鞘内注射吗啡加可乐定对切口痛大鼠脊髓背角蛋白激酶A催化亚单位表达的影响

Objective To observe the effect of intrathecal clonidine plus morphine on expression of protein kinase A (PKA) catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn in a rat model of incisional pain. Methods Eighty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into five groups: sham group, control group, pre-incisional morphine 2.5 μg group, pro-incisional clonidine 5 μg group and preincisional morphine 2.5 μg plus clonidine 5 lag group (n=16). lntrathecal catheter and the model of incisional pain were pro-duced according to Yaksh and Brennan's described method respectively. Changes of pain behavior were assessed by mechanical with-drawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency(TWL). The expressions of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were assessed by immunohistochemical method and western blotting analysis. Results Compared with sham group, MWT and TWL in control group were decreased significantly at 2 h after incision (P<0.01) and the number of positive cells and protein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were increased significantly in control group (P<0.01). Compared with control group, MWT and TWL in pre-incision morphine 2 μg plus clonidine 5 lag group were increased significantly at 2 h after incision (P<0.01) and the number of positive cells and protein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were decreased significantly in pre-incision morphine 2 μg plus clonidine 5 μg group (P<0.01). However, MWT, TWL and the number of positive cells and pro-tein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn changed with no statistical significance in pre-incisional morphine 2.5 μg group and pre-incisional clonidine 5 μg group compared with control group. Conclusion lntrathecal clonidine significantly enhances the antinociceptive effect of intrathecal morphine in a rat model of incisional pain, which might be associated with inhibi-tion of the increased expression of PKA catalytic subunit in spinal cord.     

鞘内注射吗啡加可乐定对切口痛大鼠脊髓背角蛋白激酶A催化亚单位表达的影响

Objective To observe the effect of intrathecal clonidine plus morphine on expression of protein kinase A (PKA) catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn in a rat model of incisional pain. Methods Eighty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into five groups: sham group, control group, pre-incisional morphine 2.5 μg group, pro-incisional clonidine 5 μg group and preincisional morphine 2.5 μg plus clonidine 5 lag group (n=16). lntrathecal catheter and the model of incisional pain were pro-duced according to Yaksh and Brennan's described method respectively. Changes of pain behavior were assessed by mechanical with-drawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency(TWL). The expressions of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were assessed by immunohistochemical method and western blotting analysis. Results Compared with sham group, MWT and TWL in control group were decreased significantly at 2 h after incision (P<0.01) and the number of positive cells and protein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were increased significantly in control group (P<0.01). Compared with control group, MWT and TWL in pre-incision morphine 2 μg plus clonidine 5 lag group were increased significantly at 2 h after incision (P<0.01) and the number of positive cells and protein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were decreased significantly in pre-incision morphine 2 μg plus clonidine 5 μg group (P<0.01). However, MWT, TWL and the number of positive cells and pro-tein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn changed with no statistical significance in pre-incisional morphine 2.5 μg group and pre-incisional clonidine 5 μg group compared with control group. Conclusion lntrathecal clonidine significantly enhances the antinociceptive effect of intrathecal morphine in a rat model of incisional pain, which might be associated with inhibi-tion of the increased expression of PKA catalytic subunit in spinal cord.     

鞘内注射吗啡加可乐定对切口痛大鼠脊髓背角蛋白激酶A催化亚单位表达的影响

Objective To observe the effect of intrathecal clonidine plus morphine on expression of protein kinase A (PKA) catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn in a rat model of incisional pain. Methods Eighty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into five groups: sham group, control group, pre-incisional morphine 2.5 μg group, pro-incisional clonidine 5 μg group and preincisional morphine 2.5 μg plus clonidine 5 lag group (n=16). lntrathecal catheter and the model of incisional pain were pro-duced according to Yaksh and Brennan's described method respectively. Changes of pain behavior were assessed by mechanical with-drawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency(TWL). The expressions of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were assessed by immunohistochemical method and western blotting analysis. Results Compared with sham group, MWT and TWL in control group were decreased significantly at 2 h after incision (P<0.01) and the number of positive cells and protein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were increased significantly in control group (P<0.01). Compared with control group, MWT and TWL in pre-incision morphine 2 μg plus clonidine 5 lag group were increased significantly at 2 h after incision (P<0.01) and the number of positive cells and protein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were decreased significantly in pre-incision morphine 2 μg plus clonidine 5 μg group (P<0.01). However, MWT, TWL and the number of positive cells and pro-tein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn changed with no statistical significance in pre-incisional morphine 2.5 μg group and pre-incisional clonidine 5 μg group compared with control group. Conclusion lntrathecal clonidine significantly enhances the antinociceptive effect of intrathecal morphine in a rat model of incisional pain, which might be associated with inhibi-tion of the increased expression of PKA catalytic subunit in spinal cord.     

