2型糖尿病患者非糖尿病一级亲属的胰岛素抵抗出现先于β细胞功能缺陷

目的 研究2型糖尿病患者非糖尿病一级亲属的胰岛素抵抗和胰岛β细胞功能的变化.方法 选取2型糖尿病患者一级亲属23名,其中糖耐量正常者10名(NGT组),糖耐量受损者13名(IGT组).以无糖尿病家族史的糖耐量正常者9名(NC组)为对照.应用高胰岛素-正葡萄糖钳夹技术和静脉葡萄糖耐量试验评估胰岛素抵抗和胰岛β细胞功能.结果 NGT组和IGT组的葡萄糖输注率(mg·kg-1·min-1)分别为(7.04±0.62)和(6.16±0.73),与NC组(10.22±0.93)相比明显降低(均P＜0.05).NGT组的第一时相胰岛素分泌量(对数转换)高于IGT组(3.87±0.24 vs 3.03±0.28,P＜0.05),NC组为(3.37±0.30).NGT组(1.43±0.22)与NC组(1.18±0.41)的葡萄糖处置指数(对数转换)明显高于IGT组(0.32±0.20,P＜0.01或P＜0.05),NC组与NGT组之间差异无统计学意义.结论 2型糖尿病患者非糖尿病一级亲属已经存在胰岛素抵抗,当胰岛素分泌不能代偿抵抗时开始出现糖耐量减退.     

2型糖尿病患者一级亲属胰岛素抵抗与胰岛B细胞功能缺陷的临床研究

目的探讨胰岛素抵抗与胰岛B细胞功能缺陷在2型糖尿病(T2DM)发生中的作用。方法收集2004年4月至2005年6月解放军总医院门诊及住院T2DM患者的既往无糖耐量异常史的一级亲属,其中糖耐量正常(NGT)组174例、空腹血糖受损(IFG)或糖耐量低减(IGT)组55例,以及12例新发T2DM与同期收集的59例新发T2DM合并为新发糖尿病(T2DM)组;以其无糖尿病家族史的配偶或无血缘关系亲友中糖耐量正常者114名作为正常对照(NC)组。酶联免疫法测定血清真胰岛素(trueinsulin,TI)、胰岛素原(proinsulin,PI)。用胰岛素抵抗指数(Homa-IR)评价胰岛素抵抗。用空腹胰岛素原与空腹胰岛素比值(PI/TI)及B细胞功能指数(Homa-B),评估胰岛B细胞功能状态,并做对比分析。结果一级亲属中NGT组与NC组相比,Homa-IR显著高于NC组,PI/TI及Homa-B显著低于NC组。而且从NC至NGT至IGT或IFG至DM组,胰岛素抵抗进行性加重。胰岛B细胞分泌缺陷进行性加重,PI/TI逐渐升高,但LnHoma-B下降直至T2DM组才具显著意义(NC组为4.40±0.60,T2DM组为3.38±0.96)。结论T2DM患者一级亲属作为糖尿病的高危人群,在发生糖代谢异常前就存在胰岛素抵抗和胰岛分泌功能缺陷,且胰岛素抵抗和胰岛分泌功能缺陷与T2DM的发病相关;胰岛素原比例增加以及胰岛素原与真胰岛素比值升高是反映胰岛分泌功能缺陷的早期标志。     

2型糖尿病患者一级亲属非糖尿病者游离脂肪酸水平和代谢特点

目的 探讨2型糖尿病家系一级亲属非糖尿病者血清游离脂肪酸(NEFA)的变化及影响因素.方法 测定186例2型糖尿病患者、565名2型糖尿病家系一级亲属非糖尿病者、149名正常对照者的血脂、血糖及胰岛素水平.结果 (1)一级亲属组空腹NEFA水平明显低于2型糖尿病组[(0.53±0.28 vs 0.63±0.31)mmol/L,P＜0.01],稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)明显高于正常对照组(0.98±0.51 vs 0.89±0.47,P＜0.01).(2)一级亲属组体重指数(BMI)、血糖及葡萄糖曲线下面积(AUCglu)较高者空腹NEFA明显高于较低者(均P＜0.05).(3)相关分析显示,一级亲属组空腹NEFA与BMI、收缩压、舒张压、AUCglu明显相关(r分别为0.12、0.148、0.21、0.281,均P＜0.05);多元逐步回归分析显示,AUCglu、舒张压、年龄是影响一级亲属组空腹NEFA水平的独立相关因素(均P＜0.01).结论 2型糖尿病家系一级亲属非糖尿病者已经存在胰岛素抵抗,后者与NEFA水平的升高密切相关.     

