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1.
Cinzia Giuli R. Papa E. Mocchegiani F. Marcellini 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2012,16(10):875-879
Objectives
To analyse dietary habits and explore the role of socioeconomic status in a sample of elderly Italians.Study design
Observational.Participants and setting
306 elderly subjects aged 65 and over living in the Marche Region (Italy).Measurements
Assessment of dietary habits and life-style characteristics using a ??Life-style questionnaire??. Nutritional data collected by means of a 53-item ??Frequency food questionnaire??.Results
The study revealed differences in dietary patterns and food consumption. Age was negatively related to all food categories. Some socio-economic characteristics (level of education and economic status) were correlated with consumption of many foods, such ad Fish, Red Meat and Diary products. Between-the-sexes differences were also documented.Conclusion
Our findings showed that the nutritional and dietary habits varied greatly within the sample investigated. The mapping of these dietary and nutritional patterns may be of value for future research in elderly populations, particularly those with low educational status and poor economic means. Conclusively, greater promotion of healthy dietary habits should be targeted towards elderly populations. 相似文献2.
Itziar Zazpe Ramón Estruch Estefanía Toledo Ana Sánchez-Taínta Dolores Corella Mónica Bulló Miquel Fiol Pablo Iglesias Enrique Gómez-Gracia Fernando Arós Emilio Ros Helmut Schröder Lluis Serra-Majem Xavier Pintó Rosa Lamuela-Raventós Valentina Ruiz-Gutiérrez Miguel Ángel Martínez-González 《European journal of nutrition》2010,49(2):91-99
Background
Determinants of dietary changes obtained with a nutritional intervention promoting the Mediterranean diet have been rarely evaluated.Aim
To identify predictors of higher success of an intervention aimed to increase adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MeDiet) in individuals at high cardiovascular risk participating in a trial for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: the PREDIMED (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea) trial. Candidate predictors included demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors, and baseline dietary habits.Methods
A total of 1,048 asymptomatic subjects aged 55–80 years allocated to the active intervention groups (subjects in the control group were excluded). Participants’ characteristics were assessed at baseline among subjects. Dietary changes were evaluated after 12 months. Main outcome measures were: attained changes in five dietary goals: increases in (1) fruit consumption, (2) vegetable consumption, (3) monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA)/saturated fatty acid (SFA) ratio, and decreases in (4) sweets and pastries consumption, (5) and meat consumption. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to examine associations between the candidate predictors and likelihood of attaining optimum dietary change (improved adherence to a MeDiet).Results
Among men, positive changes toward better compliance with the MeDiet were more frequent among non-diabetics, and among those with worse dietary habits at baseline (higher consumption of meat, higher SFA intake, lower consumption of fruit and vegetables). Among women, marital status (married) and worse baseline dietary habits (high in meats, low in fruits and vegetables) were the strongest predictors of success in improving adherence to the MeDiet.Conclusions
Some participant characteristics (marital status and baseline dietary habits) could contribute to predicting the likelihood of achieving dietary goals in interventions aimed to improve adherence to a MeDiet, and may be useful for promoting individualized long-term dietary changes and improving the effectiveness of dietary counseling. 相似文献3.
