疗,6例栓后手术病理发现瘤体不同程度的坏死,3例未行手术的患者,B超、CT发现瘤体明显缩小,血尿或阴道出血停止并维持达二月。3例少血管肿瘤(膀胱癌),没有明显的血供异常,仅行化疗并在1周内手术。结论:髂内动脉化疗输注和栓塞对盆腔肿瘤有较好的治疗价值。     

术前动脉化疗栓塞在骶骨肿瘤治疗中的价值

目的评价骶骨肿瘤术前经导管超选择性动脉化疗栓塞的价值和作用方法28例骶骨肿瘤行术前化疗栓塞,随机选择直接行手术切除的骶骨肿瘤23例作为对照,就术中出血、手术时间及复发率进行对照研究结果本组28例化疗栓塞后造影均显示肿瘤血管、肿瘤染色明显减少,较栓塞前减少90%以上,全部病例均在化疗栓塞后2～4d内手术,术中失血量(1376±189.56)m,l手术时间(162.06±38.51)min与对照组比较,术前化疗栓塞可明显减少术中失血量,并能缩短手术时间,降低术后复发率结论超选择性动脉化疗栓塞手术治疗骶骨肿瘤能有效地减少术中出血,提高肿瘤手术切除率,是一种有效的方法     

外生型宫颈浸润癌介入治疗的探讨

目的探讨超选择性子宫动脉化疗栓塞治疗53例外生型宫颈浸润癌的意义。方法常规采用Seld ing's技术,经皮股动脉穿刺插管,髂内动脉造影及子宫动脉化疗栓塞治疗。结果超选择子宫动脉化疗栓塞治疗后突起子宫颈局部肿瘤大部分或全部坏死脱落。结论采用超选择性子宫动脉化疗栓塞是治疗中晚期宫颈癌的一种安全有效的方法。     

直肠癌术前介入化疗及栓塞的临床价值

目的 :评价直肠癌术前介入化疗及栓塞的意义 ,初步探讨栓塞后的最佳手术时间。方法 :采用Seldinger技术经股动脉插管 ,分别行肠系膜下动脉及双侧髂内动脉造影后 ,选择进入直肠上动脉及双侧直肠下动脉和 /或髂内动脉脏支 ,行药物灌注和栓塞。全部病例均于栓塞术后 72h内手术。结果 :11例直肠上段癌均见直肠上动脉增粗、迂曲 ,不规则的肿瘤血管及肿瘤染色 ;7例直肠中下段癌见直肠下动脉和 /或髂内动脉脏支增多 ,新生的异常肿瘤血管及肿瘤染色 ,栓塞后造影示肿瘤供血血管闭塞。手术中见直肠肠管肿胀、苍白、病灶段与正常肠管分界较清楚、肿块易于剥离 ,术中出血明显减少 ,未发现肠管缺血坏死。结论 :直肠癌术前化疗及栓塞可提高手术切除率 ,减少术中出血 ,提高远期疗效 ,且栓塞后 72h内为较佳的手术时间。     

Postoperative histologic evaluation of hepatocarcinoma treated using chemo-embolization]

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TAE) is generally considered to be an effective palliative treatment in patients with inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recently, TAE has also been performed on operable cases, in order to reduce the chances of recurrence. This study was aimed at evaluating the histopathologic changes following chemoembolization in surgically resected HCCs. Chemoembolization was performed by selective intra-arterial injection of Lipiodol-chemotherapeutic agent (Adriamycin), followed by terminal embolization with Spongostan, in 5 patients with operable HCC. All patients underwent Computed Tomography (CT) follow-up and subsequent partial hepatectomy. CT after chemoembolization accurately demonstrated no increase in tumor size in all patients. In all HCCs a thick fibrous capsule was found. Histopathology of the surgically resected HCCs demonstrated complete necrosis of the primary tumor in 4/5 cases; 1 HCC remained viable and tumor cells were found in a few daughter nodules surrounding the tumor. In 1 case there were viable tumor emboli in the small portal vessels around the tumor. In patients with resectable HCC, TAE was useful in preventing tumor growth and in thickening the capsule, thus making surgery safer and reducing the chances of recurrence.     