2型糖尿病病人的非糖尿病一级亲属胰岛β细胞功能和胰岛素抵抗的研究

目的　研究 2型糖尿病 (T2DM )及 2型糖尿病病人的非糖尿病一级亲属胰岛 β细胞功能、胰岛素抵抗 (IR)及早期胰岛素分泌功能 ,探讨其在糖尿病发生发展中的作用。方法　选取 59例正常对照组、58例T2DM病人糖耐量正常的T2DM病人一级亲属及 38例T2DM ,他们的体重指数 (BMI)均 <2 5kg/m2 ,计算并比较三组的血清胰岛素、血糖及稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数 (HOMA IR)、β细胞功能指数 (HOMA β)及胰岛早期分泌指数 (△I30 /△G30 )。结果　非肥胖的糖耐量正常的一级亲属组的HOMA IR均高于正常对照 (P <0 0 5) ,但低于T2DM组 ;而HOMA βTI一级亲属组低于对照组 (P <0 0 5) ,但高于T2DM组 (P <0 0 1 ) ;△I30 /△G30 显示一级亲属组低于对照组 (P <0 0 5)。结论　非肥胖 2型糖尿病一级亲属在糖耐量正常时就已经存在胰岛β细胞功能的受损、胰岛素抵抗及胰岛素早期分泌指数减低 ;IR并非继发于肥胖和高血糖症。     

糖尿病一级亲属脂联素和瘦素与胰岛素抵抗的相关性

目的　了解2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者一级亲属非糖尿病个体中瘦素、脂联素水平的变化,研究瘦素、脂联素与胰岛素抵抗(IR)的相关性。　方法　选取 153 例糖耐量正常者,其中无家族史的正常对照(NC)者41例,单纯父亲为糖尿病的一级亲属 36 例,单纯母亲为糖尿病的一级亲属 45例,双亲均为糖尿病的一级亲属31例。测定所有受试者血脂、血糖、胰岛素、瘦素、脂联素。　结果　T2DM患者一级亲属中3个亚组瘦素水平[(11±6)μg/L、(10±5)μg/L、(11±9)μg/L]高于 NC组[(8±6)μg/L](P<0 05),胰岛素抵抗指数(IRI)[(3.0±1.4)、(2.9±1.5)、(3 3±1 5)]高于 NC组[(2.0±0.8)](P<0.05),脂联素水平[(11±6)g/L、(10±6)g/L、(12±8) g/L]低于 NC组[(17±11)g/L](P<0.05)。一级亲属各组间的代谢指标差异无统计学意义。体质指数、瘦素、腰围、腰臀比、脂联素是 IRI的独立危险因素。　结论　T2DM患者一级亲属 IR程度显著高于无家族史者。脂联素与瘦素可能联合影响T2DM患者一级亲属的 IR程度。     

糖耐量正常的2型糖尿病一级亲属胰岛素敏感性与腹脂分布的相关性

目的 了解糖耐量正常的2型糖尿病一级亲属人群腹内脂肪面积(VA)与胰岛素敏感性的关系.方法 将糖耐量正常的2型糖尿病一级亲属按HOMR-IR划分为胰岛素敏感组(IS组)和胰岛素抵抗组(IR组).分别测定血脂、血糖、胰岛素、体重指数(BMI)、腰围(WC)、VA和腹部皮下脂肪面积(SA),计算VA/SA值和TA(腹部脂肪总VA+SA,稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数来评估胰岛素敏感性.结果 IR组空腹TG、VLDL较IS组有升高趋势,但无统计学意义(P＞0.05);糖负荷后2 h后,IR组TG、VLDL、ApoB明显升高,均有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).IR组30 min血糖、60 min血糖明显升高,有统计学意义(P＜0.01).腰围、VA、VA/SA、TA在IR组显著高于IS组,有统计学意义(P＜0.01).多元回归分析显示VA是胰岛素敏感性的独立相关因素.结论 胰岛素抵抗组在糖耐量正常阶段已经出现脂代谢、糖代谢异常和腹内脂肪增多.     

