重庆市碘缺乏病高危地区重点人群碘营养状况调查与分析

Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional status of targeted population in the high-risk areas of iodine deficiency disorders in Chongqing, so as to provide scientific evidence for establishing prevention and remedial measures. Methods Six towns were selected in Chengkou and Wuxi Counties to found suspected dementia patients born after first Jan, 1997. Two hundred children aged 8-10 years were investigated in every town. The thyroid volume, intelligence quotient(IQ) and urinary iodine of the children were examined. Forty women (pregnant and nursing women) were investigated in every town. The iodine content of salt from their home was measured. The thyroid volume was examined by palpation and B-uhrasound. IQ was measured by combined Raven Test in China(CRT-RC2). Urinary iodine was determined using the acid digest arsenic-cerium contacting method, and iodined salt was detected using direct titration method. Results Six suspected dementia patients were found in the local town hospital. Five eases were excluded. There was 1 case born in other place. The rates of goiter by palpation and B-ultrasound were 9.58%(92/960) and 8.89%(65/731), respectively. The median of urinary iodine of children and women was 319.15 μg/L and 248.42 μg/L, respectively. The mean of IQ of the children was 103.32. The coverage rate of iodine salt from residents was 98.82%(336/340). Conclusions The iodine nutrition of children was good and there is no newly occurred cretinism in Chengkou and Wuxi Counties. Goiter rate and median of urinary iodine aged 8-10 years and of women, coverage rate of iodine salt from resident has meet the standard set for basical elimination iodine deficiency disorders.     

2007年西藏自治区碘缺乏病高危地区重点人群调查分析

Objective To propose prevention and control strategy against iodine deficiency disorders to prevent new cases of endemic cretinism from occurring. Methods In April and August 2007, all the suspected cretinism patients born after the first of January, 1997 were searched for in 16 counties from Lhasa, Shannan, Nyingchi, Qamdo and Xigaze. Meanwhile, 60 children aged 8-10 years were selected in each of the two rural villages of each county chosen. Goiter was examined using palpation and B-ultrasound, urinary iodine was determined, inteligence quotient(IQ) was tested; 30 women of childbearing age from each village chosen underwent urinary iodine test and household salt semi-quantitative detection. Results No new cases of endemic cretinism had been found; Palpation identified goiter at 4.5% (257/5680) in children, B-ultrasound revealed a rate of 4.7% (258/5433). Median of urinary iodine was 159.4 μg/L, the averaged IQ was 78.3±14.5; women of childbearing age had a median urinary iodine of 70.2 μg/L. The coverage rate of iodized salt was 52.8%. Conclusions Goiter rate in children, urinary iodine level meet the standard set for the elimination of iodine deficiency disorders; however, the low IQ children, low coverage of iodized salt and the level of urinary iodine in women of childbearing age are less than desirable. Iodine deficiency disorders prevention and control need to be strengthened.     

2007年西藏自治区碘缺乏病高危地区重点人群调查分析

Objective To propose prevention and control strategy against iodine deficiency disorders to prevent new cases of endemic cretinism from occurring. Methods In April and August 2007, all the suspected cretinism patients born after the first of January, 1997 were searched for in 16 counties from Lhasa, Shannan, Nyingchi, Qamdo and Xigaze. Meanwhile, 60 children aged 8-10 years were selected in each of the two rural villages of each county chosen. Goiter was examined using palpation and B-ultrasound, urinary iodine was determined, inteligence quotient(IQ) was tested; 30 women of childbearing age from each village chosen underwent urinary iodine test and household salt semi-quantitative detection. Results No new cases of endemic cretinism had been found; Palpation identified goiter at 4.5% (257/5680) in children, B-ultrasound revealed a rate of 4.7% (258/5433). Median of urinary iodine was 159.4 μg/L, the averaged IQ was 78.3±14.5; women of childbearing age had a median urinary iodine of 70.2 μg/L. The coverage rate of iodized salt was 52.8%. Conclusions Goiter rate in children, urinary iodine level meet the standard set for the elimination of iodine deficiency disorders; however, the low IQ children, low coverage of iodized salt and the level of urinary iodine in women of childbearing age are less than desirable. Iodine deficiency disorders prevention and control need to be strengthened.     

