人工神经网络在药物控释系统研究中的应用

目的　介绍人工神经网络在药物控释系统研究中的应用。方法　查阅相关文献,总结、归纳国内外人工神经网络在药物控释系统中的应用。结果　人工神经网络能优化处方组成和工艺过程,使其在控释片剂、控释微粒以及透皮吸收中得到应用。结论　人工神经网络在设计和开发药物控释系统中具有广阔的前景     

生物可降解聚合物及其在药物纳米控释系统中的应用

目的：介绍生物可降解聚合物及其在药物纳米控释系统中的应用。方法：查阅可降解聚合物及其在药物纳米控释系统中应用研究的国内外献。结果：医用纳米控释系统作为药物的载体具有很多优点，如它可通过组织间隙并被细胞吸收，可通过人体最小的毛细血管，具有明显的药物缓释效果及较小的不良反应，因而作为新的控释系统而被广泛研究。结论：生物可降解聚合物在药物纳米控释系统中的应用具有广阔的发展前景。     

缓控释给药系统中高分子聚合物的应用

综述了高分子聚合物在生物降解给药系统、前体药物、膜控制剂、骨架制剂、透皮贴剂和药树脂微囊等缓、控释给药系统中的应用.     

微凝胶的制备及其在药物缓控释系统中的应用

微凝胶是一种具有分子内交联网状结构,粒径在0.1~100 μm之间的功能性聚合物,具有粒径小、载药量高、环境响应性灵敏、生物相容性好等特点,在药物缓控释系统中的应用具有独特优势。笔者在查阅近年国内外文献的基础上综述了微凝胶的基本特性、制备方法、制备材料及在药物缓控释系统中的应用。     

离子交换树脂在药剂学中的应用进展

离子交换树脂药物载体在给药系统中的应用由于具有很多优点而得到了人们的重视。目前在控释、透皮给药、定位给药、速溶、离子导入透皮、鼻腔、局部给药和掩盖药物苦味等方面都有很深入的研究，在缓控释给药中占有特殊的地位。综述了这一药物载体在给药系统和作用部位应用的新进展，并对其应用前景进行了展望。     

缓释、控释药物制剂的使用现状分析及应用进展

目的通过对缓释、控释药物的临床应用情况进行观察,分析和总结其应用进展情况。方法通过对2010年4月至2012年10月在我院就诊的150例患者进行问卷调查和病例采集,调查统计缓释、控释的在临床中的使用情况。结果在150例患者中,使用缓释、控释药物的患者有38例,所占比例为25.33%,不使用缓释、控释药物的患者有112例,比例为74.67%,在临床上的使用率并不是很高。但是浪宁、倍他乐克、泰白以及拜新同等缓释、控释药物使用比较多,主要用于治疗呼吸系统疾病、心血管疾病以及糖尿病等。结论缓释、控释药物在临床中的使用范围有限,使用率不高,但是在治疗一些慢性疾病方面具有较大作用。     

分子印迹聚合物在缓控释给药系统中的应用

分子印迹聚合物是一类对目标分子具有特异选择性的高分子聚合物。随着分子印迹技术的进步,分子印迹聚合物已被用于设计新型药物传递系统,其在缓控释给药系统中的应用显示出巨大潜力,正受到越来越多的关注。该文综述近年来分子印迹聚合物在药物控释传递系统中的研究进展。     

药用高分子在缓控释制剂中的应用现状

<正>缓控释制剂的发展除与制药设备的不断发展、革新有关外,药用高分子在该类制剂中也是不可分割的重要组成部分。近年来,一些新型高分子材料的研究和应用使缓控释制剂步入了定时、定向、定位、速效、高效、长效的精密化给药阶段,出现了口服渗透泵控释制剂、脉冲式释药系统、环境敏感型定位释药系统、结肠定位给药系统等新型缓控释制剂。辅料的成分、组成与结构对药物的释放性能有很大的影响,因此在缓控释制剂中合理应用新型高分子材料,就具有重要的意义。1药用高分子作为药物载体药用高分子的广泛研究和应用,促进了缓控释制剂的快     