2型糖尿病患者正常糖代谢一级亲属胰岛素抵抗及其相关因素分析

目的　探讨 2型糖尿病 (T2DM)患者正常糖耐量 (NGT)一级亲属 (简称一级亲属 )胰岛素抵抗 (IR)及其与人体测量指数、血脂、肿瘤坏死因子 α(TNF α)、游离脂肪酸 (FFA)、瘦素 (Lep)等参数的关系。　方法　以NGT一级亲属 (58名 )为观察组 ,3 4名性别、年龄、体质指数 (BMI)与之相匹配的无糖尿病家族史的正常人为对照组 ,比较两组口服 75g葡萄糖耐量试验 (OGTT)中 0、60、90、12 0min血糖 (BG)、胰岛素 (Ins)、C肽 (CP) ,空腹血脂、TNF α、FFA、Lep以及用稳态模型法 (HOMA )计算的胰岛素抵抗指数 (HOMA IR) ,并进行相关性分析。　结果　 (1)一级亲属组比正常对照组血浆总胆固醇 (TC)、甘油三酯 (TG)显著升高 (P <0 .0 5,P <0 .0 1)。OGTT中 60、90、12 0minBG及 0minIns、CP显著高于正常对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。一级亲属组葡萄糖曲线下面积 [Glu(AUC) ]高于正常对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,而两组胰岛素曲线下面积 [Ins(AUC) ]比较差异无显著意义。一级亲属组HOMAIR为 3 .70± 1.94,较正常对照组 (2 .73± 0 .59)显著升高 (P <0 .0 1)。一级亲属组中血TNF α高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。 (2 )一级亲属组BMI <2 3、2 3≤BMI <2 5、BMI≥ 2 5三个亚组之间TG ,0、60、90、12 0minBG ,Ins,CP及HOMA IR ,血浆Lep随BMI的增加     

2型糖尿病一级亲属脂联素和胰岛素抵抗与冠心病相关性研究

目的 探讨2型糖尿病患者一级亲属正常糖耐量个体中脂联素水平的变化,研究脂联素和胰岛素抵抗与冠心病的关系.方法 对2型糖尿病患者一级亲属正常糖耐量合并冠心病患者、无冠心病患者、正常人进行血压、空腹血糖(FPG)、胰岛素(FINS)、甘油三酯(TG)、瘦素(Leptin)及脂联素的测定.结果 2型糖尿病一级亲属合并冠心病组和无冠心病组血清脂联素水平低于正常对照组,合并冠心病组血清脂联素水平低于无冠心病组.血清脂联素与血压、TG、Leptin、胰岛素抵抗指数呈负相关.结论 血清脂联素可能在2型糖尿病一级亲属胰岛素抵抗及心血管并发症的发生发展中有重要作用.     

2型糖尿病一级亲属血清脂联素、瘦素及其比值与胰岛素抵抗的相关性研究

目的 研究血清瘦素、脂联素与2型糖尿病(T2DM)一级亲属胰岛素抵抗(IR)相关性,探讨二者在T2DM发病中作用.方法 收集既往无糖耐量异常史的T2DM一级亲属, 分为糖耐量正常(NGT)组174例、空腹血糖受损(IFG)或糖耐量低减(IGT)组55例,及新发T2DM组71例;以其无糖尿病家族史的配偶或亲友中OGTT正常者114例作为正常对照组(NC).酶联免疫法测定上述人群的血清真胰岛素(TI)、瘦素和脂联素水平.用HOMA-IR评价胰岛素抵抗(IR)状态.结果 从NC至NGT、IGT/IFG到DM组,IR进行性加重(HOMA-IR分别为1.3±0.7、1.7±1.5、 2.2±1.4 和3.2±2.8,P＜0.01);血清瘦素水平进行性增高(P＜0.01),瘦素水平与HOMA-IR正相关(r=0.35, P＜0.01);血清脂联素水平进行性降低(分别为20±12、17±11、13±8和10±6mg/L,P＜0.01),与HOMA-IR负相关(r=-0.41,P＜0.01);脂联素/瘦素比值进性行降低,与HOMA-IR负相关(r=-0.53, P＜0.01). 结论 T2DM一级亲属在NGT时即存在瘦素水平升高和脂联素水平明显下降.脂联素/瘦素比值下降趋势与IR和糖调节受损的严重程度密切相关,推测该比值的变化可能是糖尿病一级亲属存在的固有遗传缺陷的一种表现,可能在IR和T2DM的发生发展中起重要作用,因而渴望作为预测T2DM发病的早期观察指标.     

