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1.
赵磊  刘嘉乐  李岩  孙艳涛 《医药导报》2011,30(11):1506-1507
目的建立测定复方苯巴比妥溴化钠片中苯巴比妥含量的高相液相色谱(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)法。方法采用HPLC法,用辛烷基硅烷键和硅胶为填充剂,色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),流动相:乙腈 水(30:70),检测波长:220 nm;流速1.0 mL•min 1,进样量10 μL。结果苯巴比妥在0.852 5~85.250 0 μg•mL 1范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 8),平均加样回收率100.06%,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)为0.8%(n=5)。结论该方法简便快捷,准确,重复性好,灵敏度高,可用于建立复方苯巴比妥溴化钠片的定量质量标准。  相似文献   

2.
目的探讨一氧化氮(NO)合成酶抑制药对大鼠体外肾小球清蛋白通透性的影响及可能的作用机制。方法用标准筛技术游离正常雄性SD大鼠肾小球,应用视频显微术通过肾小球体积变化计算肾小球清蛋白的通透性(Palb)。大鼠体外肾小球分别与不同浓度(0.5,1.0,2.0 mmol•L 1)NO 单甲基 L 精氨酸(L NMMA)培养30 min;与2.0 mmol•L 1L NMMA培养不同时间(15,30,45 min)。体外肾小球与2.0 mmol•L 1L NMMA及500 μmmol•L 1NO供体diethylenetriamine NONOate(DETA NONOate)培养45 min;与2.0 mmol•L 1L NMMA 及5 mmol•L 1超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)培养45 min。观察不同情况下Palb。结果与对照组比较,大鼠体外肾小球与0.5 mmol•L 1L NMMA培养30 min对Palb无明显影响,与1.0或2.0 mmol•L 1L NMMA培养导致Palb显著增加(P<0.01),且2.0 mmol•L 1L NMMA对Palb影响更为显著。体外肾小球与2.0 mmol•L 1L NMMA培养15,30,45 min,Palb均较对照组明显增加(均P<0.01),且随时间延长Palb逐渐增加,培养45 min时Palb最大。体外肾小球与L NMMA及DETA NONOate一起培养45 min,Palb无明显增加;与L NMMA及SOD一起培养45 min,Palb亦无明显增加。结论 NO是肾小球清蛋白滤出的调节因子,生成减少导致Palb增加,过氧化物活性可能参与NO合成酶抑制药引起的清蛋白排泄增加。  相似文献   

3.
(1. [摘要]目的建立高效毛细管电泳(HPCE)法测定癫患者血清卡马西平浓度,比较HPCE法和荧光偏振免疫方法(FPIA)分析卡马西平含量的差异性。方法HPCE法采用石英毛细管柱(27 cm×75 μm), 运行电压18 kV,温度30 ℃,紫外检测波长280 nm,以30 mmol•L 1磷酸氢二钠(pH=8.0)含75 mmol•L 1 十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)为缓冲液,血样经乙酸乙酯提取后氮气吹干,再用运行缓冲液溶解,压力进样10 s。FPIA分析采用标准TDx测定方法。结果HPCE方法测定卡马西平在2.188~100.000 μg•mL 1浓度范围内线性关系良好(r=0.998 9),日内和日间RSD均≤5%。结论HPCE方法准确、简便、快速,与FPIA检测结果差异无显著性,因其监测成本低更适用于常规血药监测。  相似文献   

4.
(1. [摘要]目的建立高效液相色谱法测定复方伪麻敏芬胶囊中3组分的含量的方法。方法Zorbax C18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm);流动相为甲醇 6 mmol•L-1十二烷基硫酸钠溶液 0.025 mol•L-1磷酸二氢钾溶液 三乙胺(75:20:20:0.25,用磷酸调pH值至3.25);流速:1 mL• min 1;检测波长:盐酸伪麻黄碱、马来酸氯苯那敏为259 nm,布洛芬为264 nm. 结果布洛芬浓度在100.6~704.2 μg•mL-1范围内,盐酸伪麻黄碱50.0~600.0 μg•mL-1范围内,马来酸氯苯那敏5.02~50.20 μg•mL-1范围内,其浓度与吸收之间线性关系均良好,平均回收率分别为99.7%,99.1%,99.1%,RSD分别为0.71%,0.73%,0.71%(n=5)。结论该方法准确,灵敏度高,重现性好,可用于测定复方伪麻敏芬胶囊中布洛芬、盐酸伪麻黄碱、马来酸氯苯那敏的含量。  相似文献   

