心脏停搏患者应用便捷式胸腔按压机复苏疗效观察

目的探讨并分析在心脏停搏的患者中使用便捷式胸腔按压机实施急救的疗效与临床应用价值。方法选取我院2013年1月~2015年1月治疗的出现心脏停搏患者60例为研究对象,利用随机抽样法将其随即分为对照组与实验组,各30例。对照组采用传统徒手心肺复苏方法,实验组采用便捷式胸腔按压机实施心肺复苏急救治疗,对两组结果进行对比。结果急救治疗后,实验组患者的总有效率为30%,对照组的总有效率为20%,实验组没有肋骨骨折情况,对照组出现肋骨骨折1例情况,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论针对心脏停搏患者采用传统的徒手心肺复苏方法不仅疗效低下,且容易出现不良情况,而采用便捷式胸腔按压机进行心肺复苏则高效、安全、节省时间,该种急救方法值得临床广泛应用。     

心肺复苏机与徒手心肺复苏临床疗效的研究

目的 分析使用心肺复苏机与徒手心肺复苏抢救心脏呼吸骤停患者的临床疗效.方法 选取来院心脏呼吸骤停的87例患者为研究对象,其中49例均采用CPR model 心肺复苏,为实验组;其余38例采用徒手心肺复苏,为对照组.结果 实验组平均动脉压、血氧分压、血氧饱和度、有效率均显著优于对照组(P<0.05),并发症发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05),而两组间复苏成功率无显著性差异(P>0.05).结论 心肺复苏机比徒手心肺复苏能更好的改善心脏呼吸骤停患者的平均动脉压、血氧分压、血氧饱和度,但不能挽救更多的患者生命.     

腹部提压装置在83例心肺复苏患者中的应用分析

目的分析腹部提压装置在心肺复苏中的应用效果。方法选取医院急诊科及重症医学科收治的163例非心源性与心源性呼吸、心搏骤停(CPA)患者,依据心肺复苏(CPR)时所采取的不同心脏按压方式分为对照组(80例)与观察组(83例),对照组采取传统胸外按压进行心肺复苏,观察组采取腹部提压进行心肺复苏,对比两组患者的抢救成功率。结果观察组患者成功抢救率为60.24%,对照组为43.75%,观察组明显高于对照组(P0.05)。复苏30 min时观察组患者血氧饱和度、血压以及心率明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论腹部提压装置吸盘可吸于患者腹部,再加上手柄节律性的按压与提拉,能有效避免发生肋骨骨折,并且能使心泵与胸泵作用得到充分发挥,通气作用较好,具有较高临床应用价值。     

心肺复苏机与徒手心肺复苏临床疗效的研究

目的探究心肺复苏机与徒手心肺复苏在抢救心跳呼吸骤停患者的临床应用效果。方法随机选取2015年1月至2016年1月在我院急救的呼吸心跳骤停患者98例,均无心肺复苏的禁忌症,随机分为两组,每组49例。其中,对照组采用徒手心肺复苏,观察组使用心肺复苏机持续复苏,对比两组患者的复苏抢救有效率,两组患者的生命体征指数以及并发症的发生情况。结果观察组患者急救成功率83.67%,对照组患者急救有效率为65.31%,观察组患者并发症发生率12.24%,对照组患者并发症发生率为30.61%,观察组患者平均动脉压、血氧分压、血氧饱和度明显高于对照组,两组结果对比存在显著差异,具有统计学意义。结论心肺复苏机复苏相比于徒手心肺复苏术更能明显改善患者的心肺功能,在调试合理、运用娴熟的情况下,心肺复苏机安全有效,操作简便,节约大量人力物力,特别是需要长时间心肺复苏的个别病例。值得临床进一步推广应用。     

