人细小病毒B19及其研究进展

人细小病毒B19（HPV B19）是一类单链线状DNA病毒，可引起无症状性感染和症状性感染，是导致人类多种疾病发生的病因。本文就细小病毒B19的病毒学，流行病学研究及其临床表现和治疗作一综述。     

抗人细小病毒B19IgG的检测

用抗人细小病毒Ｂ１９的ＭｃＡｂ建立ＥＬＩＳＡ－抗γ捕捉法，对正常新生儿（３５例）脐血标本及１月龄～１３岁小儿（１３９例）血清标本计１７４份，进行了Ｂ１９病毒特异性ＩｇＧ检测，结果阳性率分别为２２．９％（８／３５）和５．８％（８／１３９）．总阳性率为９．０％，并且大多数阳性标本的特异性ＩｇＧ抗体水平较低，最高滴度约为１：４００。结果显示：本文建立的检测方法有高度特异性；我国小儿中有Ｂ１９病毒自然感染，并有较高数量的易感人群，应进一步深入研究Ｂ１９病毒对我国小儿的危害及其防护措施。     

人细小病毒B19与疾病相关性的研究

人细小病毒Ｂ19(ｈｕｍａｎｐａｒｖｏｖｉｒｕｓＢ19,ＨＰＶＢ19)是近十余年来发现的一个重要病原体。为研究梧州市及周边地区Ｂ19感染的疾病谱 ,现将该地区健康自然人群及患者检测情况作一总结报告。1999年 11月 15日～ 2 0 0 1年 6月 2 0日在广西桂东人民医院门诊及住院患者中共检测 32 9例 ,年龄为出生后 4小时～ 82岁。男性 179例 ,女性 15 0例。病种 75种 ,血液系统疾病 4 2例 ,肿瘤患者 71例 ,结缔组织疾病 30例 ,呼吸道感染 5 7例 ,异常妊娠 2 8例 ,其他 10 1例。同期健康人组 14 1例 ,年龄为出生后 1天～ 6 0岁 ,男性 5 6例 ,女性 …     

人细小病毒B19检测方法研究进展

人类微小病毒B19（HPV B19）是细小病毒属中唯一对人类有致病性的病原体。感染后可引起传染性红斑、关节病、再生障碍性贫血危象、胎儿水肿及流产，对某些免疫力低下的病人，B19病毒感染甚至是致命的。B19病毒一般通过呼吸道传播，也可经输血和血液制品传播。建立简单实用的检测方法对B19病毒相关疾病的诊断和治疗非常重要。本文拟对B19病毒检测方法作一综述。     

先天性细小病毒B19感染与母婴传播研究进展

B19病毒感染广泛存在，人群感染率大约为50%，妊娠者感染率的范围为35%-53%，妊娠期急性B19感染的发生率为3.3%-3.7%，妊娠期急性B19感染与胎儿贫血、非免疫性胎儿水肿、胎儿死亡有关，现将B19感染的诊断、治疗及处置进行了综述。     

恶性肿瘤与人细小病毒B19DNA的关系探讨

人细小病毒B19（human parvovirus B19, B19 ）是传染性红斑和急性再障危象的病因。为了解恶性肿瘤与B19病毒感染的关系，我们进行了如下研究。     

人细小病毒B19检测方法研究进展

人类微小病毒B19(HPVB19)是细小病毒属中唯一对人类有致病性的病原体。感染后可引起传染性红斑、关节病、再生障碍性贫血危象、胎儿水肿及流产,对某些免疫力低下的病人,B19病毒感染甚至是致命的。B19病毒一般通过呼吸道传播,也可经输血和血液制品传播。建立简单实用的检测方法对B19病毒相关疾病的诊断和治疗非常重要。本文拟对B19病毒检测方法作一综述。     

孕妇人微小病毒B19-IgM与城乡和季节的关系

用ELISA法检测了 4 93例孕妇之人微小病毒B19-IgM ,其中城市孕妇为 2 31例 ,阳性率 6 % ,农村孕妇为 2 6 2例 ,阳性率 0 7% ,两者有极显著差异 (P <0 0 1) ,显示城市孕妇更易感染B19病毒 ;冬春孕妇为 2 5 0人 ,阳性率 5 2 % ,夏秋为2 4 3例 ,阳性率为 1 2 % ,两者也相差显著 (0 0 1

