西安地区女性HPV感染情况及其基因型分布特点研究

目的研究西安市女性HPV感染情况及其基因型分布特点,为HPV疫苗研制和宫颈癌防治提供可靠依据。方法于2016年8月23日-2017年6月20日收集西安市高新医院、凤城医院等8家医院的宫颈脱落细胞标本共1538例,采用人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)分型检测试剂盒(PCR-膜杂交法)对HPV病毒的DNA进行分型检测,统计并分析HPV整体感染情况、各基因型分布情况及不同年龄组感染情况。结果 1538例标本中HPV阳性共355例,阳性率为23.1%。HPV感染主要是高危型HPV感染,以单一感染为主,多重感染主要是二重感染。共检出18种HPV亚型,其中感染率较高的高危型是16型、39型和52型,低危型是81型和6型。不同年龄组HPV阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.08,0.01P0.025),其中30岁和60~70岁年龄组女性HPV感染率较高。结论西安市女性HPV感染及其基因型分布与其他地区存在差异,因此有针对性地研制和投放疫苗对降低宫颈癌发生率具有重要意义。     

湖北地区宫颈疾病患者HPV基因型及其年龄分布

目的:分析湖北地区宫颈疾病患者人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)感染的基因型分布及与年龄的关系。方法:4 314例宫颈疾病患者,年龄21-86岁,按5岁一组分为10组,收集各组宫颈脱落细胞样本,应用PCR-基因芯片技术进行HPV分型检测,统计分析各组HPV总感染率和各亚型感染率及其年龄分布特点。结果:HPV总感染率为28.86%(1 245/4 314)。以单纯高危型HPV(hrHPV)为主,感染率为23.78%(1 026/4 314),单纯低危型HPV(lrHPV)感染率只占2.30%(99/4 314),余为混合感染。高危型中又以HPV16型最多,感染率为9.23%(398/4 314),其次为HPV52和58型,感染率为5.42%(234/4 314)和4.75%(205/4 314)。HPV总感染率以21-25岁组(29.97%)和51-55岁组(31.75%)最高,最低为31-35岁组(25.19%)和65岁组(25.42%),但各组间差异无显著性(P0.05)。单一感染率明显较多重感染率高(20.91%vs 7.95%,P0.01)。结论:加强湖北地区宫颈疾病患者HPV感染的筛查和监测,有利于该地区女性人群生殖器疣和宫颈癌防治以及流行病学研究。     

不同年龄组宫颈病变21型别人乳头状瘤病毒DNA的观察分析

目的探讨不同年龄组不同类型宫颈病变中21型别HPV DNA的检测及意义。方法应用HybriM ax基因芯片导流杂交法检测71例宫颈病变中HPV DNA,年龄自20-64岁。宫颈病变分为鳞状上皮增生空变、尖锐湿疣、低级别C IN及高级别C IN。HPV DNA 21种型别被检测,其中高危15型,低危6型。结果71例宫颈病变中50例HPV DNA阳性（69%）;按年龄分类,HPV DNA检出的频次以20-25岁（81%）最高,31-40岁最低（56%）（P=0.286）。其中高危型及高低危混合型HPV感染62%,低危型感染7%。HPV感染率在鳞状上皮增生伴空泡变性中33%,尖锐湿疣92%,低级别C IN中89%,高级别C IN中100%（χ2=26.874,P=0.001）;其中高级别C IN中均为高危型HPV基因型阳性,阳性频次基因型依次为16、33、52、18;低度C IN病变HPV基因型依次为16、31、18、52、33、6、11等。单一型别感染率65%,多重型别感染率34%。结论HPV感染可发生于各年龄组,大多数HPV感染不引起宫颈病变,可自行清除。HPV感染与病变的类型明显相关,随着病变的加重,HPV阳性率增高,高危型HPV阳性率亦随之增高。宫颈高级别C IN HPV感染型别依次为16、33、52、18等;低级别依次为16、31、18、52等。     