5.
目的建立同时测定寡核苷酸原料药中杂质醋酸(MCAA)、二氯乙酸(DCAA)、氯离子(Cl-)含量的固相萃取离子色谱(IC)法。方法Ionpac AS 23(4 mm×250 mm)分析柱;Ionpac AG 23(4 mm×50 mm)保护柱;流动相:0.8 mmol•L-1 碳酸氢钠/4.5 mmol•L-1碳酸钠;抑制型电导检测器。结果MCAA、DCAA和Cl-的标准曲线方程分别为:Y= 5.230 7X + 0.014 (r=0.999 7),Y= 19.762X-0.007 2 (r=0.999 9)和Y=507.4X-0.746 2 (r=0.999 8);MCAA在0.002~0.400 μg•mL-1浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,DCAA在0.000 624~0.156 μg•mL-1浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,Cl-在2.4×10-3~1.5 mg•mL-1浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,其检测限分别为0.02,0.312 ng•mL-1和0.01 μg•mL-1。结论该方法操作简便、快速,结果准确,可用于反义寡核苷酸原料药中杂质的控制。  相似文献   

6.
目的建立快速测定甲磺酸酚妥拉明含量的非水毛细管电泳法 (NACE)。方法熔融石英毛细管(50 μm×50 cm),缓冲液为60 mmol•L-1乙酸 1.5%醋酸 20%乙腈(78.5:1.5:20.0)的甲醇液,检测波长220 nm,分离电压25 kV,柱温25 ℃,用孔径0.45 μm微孔滤膜过滤后进样,压力进样:50 kPa×3 s。结果甲磺酸酚妥拉明法最低检测浓度为0.1 μg•mL-1,线性范围1~50 μg•mL-1,r=0.999 7,线性关系良好。平均加样回收率98.03%,RSD为1.54%。结论NACE法可作为甲磺酸酚妥拉明的种快速测定方法。  相似文献   

7.
患者,男,50岁。因“肾移植手术后1个月余,血钾升高8 h”于2011年6月1日入院。既往史:因“慢性肾功能不全尿毒症期”于2011年4月22日行同种异体肾移植术,手术后恢复良好,出院后给予常规三联免疫抑制疗法:他克莫司3 mg,bid;麦考酚吗乙酯500 mg,bid,po;泼尼松龙30 mg,qd,po。既往高血压史20年,口服硝苯地平30 mg,bid。入院体检:体温 36.5 ℃,脉搏 74次•min-1,呼吸率 20次•min-1,血压 152/94 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)。实验室检查:血肌酐 286 μmol•L-1,血尿素氮24.3 mmol•L-1,丙氨酸氨基转移酶 27 U•L-1,白细胞3.15×109•L-1,血钾8.2 mmol•L-1。给予血液透析治疗。6月2日血钾6.9 mmol•L-1。怀疑血钾升高为他克莫司引起,于6月3日停服他克莫司,改服环孢素150 mg,bid,po。6月5日血钾5 mmol•L-1。7月30日血钾4.4 mmol•L-1。未再发现血钾升高。  相似文献   

8.
目的建立测定益肾壮骨颗粒中淫羊藿苷及柚皮苷含量的毛细管区带电泳法。方法采用石英毛细管(50 cm×50 μm,50 cm),以10 mmol•L-1硼砂(pH 7.3)为背景电解质,运行电压25 kV,流体静压进样10 s(高度10 cm),紫外检测波长220 nm。结果淫羊藿苷在6.75~337.50 mg•L-1范围内线性关系良好(r=0.998 7),平均回收率93.5%(RSD=1.9%);柚皮苷在3.66~183.00 mg•L-1范围内线性关系良好(r=0.997 7),平均回收率为96.2%(RSD=2.3%)。结论该方法简便、快速、污染小,适用于益肾壮骨颗粒中淫羊藿苷及柚皮苷的含量测定。  相似文献   

9.
郑厚林  陈阳建 《医药导报》2011,30(11):1434-1436
目的建立测定人血浆头孢米诺钠浓度的高效液相色谱法。方法血浆样品经10%高氯酸沉淀蛋白处理,以阿司匹林为内标,采用Hypersil ODS2色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),流动相为20 mmol•L 1醋酸铵溶液(加冰醋酸调节pH至4.50) 甲醇 0.1%三乙胺(85:10:5),流速为1.0 mL•min 1,柱温为25 ℃,检测波长为254 nm。结果头孢米诺钠在0.5~200.0 μg•mL 1范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 7),最低检测限为0.5 μg•mL 1;高、中、低浓度日内RSD ≤5.16%、日间RSD ≤7.37%;平均提取回收率83.20%(RSD=3.35%),平均方法回收率98.51%(RSD=1.37%)。结论该方法操作简便,灵敏,快速,准确,适用于临床上血浆头孢米诺钠浓度的测定及药动学研究。  相似文献   