超选择子宫动脉化疗栓塞治疗宫颈癌的临床应用

目的探讨超选择子宫动脉化疗栓塞治疗宫颈癌的临床价值,并讨论其疗效与操作技术。方法对33例经病理证实的宫颈癌经双侧髂内动脉做局部灌注化疗,然后采用真丝线段做子宫动脉栓塞治疗,部分病例辅以明胶海绵栓塞髂内动脉。治疗后定期复查。结果完全缓解(CR) 部分缓解(PR)为96.9%(32/33),无变化(NC)为3.1%(1/33)。24例化疗栓塞后1~3月手术切除。结论超选择子宫动脉化疗栓塞治疗宫颈癌疗效好且副反应轻,采用真丝线段作为栓塞剂是安全和有效的。     

肝细胞癌肝动脉化疗栓塞术的疗效与HBV基因型相关性研究

目的　评估感染不同HBV基因型的肝细胞癌患者在接受相同的肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗后 ,疗效与预后的差异。方法　对感染HBV的HCC患者进行单纯的肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗 ,并通过肿瘤缩小率、局部复发率、累计生存率、AFP变化观察疗效。同时采用HBVS基因的PCR产物直接测序法进行HBV基因型分型 ,比较感染不同HBV基因型患者间的疗效差别。结果　经TACE治疗 ,HBVC基因型的HCC患者肿瘤缩小率与B基因型相似 (P =0 .0 99) ;B型的局部复发率低于C型 (P =0 .0 36 ) ;1年累计生存率两者之间无显著差异 ,但B型的 2、3年累计生存率明显高于C型 (P =0 .0 36和P =0 .0 13) ;AFP的变化两组相似 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　B基因型比C基因型对栓塞治疗有较好的疗效和预后 ,故有望将HBV基因型检测作为指导感染HBV的HCC患者TACE的治疗和预后判断的指标。     

骶骨肿瘤术前超选择性动脉灌注化疗栓塞的疗效

目的:评估骶骨肿瘤术前超选择性动脉灌注化疗栓塞的疗效。方法:将22例行术前超选择性动脉灌注化疗栓塞(栓塞组)和16例未行化疗栓塞(对照组)骶骨肿瘤患者手术中失血量、输血量、术后引流量、手术时长、并发症发生率、住院天数及总费用、术后1年内复发率进行对比分析。结果:栓塞组平均术中出血量、输血量、术后引流量、手术时间均优于对照组(P<0.05);栓塞组住院天数、住院费用与对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后骶神经损伤等并发症的发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);栓塞组的术后1年复发率明显低于对照组(P<0.05);术后组织病理学证实:栓塞组肿瘤组织均有不同程度坏死、变性、液化、假包膜形成。结论:骶骨肿瘤术前超选择动脉灌注化疗栓塞在不增加医疗费用的情况下有利于手术切除、减少术中出血、缩短手术时间、延长存活时间。     

骨盆肿瘤的碘油栓塞治疗(附12例报告)

目的 探讨骨盆肿瘤碘油栓塞治疗的可行性。材料与方法 对１２例骨盆肿瘤中层得进行局部动脉灌注化疗及多支肿瘤供血动脉的碘油栓塞治疗,并以明胶海绵或弹簧圈增强栓塞疗效。其中纤维肉瘤１例。软骨肉瘤、骨肉瘤各２例,转移瘤７例,结果 术后复查见肿瘤供养血管完全闭塞,肿瘤染色明显减少,瘤区明显碘油沉积,临床症状减轻,栓塞后手术出血量少,病检肿瘤组织部分坏死,无严重并发症。结论 碘油栓塞治疗骨盆肿瘤安全、可行、临     

Hepatocellular necrosis, apoptosis, and proliferation after transcatheter arterial embolization or chemoembolization in a standardized rabbit model

Purpose

To evaluate the effect of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization versus transcatheter arterial embolization on hepatocellular damage, apoptosis, proliferation, and proinflammatory response in a rabbit VX2 tumor model.

Materials and Methods

Rabbits implanted with VX2 tumors in left liver lobes were randomly divided into three groups: a control group (n = 9) that underwent infusion of distilled water into the left hepatic artery, an embolization group (n = 15) that underwent left hepatic artery embolization with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles, and a chemoembolization group (n = 15) that underwent left hepatic artery infusion of a mixture of 10-hydroxycamptothecin and iodized oil followed by PVA embolization. Serum and liver samples were collected at 6 hours, 3 days, and 7 days postoperatively. Liver damage was measured by liver function tests and histologic analysis. Ki-67 immunohistochemistry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling were performed to quantify proliferating and apoptotic cells. Serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)–α levels were measured to assess proinflammatory response.

