Contents of chemical elements in stomach during prenatal development： different age-dependent dynamical changes and their significance

AIM: To observe dynamic of different chemical elements in stomach tissue during fetal development.METHODS: TO determine contents of the 21 chemical elements in each stomach samples from fetus aging four to ten months. The content values were compared to those from adult tissue samples, and the values for each month group were also analyzed for dynamic changes.RESULTS: Three representations were found regarding the relationship between contents of the elements and ages of the fetus, including the positive correlative (K), reversely correlative (Na, Ca, P, Al, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cr, Sr, Li, Cd, Ba,Se) and irrelevant groups (Mg, Co, Ni, V, Pb, Ti).CONCLUSION: The chemical elements‘ contents in stomach tissues were found to change dynamically with the stomach weights. The age-dependent representations for different chemical elements during the prenatal development may be of some significance for assessing development of fetal stomach and some chemical elements. The data may be helpful for the nutritional balance of fetus and mothers during prenatal development and even the perinatal stages.     

肝炎、肝硬变和肝癌大鼠血中10种微量元素的变化

本文系列观察了DAB诱发肝炎、肝硬变和肝癌大鼠血中10种微量元素变化及其变化规律。给予Wistar大鼠喂养DAB饲料26周。在实验第8周(肝炎期)、18周(肝硬变期)和26周(肝癌期)分别检测6只肝炎、肝硬变和肝癌大鼠血中10种微量元素。结果显示:肝炎时仅Mn低于正常组(P<0.005);肝硬变时Mn、Ba、Fe、Si、Zn和Se均显著低于正常组(P<0.05～0.001),Cu显著高于正常组(P<0.001);肝癌时Mn、Ba、Fe、Si、Zn、Se和Mo均显著低于正常组(P<0.05～0.001),Cu和Cr显著高于正常组(P<0.001)。结果表明:1.肝病越重,微量元素变化越明显;2.Se、Zn、Mn、Si、Fe、Mo和Ba可能对肝硬变和肝癌有预防作用。     

肝炎、肝硬变和肝癌大鼠血中10种微量元素的变化

本系列观察了DAB诱发肝炎、肝硬变和肝癌大鼠血中l0种微量元索变化及其变化规律。给予Wistar大鼠喂养DAB饲料26周，在实验第8周(肝炎期)、18周(肝硬变期)和26周(肝癌期)分别检测6只肝炎、肝硬变和肝癌太鼠血中10种微量元索。结果显示，肝炎时仅Mn低于正常组(P<0．005)；肝硬变时Mn、Ba、Fe、Si、Zn和Se均显低于正常组(P<0．05～0．001)，Cu显高于正常组(P<0．001)；肝癌时Mn、Ba、Fe、Si、Zn、Se和Mo均显低于正常组(P<0．05～0．001)，Cu和Cr显高于正常组(P＜0．001)。结果表明：1．肝病越重一微量元素变化越明显；2．Se、Zn、Mn、Si、Fe、Mo和Ba可能对肝硬变和肝癌有预防作用。     

克山病患者与健康人心肌元素含量均值向量比较和对应分析

对18例克山病患者及43例健康人心肌 Ba、Ca、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、K、Mg、Mn、Na、P、Ti、Zn 和 Se 含量的两个均值向量进行了比较,结果表明其差异非常显著(P<0.01)。对应分析取最大的两个特征根(其和超过全部特征根之和的85%)绘成二维图,可见:克山病组与健康组分界明确;Se、Zn、Cu、P、Mg 和 K 与健康组关系密切;Ca、Co 和 Na 与克山病组关系密切;Ba、Fe、Mn、Ti、Cd 和 Cr 似乎与两组关系都不密切。     