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用巢式PCR检测育龄妇女人群人细小病毒B19感染的研究

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人微小病毒B19感染的研究进展

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乌鲁木齐地区2718例孕妇TORCH感染的检测分析

目的　对乌鲁木齐地区孕妇TORCH感染的情况进行分析。方法　采用检测血清中TORCH特异性IgM抗体的血清学方法 ,对 2 0 0 0年 1月至 2 0 0 1年 5月来我院产前检查的孕妇 2 718例孕妇进行检测分析。结果　弓形体阳性率2 13% ,风疹病毒阳性率 3 2 4 % ,巨细胞病毒阳性率 4 6 3% ,单纯疱疹病毒阳性率 4 82 %。结论　妊娠妇女由于内分泌的改变和免疫力下降 ,易于发生某些病原体 (如TORCH)的原发感染和复发感染 ,对孕妇的TORCH的普查筛选是十分必要的。     

Fetal infection with human parvovirus B19

The case of premature infant with nonimmune hydrops secondary to human parvovirus B19 infection is presented. The infection was not suspected clinically. The fetal autopsy showed intranuclear inclusions in erythroid cells that stained positively with a DNA hybridization probe for B19 parvovirus.     

妊娠期TORCH感染与乙型肝炎病毒感染的关系

目的了解武汉地区不同孕期孕妇TORCH感染及乙型肝炎病毒(简称乙肝)感染的情况,以及两者之间有无关联.方法 2003年7月至2004年2月来我院门诊检查的398例孕妇抽取其空腹静脉血,检测其特异性TORCH-IgM抗体和乙肝三抗.结果 TORCH感染和乙肝感染在各孕期均无显著性差异.早、中孕期TORCH感染与乙肝感染存在一定的关联.结论加强孕期TORCH感染和乙肝的监测十分重要.提示在临床进行产前检查时,应将两者同时检测.     

Neurological manifestations of human parvovirus B19 infection

Since its discovery, human parvovirus B19 has been linked with a broad spectrum of clinical syndromes. An aetiological role for the virus has been confirmed in erythema infectiosum, transient aplastic crisis, persistent infection manifesting as pure red cell aplasia in immunocompromised persons, non-immune hydrops fetalis and arthritis. Less commonly recognised, but receiving increasing attention recently, are the neurological manifestations, a variety of which have been described in patients with either clinically diagnosed or laboratory confirmed B19 infection. The purpose of this review is to summarise present knowledge of B19, its known and potential pathogenic mechanisms and its association with human diseases, particularly those with neurological manifestations. The outcome of the review supports an aetiological role of the virus in neurological disease. However, the pathogenesis remains unknown and elucidating this is a priority.     

TORCH感染的新生儿及小婴儿脑电图分析

目的：观察被TORCH感染的新生儿及小婴儿的脑电图改变，以探讨病毒对小儿神经系统的损伤情况。方法：使用荧光聚合酶链反应技术检测41例病儿单纯疱疹病毒DNA，巨细胞病毒DNA，柯萨奇病毒RNA，对其中为阳性的病儿进行脑电图检查，比较检测结果。结果：感染柯萨奇病毒的患者脑电图异常率最低。感染巨细胞病毒的患者脑电图异常率最高，有神经系统体征的TORCH感染患儿脑电图异常率明显高于无神经系统体征者。结论：无论是否有神经系统体征，TORCH对患儿神经系统都有不同程度的损伤，脑电图的异常率与感染病毒的种类及患儿有无神经系统体征有关。     

TORCH与优生：V．PCR方法检测人类细小病毒B19

查点PCR方法可以用来检测人类细小病毒B19(B19)DNA。利用特异性引物扩增得到B19片段，对第一轮扩增产物进行DNA印迹及限制性内切酶盈谱分析．证明该产物是B19 DNA的特异顺序。本文同时还利甩地高辛标记寡核苷酸探针与PCR产物杂交，可以检测少至lfg的B19 DNA。甩此套式PCR方法对7例临床畸胎的组织标本检测，发现2例为B19 DNA阳性。作者以为，此方法适用于快速、灵敏、特异地临床检测B19 DNA。     