鞘内注射吗啡加可乐定对切口痛大鼠脊髓背角蛋白激酶A催化亚单位表达的影响

Objective To observe the effect of intrathecal clonidine plus morphine on expression of protein kinase A (PKA) catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn in a rat model of incisional pain. Methods Eighty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into five groups: sham group, control group, pre-incisional morphine 2.5 μg group, pro-incisional clonidine 5 μg group and preincisional morphine 2.5 μg plus clonidine 5 lag group (n=16). lntrathecal catheter and the model of incisional pain were pro-duced according to Yaksh and Brennan's described method respectively. Changes of pain behavior were assessed by mechanical with-drawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency(TWL). The expressions of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were assessed by immunohistochemical method and western blotting analysis. Results Compared with sham group, MWT and TWL in control group were decreased significantly at 2 h after incision (P<0.01) and the number of positive cells and protein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were increased significantly in control group (P<0.01). Compared with control group, MWT and TWL in pre-incision morphine 2 μg plus clonidine 5 lag group were increased significantly at 2 h after incision (P<0.01) and the number of positive cells and protein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were decreased significantly in pre-incision morphine 2 μg plus clonidine 5 μg group (P<0.01). However, MWT, TWL and the number of positive cells and pro-tein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn changed with no statistical significance in pre-incisional morphine 2.5 μg group and pre-incisional clonidine 5 μg group compared with control group. Conclusion lntrathecal clonidine significantly enhances the antinociceptive effect of intrathecal morphine in a rat model of incisional pain, which might be associated with inhibi-tion of the increased expression of PKA catalytic subunit in spinal cord.     

鞘内注射吗啡加可乐定对切口痛大鼠脊髓背角蛋白激酶A催化亚单位表达的影响

Objective To observe the effect of intrathecal clonidine plus morphine on expression of protein kinase A (PKA) catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn in a rat model of incisional pain. Methods Eighty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into five groups: sham group, control group, pre-incisional morphine 2.5 μg group, pro-incisional clonidine 5 μg group and preincisional morphine 2.5 μg plus clonidine 5 lag group (n=16). lntrathecal catheter and the model of incisional pain were pro-duced according to Yaksh and Brennan's described method respectively. Changes of pain behavior were assessed by mechanical with-drawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency(TWL). The expressions of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were assessed by immunohistochemical method and western blotting analysis. Results Compared with sham group, MWT and TWL in control group were decreased significantly at 2 h after incision (P<0.01) and the number of positive cells and protein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were increased significantly in control group (P<0.01). Compared with control group, MWT and TWL in pre-incision morphine 2 μg plus clonidine 5 lag group were increased significantly at 2 h after incision (P<0.01) and the number of positive cells and protein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were decreased significantly in pre-incision morphine 2 μg plus clonidine 5 μg group (P<0.01). However, MWT, TWL and the number of positive cells and pro-tein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn changed with no statistical significance in pre-incisional morphine 2.5 μg group and pre-incisional clonidine 5 μg group compared with control group. Conclusion lntrathecal clonidine significantly enhances the antinociceptive effect of intrathecal morphine in a rat model of incisional pain, which might be associated with inhibi-tion of the increased expression of PKA catalytic subunit in spinal cord.     