氟对雄性大鼠睾丸组织金属元素水平的影响

目的 探讨慢性氟中毒对大鼠睾丸组织金属元素水平的影响,为氟的生殖毒性研究提供一定实验依据.方法 健康雄性Wistar大鼠32只,体质量150～180 g,按体质量随机分为4组,生理盐水(对照)组、低、中、高氟组(100、200、300 mg-kg-1·d-1NaF),每组8只,灌胃染毒90 d,每天称体质量.染氟结束次日,颈椎脱位法处死大鼠,摘取睾丸组织,原子吸收分光光度计测定睾丸组织中会属元素钙(Ca)、铁(Fe)、锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)和镁(Mg)水平.结果 染氟第30天大鼠体质量组间比较,差异有统计学意义(F=3.884,P<0.05),其中低、中氟组[(235.00±14.56)、(235.44±24.99)g]高于高氟组[(206.00±18.16)g,P均<0.05];第0、60、90天大鼠体质量组间比较,差异无统计学意义(F值分别为0.501、0.578、1.893,P均>0.05).4组大鼠睾丸组织Ca、Zn和Mg组间比较,差异有统计学意义(F值分别为6.630、6.844、5.333,P均<0.05),其中元素Ca低氟组[(56.15±4.21)mg/kg]较对照组[(77.57±6.66)mg/kg]降低,元素Zn低、中、高氟组[(4.80±0.55)、(4.56±0.33)、(5.46±0.79)mg/kg]较对照组[(7.16±0.28)mg/kg]降低,元素Mg高氟组[(32.44±1.53)mg/kg]较对照组[(42.54±8.07)mg/kg]降低(P均<0.05);4组大鼠睾丸组织Fe和Cu组间比较,差异无统计学意义(F值分别为1.324、0.207,P均>0.05).结论 慢性氟中毒可通过影响大鼠睾丸组织金属元素水平损害大鼠生殖系统.

Abstract：

Objective To probe into the effects of fluoride on metal elements in the testis tissue of male rats, and provide experimental basis to further research for reproductive toxicity of fluoride. Methods Thirty-two healthy male Wistar rats, weighting 150 - 180 g, were randomly divided into 4 groups, normal sodium(control) by intragastrie administration for 90 days, and body weight was observed daily. After the last intragastric administration, all rats were killed by cervical dislocation. The contents of calcium(Ca), ferri(Fe), zincum(Zn),cuprum(Cu ) and magnesium(Mg) in the testis tissue were measured by atomic absorption speetrophotometry.Results After 30 days exposure, the difference of body weight between groups was statistically significant(F=3.884, P < 0.05). The body weight in low- and medium-dose groups[(235.00 :t: 14.56), (235.44 ± 24.99)g] were significant increased than high-dose group[(206.00 ± 18.16)g, all P < 0.05]. There was no significant difference of body weight between the groups at 0, 60 and 90 days(F = 0.501, 0.578, 1.893, all P > 0.05). The difference of Ca, Zn and Mg levels among four groups was statistically significant(F = 6.630, 6.844, 5.333, all P < 0.05). The content of Ca of the low-dose group[(56.15 + 4.21 )mg/kg] decreased than that of the control group[(77.57 ± 6.66)mg/kg, P < 0.05];the content of Zn of the low-, medium- and high-dose groups[(4.80 ± 0.55), (4.56 ± 0.33),(5.46 ± 0.79 )mg/kg] deceased than that of the control group [(7.16 ± 0.28 )mg/kg, all P < 0.05];the content of Mg of the high-dose group [(32.44 ± 1.53 ) mg/kg] decreased than that of the control group [(42.54 ± 8.07 ) mg/kg,all P < 0.05]. The difference of testis Fe and Cu between four groups was not statistically significant(F = 1.324,0.207, all P > 0.05). Conclusion Chronic fluorosis can affect the levels of metal elements in rat testis and damage the reproductive system.     