药物控释剂及其释药方式的类型分析

当今医药界习惯于将药物剂型分为四代:Ⅰ.普通剂;Ⅱ.缓释剂;Ⅲ.控释剂;Ⅳ.靶向剂.这种分法其实不够科学,割裂了缓释剂、控释剂和靶向剂之间的内在联系,对"控释"的含义模糊不清.药物剂型宜分为两代:Ⅰ.普通剂;Ⅱ.控释剂.控释剂包括速度型控释系统和靶向型控释系统.     

介孔二氧化硅纳米粒介导的药物传递系统及其生物安全性的研究进展

介孔二氧化硅纳米粒(MSNs)是一种新型无机纳米材料,因具有独特的网状孔道结构、巨大的比表面积、孔径分布窄且可调节及易于表面修饰等特性,已用于药物控释系统的研究.MSNs载体的药物负载量与其介孔容积相关,表面经修饰后可实现药物的控释和靶向传递.然而,随着MSNs载体与人体接触的机会和时间日益增加,其安全性也受到广泛关注.本文综合近10年来国内外的相关文献,归纳了MSNs在递药系统中的应用,并分析了其生物安全性的影响因素.     

Application of artificial neural networks in the design of controlled release drug delivery systems

Controlled release drug delivery systems offer great advantages over the conventional dosage forms. However, there are great challenges to efficiently develop controlled release drug delivery systems due to the complexity of these delivery systems. Traditional statistic response surface methodology (RSM) is one of the techniques that has been employed to develop and formulate controlled release dosage forms. However, there are some limitations to the RSM technique. Hence, another technique called artificial neural networks (ANN) has recently gained wide popularity in the development of controlled release dosage forms. In this review, the basic ANN structure, the development of the ANN model and an explanation of how to use ANN to design and develop controlled release drug delivery systems are discussed. In addition, the applications of ANN in the design and development of controlled release dosage forms are also summarized in this review.     

PLGA微球控释系统的突释及其控制

针对目前限制PLGA微球控释系统临床应用的突释问题，重点介绍了近年来国内外有关的研究进展，包括突释现象、突释原因、影响因素和控制突释的方法和技术。     

多层片给药系统在定位和控制释药中的应用

多层片给药系统由含药片层及屏障层组成，通过屏障层控制药物的释放。综述近年来该给药系统在缓控释方面的研究进展，介绍其在定位释药（颊部黏膜给药、胃内定位释药和结肠定位给药）和控制释药形式（双相型释药、零级释药、双峰型释药和延时型释药）方面的应用。     

Recent advances in asymmetric membrane capsule based osmotic pump: a patent overview

Conventional drug delivery systems have little control over their drug release and almost no control over the effective concentration at the target site. This kind of dosing pattern may result in constantly changing, unpredictable plasma concentrations. Drugs can be delivered in a controlled pattern over a long period of time by the process of osmosis. Osmotic devices are the most promising strategy based systems for controlled drug delivery. They are the most reliable controlled drug delivery systems and could be employed as oral drug delivery systems. The present review is concerned with the study of drug release through asymmetric membrane capsule systems. When these systems are exposed to water, low levels of water soluble additive are leached from polymeric material i.e. the semipermeable membrane and the drug releases in a controlled manner over an extended period of time. Drug delivery from this system is not influenced by the different physiological factors within the gut lumen and the release characteristics can be predicted easily from the known properties of the drug and the dosage form. This patent review is useful in the knowledge of asymmetric membrane capsule osmotic pump for its application.     

Hydrogels: from controlled release to pH-responsive drug delivery

Hydrogels are one of the upcoming classes of polymer-based controlled-release drug delivery systems. Besides exhibiting swelling-controlled drug release, hydrogels also show stimuli-responsive changes in their structural network and hence, the drug release. Because of large variations in physiological pH at various body sites in normal as well as pathological conditions, pH-responsive polymeric networks have been extensively studied. This review highlights the use of hydrogels (a class of polymeric systems) in controlled drug delivery, and their application in stimuli-responsive, especially pH-responsive, drug release.     