鞘内注射吗啡加可乐定对切口痛大鼠脊髓背角蛋白激酶A催化亚单位表达的影响

Objective To observe the effect of intrathecal clonidine plus morphine on expression of protein kinase A (PKA) catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn in a rat model of incisional pain. Methods Eighty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into five groups: sham group, control group, pre-incisional morphine 2.5 μg group, pro-incisional clonidine 5 μg group and preincisional morphine 2.5 μg plus clonidine 5 lag group (n=16). lntrathecal catheter and the model of incisional pain were pro-duced according to Yaksh and Brennan's described method respectively. Changes of pain behavior were assessed by mechanical with-drawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency(TWL). The expressions of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were assessed by immunohistochemical method and western blotting analysis. Results Compared with sham group, MWT and TWL in control group were decreased significantly at 2 h after incision (P<0.01) and the number of positive cells and protein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were increased significantly in control group (P<0.01). Compared with control group, MWT and TWL in pre-incision morphine 2 μg plus clonidine 5 lag group were increased significantly at 2 h after incision (P<0.01) and the number of positive cells and protein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were decreased significantly in pre-incision morphine 2 μg plus clonidine 5 μg group (P<0.01). However, MWT, TWL and the number of positive cells and pro-tein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn changed with no statistical significance in pre-incisional morphine 2.5 μg group and pre-incisional clonidine 5 μg group compared with control group. Conclusion lntrathecal clonidine significantly enhances the antinociceptive effect of intrathecal morphine in a rat model of incisional pain, which might be associated with inhibi-tion of the increased expression of PKA catalytic subunit in spinal cord.     

鞘内注射吗啡加可乐定对切口痛大鼠脊髓背角蛋白激酶A催化亚单位表达的影响

Objective To observe the effect of intrathecal clonidine plus morphine on expression of protein kinase A (PKA) catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn in a rat model of incisional pain. Methods Eighty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into five groups: sham group, control group, pre-incisional morphine 2.5 μg group, pro-incisional clonidine 5 μg group and preincisional morphine 2.5 μg plus clonidine 5 lag group (n=16). lntrathecal catheter and the model of incisional pain were pro-duced according to Yaksh and Brennan's described method respectively. Changes of pain behavior were assessed by mechanical with-drawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency(TWL). The expressions of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were assessed by immunohistochemical method and western blotting analysis. Results Compared with sham group, MWT and TWL in control group were decreased significantly at 2 h after incision (P<0.01) and the number of positive cells and protein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were increased significantly in control group (P<0.01). Compared with control group, MWT and TWL in pre-incision morphine 2 μg plus clonidine 5 lag group were increased significantly at 2 h after incision (P<0.01) and the number of positive cells and protein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were decreased significantly in pre-incision morphine 2 μg plus clonidine 5 μg group (P<0.01). However, MWT, TWL and the number of positive cells and pro-tein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn changed with no statistical significance in pre-incisional morphine 2.5 μg group and pre-incisional clonidine 5 μg group compared with control group. Conclusion lntrathecal clonidine significantly enhances the antinociceptive effect of intrathecal morphine in a rat model of incisional pain, which might be associated with inhibi-tion of the increased expression of PKA catalytic subunit in spinal cord.     

鞘内注射吗啡加可乐定对切口痛大鼠脊髓背角蛋白激酶A催化亚单位表达的影响

Objective To observe the effect of intrathecal clonidine plus morphine on expression of protein kinase A (PKA) catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn in a rat model of incisional pain. Methods Eighty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into five groups: sham group, control group, pre-incisional morphine 2.5 μg group, pro-incisional clonidine 5 μg group and preincisional morphine 2.5 μg plus clonidine 5 lag group (n=16). lntrathecal catheter and the model of incisional pain were pro-duced according to Yaksh and Brennan's described method respectively. Changes of pain behavior were assessed by mechanical with-drawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency(TWL). The expressions of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were assessed by immunohistochemical method and western blotting analysis. Results Compared with sham group, MWT and TWL in control group were decreased significantly at 2 h after incision (P<0.01) and the number of positive cells and protein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were increased significantly in control group (P<0.01). Compared with control group, MWT and TWL in pre-incision morphine 2 μg plus clonidine 5 lag group were increased significantly at 2 h after incision (P<0.01) and the number of positive cells and protein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were decreased significantly in pre-incision morphine 2 μg plus clonidine 5 μg group (P<0.01). However, MWT, TWL and the number of positive cells and pro-tein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn changed with no statistical significance in pre-incisional morphine 2.5 μg group and pre-incisional clonidine 5 μg group compared with control group. Conclusion lntrathecal clonidine significantly enhances the antinociceptive effect of intrathecal morphine in a rat model of incisional pain, which might be associated with inhibi-tion of the increased expression of PKA catalytic subunit in spinal cord.     