Reduced antioxidant level and increased oxidative damage in intact liver lobes during ischaemia-reperfusion

AIM:To determine whether increased blood flow of theliver can cause oxidative stress and hepatocyte damage,and to elaborate methods suitable for measuring theantioxidant defence during hepatic surgery on rat model.METHODS:In nembutal narcosis,the left lateral andthe medial lobes of the liver were clipped for 45 minto make the total blood supply flow through the otherlobes.Total antioxidant status,glutathione peroxidaseand superoxide dysmutase activity,as well as theconcentrations of diene conjugates and free sulphydrilgroups,H-donating ability and reducing power of theliver samples were determined.Chemiluminescentintensity of the liver was also measured.Metal ions(Al,Ca,Cu,Fe,Mg,Mn,Zn)and P and S concentrations ofthe liver were determined with an inductively coupledplasma optical emission spectrometer and Se contentwas measured by cathodic stripping voltammetry.RESULTS:Glutathione peroxidase and superoxidedysmutase activities of the liver decreased significantlyin the hyperemia group compared to those observedin the sham operated group.The level of totalantioxidant status was also significantly lower in thehyperemia group.H-donating ability,reducing powerand free sulphydril group concentration showed thesame tendency.A significant correlation(P<0.05)wasfound between the changes in non-specific antioxidantactivities.This pointed to simultaneous activity of the antioxidant defence system.AI,Cu,Mn,Zn,and S werelower in the hyperemia group than in the sham operatedgroup when the levels of Ca,Fe,Mg,Se and P ions werehigher during hyperemia.CONCLUSION:Oxidative stress is one of the mainfactors for the injury of intact liver lobes duringischaemia-reperfusion.     

地方性甲状腺肿流行区智力低下儿童头发中14种元素分析

本文用ICP-AES法测定了地甲肿流行区63名儿童(其中智力低下患儿41名)头发中Zn、Pb、Fe、Cu、Mn、Ca、Mg、Al、Sr、Ni、Cr、Sn、Se、I等14种常、微量元素的含量。结果表明智力低下儿童头发中Zn、Pb、Ca、Ni、Cr明显低于非病区对照组,而Fe、Mn、Al则明显高于非病区对照组。提示地甲肿流行区智力低下的发生,碘缺乏不是唯一的病因,而是多种元素作用的结果。     

肝硬化患者血清微量元素研究

作者检测了15名肝硬化患者血清中17种微量元素和3种常量元素含量,并抽取42名健康人辅以对照。除血清Se由F-78脉冲极谱仪分析外,Fe、Cu、Mn、Zn、Co、Mo、Cr、Sn、V、Si、Ni、Al、Cd、Pb、Sr、Ti、Mg、Ca、P等19种元素采用ICAP-9000型等离子体直读光谱仪测定。结果表明,肝硬化患者血清Zn、Se低于对照组,但血清Cu、Cr、Sn、Si、Ni、Al、Pb、Mg等较高。进一步分析发现,肝硬化患者普遍低Se,血清Se平均值约占正常组1/3。低Se率和低Zn率高于健康人群。作者尝试探讨肝硬化血清微量元素变化的可能机制。     

过量氟对大鼠不同组织铜、锌、铁、锰、硒水平的影响

目的　研究慢性氟中毒大鼠在不同染氟剂量及时间内 ,体内不同组织中铜 (Cu)、锌 (Zn)、铁 (Fe)、锰 (Mn)、硒 (Se)的变化 ,探讨过量氟 (F)对不同组织中各元素水平的影响。方法　 SD大鼠 70只分为对照组和低、中、高剂量染氟组 ,观察实验后 3个月 (42只 )和 5个月 (2 8只 )的变化 ,低钙饲料喂养 3个月及 5个月后 ,取氟中毒大鼠心、肝、肾、脾、肌肉、四肢骨及血清 ,分析 F、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Se含量。结果　染氟后各组织氟含量均有不同程度升高 ,随时间不同 ,组织中的氟含量呈现动态过程。多元逐步回归分析结果显示 ,染氟 3个月后肌肉中 F与Se,肝脏中 F与 Se,脾脏中 F与 Zn、Cu、Se呈显著性相关 (P <0 .0 5) ;染氟 5个月后血清中 F与 Zn,肝脏中 F与Cu、Zn,肾脏中 F与 Mn呈显著性相关 (P <0 .0 5)。结论　氟中毒大鼠不同组织中相关元素含量随染氟剂量、时间不同而变化     