2007年西藏自治区碘缺乏病高危地区重点人群调查分析

Objective To propose prevention and control strategy against iodine deficiency disorders to prevent new cases of endemic cretinism from occurring. Methods In April and August 2007, all the suspected cretinism patients born after the first of January, 1997 were searched for in 16 counties from Lhasa, Shannan, Nyingchi, Qamdo and Xigaze. Meanwhile, 60 children aged 8-10 years were selected in each of the two rural villages of each county chosen. Goiter was examined using palpation and B-ultrasound, urinary iodine was determined, inteligence quotient(IQ) was tested; 30 women of childbearing age from each village chosen underwent urinary iodine test and household salt semi-quantitative detection. Results No new cases of endemic cretinism had been found; Palpation identified goiter at 4.5% (257/5680) in children, B-ultrasound revealed a rate of 4.7% (258/5433). Median of urinary iodine was 159.4 μg/L, the averaged IQ was 78.3±14.5; women of childbearing age had a median urinary iodine of 70.2 μg/L. The coverage rate of iodized salt was 52.8%. Conclusions Goiter rate in children, urinary iodine level meet the standard set for the elimination of iodine deficiency disorders; however, the low IQ children, low coverage of iodized salt and the level of urinary iodine in women of childbearing age are less than desirable. Iodine deficiency disorders prevention and control need to be strengthened.     

2007年西藏自治区碘缺乏病高危地区重点人群调查分析

Objective To propose prevention and control strategy against iodine deficiency disorders to prevent new cases of endemic cretinism from occurring. Methods In April and August 2007, all the suspected cretinism patients born after the first of January, 1997 were searched for in 16 counties from Lhasa, Shannan, Nyingchi, Qamdo and Xigaze. Meanwhile, 60 children aged 8-10 years were selected in each of the two rural villages of each county chosen. Goiter was examined using palpation and B-ultrasound, urinary iodine was determined, inteligence quotient(IQ) was tested; 30 women of childbearing age from each village chosen underwent urinary iodine test and household salt semi-quantitative detection. Results No new cases of endemic cretinism had been found; Palpation identified goiter at 4.5% (257/5680) in children, B-ultrasound revealed a rate of 4.7% (258/5433). Median of urinary iodine was 159.4 μg/L, the averaged IQ was 78.3±14.5; women of childbearing age had a median urinary iodine of 70.2 μg/L. The coverage rate of iodized salt was 52.8%. Conclusions Goiter rate in children, urinary iodine level meet the standard set for the elimination of iodine deficiency disorders; however, the low IQ children, low coverage of iodized salt and the level of urinary iodine in women of childbearing age are less than desirable. Iodine deficiency disorders prevention and control need to be strengthened.     

2007年西藏自治区碘缺乏病高危地区重点人群调查分析

Objective To propose prevention and control strategy against iodine deficiency disorders to prevent new cases of endemic cretinism from occurring. Methods In April and August 2007, all the suspected cretinism patients born after the first of January, 1997 were searched for in 16 counties from Lhasa, Shannan, Nyingchi, Qamdo and Xigaze. Meanwhile, 60 children aged 8-10 years were selected in each of the two rural villages of each county chosen. Goiter was examined using palpation and B-ultrasound, urinary iodine was determined, inteligence quotient(IQ) was tested; 30 women of childbearing age from each village chosen underwent urinary iodine test and household salt semi-quantitative detection. Results No new cases of endemic cretinism had been found; Palpation identified goiter at 4.5% (257/5680) in children, B-ultrasound revealed a rate of 4.7% (258/5433). Median of urinary iodine was 159.4 μg/L, the averaged IQ was 78.3±14.5; women of childbearing age had a median urinary iodine of 70.2 μg/L. The coverage rate of iodized salt was 52.8%. Conclusions Goiter rate in children, urinary iodine level meet the standard set for the elimination of iodine deficiency disorders; however, the low IQ children, low coverage of iodized salt and the level of urinary iodine in women of childbearing age are less than desirable. Iodine deficiency disorders prevention and control need to be strengthened.     