鞘内注射吗啡加可乐定对切口痛大鼠脊髓背角蛋白激酶A催化亚单位表达的影响

Objective To observe the effect of intrathecal clonidine plus morphine on expression of protein kinase A (PKA) catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn in a rat model of incisional pain. Methods Eighty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into five groups: sham group, control group, pre-incisional morphine 2.5 μg group, pro-incisional clonidine 5 μg group and preincisional morphine 2.5 μg plus clonidine 5 lag group (n=16). lntrathecal catheter and the model of incisional pain were pro-duced according to Yaksh and Brennan's described method respectively. Changes of pain behavior were assessed by mechanical with-drawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency(TWL). The expressions of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were assessed by immunohistochemical method and western blotting analysis. Results Compared with sham group, MWT and TWL in control group were decreased significantly at 2 h after incision (P<0.01) and the number of positive cells and protein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were increased significantly in control group (P<0.01). Compared with control group, MWT and TWL in pre-incision morphine 2 μg plus clonidine 5 lag group were increased significantly at 2 h after incision (P<0.01) and the number of positive cells and protein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were decreased significantly in pre-incision morphine 2 μg plus clonidine 5 μg group (P<0.01). However, MWT, TWL and the number of positive cells and pro-tein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn changed with no statistical significance in pre-incisional morphine 2.5 μg group and pre-incisional clonidine 5 μg group compared with control group. Conclusion lntrathecal clonidine significantly enhances the antinociceptive effect of intrathecal morphine in a rat model of incisional pain, which might be associated with inhibi-tion of the increased expression of PKA catalytic subunit in spinal cord.     

甲泼尼龙预干预脊髓缺血再灌注损伤对热休克蛋白27和肿瘤坏死因子α表达的影响

Objective To observe the effect of methylprednisolone (MP) pre-intervention on ex-pressions of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in cells in rat spinal cord following ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods One hundred and fifty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 equal groups: group A (control) in which the abdominal aorta was exposed without any treatment, group B in which the abdominal aorta was clipped for 30 minutes before reperfusion for 3 bours to establish a model of ischemia- reperfusion injury, and group C in which intravenous MP injection was conducted 30 minutes before the establishment of the ischemia-reperfusion injury model. Three hours later the spinal cords were harvested. Pathological changes of spinal cord cells were observed with HE staining and expressions of HSP27 and TNF-α in spinal cord cells were observed with immunohistochemical staining. The motor function of hind-limbs before was evaluated before sample harvest. The data were analyzed with SPSS software. Results There were significant differences between groups A and B in the expressions of TNF-α and HSP27. Compared with group B, the expression of TNF-α decreased and HSP27 increased in group C, with statistically significant differences between the 2 groups. The motor function score of hind-limbs decreased in group B but improved in group C. Conclusions Since MP can decrease the expression of TNF-α and up-regulate the expression of HSP27, it has a potency of neuro-protection. Spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury can be avoided or decreased after MP pre-intervention.     

鞘内注射加巴喷丁对切口痛大鼠吗啡镇痛效应的影响

目的 探讨鞘内注射加巴喷丁对切口痛大鼠吗啡镇痛效应的影响.方法 雄性SD大鼠,体重250g～280 g,取鞘内置管成功的大鼠48只,随机分为6组(n=8):假手术组(S组)鞘内注射人工脑脊液(ACSF)10μl后,吸人1.4%异氟烷5 min,不制备模型;切口痛组(IP组)、加巴喷丁50μg组(G组)、吗啡2.5μg组(M1组)和吗啡5μg组(M2组)于制备切口痛模型前30 min分别鞘内注射ACSF10μl、加巴喷丁50μg、吗啡2.5μg和5μg;加巴喷丁50μg+吗啡2.5μg组(G+M1组)于制备模型前30 min鞘内注射加巴喷丁50μg和吗啡2.5μg.模型制备后2 h时测定术侧机械缩爪反射阈值(MWT)和热刺激缩爪反应潜伏期(TWL).结果 与S组比较,IP组、G组、M1组MWT降低,TWL缩短(P＜0.05),G+M1组和M2组MWT和TWL差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);与IP组比较,G+M1组和M2组大鼠MWT升高,TWL延长(P＜0.05),G组和M1组MWT和TWL差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);与G+M1组比较,G组和M1组MWT降低,TWL缩短(P＜0.05).结论 鞘内注射加巴喷丁可增强吗啡对切口痛大鼠的镇痛效应.     