10.
陈瑾 《医药导报》2008,27(12):1507-1509
[摘要]目的建立妇炎洁栓中大黄素和大黄酚的含量测定方法。方法采用高效液相色谱法,流动相:甲醇 0.1%磷酸(78:22);流速:0.9 mL•min 1;检测波长:254 nm;柱温:40 ℃。结果大黄素和大黄酚分别在1.015~8.120 μg•mL 1和1.325~10.600 μg•mL 1范围内线性关系良好;大黄素的平均回收率为99.3%(RSD=1.20%),大黄酚的平均回收率为99.3%(RSD=1.35%)。结论该方法简便快速,结果准确、可靠,可用于该制剂的质量控制。  相似文献   

11.
双pH8.04与pH5.91的磷酸盐缓冲液为溶剂,240nm为测定波长,用差示分光光度法测定了复方苯巴比妥散中苯巴比妥的含量。苯巴比妥的回收率为99.7%,相对标准差为0.8%。实验结果满意。  相似文献   

12.
Identification of Phenobarbitone Phenobarbitone 1a was nitrated at elevated temperatures. From the product mixture three dinitro compounds 1d, e, f were isolated. Their structures were elucidated by i. r. and n.m.r. spectroscopy. One of the compounds, the 3′,4′-dinitrophenobarbitone 1 e gives a violet colour with hydroxylamine in alkaline solution as was described by Büchi. Barbiturates not containing phenyl substituents give a negative test. The same reaction can be used to distinguish 1a from other hypnosedatives.  相似文献   

13.
梁陈方  王亚洲 《中国药房》2007,18(19):1498-1499
目的:建立以高效液相色谱法同时测定阿苯糖丸中阿司匹林和苯巴比妥含量的方法。方法:色谱柱为Inertsil C8-3,流动相为甲醇-0.05mol.L-1磷酸二氢钠缓冲液(50∶50),流速为1.0mL.min-1,检测波长为210nm,柱温为40℃,进样量为20μL。结果:阿司匹林和苯巴比妥检测浓度的线性范围分别为31.15~498.40、3.2~51.2μg.mL-1(r=0.9999);平均加样回收率分别为101.18%(RSD=1.9%)、100.73%(RSD=1.7%)。结论:本方法简便易行、准确可靠,可用于该制剂的质量控制。  相似文献   

14.
贺国芳  闵敏 《中国药师》2010,13(3):359-360
目的:优选复方苯巴比妥颗粒的最佳处方。方法:用正交设计法,以每包颗粒的重量(A)、稀释剂(B)、粘合剂(C)为因素,按L9(3^4)设计实验,以颗粒吸湿性和苯巴比妥溶出度为评价指标,进行综合评分。结果:影响因素顺序为A〉B〉C,其中A、B对颗粒质量影响有显著意义。最佳处方为A1B3C3,即以乳糖为稀释剂、5%的羟丙甲纤维素为粘合剂、每包颗粒重3g。结论:优选的处方、工艺可行,制成的颗粒符合《中国药典》(2005年版)规定。  相似文献   

15.
Zusammenfassung Die Elimination von Phenobarbital beträgt bei Hunden 24% pro die. Bei täglicher Applikation kommt es zu einer Kumulation im Organismus. Bei niedrigen Dosen erreicht die Konzentration im Blute dann eine Höhe die derjenigen nach einmaliger Gabe einer viermal so hohen Dosis entspricht. Werden täglich höhere Dosen appliziert, so sinkt die Konzentration im Blute nach Erreichen eines Höchstwertes ab. Die Elimination steigt bis auf das Dreifache an. Auch nach einmaliger oraler Gabe von 30 und 60 mg/kg ist am ersten Tage die Elimination niedrig, sie wächst aber allmählich, bis sie am 4. und 5. Tage doppelt so hoch ist wie die normale Schwundrate. Nach i.v. Gabe von Phenobarbital und auch nach einmaliger oraler und i.v. Applikation von Barbital ist niemals ein Anstieg der Elimination zu beobachten. Eine Änderung der Diurese als Ursache der verzögerten und dann beschleunigten Elimination von Phenobarbital konnte ausgeschlossen werden, so daß der Schluß gezogen wurde, Phenobarbital beschleunige seine eigene Oxydation, zumal bekannt ist, daß Phenobarbital die Hydroxylierung von Arzneimitteln mitteln erheblich zu beschleunigen vermag und selbst zu rund 50–60% vom Hunde oxydiert wird.
Summary Phenobarbital ist eliminated by dogs at a rate of 26% per day and accumulates in the organism after daily administeration. The level in the blood increases until a maximum is achieved. The concentration decreases afterwards very slowly. The slope of the decline depends on the amount of phenobarbital given daily. The rate of elimination rises to 47–61% per day. After one single oral dose of 30 to 60 mg/kg the elimination rate is very low on the first day, but increases slowly until it achieves a value two times higher than the normal rate. An acceleration of the elimination can never be observed after one intravenous administeration of phenobarbital and after one oral or intravenous dose of barbital. An inhibiting effect on the diuresis after phenobarbital given orally as cause for the change of the elimination rate could be excluded. Phenobarbital seems to activate its own oxidation, as it is known that it is normally hydroxylated by dogs to an amounts of 50–60% and that phenobarbital is able to stimulate the hydroxylation of drugs remarkably.