2007年西藏自治区碘缺乏病高危地区重点人群调查分析

Objective To propose prevention and control strategy against iodine deficiency disorders to prevent new cases of endemic cretinism from occurring. Methods In April and August 2007, all the suspected cretinism patients born after the first of January, 1997 were searched for in 16 counties from Lhasa, Shannan, Nyingchi, Qamdo and Xigaze. Meanwhile, 60 children aged 8-10 years were selected in each of the two rural villages of each county chosen. Goiter was examined using palpation and B-ultrasound, urinary iodine was determined, inteligence quotient(IQ) was tested; 30 women of childbearing age from each village chosen underwent urinary iodine test and household salt semi-quantitative detection. Results No new cases of endemic cretinism had been found; Palpation identified goiter at 4.5% (257/5680) in children, B-ultrasound revealed a rate of 4.7% (258/5433). Median of urinary iodine was 159.4 μg/L, the averaged IQ was 78.3±14.5; women of childbearing age had a median urinary iodine of 70.2 μg/L. The coverage rate of iodized salt was 52.8%. Conclusions Goiter rate in children, urinary iodine level meet the standard set for the elimination of iodine deficiency disorders; however, the low IQ children, low coverage of iodized salt and the level of urinary iodine in women of childbearing age are less than desirable. Iodine deficiency disorders prevention and control need to be strengthened.     

2007年西藏自治区碘缺乏病高危地区重点人群调查分析

Objective To propose prevention and control strategy against iodine deficiency disorders to prevent new cases of endemic cretinism from occurring. Methods In April and August 2007, all the suspected cretinism patients born after the first of January, 1997 were searched for in 16 counties from Lhasa, Shannan, Nyingchi, Qamdo and Xigaze. Meanwhile, 60 children aged 8-10 years were selected in each of the two rural villages of each county chosen. Goiter was examined using palpation and B-ultrasound, urinary iodine was determined, inteligence quotient(IQ) was tested; 30 women of childbearing age from each village chosen underwent urinary iodine test and household salt semi-quantitative detection. Results No new cases of endemic cretinism had been found; Palpation identified goiter at 4.5% (257/5680) in children, B-ultrasound revealed a rate of 4.7% (258/5433). Median of urinary iodine was 159.4 μg/L, the averaged IQ was 78.3±14.5; women of childbearing age had a median urinary iodine of 70.2 μg/L. The coverage rate of iodized salt was 52.8%. Conclusions Goiter rate in children, urinary iodine level meet the standard set for the elimination of iodine deficiency disorders; however, the low IQ children, low coverage of iodized salt and the level of urinary iodine in women of childbearing age are less than desirable. Iodine deficiency disorders prevention and control need to be strengthened.     

2007年西藏自治区碘缺乏病高危地区重点人群调查分析

Objective To propose prevention and control strategy against iodine deficiency disorders to prevent new cases of endemic cretinism from occurring. Methods In April and August 2007, all the suspected cretinism patients born after the first of January, 1997 were searched for in 16 counties from Lhasa, Shannan, Nyingchi, Qamdo and Xigaze. Meanwhile, 60 children aged 8-10 years were selected in each of the two rural villages of each county chosen. Goiter was examined using palpation and B-ultrasound, urinary iodine was determined, inteligence quotient(IQ) was tested; 30 women of childbearing age from each village chosen underwent urinary iodine test and household salt semi-quantitative detection. Results No new cases of endemic cretinism had been found; Palpation identified goiter at 4.5% (257/5680) in children, B-ultrasound revealed a rate of 4.7% (258/5433). Median of urinary iodine was 159.4 μg/L, the averaged IQ was 78.3±14.5; women of childbearing age had a median urinary iodine of 70.2 μg/L. The coverage rate of iodized salt was 52.8%. Conclusions Goiter rate in children, urinary iodine level meet the standard set for the elimination of iodine deficiency disorders; however, the low IQ children, low coverage of iodized salt and the level of urinary iodine in women of childbearing age are less than desirable. Iodine deficiency disorders prevention and control need to be strengthened.     