Saraspathy Naidoo Terroso Gama de Mendonça H. C. A. D. N. T. M. Brandão W. A. P. L. N. T. M. Brandão C. A. A. Quintino A. De Francisco E. Teixeira 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2013,17(2):130-135
Objectives
The objectives of this study were to assess data on the consumption frequency of some food items and the places they are purchased, especially by adults and elderly subjects, and finally to determine their food preference using cluster and correspondence analyses as a diagnosis and prevention factor.Design
Cross-sectional study.Setting
Town of Serranópolis do Iguaçú, State of Paraná, Brazil, city with 4,854 inhabitants of which 22% are over 50 years old.Participants
Two hundred and ninety five randomly selected subjects (96 men and 199 women), between 51 and 91 years old.Measurements
A socio-demographic and food frequency questionnaire was applied via home visits including questions on socioeconomic, anthopometric and health characteristics concerning the consumption frequency of 45 food items and the places they were purchased, using a five point category scale to obtain consumption data as well. The body mass index (BMI) was calculated using the Quetelet Index and compared with the World Health Organization Report Consultation on obesity. The cluster and correspondence statistical analysis were used to determine their food preference.Results
From the correspondence mapping (which explained 89.1 % of the variance), it was possible to determine aspects regarding the non-consumption of instant soups, frozen vegetables, cookies, crystallized fruits, canned fruit, distilled drinks and beer.Conclusions
The dimensional representation structure demonstrated that the population of Serranópolis, who were 62 % overweight, preferred high fat content products, suggesting a reevaluation of their eating habits in the expectation of preventing non transmissible chronic diseases. The value given to farm production in Serranópolis do Iguaçú was also observed. 相似文献4.
Hirata A Kishida K Nakatsuji H Inoue K Hiuge-Shimizu A Funahashi T Shimomura I 《Nutrition & metabolism》2012,9(1):4-6
Background
The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has been increasing worldwide. Abdominal obesity or visceral fat accumulation rather than simple obesity is associated with GERD. Previous reports demonstrated the association between GERD and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Signification of visceral fat accumulation and adiponectin in T2DM patients with GERD remains unclear. The present study investigated the relationships between GERD symptoms, visceral fat accumulation and adiponectin in subjects with T2DM.Findings
The study (ADMIT study) subjects were 66 Japanese T2DM outpatients, who answered the questionnaire regarding GERD symptoms in Frequency Scale for the Symptoms of GERD (FSSG), and were measured visceral fat area by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Patients with FSSG scores of more than 8 were considered as positive. The prevalence of FSSG score ?? 8 and average FSSG score in T2DM subjects with the metabolic syndrome (Mets) were significantly higher compared to those without Mets. The prevalence of FSSG score ?? 8 and average FSSG score in T2DM subjects with low levels of serum adiponectin were significantly higher compared to those with high levels of serum adiponectin. Moreover, the combination of Mets and hypoadiponectinemia had a multiplicative effect on GERD symptom score (p = 0.047).Conclusions
Our study showed that the coexistence of MetS and low levels of serum adiponectin was associated with the higher prevalence of FSSG score ?? 8 and the higher scores of GERD symptom in subjects with T2DM.Trial Registration
UMIN 000002271. 相似文献5.
Kemal Sasaki Aya Yoshida Hiroshi Ohta Yoshiharu Aizawa Akiko Kojima Hitomi Chiba Shin Mizuguchi Tatsunori Ishidzuka Hiroshi Goto Chiho Uegaki Kyuhei Kotake 《Environmental health and preventive medicine》2013,18(2):104-109
Objectives
We assessed the association of family history of type 2 diabetes (T2D) with parameters used for health checkups in young Japanese women.Methods
The subjects were 497 nondiabetic women aged 19–39 years. Among them, the mothers of 34 subjects and fathers of 50 had T2D (MD group and PD group, respectively). The subjects were assessed for levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride (TG).Results
TC and LDL-C level showed a tendency to increase in the MD group compared with subjects without family history of T2D. LDL-C/HDL-C ratio ≥2.14 was found in 32.4 and 18.0 % of subjects in the MD and PD groups, respectively. When adjusted for differences in age, body mass index, smoking status, and drinking habits, the MD group was found to have a higher risk of abnormal TC and LDL-C levels than the PD group. LDL-C/HDL-C ratio was independently associated with maternal family history but not with paternal family history (odds ratio 3.44 [99 % confidence interval 1.11–10.6] and 1.21 [0.38–3.89], respectively). There was no association between TG/HDL-C ratio and family history type of T2D.Conclusions
Maternal family history of T2D had a more pronounced effect on the lipid parameters generally evaluated during health checkups than did paternal family history of T2D. Therefore, we recommend systematic screening for early detection and appropriate healthcare guidance for Japanese women, particularly those with maternal family history of T2D. 相似文献6.