人乳头瘤病毒基因型检测及其人群分布特征

目的 探讨河源地区女性感染人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）基因型分布,为预防HPV感染及临床诊治提供实验依据.方法 采用导流杂交技术对6745例宫颈脱落细胞标本行人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）分型检测.结果 检出HPV感染1 701例,总阳性率为25.20％,其中单一感染1 265例（74.40％）,多重感染436例（25.63％）,又以二重感染和单独高危型复合感染较为多见.六重感染和九重感染仅见于≤24岁年龄组,50岁以上年龄组均未见五重以上感染.HPV总阳性率、高危型HPV阳性率和低危型HPV阳性率均呈现“U”型特异性分布.受检21种亚型均被检出,常见的3种高危型为HPV52（25.69％）、HPV16（17.34％）和HPV58（15.52％）,2种低危型为HPV81 （8.23％）和HPV6 （6.94％）.各年龄组中最高感染率型别也有所差异.结论 河源地区受检女性HPV的感染率较高（25.20％）,多重感染者占25.63％.HPV总阳性率、高危型HPV阳性率和低危型HPV阳性率的年龄分布存在双峰现象,出现在≥60岁和≤24岁年龄组.最常见亚型是HPV52,不同年龄组HPV感染亚型分布略有不同.     

三明地区人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染FQ-PCR检测与宫颈病变的关系

目的通过对三明地区妇女感染HPV情况的调查,为三明地区妇女感染HPV的预防提供科学依据。方法采用聚合酶多重核酸扩增荧光检测方法检测女性宫颈口脱落细胞进行13种高危型,5种低危型人乳头瘤状病毒（HPV）检测和分型。结果在129例正常组女性宫颈口脱落细胞标本中,HPV高危型和低危型阳性总检出率为29.5%（38/129）,其中高危型检出率为31%,低危型为69%。421例各种不同宫颈病变总检出率为89.3%（376/421）。其中宫颈炎症高危型检出率52%,低危型为48%;CINⅠ高危型为74%,低危型为26%;CIN Ⅱ高危型为84%,低危型为16%;CIN Ⅲ高危型为92%,低危型为8%;宫颈鳞癌高危型为100%;宫颈腺癌高危型为100%;宫颈湿疣高危型为94%,低危型为6%。结论随着宫颈病变的加重,CIN级别的增加,HPV感染率上升,在较高级别的宫颈病变中,大多为高危型HPV感染。     

180例乳头状病毒分型结果分析

目的　为了解人类乳头状病毒 (HPV)HPV 6 /11低危型和HPV16 /18高危型感染及分别在男性和女性间的分布及载量的差异。方法　本文用荧光定量PCR方法研究了 180例HPVDNA阳性患者并对检测的结果进行了分析。结果　发现女性患者年龄稍低于男性 ,但无显著性差异 (P =0 .112 ) ,HPV16 /18高危型感染有低龄集中的特点。女性患者显著多于男性 (女性 :114 /180 =6 3.33% ;男性 :6 6 /180 =36 .6 7% ,P <0 .0 1=。HPV6 /11低危型感染稍高于HPV16 /18高危型感染(HPV6 /11低危型 :73/180 =4 0 .5 6 % ;HPV16 /18高危型 :70 /180 =38.89% ) ,但无显著差异。HPV6 /11低危型和HPV16 /18高危型单项感染均显著高于HPV 6 /11低危型和HPV16 /18高危型混合感染 (HPV6 /11/混合感染 =73/37,P <0 .0 1;HPV16 /18/混合感染 70 /37,P <0 .0 1;HPV6 /11+HPV16 /18/混合感染 =14 3/37=3.86 /1,P <0 .0 1=。HPV16 /18高危型感染拷贝数 (10 4左右 )低于HPV6 /11低危型感染拷贝数 (10 6左右 )。结论　女性感染显著多于男性 ;男女性间年龄无差异 ,HPV16 /18高危型感染有低龄集中的特点 ;HPV16 /18高危型病毒载量低于HPV6 /11低危型 ;P16 /18高危型感染与P6 /11低危型感染相同型别在男女两性间的感染各自所占比例相同 ;两性间相同型别病     

渝东南妇科女人乳头瘤病毒感染状况分析

目的:了解渝东南妇女人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染的基因型分布特点,为该片区HPV疫苗的研发和宫颈癌的防治提供可靠而科学的依据。方法:采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)和脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)反向点杂交相结合的DNA芯片技术对来自渝东南门诊妇科的5073例就诊者进行HPV感染及分型检测。结果:HPV总感染率为37.5%(1902/5073),其中单纯低危型感染率为6.8%(344/5073),以HPV6,81为主;高危型及混合感染率为30.7%(1558/5073),以其高危型检出频次前五位依次为16(21.9%),52(18.4%),58(17.6%),33(12.5%),18(9.1%)。共检出22种基因型,没检出82型;在各年龄组中,其感染率与年龄段呈U型曲线关系,高危型感染在50岁以上明显上升(X2=15.78,P0.005)。结论:HPV感染率及基因分型有一定的地域差异,该片区感染率较高,高危型及多重感染情况比较严重,基因分型符合亚洲人的特点,但也有各自特点。     