优化急救护理流程干预对行心肺复苏的心脏骤停患者康复效果分析

目的分析行心肺复苏的心脏骤停患者给予优化急救护理流程干预的康复效果。方法将在我院行心肺复苏的84例心脏骤停患者依据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组两组,各42例。对照组患者行常规急救护理流程干预,观察组患者进行优化急救护理流程干预。对比两组急救效果和心脏复苏效果,分析复苏3h后两组患者的动脉压、心率及血气分析指标。结果观察组接诊至胸外心脏按压时间、接诊至心电图检查时间、接诊至建立静脉通道时间相比对照组均明显缩短,比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组心脏复苏成功率(88.10%)、自主呼吸恢复率(73.81%)、自主循环恢复率(66.67%)和存活率(95.24%)均明显高于对照组,比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组动脉压、心率、PO2均高于对照组,PCO2和pH均低于对照组,比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论优化急救护理流程干预的行心肺复苏的心脏骤停患者急救效果提高,自主呼吸恢复等心肺复苏效果好,动脉压、心率及血气指标改善,康复效果好。     

无创正压通气治疗急性左心衰的疗效观察

目的探讨无创正压通气对左心衰竭患者的治疗效果。方法将我院2008年3月—2010年6月收治的80例老年急性左心衰竭患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组40例。对照组采用常规吸氧及药物抢救治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上给予无创正压通气,观察两组患者治疗1h、2h后的心率、呼吸频率、动脉血氧分压及动脉血氧饱和度,比较两组患者的疗效。结果治疗1h、2h后,观察组和对照组的心率、呼吸频率、动脉血氧分压及动脉血氧饱和度均较治疗前有所改善,但观察组的改善效果显著优于对照组;观察组治疗的总有效率（92.5%）显著优于对照组（75.0%）。结论无创正压通气可迅速改善左心衰竭患者心功能,缓解临床症状。     

胸外按压状态下紧急经皮右颈内静脉穿刺心内膜起搏

目的探讨非室颤性心脏停搏在胸外按压状态下紧急经皮右颈内静脉穿刺，行右室心内膜起搏配合心肺复苏的方法学及可行性。方法32例心跳呼吸骤停病人经标准心肺复苏(S—CPR)5-10min仍不恢复维持有效血液循环的自主心跳，心电呈非室颤性心脏停搏(电-机械分离或电静止)患者，在胸外按压操作的同时，立即床边紧急经皮右颈内静脉穿刺并放置动脉鞘，选用5F或6F普通临时心内起搏电极，在临时起搏器以固定起搏(VVO)的状态下输送电极导管，作右室心内膜起搏，起搏成功后起搏模式改换为WI型起搏，根据病情及起搏情况随调起搏参数，观察血流动力学变化及自主心跳恢复情况。结果32例中有效起搏24例，占75％，其中9例存活，起搏时间5min-72h恢复能维持有效血液循环的窦性心率。15例死于原发病或长时间缺氧的并发症。另8例死于因心脏停搏时间过长人工心脏起搏无效。结论经S—CPR短时间内心脏不能复跳的非室颤性心脏停搏患者，紧急心内膜起搏配合CPR，能迅速改善血流动力学，促进自主血流循环恢复，提高CPR患者存活率。     

不同方式在心跳呼吸骤停进行心肺复苏时的应用效果对比评价

目的 探析心跳呼吸骤停患者应用不同心肺复苏方式的临床效果.方法 将79例2018年10月-2020年1月在我院治疗的心跳呼吸骤停患者选为研究对象,依据心肺复苏方式不同分成两组,对照组与实验组.对照组39例患者予以人工心肺复苏治疗,实验组40例患者予以心肺复苏机治疗,对比两组患者按压有效率、并发症发生率及临床相关指标水平.结果 在按压有效率上,实验组数据为97.50%,对照组数据为82.05%,组间比较有统计学差异(P<0.05).在并发症发生率上,实验组数据为5.00%,对照组数据为7.69%,组间比较无统计学差异(P>0.05).在临床相关指标上,两组PaO2(氧分压)、SaO2(血氧饱和度)比较无统计学差异(P>0.05);实验组PaCO2(二氧化碳分压)、SP(收缩压)均高于对照组,组间比较有统计学差异(P<0.05).结论 相较于人工心肺复苏治疗而言,心肺复苏机治疗心跳呼吸骤停患者的效果更加显著,按压有效率更高,且不会增加并发症的发生,值得临床借鉴应用.     