分子模拟技术在释药技术中的应用

环糊精包合技术和缓控释技术是发展较快的释药技术,分子模拟技术在这两种释药技术中的应用也越来越多。简述环糊精包合技术和缓控释释药技术的优点、影响因素和释药原理,介绍几种重要的分子模拟技术在环糊精包合技术和缓控释释药技术中的应用,并给出了分子模拟技术在具体应用中的力场及模拟的条件,分析分子模拟技术的在环糊精包合技术和缓控释技术中应用的优点和难点,展望分子模拟在其应用中的前景,指出分子模拟技术有望成为研究释药技术的一种常规项的工具。     

制剂新技术在多肽、蛋白质类药物给药系统研究中的应用

目的 介绍制剂新技术在多肽、蛋白质类药物给药系统研究中的应用。方法 综述了多肽、蛋白质类药物的性质特点和影响其稳定性的原因;制剂新技术在多肽、蛋白质类药物给药系统中的运用;对LHRH及其类似物和胰岛素两类药物的新型制剂研究进行了概述。结果 脂质体、微乳和复乳、微球、纳米粒、自控式释药技术等制剂新技术广泛应用于多肽、蛋白质类药物给药系统中,取得了较大进展;黄体激素释放激素(LHRH)及其类似物和胰岛素两类药物的新剂型研究具有代表性且引人注目。结论 将制剂新技术用于多肽、蛋白质类药物给药系统的研究,有着广阔的应用前景。     

临床常用口服缓控释制剂的释药原理与服用要点

缓控释药物在现今临床使用上已日趋广泛,也是药物制剂学研究的热点内容。本文简要地介绍了缓控释制剂的释药原理,并列举了常用的缓控释药品及正确的使用方法,为临床工作者合理应用提供了必要的依据。     

Modeling of drug release from polymeric delivery systems--a review

Polymeric drug delivery platforms have been receiving increasing attention in the past decade. The pharmaceutical industry is evaluating modes of delivery for their prized therapeutics at every step of the design cycle. Not only can the drug delivery platform transport drug molecules effectively, it can also improve patient compliance, offer greater patient convenience, and extend product lifecycles as patents expire. A large number of successful drug delivery systems have been developed as a result of an almost arbitrary selection of constituents and configurations. However, the development of advanced drug delivery systems relies on a judicious and careful selection of components, configurations, and geometries, which can be facilitated through mathematical modeling of controlled release systems. Mathematical modeling aids in predicting the drug release rates and diffusion behavior from these systems by the solution of an appropriate model, thereby reducing the number of experiments needed. It also aids in understanding the physics of a particular drug transport phenomenon, thus facilitating the development of new pharmaceutical products. The objective of this article is to review the spectrum of mathematical models that have been developed to describe drug release from polymeric controlled release systems. The mathematical models presented in this article have been grouped under diffusion controlled systems, swelling controlled systems, and erosion controlled systems as proposed by Langer and Peppas. Simple empirical or semi-empirical models and complex mechanistic models that consider diffusion, swelling, and erosion processes simultaneously are presented.     

Emerging pressure-release materials for drug delivery

Drug delivery systems for non-specialist uses and application under field conditions are required for medical action in disaster situations and in developing countries. A possible solution for drug delivery under those conditions might be provided by mechanical manipulation of host–guest interactions that could allow drug release control by simple human actions such as hand motion. This editorial article presents recent research developments on control of molecular recognition, capture and release involving macroscopic mechanical motions. In particular, pressure-induced drug release from a cyclodextrin-linked gel has been used to realize controlled release of entrapped drugs upon applying an easy-to-perform mechanical procedure. These easy-action-based drug delivery systems can be applied at will by unskilled staff or patients and are expected to be used to assist medically patients in less-favorable environments anywhere in the world.