2007年西藏自治区碘缺乏病高危地区重点人群调查分析

Objective To propose prevention and control strategy against iodine deficiency disorders to prevent new cases of endemic cretinism from occurring. Methods In April and August 2007, all the suspected cretinism patients born after the first of January, 1997 were searched for in 16 counties from Lhasa, Shannan, Nyingchi, Qamdo and Xigaze. Meanwhile, 60 children aged 8-10 years were selected in each of the two rural villages of each county chosen. Goiter was examined using palpation and B-ultrasound, urinary iodine was determined, inteligence quotient(IQ) was tested; 30 women of childbearing age from each village chosen underwent urinary iodine test and household salt semi-quantitative detection. Results No new cases of endemic cretinism had been found; Palpation identified goiter at 4.5% (257/5680) in children, B-ultrasound revealed a rate of 4.7% (258/5433). Median of urinary iodine was 159.4 μg/L, the averaged IQ was 78.3±14.5; women of childbearing age had a median urinary iodine of 70.2 μg/L. The coverage rate of iodized salt was 52.8%. Conclusions Goiter rate in children, urinary iodine level meet the standard set for the elimination of iodine deficiency disorders; however, the low IQ children, low coverage of iodized salt and the level of urinary iodine in women of childbearing age are less than desirable. Iodine deficiency disorders prevention and control need to be strengthened.     

重庆市碘缺乏病高危地区重点人群碘营养状况调查与分析

目的 了解重庆市碘缺乏病高危地区重点人群碘营养状况,有针对性地提出防治对策.方法 2007年4-5月,在重庆市城口、巫溪县的6个乡(镇),搜索所有的1997年1月1日以后出生的疑似地方性克汀病(地克病)儿童;在每个乡分别抽取8～10岁儿童200人,进行甲状腺检查、智商测定和采集尿样测定尿碘;在每乡抽取妇女(孕妇和哺乳期)40人,进行家庭食用盐碘测定和调查居民碘盐覆盖率及采集尿样测定尿碘.儿童甲状腺检查采用诊法和B超法,智商测定采用<中国瑞文联合型测验>(CRT-RC2)农村版,尿碘测定采用酸消化砷铈分光光度法,盐碘测定采用直接滴定法.结果 城口、巫溪县乡镇医院报告疑似地克病6例,排除5例,另外1例为外地出生;8～10岁儿童甲状腺触诊法肿大率为9.58%(92/960),B超法肿大率为8.89%(65/731);儿童平均智商(IQ)为103.32,尿碘中位数为319.15 μg/L;妇女尿碘中位数为248.42 μg/L,居民碘盐覆盖率为98.82%(336/340).结论 重庆市城口、巫溪县儿童碘营养状况良好,未发现当地出生的新发地克病患儿;8～10岁儿童甲状腺肿大率和尿碘,妇女尿碘和居民碘盐覆盖率达到基本消除碘缺乏病标准.     

山东省碘缺乏地区重点人群碘营养调查

目的 了解山东省当前盐碘水平状态下,碘缺乏地区重点人群碘营养状况及防治措施落实情况,为今后防治工作提供依据.方法 2007年,在山东省碘缺乏地区选择山区的岱岳、蒙阴,平原的莒县、高密,沿海的招远,共5个县(市、区)作为调查地区,在每个县(市、区)选择1个乡(镇)作为调查点.采用触诊、B超法进行8～10岁儿童甲状腺检查,直接滴定法检测其家中食用盐含碘量;砷铈催化分光光度法检测8～10岁儿童、孕妇、哺乳期妇女、2岁内婴幼儿及20～45岁育龄妇女5种重点人群的尿碘水平.结果 共检查514例8～10岁儿童甲状腺,触诊甲状腺肿大率为1.8%(9/514),B超检查甲状腺肿大率为1.2%(6/514);共检测501份食用盐,盐碘均值为30.95 mg/kg,碘盐覆盖率为94.6%(474/501),合格碘盐食用率为90.4%(453/501);共检测1707份尿样,尿碘中位数为216.7μg/L,8～10岁儿童、孕妇、哺乳期妇女、2岁内婴幼儿及20～45岁育龄妇女尿碘中位数分别为234.0、165.5、162.4、257.5、233.0μg/L.结论 山东省碘缺乏地区重点人群碘营养水平处于适宜或较适宜状态.表明目前盐碘水平能够满足山东省不同碘缺乏地区人群对碘的需求.