无创呼吸机在呼吸衰竭患者中的应用效果研究

目的探讨无创呼吸机在呼吸衰竭患者中的应用效果。方法选取2015年3月—2016年2月荆州市第二人民医院收治的呼吸衰竭患者150例,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组75例。对照组患者采用常规药物治疗,观察组患者采用无创呼吸机辅助治疗。比较两组患者治疗结果及治疗后心率、呼吸频率、动脉血氧分压、血氧饱和度、动脉血二氧化碳分压。结果观察组患者临床效果优于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后观察组患者心率、呼吸频率、动脉血二氧化碳分压低于对照组,动脉血氧分压、血氧饱和度高于对照组(P0.05)。结论无创呼吸机在呼吸衰竭患者中的应用效果较好,有利于提高患者临床效果及改善患者临床症状。     

基于资源定制的“技术规范-反复演练-流程完善”路径在优化救护车单元院外救助心脏停搏患者流程中的应用

目的 探究基于资源定制的“技术规范-反复演练-流程完善”路径在优化救护车单元院外救助心脏停搏（CA）患者流程中应用价值。方法 分别选取我院2020年3月至2022年4月院外救助CA患者85例,按实施路径时间分两组,路径组42例,常规组43例。常规组使用常规院外急救措施救助心脏停搏患者,路径组在常规组基础上使用“技术规范-反复演练-流程完善”路径应用于救护车单元进行院外救助,比较两组患者路径实施前后救治效率,评估救治效果。结果 路径组到达现场的时间以及进行心肺复苏（CPR）和高级生命支持的时间均短于常规组（P<0.05）;路径组总有效率显著高于常规组（P<0.05）。结论 基于资源定制的“技术规范-反复演练-流程完善”路径优化救护车单元对院外心脏停搏患者进行救助,可提高CPR抢救成功率,提高院外急救效率。     

Cardiocerebral resuscitation for cardiac arrest

Survival rates from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest continue to be low despite periodic updates in the Guidelines for Emergency Medical Services and periodic improvements such as the addition of automatic external defibrillators (AEDs). The low incidence of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), substantial time without chest compressions throughout the resuscitation effort, and a lack of response to initial defibrillation after prolonged ventricular fibrillation contribute to these unacceptably poor results. Resuscitation guidelines are only revised every 5 to 7 years and can be difficult to change because of the lack of randomized controlled trials in humans. Such trials are rare because of a number of logistical difficulties, including the problem of obtaining informed consent. An alternative approach to advancing resuscitation science is for evidence-based demonstration projects in areas that have adequate records, so that one may determine whether the new approach improves survival. This is reasonable because the current guidelines make provisions for deviations under certain local circumstances or as directed by the emergency medical services medical director. A wealth of experimental evidence indicates that interruption of chest compressions for any reason in patients with cardiac arrest is deleterious. Accordingly, a new approach to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest called cardiocerebral resuscitation (CCR) was developed that places more emphasis on chest compressions for witnessed cardiac arrest in adults and de-emphasizes ventilation. There is also emphasis on chest compressions before defibrillation in circulatory phase of cardiac arrest. CCR was initiated in Tucson, Arizona, in November 2003, and in two rural Wisconsin counties in early 2004.     