初诊2型糖尿病一级亲属同型半胱氨酸与代谢指标的相关性研究

目的 研究2型糖尿病正常糖耐量一级亲属同型半胱氨酸（Hey）与代谢指标的相关性.方法 将入选病人分成三组,2型糖尿病组50例,2型糖尿病患者正常糖耐量一级亲属组45例,正常对照组48例.分别测定血清Hcy及相关代谢指标.结果 在校正年龄、BMI和腰围后,FPG、2hPG、HbAlc、HOMA-IR、TG和Hcy在正常对照组、一级亲属组和2型糖尿病组均呈增高趋势,而HOMA-β水平呈降低趋势（P＜0.05）.Hcy与BMI、FPG、2hPG、HOMA-IR呈正相关（P＜0.01）,与HDL-C呈负相关（P＜0.01）.结论 Hey与BMI、FPG、2hPG、HOMA-IR呈显著正相关,与HDL-C呈显著负相关,高Hcy水平可能与糖尿病一级亲属易发2型糖尿病有关.     

Islet Cell Antibodies and Beta-cell Function in Gestational Diabetic Women: Comparison to First-degree Relatives of Type 1 (Insulin-dependent) Diabetic Subjects

In order to further characterize women with islet cell antibodies (ICA) at the diagnosis of gestational diabetes (GDM), we aimed to compare titres and persistence as well as B-cell function with those of ICA+ first-degree relatives of Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic subjects. Titres at detection of ICA were compared between 69 women with GDM and 53 relatives. Persistence of ICA positivity was investigated in 33 ICA+ gestational diabetic women and 39 relatives (mean follow-up: 13 months). Assessment of the acute insulin response, through an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT), was carried out in 9 ICA+ women with previous GDM and normal oral glucose tolerance, and their results were compared to those of a control group (9 women) and a group of 12 adult ICA+ relatives. In comparison with first-degree relatives, women with GDM had a higher ICA prevalence, especially with titres of <20 JDF, and a similar persistence at follow-up. Women with ICA at diagnosis of GDM and normal oral glucose tolerance after pregnancy showed a decreased insulin response to glucose as compared to the control group. Results of the IVGTT closely paralleled those from adult ICA+ relatives. It is concluded that ICA+ gestational diabetic women share with ICA+ first-degree relatives of Type 1 diabetic subjects metabolic and immunologic disturbances.     

血清脂联素、瘦素水平与2型糖尿病家系胰岛素抵抗的关系

目的探讨2型糖尿病（T2DM）家系正常糖耐量一级亲属（简称一级亲属）血清脂联素、瘦素水平的变化，研究脂联素、瘦素与胰岛素抵抗（IR）的关系。方法收集T2DM家系45个。在排除DM和糖耐量减退的前提下，选择一级亲属为观察组（83例），先证者或其同胞的配偶为正常对照组（76例），检测所有受试者脂联素、瘦素水平，计算胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA—IR）。结果观察组的脂联素水平显著低于对照组（P〈0．01），HOMA—IR、瘦素显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）。相关分析显示，脂联素与瘦素呈负相关。多元线性逐步回归分析显示，脂联素、瘦素是影响T2DM家系一级亲属IR的独立危险因素。结论T2DM家系一级亲属在未发生DM时已存在IR抵抗，脂联素与瘦素都参与了IR发生过程。     

Lower beta-cell secretion in physically active first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetes patients

Regular physical activity may prevent or postpone type 2 diabetes, and is thought to be related to an increase of insulin sensitivity. We studied whether physically active, glucose-tolerant first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetes patients differ in glucose tolerance (oral glucose tolerance test [OGTT]) and insulin secretion (hyperglycemic glucose clamp) from less active first-degree relatives. A group of 37 relatives was split into 2 subgroups according to the sex-specific median of the sports index, assessed by a questionnaire, as the cutoff point. Blood glucose levels during the OGTT were lower in the highly active subgroup versus the less active counterparts (multivariate ANOVA [MANOVA], P = .011), but the plasma insulin levels were similar. First-phase secretion was not different in the highly active group versus the less active group, but second-phase secretion (average plasma insulin in the third hour) was significantly lower (P = .016). As expected, the insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was higher in the highly active subgroup (P= .011). Subdivision into subgroups with high or low maximal O2 consumption (VO2max) resulted in similar differences, but these were not significant. In a group of 21 controls, the results resembled the values in the relatives but were less often statistically significant. In conclusion, regular physical activity not only is associated with increased insulin sensitivity but also downregulates the pancreatic beta cell. This downregulation may provide an extra mechanism by which physical activity diminishes the development of type 2 diabetes.     