Results

Compared with embolization, chemoembolization caused liver injury with a greater increase in serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels on days 3 and 7; histologic analysis showed increased hepatic necrosis in adjacent liver tissue beginning at day 3 and increased serum levels of TNF-α at 6 hours. By contrast, chemoembolization resulted in a slower increase in hepatocyte proliferation. Additionally, increased apoptotic hepatocytes were observed after embolization and chemoembolization.

Conclusions

In contrast to embolization, nonsuperselective transcatheter arterial chemoembolization increased hepatocellular damage and stimulated systemic proinflammatory cytokine release, but inhibited hepatocyte proliferation.     

大肠癌的超选择性动脉灌注化疗和栓塞治疗

目的 :对大肠癌的选择性动脉灌注化疗和栓塞治疗的临床价值进行探讨。方法 :对 2 0例大肠癌病人行选择性血管造影及超选择性插管化疗和明胶海绵栓塞 ;原发性大肠癌 14例于介入治疗后 1周内手术 ;复发性大肠癌 6例 ,行一次导管治疗 2例 ,二次 2例 ,三次 2例。结果 :14例化疗栓塞后根治性切除 12例 ,术中出血明显减少 ,姑息性化疗组临床症状明显改善。结论 :大肠癌超选择性动脉灌注化疗和栓塞可改善临床症状 ,提高手术切除率 ,是治疗大肠癌的有效方法之一。     

支气管动脉碘化油化疗栓塞肺癌

目的 探讨支气管动脉碘化油化疗栓塞治疗肺癌的可行性和疗效.方法 化疗栓塞33例肺癌,其中鳞癌20例,腺癌8例,小细胞癌1例,未定型4例;Ⅱ期5例,ⅢA期13例,ⅢB期11例,Ⅳ期4例.行支气管动脉插管,经导管灌入CDDP 80～100 mg、MMC 10 mg后,再将ADM 30 mg和2～10 ml碘化油(平均4.65 ml)混悬剂化疗栓塞.另外3例化疗栓塞后1周手术切除肿瘤.结果 化疗栓塞组CR2例,PR 21例,S 9例,P 1例,有效率(CR PR)69.7%.化疗栓塞后手术病理见肿瘤细胞大量坏死.未出现脊髓损伤等严重并发症.结论 本法治疗肺癌近期疗效较好,在良好的支气管动脉数字减影血管造影基础上谨慎进行.     

Renal vein to portal vein collaterals in three cases of renal cell carcinoma extending into the inferior vena cava: Consequences for chemoembolization

Three patients with renal vein and inferior vena cava (IVC) tumor thrombus from left renal cell carcinoma (RCC) showed Lipiodol deposits in the liver following selective SMANCS (styrene maleic acid neocarzinostatin)/Lipiodol embolization of the renal tumors. In 2 of the 3 patients, renal-portal communications were demonstrated during selective renal arteriography. In I of these patients, considerable liver dysfunction occurred after the second renal chemoembolization and Lipiodol deposits persisted in the liver for about 1 month. We conclude that these anastomoses need to be considered prior to embolization therapy of patients with RCC and tumor thrombus in the renal vein and IVC. Sclerosing substances or larger particles may be better embolic agents in such patients.     

Selective intra-arterial chemoembolization of pelvic and spine bone metastases

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of interventional palliative therapy by using chemoembolization on metastatic bone pain and tumor bulk in inoperable metastases where chemotherapy and radiotherapy had failed. Twenty-five patients (mean age: 59 years) underwent chemoembolization of symptomatic lytic lesions involving the spinal column (n=10), iliac bone and sacrum (n=15). The study design consisted of at least three procedures based on combined chemoembolization performed under analog-sedation. Therapeutic agents were carboplatin for selective chemotherapy and pirarubicin mixed with polyvinyl alcohol foam for chemoembolization. Fifteen of 18 (83%) patients had significant pain relief, as shown by the decrease of analgesic drug use. Mean clinical response duration was 12 months. Radiologically, ten patients were stable. A partial response was observed in four patients, while a complete response was seen in two others. Selective intra-arterial chemoembolization gives longer pain relief than embolization, compared to the literature data, probably because of partial response with local anti-cancer drugs.