血清微量元素水平与轻度认知功能障碍的相关性

目的探讨老年人轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)与血清微量元素水平的相关性。方法选择136例MCI患者为研究组,136例健康老人为对照组,检测所有受试者血清微量元素铜(Cu)、铁(Fe)、锌(Zn)、钙(Ca)、镁(Mg)、硒(Se)、砷(As)、锰(Mn)、铝(Al)、镉(Cd)含量。结果 1研究组与对照组相比,血清Cu、Zn、Fe含量较低,Mn、Al、Cd含量较高(P0.05)。2多重相关性分析显示,研究组患者血清Cu、Zn、Fe含量与Mo CA评分显正相关,r值分别为0.503,0.712和0.603,P值均为0.000;Mn、Al、Cd含量与Mo CA的评分显负相关,r值分别为-0.204,-0.886,-0.208,P值分别为0.017,0.000,0.015。3Spearman直线相关分析,研究组患者与认知功能相关并具有临床意义的因素有低Zn,高Mn、高Al、高Cd。t值分别为1.990、-3.440、-8.074和5.468,P值分别为0.049、0.001、0.000和0.000。4多因素Logistic回归分析显示,低Zn、高Al、高Cd是发生MCI的危险因素。结论 MCI的发生与患者血清微量元素代谢紊乱具有相关性。     

长春地区健康成人心肌19种元素的正常值范围

由吉林省长春地区采集40例健康成人心肌样品,用荧光分光光度法测定硒,用催化极谱法测定钼,用高频感耦等离子体发射光谱法测定铝、硼、钡、钙、镉、钴、铬、铜、铁、钾、镁、锰、钠、磷、锶、钛和锌的含量。取90%可信限,通过计算确定了健康成人心肌19种元素的正常值范围。     

Concentration of elements in plasma of patients with essential hypertension

Disturbances in macro- and microelements composition may play a significant role in the development of essential hypertension. The aim of the study was to estimate main and trace elements concentration in plasma of hypertensive patients. The study involved 150 subjects, aged 33-60 years, who were allotted into 2 groups: I--50 clinically healthy subjects (controls), II--100 patients with arterial hypertension. Age and sex ratio were similar in the examined groups. Those subjected to the study were not administered any drugs at least 3 months prior to the determination of macro- and microelements. Determinations of trace elements Ca, F, Na, K, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Ni, Mo, Al, Cd, Fb, Mu, Se, Cr, Co, Li, V, B, Ba, were performed with atomic emission spectrometer with plasmic excitation (ICP MS Philips PU). In group II in comparison to group I (controls) higher values of Fe, Pb, Al, Cd, Co, B i Ba were observed, as well as higher Zn/Cu ratio; but lower values of Cu and lower Ca/Pb, Ca/Al, Zn/Fe, Se/Fe, Zn/Al, Zn/Cd, Se/Pb, Se/Al, Se/Cd ratio. Increase of prooxidative and decrease,of antioxidative elements in plasma may significantly contribute to the essential hypertension pathogenesis probably through oxidative stress development.     

Content of microelements in left ventricular myocardium of patients with ischemic heart disease. Data of roentgenofluorescent analysis with the use of synchrotron irradiation

Contents of 11 microelements (Se, Rb, K, Sr, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Ni, Zn) in various parts (zone of infarction, of scar, periinfaction zone) of left ventricular myocardium of patients with ischemic heart disease was studied with method of rentgenofluorescent analysis with the use of synchrotron irradiation (overall 2112 analyses). Left ventricular myocardium of victims of accidents without cardiovascular pathology was studied as control. Compared with control dysbalance of various degree was noted in left ventricular myocardium of patients with ischemic heart disease. Four groups of microelements were distinguished: lowered content (Se, Rb, K); close to normal content (Mn, Cu); moderately elevated content (Cr, Sr, Fe); elevated content (Ni, Zn). Several orders of magnitude elevation of Ni and Zn was noted in all parts of left ventricle, especially in the zone of infarction and periinfarction zone.     