Sugiyama S Okuda M Sasaki S Kunitsugu I Hobara T 《Environmental health and preventive medicine》2012,17(5):408-414
Objectives
To investigate breakfast eating habits on daily energy and fish, vegetable, and fruit intake in Japanese adolescents.Methods
This study was completed as part of the Shunan Child Health Cohort Study. Two types of questionnaires, one on lifestyle habits and the other a brief-type, self-administered questionnaire on diet history, were administered to second-year junior high school students (1,876 boys and 1,759 girls) in Shunan City, Yamaguchi, Japan. The different breakfast habits were compared using the general linear model and the estimated means and P value for trend were calculated, with energy-adjusted food intake as the dependent variable and body mass index, gender, age, residential areas, and living status as covariates.Results
In both males and females, the proportion of those who ate breakfast irregularly was about 10%. The daily intake of fish, vegetables, and fruit was significantly higher in those who ate breakfast with their guardians than in those who ate breakfast alone (P for trend <0.01). The daily intake of fish, seafood, and vegetables was significantly higher in those who less frequently ate cooked foods for breakfast (P for trend <0.01). Those who ate rice more frequently than bread at breakfast had a higher daily intake of fish, seafood, and vegetables (P for trend <0.01).Conclusions
Eating breakfast with the family, reducing the intake of cooked foods at breakfast, and eating breakfast with rice as a main staple food are suggested to contribute to an improved quality of diet in adolescents. 相似文献7.
Objectives
Various cross-sectional studies have revealed a significant positive relationship between systemic oxidative stress and obesity-related indices such as body mass index (BMI, kg/m2). However, little is known of the role of oxidative stress during adolescence. The aim of this study was to determine the association between obesity and serum reactive oxygen metabolites (ROM) in adolescents.Method
A total of 595 healthy junior high school students from northern Japan were enrolled in the study. Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring serum levels of ROM. Obesity indices included BMI and percentage body fat (PBF). The analyses were stratified by sex and controlled for age and menarche. Partial correlation coefficients and analysis of covariance were also analyzed.Results
In female students, ROM levels increased with increasing BMI and PBF. Therefore, ROM levels were significantly higher in the underweight group than in the BMI-classified overweight–obese (P < 0.001) and normal weight groups (P < 0.05). ROM levels were significantly higher in the high PBF group than in the underweight (P < 0.05) and normal groups (P < 0.001).Conclusion
The results of this study show that, regardless of menarche, obesity indicators such as BMI and PBF are correlated with the level of oxidative stress in female adolescents. 相似文献8.
Y. Ohshima Toshiki Mizuno K. Yamada S. Matsumoto Y. Nagakane M. Kondo N. Kuriyama T. Miyazaki K. Takeda T. Nishimura M. Nakagawa K. Ozasa Y. Watanabe 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2013,17(5):456-460
Objectives: Purpose
To determine the effects of vitamins and carotenoids on brain white matter lesions (WMLs), we examined the associations between WMLs with vitamin and carotenoid levels in Japanese middle-aged and elderly subjects.Subjects and methods
Four-hundred and sixty-nine healthy participants (male = 317; female = 152) that underwent medical examinations were examined. Deep white matter lesions (DWLs) were detected via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 39 subjects. We evaluated the effects of vitamin and carotenoid levels on DWLs via logistic regression analysis.Results
Lower gamma-tocopherol levels were significantly associated with DWLs in all subjects. While lower gamma-tocopherol and vitamin C levels were significantly associated with DWLs in males, lower delta-tocopherol levels were associated with DWLs in females. The associations between DWLs and lower gamma- and delta-tocopherol and vitamin C levels were independent of age, hypertension, or smoking. However, the associations between DWLs and lower alfatocopherol were not significant following adjustments for smoking.Conclusion
Lower carotenoid and vitamin levels were independently associated with cerebral DWLs in Japanese subjects. 相似文献9.