199例妇科门诊就诊者HPV多重感染检测结果分析

目的探讨芜湖市妇女HPV多重感染状况及基因型分布特点。方法采用核酸分子快速杂交分型技术对芜湖市弋矶山医院妇科门诊4991例就诊者进行HPV基因型的分型检测,并对其进行HPV亚型多重感染率及年龄分步的分析。结果4991例妇科门诊就诊者,共检出多重感染患者199例,多重感染阳性率3.99%,其中高危混合型、高低危混合型和低危混合型占多重感染的比例分别为60.8%、34.17%,5.03%,其中双重阳性感染者最多,为152例,占多重阳性感染者的比例为76.38%。在各个年龄组中,60岁以上的女性多重阳性检出率最高,为16.8%,各年龄组HPV多重感染差异有统计学意义(χ2=21.56,P<0.05)。结论芜湖地区女性HPV多重感染阳性率低,其中以高危混合型为主,对妇科门诊就诊者HPV检测,并进行多重感染的分析,对宫颈癌早期发现、预防及治疗具有重要意义。     

4562例女性高危型HPV检测结果分析

目的探讨南宁地区人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染状况及其临床特点。方法对2013年1月~12月在广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院就诊4562例患采用HCⅡ方法进行13种高危HPV检测。结果4562例患者中,高危型HPV感染率为18.94%，其中CIN、宫颈炎患者和健康体检感染率为93.33%、28.98%和10.27%(269/2619)，3组比较差异有统计学意义(<0.01)，高危型HPV感染率随着年龄的增加而明显降低。结论南宁地区妇女高危型HPV感染率较高，应加强HPV筛查及宫颈癌的预防。     

湖北襄阳地区女性宫颈高危型HPV感染分布情况及危险因素探讨

目的 分析高危型人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomaviruses,HPV)在湖北襄阳地区妇女中的感染率及感染年龄分布情况,以及危险因素.方法 以2012-2014年间在本院就诊的4689例患者为研究对象,采用cervista酶切信号放大法检测14种高危型的HPV.其中感染高危型HPV阳性病例则进一步分析HPV感染年龄分布情况以及其在子宫颈上皮非典型增生(CIN)、宫颈癌、宫颈炎患者中的感染情况,并结合病例资料分析HPV感染危险因素.结果 4689例患者中有950例感染高危型HPV,感染率为20.26％.HPV在宫颈癌患者中的感染率最高,其次为CIN,宫颈癌相较于其他两类患者感染率对比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).HPV以≥55岁者的感染率最高.初次性行为年龄过早、宫颈癌家族史、多产史、经常熬夜等均是HPV感染的影响因素.结论 湖北襄阳地区HPV感染率与LARC国际癌症研究协会公布的亚洲常见HPV感染率一致.在不同年龄段中,感染率最高的年龄组为55岁以上及25岁以下,宫颈癌、CIN患者HPV感染率较高,而经常熬夜、有宫颈癌家族史、初次性行为年龄过早等因素属于HPV感染危险因素.     

Secular change in menarche in women in Madrid

The age at menarche was estimated by recollection in 1617 women between the ages of 18 and 60 in Madrid and a nearby suburb, Pinto. The population of Pinto is working-class and the Madrid group, taken from residential neighbourhoods , belongs to the upper middle class. In both groups we found a diminution in average age at menarche, from 14.04 to 13.02 years in Madrid and from 14.55 to 13.16 years from about 1935 to about 1965 in Pinto. These changes have been more intense in the group which is less well-off economically, where living conditions have varied much more drastically.     

