成人原发性肾小球疾病205例病理与临床分析

２０５例成人原发性肾小球疾病肾活检结果显示系膜增生性肾小球肾炎（ＭｓＰＧＮ）最常见，占４０．５／，其次是微小病变肾病（ＭＣＤ），占１４，６％，局灶节段性肾小球硬化（ＦＳＧＳ）占１２，７％。临床表现以肾病综合征最常见共１０２例，占５０．０％，其中以ＭｓＰＧＮ和ＭＣＤ居多，分别占３６．３％和２９．４％。     

难治性肾病综合征的临床与病理研究

目的：研究难治性肾病综合征的临床与病理特点。方法：对９０例难治性肾病综合征患者进行肾穿术，取肾活组织进行免疫荧光、光镜、电子显微镜检查，同时将临床与病理进行对照分析，结果：难治性肾病综合征性的病理类型为：局灶节段性肾小球硬化（ＦＳＧＳ）、膜性肾病（ＭＧＮ）、膜增生性为肾炎（ＭＰＧＮ）、ＩｇＭ肾病（ＩｇＭＧＮ）、ＩｇＡ肾病（ＩｇＡＧＮ）及新月体肾炎（ＰＲＧＮ），临床一病理之间无肯定的因果关系，多元相     

原发性肾小球肾炎血SIL—2R的改变

用BA－ELISA法测定54例原发性肾小球肾炎患者血SIL－2R水平。其中14例为系膜增生性肾炎，20例为IgA肾病，另20例为局灶节段性硬化。结果表明：系膜增生性肾炎组和IgA肾病组患者SIL－2R水平与正常对照组明显增高；局灶节段性硬化肾炎组，SIL－2R的水平与正常对照组相比无明显差异。提示局灶节段性硬化肾炎缺乏免疫发病机理的参与。     

83例儿童肾小球疾病的临床与病理

目的：了解儿童肾小球疾病的临床表现与病理之间的关系。方法：对83例肾活检患儿的临床与病理资料进行对比分析。结果：系膜增生性肾炎占45.8%，其临床表现为各种肾脏疾病；毛细血管内增生性肾炎占13.3%，微小病变型占9.6%，新月体肾炎占8.4%，局灶性节段性肾小球硬化症和膜性肾病各占7.2%，IgA肾病占4.8%，膜增生性肾炎占3.6%。结论：儿童肾小球疾病最常见的病理类型为系膜增生性肾炎，临床主要见于肾病综合征和紫癜性肾炎，其次为链球菌感染后肾炎。     

IgA肾病的临床与病理探讨

目的通过101例IgA肾病的临床与病理的分析来观察IgA肾病的临床病理特点与其内在联系。方法经皮肾穿刺活检获取IgA肾病患者的病理结果,并将临床表现及病理结果进行分类分型,同时获取IgA肾病的病理资料,并进行分组讨论。结果IgA肾病的临床表现以无症状性血尿/尿检异常及慢性肾小球肾炎为常见分别占35例（34.7%）和32例（31.7%）,其次为肾病综合症26例（25.7%）,其中成人IgA肾病临床表现以慢性肾炎为主伴有肾功能不全,有急进性肾炎的表现,而青少年IgA肾病以无症状性血尿/尿检异常为主不伴有肾功能不全且无急进性肾炎的表现。病理类型以系膜增生性肾小球肾炎最常见,成人局灶节段性肾小球肾炎的发生率明显低于青少年,而膜增殖性肾小球肾炎、局灶节段硬化性肾小球肾炎、新月体肾炎及硬化性肾炎较青少年多见。慢性肾小球肾炎、无病状血尿/尿检异常和肾病综合症主要表现为系膜增生性肾小球肾炎,其次为局灶节段性硬化。IgA肾病以轻系膜增生为主,成人的重度系膜增生、节段性肾小球硬化、肾小球硬化大于20%、球囊粘连、新月体形成、肾缺血改变、血管葱皮样改变、肾间质小管慢性化的比率均高于青少年。结论成人IgA肾病临床表现较青少年严重,病理类型比青少年差,病理特点显示预后较青少年差,但仍有少部分的青少年IgA肾病存在慢性化表现,提示预后较差,建议早期行肾活检干预治疗。     