脊髓背角γ-氨基丁酸转运体-1在大鼠骨癌痛中的作用

目的 评价脊髓背角γ-氨基丁酸转运体-1 (GAT-1)在大鼠骨癌痛中的作用.方法 清洁级健康雌性SD大鼠80只,体重150～180 g,采用随机数字表法,将其随机分为5组(n=16):假手术组(Ⅰ组);骨癌痛组(Ⅱ组)采用胫骨上段骨髓腔接种Walker-256乳腺癌细胞的方法制备大鼠骨癌痛模型;假手术+ GAT-1选择性抑制剂NO-711组(Ⅲ组)和骨癌痛+NO-711(Ⅳ组)于术后第14天鞘内注射NO-711 20 μg,1次.d,连续3d;骨癌痛+生理盐水组(Ⅴ组)于术后第14天鞘内注射10μl生理盐水,1次/d,连续3d.于术前1d、术后第3、5、7、10、14、16天时测定大鼠机械痛阈,术后第16天机械痛阈测定后处死大鼠,取腰段脊髓,采用Western blot法检测脊髓GAT-1的表达,采用免疫荧光双标法观察Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组大鼠患侧脊髓GAT-1和星形胶质细胞标志物胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)免疫反应阳性产物的共表达.结果 与Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组比较,Ⅱ组、Ⅳ组和Ⅴ组术后第7～ 16天机械痛阈降低,Ⅱ组和Ⅴ组术后GAT-1表达上调(P＜0.05);与Ⅱ组和Ⅴ组比较,Ⅳ组术后第16天鞘内给药后机械痛阈升高,脊髓背角GAT-1表达下调(P＜0.05);与Ⅰ组比较,Ⅱ组患侧脊髓GFAP和GAT-1共表达增加(P＜0.05).结论 脊髓背角GAT-1的表达上调参与了大鼠骨癌痛的形成与维持,该作用可能与脊髓星形胶质细胞的活化有关.     

鞘内注射吗啡加可乐定对切口痛大鼠脊髓背角蛋白激酶A催化亚单位表达的影响

目的 观察鞘内注射(intrathecal injection,IT)吗啡加可乐定对切口痛大鼠脊髓背角蛋白激酶A(protein kinaseA,PKA)催化亚单位表达的影响.方法 选择鞘内置管成功的雄性SD大鼠80只,随机分为5组,每组16只,分别为假手术组、对照组、吗啡2.5μg组、可乐定5 μg组和吗啡2.5 μg+可乐定5μg组.按Yaksh法鞘内置管,按Brennan法制作大鼠足底切口疼痛模型,用机械缩爪反射阈值(mechanical withdrawal threshold.MWT)和热缩爪潜伏期(thermal withdrawal latency,TWL)观察疼痛行为学变化,应用免疫组织化学法和免疫印迹法测定大鼠脊髓背角PKA催化亚单位表达的变化.结果 与假手术组比较,术后2h对照组大鼠的MWT明显降低,TWL明显缩短(P<0.01),脊髓背角PKA催化亚单位免疫反应阳性神经元数量和神经元胞浆内PKA催化亚单位表达明显增加(P<0.01);与对照组比较,吗啡2.5μg+可乐定5μg组大鼠的MWT明显增加,TWL明显延长(P<0.01),脊髓背角PKA催化亚单位免疫反应阳性神经元数量和神经元胞浆内PKA催化哑单位表达明显减少(P<0.01);而吗啡2.5μg组和可乐定5μg组大鼠的MWT、TWL、脊髓背角PKA催化亚单位免疫反应阳性神经元数量和神经元胞浆内PKA催化亚单位表达与对照组比较均无统计学意义.结论 在大鼠切口痛模型中,IT可乐定能增强吗啡的抗伤害作用,其机制可能与其抑制切口痛引起的脊髓背角PKA催化亚单位的表达增加有关.     