萨勃心肺复苏机抢救心脏骤停患者的效果

目的 评价心肺复苏机抢救心脏骤停患者的治疗效果。方法 将院内抢救的247例心脏骤停患者随机分为两组,分别用萨勃机进行心肺复苏（萨勃机组,n=112例）和采用标准心肺复苏法进行复苏（标准复苏组,n=135例）,除颤、药物应用等基本相同。比较两种方法对心肺复苏成功率及存活率的影响。结果 两组患者抢救开始前的临床状况（年龄、性别、心率、呼吸频率、血压、血氧饱和度和病因类别等均无显著差异,萨勃机组复苏成功率（46.4%）和患者存活率（16.1%）均显著高于标准复苏组（分别是11.1%和4.4%）,差异有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。结论 萨勃机急救心脏骤停患者的效果优于标准心肺复苏法。     

急诊老年人心肺复苏的特点及成功相关因素研究

目的 探讨急诊老年人心肺复苏的特点及成功相关因素.方法 对我院急诊46例接受心肺复苏的老年患者的临床资料与心肺复苏成功率进行相关性分析.结果 我院急诊老年人心肺复苏的成功率为39.1%（18/46）.老年人常见的呼吸心跳骤停原因为心血管系统、中枢神经系统和呼吸系统疾病,同时窒息也是老年人呼吸心脏骤停的重要原因.性别及各种病因对心肺复苏的成功率影响不大;早期发现围心搏骤停前表现可以提高复苏的成功率;合并有多脏器功能衰竭患者复苏成功率下降;患者的平均年龄、发病地点以及并发症对心肺复苏的影响无统计学意义.结论 急诊老年人心肺复苏的成功率与早期发现围心搏骤停前表现呈正相关,与合并多脏器功能衰竭呈负相关.     

Preservation of mitochondrial function with cardiopulmonary resuscitation in prolonged cardiac arrest in rats

During cardiac arrest (CA), myocardial perfusion is solely dependent on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) although closed-chest compressions only provide about 10–20% of normal myocardial perfusion. The study was conducted in a whole animal CPR model to determine whether CPR-generated oxygen delivery preserves or worsens mitochondrial function. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (400–450 g) were randomly divided into four groups: (1) BL (instrumentation only, no cardiac arrest), (2) CA₁₅ (15 min cardiac arrest without CPR), (3) CA₂₅ (25 min cardiac arrest without CPR) and (4) CPR (15 min cardiac arrest, followed by 10 min CPR). The differences between groups were evaluated by measuring mitochondrial respiration, electron transport chain (ETC) complex activities and mitochondrial ultrastructure by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The CA₂₅ group had the greatest impairment of mitochondrial respiration and ETC complex activities (I–III). In contrast, the CPR group was not different from the CA₁₅ group regarding all measures of mitochondrial function. Complex I was more susceptible to ischemic injury than the other complexes and was the major determinant of mitochondrial dysfunction. Observations of mitochondrial ultrastructure by TEM were compatible with the biochemical results. The findings suggest that, despite low blood flow and oxygen delivery, CPR is able to preserve heart mitochondrial function and viability during ongoing global ischemia. Preservation of complex I activity and mitochondrial function during cardiac arrest may be an important mechanism underlying the beneficial effects of CPR which have been shown in clinical studies.     

Use of the impedance threshold device in cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Although approximately one million sudden cardiac deaths occur yearly in the US and Europe, cardiac arrest (CA) remains a clinical condition still characterized by a poor prognosis. In an effort to improve the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) technique, the 2005 American Heart Association (AHA) Guidelines for CPR gave the impedance threshold device (ITD) a Class IIa recommendation. The AHA recommendation means that there is strong evidence to demonstrate that ITD enhances circulation, improves hemodynamics and increases the likelihood of resuscitation in patients in CA. During standard CPR, venous blood return to the heart relies on the natural elastic recoil of the chest which creates a transient decrease in intrathoracic pressure. The ITD further decreases intrathoracic pressure by preventing respiratory gases from entering the lungs during the decompression phase of CPR. Thus, although ITD is placed into the respiratory circuit it works as a circulatory enhancer device that provides its therapeutic benefit with each chest decompression. The ease of use of this device, its ability to be incorporated into a mask and other airway devices, the absence of device-related adverse effects and few requirements in additional training, suggest that ITD may be a favorable new device for improving CPR efficiency. Since the literature is short of studies with clinically meaningful outcomes such as neurological outcome and long term survival, further evidence is still needed.     