Postprandial hypertriglyceridemia and insulin resistance in normoglycemic first-degree relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes.

BACKGROUND: Impaired ability to eliminate lipids in the postprandial state is an atherogenic trait associated with insulin resistance. OBJECTIVE: To assess insulin sensitivity and postprandial triglyceride metabolism in prediabetic persons. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Sahlgrenska University Hospital, G?teborg, Sweden. PARTICIPANTS: 13 healthy, normotriglyceridemic men with two first-degree relatives with type 2 diabetes and 13 carefully matched controls without known diabetes heredity. MEASUREMENTS: Oral glucose tolerance test, insulin sensitivity (euglycemic clamp technique), and fasting and postprandial triglyceride levels after a mixed meal. RESULTS: Relatives of persons with type 2 diabetes were insulin resistant but had normal glucose tolerance. They exhibited postprandial hypertriglyceridemia; the 6-hour triglyceride incremental area under the curve was 50% higher than that of the control group (P = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS: These healthy male first-degree relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes are insulin resistant and exhibit postprandial lipid intolerance despite having normal fasting triglyceride levels. These characteristics, which occur in the absence of glucose intolerance, are associated with an increased risk for macroangiopathy.     

B-Cell Function and Islet Cell and Other Organ-Specific Autoantibodies in Relatives to Insulin-Dependent Diabetic Patients

ABSTRACT The pancreatic B-cell function (glucose tolerance, C-peptide release) and organ-specific autoantibodies, including islet cell cytoplasmic and cell surface (mouse), were studied in 45 first-degree relatives of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus diagnosed before the age of 30 years. Compared to 107 healthy persons without any family history of either insulin-dependent or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, the prevalence of autoantibodies was increased among the relatives. The prevalence of islet cell antibodies did not differ between relatives and controls and none of the individuals had complement-fixing islet cell antibodies. There was no difference in glucose tolerance or C-peptide release between relatives and controls, whether they had autoantibodies or not. At a three-year follow-up, none of the individuals had developed insulin-dependent diabetes.     

2型糖尿病家系一级亲非糖尿病同胞的血脂水平研究

目的 研究２型糖尿病（２型ＤＭ）家系一级亲非ＤＭ同胞的血脂变化。方法 收集江浙籍２型ＤＭ家系３２０个。在排除ＤＭ和糖耐量减退（ＩＧＴ）的前提下,选择先让者同胞为观察组（３４７例）,先证者或其同胞的配偶为对照组（３２６例）,并按年龄和ＢＭＩ分成亚型,进行血脂水平比较。结果 ２型ＤＭ家系一级亲非ＤＭ同胞ＴＧ、ＴＣ,ＬＤＬ水平升高,ＨＤＬ水平降低,年龄超过４０岁以后尤其明显。结论 ２型ＤＭ家系一级亲在糖     

2型糖尿病先证者腰臀比对遗传表型的影响

目的 探讨2型糖尿病先证者腰臀比对糖耐量正常一级亲属的胰岛素抵抗及胰岛β细胞功能的影响.方法 选择186个2型糖尿病核心家系中的先证者和489名糖耐量正常的一级亲属.根据先证者腰臀比的四分位数,分别选取最低四分位数腰臀比的先证者(男性<0.86,女性<0.84)的一级亲属115名(为FDRl组)和最高四分位数腰臀比的先证者(男性>0.92,女性>0.89)的一级亲属106名(为FDR2组)进行研究.应用稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、△I30/△G30(△I30:30 min胰岛素增值,△G30:30 min血糖增值)、△I30·△G-1<30·HOMA-IR-1来分别评估胰岛素敏感性和胰岛β细胞功能.结果 FDR2组的体重指数、女性一级亲属的腰围以及腰围/身高比值(WHtR)、收缩压、甘油三酯、HOMA-IR均高于FDRl组,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、△I30/△G,,30>、△I30·△G-130·HOMA-IR-1均低于FDRl组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01).相关分析显示两组中腰围、WHtR均与HOMA-IR呈正相关.最小平方回归分析显示,FDR2组中HOMA-IR与腰围、WHiR间回归直线斜率显著高于FDRI组(均P<0.01).结论 较高腰臀比的2型糖尿病先证者的糖耐量正常一级亲属可能具有更明显的胰岛素抵抗表型特点和β细胞功能降低,同时腹型肥胖轻度增加可能会带来更加明显的胰岛素抵抗.     