Michiko Koda Itsuko Kitamura Tomohiro Okura Rei Otsuka Fujiko Ando Hiroshi Shimokata 《Journal of epidemiology / Japan Epidemiological Association》2016,26(4):208-215
Background
Whether smokers and former smokers have worse lipid profiles or glucose levels than non-smokers remains unclear.Methods
The subjects were 1152 Japanese males aged 42 to 81 years. The subjects were divided according to their smoking habits (nonsmokers, former smokers, and current smokers) and their visceral fat area (VFA) (<100 cm2 and ≥100 cm2).Results
The serum triglyceride (TG) levels of 835 males were assessed. In the VFA ≥100 cm2 group, a significantly greater proportion of current smokers (47.3%) exhibited TG levels of ≥150 mg/dL compared with former smokers (36.4%) and non-smokers (18.8%). The difference in TG level distribution between former smokers and non-smokers was also significant. However, among the subjects with VFA of <100 cm2, the TG levels of the three smoking habit groups did not differ. The serum hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels of 877 males were also assessed. In the VFA <100 cm2 group, significantly higher proportions of current smokers (17.9%) and former smokers (14.9%) demonstrated HbA1c levels of ≥5.6% compared with non-smokers (6.3%). In contrast, in the VFA ≥100 cm2 group, significantly fewer former smokers displayed HbA1c levels of ≥5.6% compared with non-smokers and current smokers. Furthermore, the interaction between smoking habits and VFA was associated with the subjects’ TG and HbA1c concentrations, and the associations of TG and HbA1c concentrations and smoking habits varied according to VFA.Conclusions
Both smoking habits and VFA exhibited associations with TG and HbA1c concentrations. The associations between smoking habits and these parameters differed according to VFA.Key words: smoking habits, visceral fat, interaction, serum triglycerides, hemoglobin A1c 相似文献10.
Kazuki Mochizuki Masami Yamada Rie Miyauchi Yasumi Misaki Nobuhiko Kasezawa Kazushige Tohyama Toshinao Goda 《European journal of nutrition》2014,53(5):1187-1194
Purpose
Faster eating is positively associated with body mass index in apparently healthy Japanese populations. In the present study, we examined the associations between self-reported rate of eating and visceral and subcutaneous fat areas in apparently healthy middle-aged Japanese men.Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study of men who participated in health checkups in Japan. We removed participants who were diagnosed with metabolic diseases by the time of their health checkups. A total of 320 subjects aged 30–64 years (mean ± standard deviation, 47.4 ± 8.6 years) were selected. We compared the associations between rate of eating and various clinical parameters including visceral and subcutaneous fat areas, using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), which was adjusted by age and lifestyle factors such as alcohol intake, energy intake, smoking, and physical activity. Multivariate logistic regression analyses (MLRA) were performed with visceral fat area (cm2) as the dependent variable and independent variables that included self-reported rate of eating.Results
Tukey’s multiple test following ANCOVA showed that self-reported rate of eating was positively associated with visceral fat area (cm2), but not with subcutaneous fat area (cm2). MLRA showed that the odds ratio of rate of eating for visceral fat area in tertile (T) 3 (>100 cm2) compared with T1 (≤70 cm2) was 1.99 (95 % CI 1.40–2.90, P < 0.01), and the association remained after adjustment for the subcutaneous fat area.Conclusions
The present results show that self-reported faster eating is positively associated with visceral fat accumulation, independently of subcutaneous fat accumulation, in apparently healthy Japanese men. 相似文献11.