Abstract：

Objective To learn the iodine nutritional status of the vulnerable population with different iodine level under the current level of iodized salt in Shandong province and to offer prevention and cure measures.Methods Five groups of vulnerable population including school children aged 8 - 10, pregnant, lactation women, infants and women of childbearing age from mountain areas ( Daiyue, Mengyin counties ) , plain ( Luxian,Gaomi counties ) and coastal (Zhaoyuan county ) of five different iodine deficient areas were investigated in 2007.The thyroids of children aged 8 - 10 were checked by palpation and B ultrasound, their edible salt iodine level was detected by direct titration. The lever of urinary iodine of vulnerable population was examined by arsenic and cerium speetrophotometry. Results The goiter rates of 8 - 10 year-old were 1.8%(9/514) and 1.2%(6/514), respectively by palpation and B-ultrasonic. The mean iodine of 501 edible salt samples was 30.95 mg/kg. The coverage rate of iodized salt was 94.6% (474/501). The rate of qualified iodized salt was 90.4% (453/501). The median of urinary iodine was 216.7 μg,/L. The urinary iodine of school children aged 8 - 10, pregnant, lactation women, infants and women of childbearing age were 234.0, 165.5, 162.4, 257.5, 233.0 μg/L, respectively. Conclusions Current iodine nutritional level is basically appropriate in all groups of vulnerable people. The current iodine content of iodized salt could meet the needs of population from different iodine deficient areas of Shandong province.     

2009年江苏省碘缺乏病病情调查结果分析

目的 调查2009年江苏省碘缺乏病病情现状,对江苏省食盐加碘近15年来可持续消除碘缺乏病防治效果进行评价,为相关政策调整提供科学依据.方法 2009年,在江苏省除去高碘地区外,采用人口比例概率抽样方法(PPS)选取30个县(市、区),在每个县(市、区)抽取40名8～10岁儿童作为调查对象,采用触诊和B超法检测儿童甲状腺肿大情况并测定其尿碘,采集其家中食用盐样测定含碘量,同时进行智商检测.采用问卷对儿童和妇女进行健康教育调查.结果 本次调查共检测1200名8～10岁儿童甲状腺,触诊法和B超法甲状腺肿大率分别为1.70%(20/1200)、1.00%(12/1200),甲状腺容积中位数为1.3 ml;共检测1200份盐样,居民户碘盐覆盖率、合格碘盐食用率分别为97.5%(1170/1200)、94.5%(1134/1200);共检测598名8～10岁儿童尿样,尿碘中位数为325.3 μg/L;598名8～10岁儿童智商为112.4±13.2,智力低下比例占0.5%(3/598);636名学生及149名家庭妇女健康教育知晓率分别为95.9%(1830/1908)、96.4%(431/447).结论 江苏省防治碘缺乏病效果显著,成绩稳固,建议应根据人群碘营养水平适时调整盐碘,监测时应考虑特需人群,可与以县为单位的碘盐监测有机结合开展.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the control effect of the policy sustainable elimination of iodine deficiency disorders on the disease status after 15 years salt iodization, and to provide a scientific basis for the relevant policy adjustments. Methods Probability sampling method (PPS) was used to select 30 counties in Jiangsu province(except those iodine excess areas), of each county 40 children aged 8 - 10 were selected as the investigation objects, their thyroids were examined by palpation and B ultrasound, urinary iodine(UI), household salt iodine, and intelligence quotient(IQ) were also investigated. A questionnaire-based health education survey of children and women was also conducted. Results A total of 1200 salt samples were detected and the coverage and qualified rates of iodized salt were 97.5%(1170/1200) and 94.5%(1134/1200), respectively. Five hundred and ninety eight urinary samples of children aged 8 to 10 were detected. The median urinary iodine was 325.3 μg/L. Of 1200 children aged 8 to 10 examined, goiter was 1.70% (20/1200) by palpation and 1.00% (12/1200) by B ultrasound. Average IQ of those 598 children was 112.4 ± 13.2, and the proportion of mental retardation was 0.5% (3/598). The health education awareness were 95.9%(1830/1908) and 96.4%(431/447) for 636 students and 149 family women, respectively. Conclusions The control effect of iodine deficiency disorders is significant in Jiangsu province. Salt iodine concentration should be adapted to people's iodine nutritional status. Iodine nutrition needs of special population such as pregnant, lactation women and infants should be taking into account, and should also be combined with salt iodization status surveillance at county level.     