2型糖尿病患者一级亲属第一时相胰岛素分泌及其组分的变化

目的　探讨 2型糖尿病糖耐量正常的一级亲属胰岛素分泌第一时相和组分的变化 ,及其与2型糖尿病的关系。方法　以口服糖耐量正常的糖尿病一级亲属 (B组 ,3 5例 ) ,新诊断的 2型糖尿病患者(C组 ,3 5例 )及健康人群对照 (A组 ,2 1例 )为研究对象 ,放免法测定各组空腹及静脉葡萄糖耐量试验后血清免疫活性胰岛素 (IRI) ,ELISA法测定胰岛素原 (PI)、真胰岛素 (TI)水平。结果　 (1)空腹血清IRI、PI水平 :B组与A组间差异存在显著性 (均P <0 .0 5 ) ;TI水平 :B组与A组间差异无显著性 ;空腹血清IRI、TI水平 :B组与C组间差异无显著性 ;空腹PI :B组与C组间差异存在显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。 (2 )糖负荷后胰岛素分泌第一时相 :IRI及TI水平在B组与A组间差异无显著性 ;在B组与C组间差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;PI水平在B组与A组 ,A组与C组 ,B组与C组间均差异无显著性。结论　 2型糖尿病糖耐量正常的一级亲属可能存在 :(1)空腹高IRI血症及胰岛素抵抗 ;(2 )空腹胰岛素分泌组分存在异常 ,表现为空腹高PI血症 ;(3 )胰岛素分泌第一时相的IRI、TI、PI与正常人群相近 ;(4 )空腹血清PI可以作为 2型糖尿病的早期预测指标。     

1型糖尿病一级亲属胰岛自身抗体筛查与胰岛β细胞功能研究

419名1型糖尿病患者一级亲属进行葡萄糖耐量试验,采用放射配体法检测谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体(GADA)、酪氨酸磷酸酶抗体(IA-2A)与胰岛素自身抗体(IAA),检出率分别为7.16%、1.43%与1.26%.其中11名抗体阳性一级亲属(Ab+组)、14名抗体阴性一级亲属(Ab-组)与39名对照者分别于5～7 d内进行IVGTT与那格列奈-葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT).Ab+组第一时相胰岛素分泌[FPIR(4.80±0.24对5.25±0.66)mU/L]、10 min内胰岛素曲线下面积AUC0-10[(6.18±0.30对6.61±0.63)mU·min-1·L-1]与胰岛素净增值/血糖净增值比值[ΔI30/ΔG30(2.75±0.37对3.61±1.05)mU/mmol]低于对照组(均P＜0.05).Ab+组1 min胰岛素释放低于Ab-组[(3.80±0.30对4.52±0.70)mU/L,P＜0.05].Ab-组稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)高于正常对照组(2.92±1.04对1.96±1.22,P＜0.05).提示本组1型糖尿病一级亲属胰岛自身抗体检出率与欧美白种人接近.胰岛自身抗体阳性一级亲属可能存在一定程度的胰岛β细胞功能减退,抗体阴性一级亲属可能存在一定程度的胰岛素抵抗.

Abstract：

Oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)was performed in 419 first-degree relatives(FDRs)of type 1 diabetes mellitus. GADA, IA-2A, and IAA were determined by radioligand assay, and the positive rates were 7.16%, 1.43%, and 1.26%, respectively. Intravenous glucose tolerance test(IVGTT)and nateglinide-OGTT were performed in 39 controls, 11 first-degree relatives with positive autoantibody(Ab+group), 14 ones with negative autoantibody(Ab-group)during 5-7 days.The first-phase insulin release(FPIR), area under insulin release during 0-10 min [AUC0-10] of IVGTT and the value of(ΔI30/ΔG30)of nateglinide-OGTT in Ab+group were lower than those of control and(2.75±0.37 vs 3.61±1.05)mU/mmol, all P＜0.05]. The 1st min insulin release in Ab+group was lower than that of Ab-group [(3.80±0.30 vs 4.52±0.70)mU/L, P＜0.05]. The HOMA-IR was higher in Ab-group than that in control group(2.92±1.04 vs 1.96±1.22, P＜0.05). The results suggest that the positivity rates of autoantibodies in FDRs of type 1 diabetes mellitus are very close to those of Caucasian. There exist insulin secretion defects in FDRs with positive autoantibody while insulin resistance in FDRs with negative autoantibody.