Uchino Y Uchino M Dogru M Fukagawa K Tsubota K 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2012,16(5):478-481
Objective
To determine the antioxidant supplementation effect on accommodation among VDT users.Design
A double blind randomized placebo controlled study. Registered under Clinical Trials.gov Identifier No. NCT00877201.Participants and Controls
Fourty right eyes of 40 healthy VDT users (30 females, 10 males, mean age: 43.8±2.8 years, range: 40?C49 years). 20 subjects (15 females, 5 males; mean age: 44.0±2.7 years, range: 40?C49 years).Methods
Subjects were required to take an antioxidant supplement, 20 age and sex matched subjects (15 females, 5 males; mean age: 43.6±3.1 years, range: 40?C49 years) were required to take placebo medication for 4 weeks.Results
The mean of the change in accommodation power was significantly higher in the group receiving antioxidant supplements (0.20±0.50 Diopter(D)) compared to the placebo group (?0.12±0.48(D)) (p<0.05).Conclusions
Antioxidant supplementation was observed to improve accommodation in Japanese Visual Display Terminal (VDT) Users. 相似文献12.
Joanna Suliburska Paweł Bogdanski Monika Szulinska Danuta Pupek-Musialik Anna Jablecka 《European journal of nutrition》2014,53(2):387-393
Purpose
The aim of this study is to evaluate the long-term influence of l-arginine intake on mineral concentration in patients with obesity and to assess the changes in lipid serum levels, fat content, and insulin resistance that result.Methods
A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study was conducted. 88 obese patients were randomly assigned to receive either 9 g of l-arginine or placebo daily, for 6 months. At baseline and after 6 months, selected anthropometrical measurements and blood biochemical analyses were performed and mineral levels were assessed. To assess insulin sensitivity, the gold-standard euglycemic clamp methodology was used.Results
We found that 6 months of l-arginine supplementation resulted in significant increases in insulin sensitivity (Δ1.1 mg/kg/min, P < 0.01) and zinc levels (Δ1.5 μmol/L, P < 0.001). Moreover, a positive correlation between the change in zinc concentration in serum and the change in insulin sensitivity was observed (R = 0.80, P < 0.01). In the group of patients treated with l-arginine, a negative correlation between the change in zinc concentration in serum and the change in body fat content was noted (R = ?0.38, P < 0.05).Conclusions
l-Arginine supplementation affects zinc status in obese patients. One beneficial influence is related to the improvements in insulin sensitivity. 相似文献13.
Hirokawa K Nagata C Takatsuka N Shimizu N Shimizu H 《Journal of epidemiology / Japan Epidemiological Association》2008,18(4):183-190
Background
There are no strong and consistent predictors of dietary habits although some associations have been shown with psychological factors. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationships between the rationality and anti-emotionality (R/A) personality and dietary consumption in a Japanese community.Methods
The Takayama study is a community-based cohort study on diet and cancer in Gifu, Japan, and was initiated on September 1, 1992. Cross-sectional analyses were conducted on dietary and lifestyle data. The consumption of 169 food and beverage items was measured along with portion size by using a food frequency questionnaire. Questions regarding the R/A-personality scale and lifestyle habits were included in the questionnaire. The participants were 28077 adults (13082 males and 14995 females) aged 35 years and over.Results
Both males and females with high R/A-personality scores (i.e., high degree of rational thought and emotional repression) consumed more soy products, green and yellow vegetables, other vegetables, and seaweed than the other participants. Males with high R/A-personality scores drank fewer alcoholic beverages, and females with high scores were found to snack less on sweet and salty foods than the other participants. Males with high R/A-personality scores showed higher consumption of meat and dairy products, and females with high scores showed higher consumption of fish, shellfish, and eggs than those with low R/A-personality scores.Conclusion
The R/A-personality scale may differentiate dietary habits in males and females in a Japanese community.Key words: Personality, Rationality, Repressed Emotion, Dietary Habits, Lifestyle 相似文献14.