2009年西宁市碘缺乏病防治效果调查

目的 掌握西宁市基本达到消除碘缺乏病阶段目标后,碘缺乏病的防治效果及人群碘营养状况.方法 2009年调查西宁市7个县(区),每个县(区)按东、西、南、北、中抽取5个乡(镇),每个乡(镇)抽取1所学校,每所学校抽取80名8～10岁学生,采用触诊法检查儿童甲状腺肿大情况,采用过硫酸铵消化砷铈催化分光光度法测定儿童尿碘,采用直接滴定法测定学生家中食用盐含碘量.结果 共抽检2919名8～10岁儿童,检出甲状腺肿大31名,甲状腺肿大率为1.06%(31/2919).共检测儿童尿样1078份,尿碘中位数为205.3μg/L,＜20 μg/L的占1.9%(20/1078),＜50 μg/L的占4.5%(48/1078).共检测2079份盐样,盐碘中位数为32.80 mg/kg,非碘盐率为0.87%(18/2079),碘盐覆盖率为99.13%(2061/2079),碘盐合格率为98.64%(2033/2061),合格碘盐食用率为97.79%(2033/2079).结论 西宁市碘缺乏病防治工作取得了明显成效,各项指标均达到国家碘缺乏病消除标准.

Abstract：

Objective To master iodine nutritional status of people after universal salt iodization in Xining that reached the stage goal of elimination iodine deficiency disorders. Methods In the 7 counties investigated of Xining in 2009, 5 towns were randomly selected in each county, and one school was randomly selected in each town, 80 children aged 8 to 10 were randomly selected in each school, and goiter were examined, urinary iodine and salt iodine were tested. Thyroid gland goiter of children was detected by thyroid palpation, children's urinary iodine was tested by As( Ⅲ )-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry, and salt iodine was tested by direct titration. Results A total of 2919 children aged 8 to 10 were examined, 31 goiter was detected, goiter rate was 1.06%(31/2919).One thousand and seventy-eight urine samples were detected, urinary iodine median was 205.3 μg/L, that lower than 20 μg/L accounted for 1.9% (20/1078), lower than 50 μg/L accounted for 4.5%(48/1078). Two thousand and seventy-nine salt samples were detected, median of salt iodine was 32.80 mg/kg, the rate of non-iodized salt was 0.87%(18/2079), the coverage rate of iodized salt was 99.13%(2061/2079), the qualified rate of iodized salt was 98.64% (2033/2061), the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 97.79% (2033/2079). Conclusions Prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders has achieved remarkable results in Xining city, all indicators have reached the national standard to eliminate iodine deficiency disorders.     

新疆阿克苏地区重点人群碘营养和智力水平调查

目的 了解有新发克汀病患儿的新疆缺碘地区--阿克苏地区拜城和乌什县重点人群的碘营养现状及智力水平.方法 在拜城和乌什县按东、西、南、北4个地理方位,抽取托克逊、温巴什、察尔其,阿合雅、牙满苏、依麻木、亚克瑞克和乌什镇共8个乡镇的10所村小学,每所小学中抽取8～10岁3个年龄组儿童各10名,男女各半,共300名;从上述8个乡镇抽取未口服碘油丸的哺乳妇女及其所生0～2岁婴幼儿104对.调查上述地区碘盐食用情况、8～10岁儿童尿碘和甲状腺肿大(甲肿)率、哺乳期妇女的尿碘和儿童及婴幼儿智力发育情况.盐碘测定采用直接滴定法,尿碘测定采用过硫酸铵消化-砷铈催化分光光度法,甲状腺检查采用触诊法,智力发育水平的测定分别采用中国第2次修订<联合瑞文测验指导书>(CR-TCR2)和丹佛智能发育筛查法(DDST).结果 两县碘盐覆盖率为73.1%(123/182),合格碘盐食用率为641%(118/182),儿童尿碘中位数为103.7μg/L[<100μg/L的比率为47.8%(75/157),<50μg/L的比率为28.0%(44/157)].其中拜城县儿童尿碘的中位数为123.0μg/L[<100μg/L的比率为44.4%(28/63),<50μg/L的比率为33.3%(21/63)],乌什县为100.3μg/L[<100μg/L的比率为50.0%(47/94),<50μg/L的比率为24.5%(23/94)].哺乳妇女尿碘的中位数为143.3μg/L,其中拜城县为119.7μg/L,乌什县为184.6μg/L.儿童甲肿率为14.3%(43/300),其中拜城县为10.8%(13/120),乌什县为16.6%(30/180).儿童平均智商为80.6±11.6,智力落后率为13.0%(39/300,智商≤69),其中拜城县儿童平均智商为83.0±11.6,乌什县为79.0±11.7,智力落后率分别为6.7%(8/120)和17.2%(31/180).婴幼儿智力发育正常所占的比例为78.8%(82/104),可疑比例为12.5%(13/104),发育异常比例为8.7%(9/104).结论 新疆拜城和乌什县重点人群依然存在不同程度的碘营养缺乏,缺碘是导致学龄儿童智力水平下降和婴幼儿脑发育迟滞的主要原因.     