Mit 6 Textabbildungen

Die Untersuchungen wurden von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft unterstützt.  相似文献   

16.
17.
苯巴比妥滴丸的制备工艺研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
苏春梅  张念  梁翠茵 《齐鲁药事》2005,24(2):111-113
目的 以水溶性高分子材料PEG - 6 0 0 0和PEG - 4 0 0 0为基质 ,研究苯巴比妥滴丸的最佳制备工艺。方法 通过对苯巴比妥滴丸制备过程的实验 ,以滴丸的成型、圆整度、重量差异为筛选指标 ,以药液的保温温度、滴制速度、药物与基质的最佳配比为主要考察因素 ,对苯巴比妥滴丸的制备工艺进行优选 ,并讨论了影响滴丸成型、圆整度及丸重差异的其他因素。结果 药物与基质的最佳配比为 1∶5、药液保温温度为 90~ 95℃、滴制速度为 5 0drops·min-1,为最佳制备工艺条件。按照此优化条件制备的苯巴比妥滴丸成型率最高。结论 此制备工艺设备简单 ,操作方便 ,不仅适合于苯巴比妥滴丸的制备 ,也同样适合于其他滴丸产品的实验室制备及工业化生产  相似文献   

18.
Phenobarbital improves survival in theophylline-intoxicated rabbits   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
As in humans, theophylline intoxication in rabbits causes seizures and death. We studied whether the administration of phenobarbital or phenytoin following a toxic dose of theophylline would improve survival in rabbits. New Zealand white rabbits were infused intravenously with theophylline, 115 mg/kg over 50 minutes. Upon completion of the infusion, rabbits were randomized to receive either saline (control) (N = 60) or saline containing phenobarbital 20 mg/kg (N = 60), or phenytoin 12 mg/kg (N = 30), infused over 30 minutes. The number (and percentage) of rabbits surviving 24 hours in each group was: control 12 (20%), phenobarbital 30 (50%), and phenytoin 7 (23%) [X2; p less than 0.005; two-tailed]. In all fatal cases, death was preceded by a seizure; rabbits that survived did not seize. These results show that phenobarbital administered intravenously to theophylline-intoxicated rabbits prevented seizures and improved survival whereas phenytoin administration had no significant effect.  相似文献   

19.
The phenobarbital dose-drinking response curves were obtained for 1112and 2312hr of water deprivation in rats. The results indicated that the same quadratic curve was found in both cases displaced as a function of degree of deprivation. These results are explicable by regarding phenobarbital as an adequate stimulus for drinking or by disinhibiting drinking if level of inhibition is not directly concerned with regulation of water ingestion per se. The response to phenobarbital upon the days following injection is similar for both degrees of deprivation investigated.  相似文献   

20.
INTRODUCTION: Against a background of concern about the safety of new pharmaceutical products, there has been renewed interest in one of the oldest antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), phenobarbital. Although still in widespread use in developing countries, its popularity has slipped in Western countries over the past century, partly because of controversy about its adverse effect profile. This critical review examines the evidence supporting its effectiveness and its associated behavioural adverse effects for febrile convulsions and childhood epilepsy. METHODS: Relevant randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of phenobarbital vs other antiepileptic drugs or placebo between 1970-2005 were identified through a comprehensive manual and computer database search of the world biomedical literature. Eleven RCTs of febrile convulsions and nine RCTs of childhood epilepsy were systematically reviewed against a conventional set of quality criteria. RESULTS: With a few exceptions, the overall quality of clinical trial methodology, especially in the early studies conducted in the 1970s and 1980s, was poor. There is no evidence for a difference in antiepileptic efficacy between phenobarbital and any other compared AED, yet no evidence for absolute efficacy. No convincing evidence exists for an excess of behavioural adverse effects, over other AEDs, attributable to phenobarbital. Masked studies of phenobarbital in childhood epilepsy have shown no significant differences in behavioural or cognitive adverse effects compared to other AEDs. This is in contrast to the excess of such adverse effects reported in studies open to observer bias. However, the one finding of reduction in cognitive ability associated with phenobarbital treatment for febrile convulsions remains a concern. Future areas of clinical and genetic epidemiological research are outlined.  相似文献   

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