炎性痛敏触发术后持久伤害性敏化模型的建立

目的通过建立改良外周炎性痛敏触发切口痛后持久伤害性敏化的动物模型,动态观察术前痛敏对切口痛后持久伤害性敏化大鼠疼痛行为学及脊髓水平蛋白激酶Mζ（PKMζ）的表达变化。 方法雄性SD大鼠28只,随机分为非触发组和触发组,各14只。非触发组大鼠脚底注射0.9%氯化钠溶液5 μl,触发组大鼠脚底注射1%角叉菜胶5 μl。两组分别于实验前、炎性痛敏后1~6 d以及切口痛后1~10 d观察大鼠对机械和伤害性热刺激的疼痛行为学变化;分别于切口痛前及后1、3、10 d观察脊髓PKMζ的表达。 结果实验前所有大鼠机械刺激缩爪阈值（MWT）和热刺激缩足反射潜伏期值（TWL）差异无统计学意义。触发组大鼠在注射1%角叉菜胶5 μl后出现了短暂的痛阈降低,并于3 d后恢复到基础值;两组大鼠切口痛后均出现活动频繁、跛行、舔咬手术切口等异常行为,与术前比较,两组大鼠的MWT、TWL均明显降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。但在切口术后5 d,非触发组大鼠的MWT、TWL逐渐升高,于术后10 d恢复至术前水平,而触发组大鼠MWT、TWL在各时间点均低于非触发组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,并且这种差异一直持续到观察结束。与非触发组及术前相比,触发组大鼠脊髓背角PKMζ含量迅速升高（P<0.05）,并一直维持较高水平至观察结束。非触发组大鼠脊髓背角中PKMζ含量与术前比较差异无统计学意义。术前大鼠脊髓背角中PKMζ免疫阳性细胞均有少量表达,主要分布于脊髓背角浅层。与非触发组及术前相比,术后10 d触发组大鼠脊髓背角浅层PKMζ的免疫阳性细胞数明显增加（P<0.05）,非触发组脊髓背角浅层PKMζ的免疫阳性细胞数虽有所增加,但数量明显低于触发组（P<0.05）。 结论术前外周炎性痛敏可以触发切口痛后大鼠持久伤害性的敏化状态;脊髓背角PKMζ特异性抑制剂ZIP可以抑制这一敏化状态,这一作用与其特异性抑制脊髓水平PKMζ的表达有关。     

姜黄素对大鼠神经病理性痛的影响

目的 探讨姜黄素对大鼠神经病理性痛的影响.方法 健康雄性SD大鼠108只,体重220～250 g,随机分为6组(n=18):对照组(C组)、假手术组(S组)、慢性压迫性损伤组(CCI组)和不同剂量姜黄素组(Cur1组、Cur2组和Cur3组).C组腹腔注射二甲基亚砜4 ml·kg-1·d-1,持续14 d;S组只分离坐骨神经,然后腹腔注射二甲基亚砜4 ml·kg-1·d-1,持续至术后14 d;CCI组术后腹腔注射二甲基亚砜4 ml·kg-1·d-1,持续至术后14 d;Cur1组、Cur2组或Cur3组术后分别腹腔注射姜黄素30、100、300 mg·kg-1·d-1,持续至术后14 d,姜黄素以二甲基亚砜溶解.于术前2 d和术后1、3、5、7、10、14d时测定热缩足反应潜伏期(TWL)和机械缩足反应阚值(MWT).各组于术后3、7、14 d时各处死6只大鼠,免疫组化法测定脊髓背角和背根神经节中磷酸化c-jun氨基末端蛋白激酶(p-JNK)和c-jun的表达.结果 与CCI组比较,Cur1组和Cur2组术后MWT升高,背根神经节和脊髓背角p-JNK和c-jun表达下调,Cur2组术后TWL升高(P<0.05);与Cur1组比较,Cur2组术后TWL升高,背根神经节和脊髓背角p-JNK和c-jun表达均下调(P<0.05),MWT差异无统计学意义(P0.05).结论 姜黄素30、100mg/kg可减轻大鼠神经病理性痛,100 mg/kg效果更明显,其机制可能与抑制脊髓背角和背根神经节p-JNK和c-jun表达上调有关.     