The cutaneous manifestations of human parvovirus B19 infection

The prototypical cutaneous manifestations of human parvovirus B19 (B19) infection include a petechial eruption in a glove and stocking distribution, reticular truncal erythema, and the "slapped cheek" sign. An association with connective tissue disease (CTD) stigmata has recently been made. The clinical and dermatopathologic findings in 14 patients whose skin lesions were accompanied by serological evidence of B19 infection or documentation of B19 genome in lesional skin are presented. The authors encountered skin biopsy specimens from 14 patients who presented with skin eruptions accompanied by clinical signs or serology suggestive of antecedent B19 infection. Clinical findings were correlated to the light microscopic appearance of the lesions and the presence of B19 genome in lesional skin. The study group comprised 9 women, 3 men, and 2 boys. Eruptions characteristic of fifth disease, including the slapped cheek sign, reticulated truncal erythema, and acral petechiae, were present in 3 patients, 1 of whom later developed granuloma annulare. The other patients had atypical clinical presentations comprising an asymptomatic papular eruption (2), an eruption clinically resembling Sweet's syndrome (3), myopathic dermatomyositis (DM) (2), lupus erythematosus (LE)-like syndromes (2), and lower-extremity palpable purpura (2). Skin biopsy specimens in 12 cases showed interstitial histiocytic infiltrates with piecemeal fragmentation of collagen and a mononuclear cell-predominant vascular injury pattern. Other features included an interface dermatitis, eczematous alterations, and papillary dermal edema. Lesions with features of DM or LE also showed mesenchymal mucinosis, whereas a biopsied lesion of palpable purpura showed leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV). Immunofluorescent testing showed a positive lupus band test (LBT) with epidermal IgG and C5b-9 decoration in 1 patient with a systemic LE-like illness, whereas the DM patients had negative LBTs and vascular C5b-9 deposition typical for DM. Skin biopsy specimens from 11 patients, including those whose presentations resembled LE and DM, were positive for B19 genome. The dermatopathology of B19 infection suggests tissue injury mediated by delayed-type hypersensitivity, by antibody-dependent cellular immunity directed at microbial antigenic targets in the epidermis and endothelium, and by circulating immune complexes in the setting of LCV. These mechanisms appear to generate a clinical and histopathological picture that recapitulates that of CTD.     

Current molecular epidemiology and human parvovirus B19 infection

Viruses evolve gradually through replication. Therefore, isolates of a virus species can have different genome sequences, albeit slightly, if isolates are epidemiologically unrelated. The difference in virus genome involves difference in virus functions and clinical manifestations of virus infection. Molecular epidemiology of virus infection is a relatively new field directed at infection in humans but not other animals. Analyses are based on genomic differences between virus strains with advances in methodology related to DNA analyses, progress is being made. Classification of virus strains, tracing of transmission of a strain, analyses of outbreaks (including nosocomial infection), and analyses of pathogenesis of virus infection in humans (a natural host) are given attention in molecular epidemiological studies. Human parvovirus B19 is a common human pathogen associated with a wide variety of diseases, including erythema infectiosum, aplastic crisis, hydrops fetalis, and arthritis. B19 is not propagatable in conventional cell lines, hence, molecular cloning of B19 DNA directly from clinical materials has to be done. Events concerning B19 infection were analyzed based on the concept of molecular epidemiology and studies proved to be productive to better understand the pathogenesis of B19 infection.     

宁德地区孕妇TORCH感染的调查分析

目的调查宁德地区孕妇TORCH的感染率.方法采用抗体捕获ELISA的检测方法,对2001年7月至2003年7月来我院产前检查并自愿接受TORCH检测的孕妇1812例检测了TORCH-IgM抗体.结果 (1)TORCH-IgM总阳性率为18.33%,弓形虫(TOX)、风疹病毒(RUV)、巨细胞病毒(CMV)、单纯疱疹病毒(HSV-I)、(HSV-II)IgM阳性率分别为5.30%、4.64%、3.53%、2.21%、2.65%;(2)有异常妊娠史的孕妇TOX-IgM、RUV-IgM明显高于无异常妊娠史的孕妇;(3)调查发现宁德地区TORCH的不同病原体感染具有不同的季节性.春夏季节弓形虫感染率高、夏秋季节风疹病毒感染率高、巨细胞病毒在冬季感染率最低,单纯疱疹病毒的感染季节性不明显.结论 TORCH感染与优生优育有重要关系,建议在孕前进行TORCH感染筛查,不同季节重视高发病原体感染的预防,计划受孕, 对优生学具有现实意义.