IgA肾病33例临床病理分析

ＩｇＡ肾病３３例，占原发性肾小球疾病肾活检总数之１９．１％。临床表现最常见为无症状性尿检异常，共２２例，占６６．７％。其次是肾病综合征占１８．２％。病理类型主要为局灶性肾小球肾炎和弥漫性系膜增生性肾小球肾炎，分别占４８．５％和３３．３％。本组１４．７％患者发生慢性肾功能不全（Ｓｃｒ〉１３２μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）。经分析认为，本病发生慢性肾功能不全与病理上肾小球硬化及小管间质病变有密切联系。     

IgA肾病308例临床与病理分析

目的了解I舭肾病（1SAN）的临床与病理关系。方法回顾性分析1999年1月-2009年12月308例IgAN患者的临床与病理资料。结果本地区IgAN女性多见,发病高峰年龄为20—39岁,发病占同期原发性肾小球肾炎的16．9％,临床表现以无症状性尿检异常最常见,其次是肾病综合征和慢性肾炎,分别占36．0％、22．7％和22．5％。病理类型以系膜增生性肾小球肾炎常见,其次是局灶节段性肾小球硬化和局灶性肾小球肾炎,分别占47．5％、33．1％和9．4％。本地区IgAN患者肾组织以IgA＋IgM型免疫球蛋白沉积为主,各种临床类型和各种病理分型均与荧光类型无相关性（P〉0．05）。结论IgAN在青壮年期发生率高,临床病理表现多样化,临床以无症状尿检异常常见,病理以系膜增生性肾小球肾炎常见,定期尿检对于疾病的早期诊断和治疗具有重要作用。     

小儿孤立性血尿病理分析与临床诊断

目的：探讨小儿孤立性血尿的病理类型。方法：结合肾组织光镜、电镜及免疫荧光检查结果对207例符合孤立性血尿诊断标准的患儿病历进行考察。结果：正常肾小球61例（29．5％）（其中局灶节段性肾小球透明样变性5例）;轻微病变72例（34．8％）;IgA肾病36例（17．4％）;薄基底膜肾病21例（10．1％）（其中正常肾小球7例,伴轻微病变14例）;系膜增生性肾小球肾炎13例（6．3％）（其中伴薄基底膜肾病2例）;局灶增生性肾炎4例（1．9％）。结论：轻微病变与正常肾小球占第一位,表现为孤立性血尿的IgA肾病病理变化相对较轻,为轻微病变或轻度系膜增生。所有病例均无新月体形成、肾小球硬化和小管间质受累。提示孤立性血尿患儿预后良好。     

66例成人原发肾病综合征临床治疗与病理分析

本对６６例原发肾病综合征患进行病理类型与临床疗效分析。最常见病理类型为系膜增殖性肾炎，占４２．５％，其次为膜性肾病，占３２．５％，ＩｇＡ肾病占１５．０％。微小病变型及系膜增殖性肾炎对激素及免疫抑制剂治疗效果好，膜性肾病治疗效果差。不同病理类型患病理损害程度与疗效相关。伴肾小管间质病变治疗效果差（Ｐ〈０．０５）。ＮＳⅠ型疗效明显优于ＮＳⅡ型（Ｐ〈０．０５）。５０岁以下原发肾病综合征（ＰＮＳ）     

儿童单纯性蛋白尿的病因诊断分析

对２０例单纯性蛋白尿的临床和病理资料进行分析。结果发现,肾功能性蛋白尿９例（４５％）,其中直立性蛋白尿（ＯＰ）、胡桃夹现象（ＮＣＰ）各３例,ＯＰ并ＮＣＰ３例;肾实质性蛋白尿１１例（５５％）,其中肾小球性蛋白尿９例〔系膜增生性肾炎（ＭｓＰＧＮ）３例,ＩｇＡ肾病（ＩｇＡＮ）１例,特发性膜性肾病（ＩＭＮ）２例,局灶性节段性肾小球硬化（ＦＳＧＮ）、轻微病变（ＭＬ）、Ａｌｐｏｒｔ综合征（ＡＳ）各１例〕,肾小管性蛋白尿２例。对两类蛋白尿的临床特征及鉴别要点和病因进行了讨论,建议应先初筛有无ＯＰ和ＮＣＰ,然后再酌情进行肾活检。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.