老年人心肺复苏的特点及临床分析

目的了解6年来我院老年人心肺复苏（CPR）现状,分析其临床特点,研究防治对策。方法对本院2002年6月至2008年6月发生的335例心跳骤停（CA）的患者资料进行分析,按年龄分为老年组（年龄≥60岁）和非老年组（年龄〈60岁）,比较2组自主循环恢复（ROSC）成功率、脑复苏成功率; 分析2组CPR开始时间、人工气道开始建立时间、CPR持续时间、除颤次数、肾上腺素用量,组间进行比较。结果非老年组ROSC成功率为32.42%,脑复苏率为3.85%,老年组ROSC成功率为20.92%,脑复苏成功率为0.65%。2组之间CPR开始时间、人工气道开始建立时间方面无显著性差异（P〉0.05）,肾上腺素用量上有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。结论老年人CA患者CPR成功率相当低,重视老年人基础疾病的救治,完善急救医疗体系建设,是提高老年人CPR成功率的关键措施。     

急诊心肺复苏72例回顾分析

目的探讨影响心肺复苏成功率的因素。方法回顾性分析急诊科进行心肺复苏72例患者的临床资料。结果成功24例,死亡48例,成功率为33.3%。其中救护车转运途中出现心搏骤停的19例患者中,成功2例,死亡17例,成功率为10.5%。性别和年龄与复苏成功率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。非外伤组的复苏成功率比外伤组高(P0.05)。随着心搏骤停至急诊科开始复苏的时间延长,复苏成功率下降(P0.01)。抢救人员数≤4人组与≥6人组复苏成功率差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论非外伤患者的复苏成功率显著高于外伤患者。危重病人转运途中出现心搏骤停,复苏成功率低。早期复苏和足够的人员参与抢救可提高复苏成功率。     

An insidious and deadly complication of mechanical chest compressions in a patient on anticoagulation and the subtle echocardiographic findings that enabled timely diagnosis

Good‐quality chest compressions improve outcomes in cardiac arrest. While manual chest compressions are suboptimal in this regard, the LUCAS device has been shown to improve the effectiveness of chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The complication rate associated with mechanical CPR, however, has not been adequately studied. Limited evidence suggests no difference in internal injury between manual and mechanical CPR. We report the case of a patient on anticoagulation who developed a mediastinal hematoma post mechanical CPR and on whom subtle findings on initial echocardiography could have alerted the clinician to this complication early during the clinical course. This case further suggests that there may be special populations of patients in whom we may need to be more vigilant in the use of mechanical CPR.     

The role of bicarbonate and fluid loading in improving resuscitation from prolonged cardiac arrest with rapid manual chest compression CPR

Rapid manual chest compression (120 compressions/min) CPR has been shown to improve hemodynamics and survival when compared with standard CPR (60 compressions/min) in a canine model of prolonged cardiac arrest. The study showing improved survival with rapid manual CPR empirically included treatment with bicarbonate and initial fluid loading. To determine the role of bicarbonate and fluid loading in the success of rapid manual chest compression CPR, 31 mongrel dogs were studied. After instrumentation with micromanometer-tipped catheters to measure aortic and right atrial pressures, the animals were assigned sequentially to three treatment groups. Group A underwent rapid manual chest compressions at 120 compressions/min, bicarbonate treatment, and initial fluid loading. Group B underwent rapid manual compressions at 120 compressions/min without bicarbonate or fluid loading. Group C underwent standard CPR at 80 compressions/min with bicarbonate and fluid loading. After 30 minutes of ventricular fibrillation, defibrillation was attempted. Seven of 11 dogs in group A survived 24 hours. None of the animals in group B resuscitated or survived. Three of the ten dogs in group C survived 24 hours. Survival with rapid manual CPR without bicarbonate and initial fluid loading was significantly less than when these interventions were used (P less than .01). To examine the separate contribution of bicarbonate and fluid therapy, two additional groups of animals were studied. Fourteen animals (group D) received rapid manual CPR with bicarbonate therapy, and 12 (group E) received rapid manual CPR with fluid loading only.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)