Experience in adult population in dengue outbreak in Delhi

A dengue outbreak has recently hit the Indian capital. We studied the clinical profile of adult patients. Five hundred and sixty patients of dengue infection were admitted in a specially created ward according to the criteria laid down by WHO. Haematemesis (28.28%), epistaxis (26.78%) and malena (14.28%) were some of the common presentations. Similarly lymphadenopathy, especially cervical (30.89%), palatal rashes (26.96%) and hepatomegaly (23.75%) were the most commonly encountered findings on physical examination. Most of the cases were of dengue fever with haemorrhage and only 2.5% cases were classified under dengue haemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome. The average hospital stay was 3.4 days but only 9.8 hours in the eleven patients who died, suggesting their late arrival in preterminal situation giving little time for resuscitation. Thrombocytopenia was not a feature and only 12.85% patients had platelet count less than 70,000/cmm. Most of the patients who were admitted with thrombocytopenia, showed normalization in their platelet counts in next few days. Serological examination demonstrated evidence of recent dengue infection in 41.17% patients. Few patients required blood or platelet concentrate transfusion. Eleven patients died, three due to DIC, one of intracranial haemorrhage and seven due to massive gastric haemorrhage. Rest of the patients recovered completely. Thus we can conclude that recent outbreak in Delhi was of dengue fever with haemorrhage and mortality was very low in patients who came early to the hospital.     

Changes in the hypothalamic nuclei in in experimental allergy

Summary In rabbits subjected to prolonged sensitization and in which the Arthus phenomenon was induced there was a marked reaction of the hypothalamic nuclei. Staining by Gomori's method indicated a cellular swelling, loss of granules, and protoplasmic vacuolization in the supraoptic nucleus. There was a considerable increase in the size of the cross-sectional area of the cells. The same effects were much less well shown in the paraventricular nucleus. These results show that marked signs of increased neurosecretion developed in the animals at the height of the Arthus phenomenon.(Presented by Active Member AMN SSSR V. V. Parin) Translated from Byulleten Éksperimental'noi biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 55, No. 4, pp. 110–113, April, 1963.     

Intestinal helminthiasis in school children in Haiti in 2002

A survey on intestinal helminths in school children was conducted in Haiti in 2002. This first nationwide study involving the entire country was stratified by department according to urban and rural zones using the cluster method. Focusing on elementary school children (n=5792; age range 3 to 20 years), it involved 26 urban and 49 rural schools randomly selected. Stools were preserved in formalin and examined by the Ritchie technique. Thirty-four per cent of stools (1981/5792) tested positive for intestinal helminths with the following parasites identified: Ascaris lumbricoides (27.3%), Trichuris trichiura (7.3%), Necator americanus (3.8%), Hymenolepsis nana (2%), Taenia sp. (0.3%) and Strongyloides stercoralis (0.2%). The helminth prevalence was higher in rural (38.4%) compared to urban areas (30%). There was no significant difference in prevalence by sex and age. The importance of geohelminths changed from one department to another with the highest prevalence found in the Southern department of Grande Anse (73.7%) and the lowest prevalence in the Center department (20.6%). Five out of the country's nine departments had a similar prevalence varying from 25.5% to 28.2%. Intestinal helminthic polyparasitism was observed in a percentage of infested school children comprise between 3.4% and 28.6% according in relation to the geographical area. A program to fight against geohelminths in school children should be initiated as a public health priority. Albendazole is the drug of choice. Frequency of drug distribution should be based on the prevalence of geohelminths in each department.     

Cerebellar noradrenergic systems in aging: studies in situ and in in oculo grafts

Age-related changes in noradrenergic function in the rat cerebellum were examined using electrophysiological and electrochemical techniques. Sprague-Dawley and Fischer 344 rats showed subsensitivity to norepinephrine (NE) locally applied onto cerebellar Purkinje neurons. The modulatory actions of NE on Purkinje cell-evoked activity was also examined. In young rats NE preferentially inhibits spontaneous activity more than evoked excitations when compared to control. These modulatory actions of NE are not seen in senescent Fischer 344 rats. The intrinsic vs. extrinsic influences determining the loss of efficacy to NE were examined using three groups of rats with in oculo cerebellar grafts. The first group had young grafts grown in young hosts and these grafts showed a potent response to perfused NE. The second group, old grafts in old hosts, showed a diminished responsiveness to NE with respect to the first group. The third group consisted of young grafts in old hosts. These grafts demonstrated a responsiveness to NE that was indistinguishable from those in the first group. The integrity of the presynaptic NE fibers was examined in the grafts using electrochemical techniques. No difference in the release of NE was observed in the old grafts. Taken together, these results suggest a loss of postsynaptic NE function that is intrinsically determined. The change in NE modulation could influence information processing within the aged cerebellar cortex. This deficit could underlie behavioral changes seen in senescence.