Nobuyuki Miyatake Haruka Murakami Ryoko Kawakami Izumi Tabata Motohiko Miyachi The NEXIS Study Group 《Environmental health and preventive medicine》2014,19(5):362-366
Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the link between circulating leptin levels and physical activity and/or physical fitness in apparently healthy Japanese.Methods
A total of 85 men and 111 women who were not taking any medication were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Circulating leptin levels, physical activity measured by tri-axial accelerometers and peak oxygen uptake were evaluated. We also assessed anthropometric data, blood pressure, blood examinations and energy intake.Results
Circulating leptin levels were 3.2 ± 2.3 ng/mL in men and 5.9 ± 3.8 ng/mL in women. Circulating leptin levels were significantly and positively correlated with body weight, body mass index, abdominal circumference, insulin and the homeostasis model assessment index, and significantly and negatively correlated with peak oxygen uptake in both sexes. Stepwise multiple regression showed that peak oxygen uptake in men and physical activity evaluated by \(\sum {\left[ {{\text{metabolic equivalents }} \times \rm h {\text{ per week}}({\text{METs}}\;\;h/w)} \right]}\) in women were determinant factors for circulating leptin levels after adjusting for confounding factors. 相似文献15.
Background
Amino acids have been reported to act as modulators of various regulatory processes and to provide new therapeutic applications for either the prevention or treatment of metabolic disorders. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effects of single oral dose administration and a continuous treatment of L-tryptophan (L-Trp) on the regulation of blood pressure and glucose metabolism in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP).Methods
First, male 9-week-old SHRSP were administered 100 mg L-Trp·kg-1 body weight in saline to the L-Trp group and 0.9% saline to the control group via a gastric tube as a single oral dose of L-Trp. Second, three groups of SHRSP were fed an AIN-93M-based diet supplemented with L-tryptophan (L-Trp) (0, 200, or 1000 mg·kg-1 diet) for 3 weeks as continuous treatment of L-Trp.Results
Single oral dose administration of L-Trp improved blood pressure, blood glucose, and insulin levels. Blood pressure, blood glucose, and insulin levels improved significantly in the L-Trp treatment groups. The administration of L-Trp also significantly increased plasma nitric oxide and serotonin levels.Conclusion
L-Trp by both single oral dose administration and continuous treatment improves glucose metabolism and blood pressure in SHRSP. 相似文献16.
M. Xu R. Liang Q. Guo S. Wang M. Zhao Z. Zhang Junbo Wang Yong Li 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2013,17(3):223-229
Background: Objective
To observe the effect of prolonged feeding of dietary nucleotides (NTs), and to clarify the effect of NTs on life extension of Sprague-Dawley rats.Methods
There were 50 Sprague-Dawley rats in each group (male:female ratio=1:1), which were fed diets supplemented with NTs at concentrations of 0%, 0.01%, 0.04%, 0.16% and 0.64% (wt/wt) from the age of 4 weeks until natural death. We investigated the moribundity and mortality, survival time, spontaneous tumor incidence, and serum oxidative status.Results
NTs have significantly influence body weight of first 3 month old and food consumption of male rats throughout the life span; it did dose-dependently inhibit the age-related decrease in the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the age-related increase in the levels of lipid peroxidation product in both sexes. NTs notably increased the mean life span, and the maximal life span. Compared to the control group, the incidence of death from tumors was decreased in NTs groups of both sexes.Conclusions
Long-term feeding of NTs could dose-dependently increase life span in Sprague-Dawley rats, especially, the tumor-bearing ones. Moreover, the antioxidative property of NTs may be responsible for the increased life span. 相似文献17.
Machi Suka Takeshi Odajima Masako Okamoto Masahiko Sumitani Takeo Nakayama Hiroki Sugimori 《Environmental health and preventive medicine》2014,19(4):295-306
Objectives
To determine the reading comprehension of health checkup reports in the context of health literacy (HL) in Japanese people.Methods
A web-based survey was conducted among 424 Japanese adults aged 35–59 years. Participants were asked to read specifically designed health checkup reports and then answer a series of questions to examine whether they accomplished the fundamental purposes of health checkup reports (recognition of the problems, recognition of the risk of illness, recognition of the need for preventive action, and motivation for preventive action). HL was simultaneously measured using the 14-item health literacy scale (HLS-14), the 11-item Lipkus scale (Lipkus-J), and the Newest Vital Sign (NVS-J).Results
About 70 % of the study subjects misread the normal/abnormal classification for at least one items. Those with lower HLS-14 scores were significantly less likely to recognize the problems, the risk of illness, and the need for preventive action for the examinee, and also less likely to express their willingness to take preventive action in compliance with the doctor’s advice after having received the health checkup report. Compared with the HLS-14 scores, the Lipkus-J and NVS-J scores showed hardly any association with the reading comprehension of health checkup reports.Conclusion
All examinees do not always have an adequate level of HL. HL may be the major determinant of reading comprehension of health checkup reports. For more effective health checkups, health promotion service providers should become aware of the existence of examinees with inadequate HL and address the problem of misreading health checkup results. 相似文献18.