2008-2009年青岛市居民饮用水水碘和盐碘及8～10岁儿童尿碘调查结果分析

目的 掌握青岛市实行村村通工程后的居民饮用水含碘量和盐碘以及8 ～ 10岁儿童尿碘情况,为政府决策提供依据.方法 2008年3月至2009年7月,在青岛市范围内,采集12个区(市)的居民生活饮用水及水源水样,采集8～ 10岁儿童的尿样,用砷铈催化分光光度测定方法检测水样和尿样中含碘量;采集居民户食用盐盐样,用直接滴定法检测食用盐含碘量.结果 共检测水样5067份,水含碘量中位数为7.35 μg/L;共检测1182名8～ 10岁儿童尿样,尿碘范围为4.6～5995.3μg/L,中位数为200.6 μg/L;检测居民户食用盐样3504份,非碘盐率为1.74％( 61/3504),碘盐覆盖率为98.26％ (3443/3504),合格碘盐食用率为96.32％(3375/3504).结论 青岛市仍属于环境缺碘地区,在推行食盐加碘政策下,青岛市居民的碘营养状况是适宜的.应该继续推行以食盐加碘为主预防碘缺乏病的综合防治措施.     

福建省厦门市沿海产盐区与非产盐区特需人群碘营养状况研究

目的 了解厦门市沿海产盐区和非产盐区碘特需人群碘营养状况,为采取针对性防治碘缺乏病措施提供依据.方法 2009年,在福建省厦门市选择沿海产盐区(翔安区)和非产盐区(集美区)为调查点,每个区采集出厂水1份和末梢水2份,检测水含碘量;选择600名8～ 10岁儿童,进行甲状腺触诊检查,并采集尿样及家中盐样,检测含碘量;选择孕妇、哺乳期妇女、0～2岁婴幼儿各60人,采集尿样、家中盐样,检测尿碘、盐含碘量.结果 翔安区、集美区水含碘量分别为3.1、6.05 μg/L,合格碘盐食用率分别为84.4％ (438/519)、98.3％ (392/399);8～10岁儿童甲状腺肿大率分别为3.03％(19/628)、0.67％(4/600),尿碘中位数分别为202.80、238.40 μg/L,＜50μg/L的比例分别为3.5％ (14/405)、1.0％(2/202);孕妇尿碘中位数分别为120.55、153.35μg/L,尿碘＜150 μg/L的比例分别为62.1％(46/74)、46.8％(29/62),孕早、孕中、孕晚期孕妇尿碘中位数分别为173.10、144.75、101.90μg/L,孕早期高于孕中、孕晚期(Z=6.151、3.052,P均＜0.05),孕中期高于孕晚期(Z=2.016,P＜0.05);哺乳期妇女尿碘中位数分别为131.20、104.35μg/L,＜100 μg/L的比例分别为35.3％ (24/68)、46.7％ (28/60);婴幼儿尿碘中位数分别为81.95、80.20 μg/L,＜100μg/L的比例分别为59.7％(37/62)、61.6％( 40/65),尿碘＜50 μg/L的比例分别为32.3％(20/62)、30.8％ (20/65).结论 产盐区的翔安区和非产盐区的集美区的哺乳期妇女、孕妇和婴幼儿的碘营养未达理想水平,其中婴幼儿和产盐区孕妇处于碘营养不足,应引起高度重视.要加强碘盐市场监管,开展对孕妇、哺乳期妇女和婴幼儿的碘营养监测,做好碘特需人群碘营养知识的宣传,及时指导科学补碘.     