吗啡联合加巴喷丁对持续性术后痛大鼠脊髓Toll样受体4表达的影响

目的研究鞘内注射吗啡联合加巴喷丁（gabapentin,GBP）对持续性术后痛大鼠脊髓Toll样受体4（toll-likereceptor4,TLR4）表达的影响。方法选择鞘内置管成功的雄性sD大鼠100只,体重200g-250g,采用随机数字表法随机分为5组（每组20只）：假手术组（S组）、持续性术后痛组[皮肤／肌肉切口和牵拉（skin／muscle incision and retraction,SMIR）组]、SMIR组十鞘内吗啡组（M组）、SMIR组＋鞘内GBP组（G组）和SMIR组＋鞘内吗啡联合GBP组（M±G组）。S组和SMIR组于术前30min和术后1d-3d鞘内注射人工脑脊液（artificial cerebrospinal fluid, ACSF）20μl,1次／d;M组、G组和M组＋G组于术前30min和术后1d-3d分别鞘内注射吗啡2．5μg、GBP50μg和吗啡2．5μg联合GBP50μg,1次／d;采用Flatters法建立大鼠SMIR持续性术后痛模型;于术前1d及术后3、7、12d和22d测定机械缩足反应阈值（mechanical withdrawal threshold,MWT）;采用Western印迹法检测脊髓TLR4蛋白表达的变化。结果与术前及S组比较,SMIR组、M组、G组大鼠术后3、7、12d和22dMWT明显降低[术后12dMWT分别为（54．9±7．7）、（26．1±4．3）、（30．9±4．1）、（31．6±3．8）g]（P〈0．05）,术后3、7、12d脊髓TLR4蛋白表达明显增加[术后7dTLR4分别为（22．4±1．1）、（73．9±5．6）、（71．3±3．2）、（70．4±4．5）]（P〈0．05）,而SMIR组、M组、G组间比较差异均无统计学意义;与SMIR组、M组和G组比较,M＋G组大鼠术后3、7、12dMWT明显升高[分别为（49±6）、（47±7）、（43．8±2．9）g]（P〈0．05）,术后3、7、12d脊髓TLR4蛋白表达则明显较低[分别为（42．6±2．2）、（56．8±3．0）、（38．6±4．8）]（P〈0．05）。结论在SMIR持续性术后痛大鼠中,鞘内吗啡联合GBP的镇痛作用可能与抑制脊髓TLR4表达有关。     

姜黄素对大鼠糖尿病神经病理性痛的效应

目的 评价姜黄素对大鼠糖尿病神经病理性痛(DNP)的效应.方法 雄性SD大鼠48只,随机分为6组(n=8):正常对照组(C组)、DNP组(D组)、DNP+二甲基亚砜组(DD组)和DNP+姜黄素50、100、200 mg/kg组(DC50组、DC100组和DC200组).D组、DD组、DC50组、DC100组和DC200组采用腹腔注射链唑霉素75 mg/kg的方法 制备糖尿病神经病理性痛模型,注射链唑霉素后14 d开始腹腔注射二甲基亚砜(姜黄素的溶媒)或相应剂量姜黄素,1次/d,连续2周.分别造模前2 d、注射链唑霉素后14 d、姜黄素给药1、3、7、14 d时测定机械缩足痛阚(MWT)和热缩足潜伏期(TWL),最后一次测定痛阈后处死大鼠,测定脊髓背角和背根神经节细胞核磷酸化JNK(p-JNK)和NF-кB p65的表达水平.结果 与C组相比,D组各时点MWT降低,TWL缩短,脊髓背角和背根神经节细胞核p-JNK和NF-кB p65表达上调(P<0.05).与D组相比,DC50组、DC100组和DC200组姜黄素给药期间MWT升高,TWL延长,且与剂量有关,脊髓背角和背根神经节细胞核p-JNK和NF-кB p65表达下调(P<0.05).结论 姜黄素可减轻大鼠糖尿病神经病理性痛,其机制可能与抑制脊髓背角和背根神经节JNK和NF-кB的激活有关.     