Dramé M Fierobe F Lang PO Jolly D Boyer F Mahmoudi R Somme D Laniece I Heitz D Gauvain JB Voisin T De Wazieres B Gonthier R Ankri J Saint-Jean O Couturier P Jeandel C Blanchard F Novella JL 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2011,15(5):399-403
Objectives
The aim of the study was to identify factors related to institutionalisation within one-year follow up of subjects aged 75 or over, hospitalised via the emergency department (ED).Design
Prospective multicentre cohort.Setting
Nine French university teaching hospitals.Participants
One thousand and forty seven (1 047) non institutionalised subjects aged 75 or over, hospitalised via ED. A sub group analysis was performed on the 894 subjects with a caregiver.Measurements
Patients were assessed using Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) tools. Cox survival analysis was performed to identify predictors of institutionalisation at one year.Results
Within one year after hospital admission, 210 (20.1%) subjects were institutionalised For the overall study population, age >85 years (HR 1.6; 95% CI 1.1–2.1; p=0.005), inability to use the toilet (HR 1.6; 95%CI 1.1–2.4; p=0.007), balance disorders (HR 1.6; 95%CI 1.1–2.1; p=0.005) and presence of dementia syndrome (HR 1.9; 95%CI 1.4–2.6; p<0.001) proved to be independent predictors of institutionalisation; while a greater number of children was inversely linked to institutionalisation (HR 0.8; 95%CI 0.7–0.9; p<:0.001). Bathing was of borderline significance (p=.09). For subjects with a caregiver, initial caregiver burden was significantly linked to institutionalisation within one year, in addition to the predictors observed in the overall study population.Conclusions
CGA performed at the beginning of hospitalisation in acute medical wards is useful to predict institutionalisation. Most of the predictors identified can lead to targeted therapeutic options with a view to preventing or delaying institution admission. 相似文献19.
Background
Despite many studies on cognitive function and its influential factors among old population, relatively little research has been designed to study the relationship between dietary intake and cognitive function in elderly.Objective
We conducted a population-based, prospective nested case-control study to investigate the association between dietary habits and declines in cognitive function over three years among Chinese illiterate elderly.Design and methods
This study was part of the Chinese Longitudinal Health Longevity Study (CLHLS). Six thousand nine hundred and eleven illiterate residents aged 65 or older were investigated. Socio-demographic and dietary habits data were collected at baseline. The cognitive function of illiterate elderly persons was assessed using Chinese revised Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE-r) in 2002 and 2005. Cognitive decline was defined as MMSE-r score dropped to less than 18 at follow-up among those with normal cognitive function (MMSE-r??18 at baseline). Odds ratios (OR) were calculated via logistic regression models.Results
Five thousand six hundred and ninety one elderly were included in the current analysis. In bivariate analysis, cognitive decline was associated with gender, marital status,financial status, smoking, drinking alcohol, drinking tea, eating fruits, vegetables, legumes, fishes, meat, egg and sugar. Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that always eating vegetable (Adjusted OR: 0.66; 95% confidence intervals, CI: 0.58, 0.75), always consuming legumes (AOR:0.78; 95% CI: 0.64, 0.96) were inversely associated with cognitive decline.Conclusions
Lower intakes of vegetables and legumes were associated with cognitive decline among illiterate elderly Chinese. Dietary factors may be important for prevention cognitive decline. 相似文献20.