2007年西藏自治区碘缺乏病高危地区重点人群调查分析

目的 掌握西藏自治区碘缺乏病防治工作现况,提出有针对性的防治对策,杜绝新发地方性克汀病(简称地克病)的发生.方法 2007年4-8月在拉萨、山南、林芝、昌都、日喀则5个地区的16个县,搜索所有1997年1月1日以后出生的疑似克汀病患者,在每个乡选择2个村,每个村选取60名8～10岁儿童,采用触诊法和B超法进行甲状腺检查、尿碘测定、智商测查;每个村选择30户育龄妇女进行尿碘测定,并对其家中食盐进行半定量检测.结果 调查未发现新发克汀病患者.触诊法检查,8～10岁儿童甲状腺肿大(简称甲肿)率为4.5%(257/5680);B超法检查,甲肿率为4.7%(258/5433).8～10岁儿童尿碘中位数为159.4μg/L,智商为78.3±14.5;育龄妇女的尿碘中位数为70.2μg/L;碘盐覆盖率为52.8%.结论 儿童甲肿率、尿碘水平达到了消除碘缺乏病标准;但是儿童智商偏低,育龄妇女尿碘水平较低,碘盐覆盖率较低,碘缺乏病的防治工作需要加强.     

福建省2011年碘盐质量与不同人群碘营养状况分析

目的了解福建省食用盐碘含量调整前不同人群的碘营养现状,为今后评估调整效果提供依据。方法 2011年在福建省84个县(市、区),每个县按照东、西、南、北、中各随机抽取一定比例的乡(镇、街道),进行居民户食用盐碘含量监测;每个县各抽取5个乡(镇、街道),每个乡(镇、街道)抽取8～10岁20名儿童,检测其尿碘含量;在全省按照PPS法抽取30个县(市、区),每个县抽取3个乡(镇、街道),每个乡(镇、街道办事处)抽取孕妇和哺乳期妇女各5人检测尿碘。结果全省共监测24 277份盐样,盐碘中位数28.93 mg/kg,合格碘盐食用率为96.96%,碘盐覆盖率为98.21%,碘盐合格率为98.73%。8 440名8～10岁儿童尿碘中位数为192.0μg/L,内陆地区8～10岁尿碘中位数高于沿海地区儿童。孕妇尿碘中位数为147.2μg/L,低于WHO推荐的150～249μg/L;哺乳期妇女尿碘水平为134.1μg/L,达到WHO推荐的100μg/L。结论现有的碘盐浓度下福建省居民碘营养水平基本适宜,不存在碘过量的问题,需关注孕妇碘营养不足的问题。     

山东省日照市沿海与非沿海地区8～10岁儿童碘营养水平调查

目的 调查山东省日照市沿海与非沿海地区8～10岁儿童碘营养状况,为因地制宜、科学补碘提供参考依据.方法 2009、2010年,选择日照市紧靠海岸的东港区和岚山区为沿海地区调查点,以远离海岸50 km以外的莒县和五莲县为非沿海地区调查点.采用硫酸铈催化分光光度法,检测调查点所有自然村及居民饮用水供水点的含碘量;以县为单位,按东、西、南、北、中5个方位,抽取5～9个乡,每乡抽取4个行政村,每村抽取8～ 15户居民,采集食用盐样,用直接滴定法检测盐碘;每个县抽取5所小学,每所小学抽取60名8～10岁儿童,采用触诊法进行甲状腺检查,收集其中20名儿童的即时尿样,采用砷铈催化分光光度法测定尿碘.结果 共检测居民饮用水样3483份,沿海及非沿海地区水碘≤10μg/L的比例分别为90.03％(1011/1123)和91.10％(2150/2360),水碘中位数分别为5.6、4.2μg/L;检测居民户食用盐1164份,盐碘中位数分别为29.03、29.99mg/kg,合格碘盐食用率分别为96.77％(569/588)和97.05％(559/576);共调查8～ 10岁儿童1200名,甲状腺肿大率分别为1.17％(7/600)和1.33％(8/600);共检测8～ 10岁儿童尿样476份,尿碘中位数分别为144.05、159.15 μg/L,＜100 μg/L的比例分别为26.58％(63/237)和22.59％ (54/239),100～300 μg/L的比例分别为66.67％(158/237)和64.02％(153/239),＞300 μg/L的比例分别为6.75％(16/237)和13.39％(32/239).结论 日照市沿海地区外环境缺碘.目前居民户合格碘盐普及情况适宜,8～ 10岁儿童碘营养水平适宜,达到国家消除碘缺乏病(IDD)标准要求,不存在碘过量的问题.沿海和非沿海地区在同样食用碘盐的情况下碘营养水平未见明显差异,无需实行差异化碘盐供应.