脊髓NMDA受体在大鼠糖尿病神经病理性痛中的作用

目的 评价脊髓NMDA受体在大鼠糖尿病神经病理性痛中的作用.方法 雌性Wistar大鼠,月龄3月,体重180～220 g,腹腔注射链脲菌素65 mg/kg制备糖尿病大鼠神经病理性痛模型.取模型制备成功的大鼠96只,随机分为3组(n=32):糖尿病神经病理性痛组(D组)、p38MAPK抑制剂组(I组)和NMDA受体阻断剂组(M组),另取32只正常大鼠作为对照组(C组).模型制备成功后每周一上午,I组和M组分别腹腔注射p38MAPK抑制剂SB203580 1 mg/kg、NMDA受体阻断剂MK-8011 mg/kg,1次/周,直至处死大鼠.各组分别于模型制备成功后第1、3、5、7周(T1～4)末随机取8只大鼠,采用yon Frey纤维丝测定双后足机械缩足反应阚值(MWT),采用肌电图仪测定左侧坐骨神经传导速度(NCV)后处死大鼠;取L3～6的背根神经节和脊髓,采用免疫组化法和Western blot法检测p38MAPK磷酸化水平,采用RT-PCR法检测NMDA受体1(NR1)mRNA表达.结果 与C组比较,D组、I组和M组T1～4时MWT降低,NCV减慢,p38MAPK磷酸化水平升高,NR1 mRNA表达上调(P<0.05);与D组比较,I组和M组MWT升高,NCV加快,T2～4时I组和M组p38MAPK磷酸化水平降低,M组NR1 mRNA表达下调(P<0.05).结论 脊髓NMDA受体激活可能通过p38MAPK信号通路参与大鼠糖尿病神经病理性痛的维持.     

脊髓背角P2Y1受体在大鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

目的 评价脊髓背角P2Y1受体在大鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用.方法 鞘内置管成功的雌性SD大鼠90只,体重150～180 g,随机分为5组(n=18):假手术组(Ⅰ组)、骨癌痛组(Ⅱ组)、假手术+P2Y1受体特异性拮抗剂MRS 2179组(Ⅲ组)、骨癌痛+生理盐水组(Ⅳ组)和骨癌痛+MRS2179组(Ⅴ组).采用胫骨骨髓腔内接种Walker256乳腺癌细胞的方法制备骨癌痛模型.Ⅲ组和Ⅴ组术后第7～9天鞘内注射MRS2179 100 pmol/10μl,1次/d,Ⅳ组注射等体积生理盐水.于术前及术后第3、7、9、12、15、18天给药后测定机械痛阈,于术后第9天测定机械痛阈后处死6只大鼠,取L4～6脊髓背角,测定P2Y1受体和磷酸化细胞外信号调节蛋白激酶1/2(p-ERK1/2)的表达.结果 与Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组比较,Ⅱ组、Ⅳ组和Ⅴ组术后第7～18天机械痛阈降低,P2Y1受体和p-ERK1/2表达上调(P＜0.01);与Ⅱ组和Ⅳ组比较,Ⅴ组术后第9～18天机械痛阈升高,P2Y1受体和p-ERK1/2表达下调(P＜0.01).结论 脊髓背角P2Y1受体参与了大鼠骨癌痛的形成,可能与ERK1/2的激活有关.     

关节炎慢性吗啡耐受大鼠脊髓背角谷氨酸转运体3型的表达

目的观察谷氨酸转运体3型(EAAT3)在关节炎慢性吗啡耐受大鼠脊髓背角表达的变化。方法36只健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为六组,每组6只,行鞘内置管。其中的四组制成佐剂性关节炎模型,分别经鞘内给予生理盐水(A组)、吗啡10μg/kg(B组)、吗啡20μg/kg(C组)、吗啡10μg/kg加纳洛酮10μg/kg(D组);另外两组非致炎大鼠分别经鞘内给予生理盐水(E组)、吗啡20μg/kg(F组)。各组给药均为每日2次,连续7d。动态检测大鼠50%缩爪阈值,以免疫组化方法检测脊髓背角EAAT3表达。结果B、C组关节炎大鼠在鞘内给予吗啡第7天形成较稳定的吗啡耐受,其脊髓背角EAAT3表达下降。结论脊髓EAAT3可能参与炎性痛大鼠慢性吗啡耐受的形成机制。