中华麦饭石防治大鼠肝炎,肝硬化和肝癌时微量元素作用

目的：本文旨在探讨中华麦饭石防治大鼠肝炎、肝硬化和肝癌时微量元素的作用方法：给ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠食用二甲基奶油黄饲料，同时饮用１０％中华麦饭石浸液共２６周。用ＩＣＰ法检测肝炎、肝硬化和肝癌大鼠全血１０种微量元素。结果：肝炎时实验组仅Ｍｎ显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜００５）。肝硬化时实验组Ｍｎ、Ｓｉ、Ｂａ、Ｆｅ、Ｚｎ和Ｓｅ均显著高于对照组，Ｃｕ显著低于对照组（Ｐ＜００５～０．００１）。肝癌时实验组Ｍｎ、Ｓｉ、Ｂａ、Ｆｅ、Ｚｎ、Ｓｅ和Ｍｏ继续高于对照组，Ｃｕ和Ｃｒ低于对照组（Ｐ＜０００１）。除Ｓｉ外，实验组和正常对照组微量元素差异无显著意义（Ｐ＜００５）。结论：１肝病越重，微量元素变化越明显。２中华麦饭石能维持机体微量元素的正常状态，对大鼠肝炎、肝硬化和肝癌防治具有重要作用。     

广西巴马地区大米和玉米中微量元素的检测

目的 检测广西巴马地区老人主食大米和玉米中微量元素含量,并探讨其与长寿的可能关系.方法 随机选取当地老人正在食用的主食大米样品23份和玉米样品25份,利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪测定大米和玉米中Al、Ca、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mg、K、Mn、Na、P、Pb、Zn的含量.结果 与非长寿区域相比,巴马长寿区域种植的玉米及大米中有害有毒重金属物质Al、Cd、Pb的含量均较低,而Ca、Cu、Fe、Mg、K、Mn、P、Zn等8种微量元素含量丰富,玉米中Al、Pb、Mn、P两组之间比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),大米中所有元素,两组之间比较差异不显著.结论 巴马长寿区域与非长寿区域老人的主食中大米和玉米的微量元素的组成不同,其与巴马长寿的关系值得进一步研究.     

中华麦饭石预防大鼠实验性肝癌时微量元素的作用

为探讨中华麦饭石预防大鼠肝癌时微量元素的作用,给 Wistar 大鼠食用二甲基奶油黄饲料诱发肝癌,同时饮用10%中华麦饭石浸液26周。实验结束时用 ICP 法检测大鼠血中10种微量元素。结果显示,实验组对肝癌有预防作用的 Ba、Mn、Se、Zn、Fe、Mo 和 Si 均显著高于对照组(p<0.01),Cu 和 Cr 显著低于对照组(p<0.01)。除 Si 外,实验组和正常对照组各微量元素差异无显著意义(p>0.05)。结果表明,中华麦饭石对肝癌的预防作用可能与微量元素的作用有关。     

Biliary secretion of trace elements and minerals in the rat. Effects of bile flow variation and diurnal rhythms

Effects of bile flow variations on bile secretion of trace elements were systematically evaluated by Proton-Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) in the unanesthetized rat: (i) longitudinally for a 9 day-period of bile drainage; (ii) continuously for a period of 24 h, to include circadian rhythm and (iii) during exogenous bile salt administration. Potassium and Ca were determined for comparative purposes. In rat bile, six trace elements could always be detected by PIXE (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mo, Mn, Br); occasionally some V, Cr, Sr and Pb was found. Se could not be detected in bile. Bile-plasma concentration ratios of the elements could arbitrarily be divided into three groups: Fe, Zn and Se less than 1; Ca, K, Cu, Mo and Br approx. 1 and Mn much greater than 1. After interruption of the enterohepatic circulation, bile flow and bile salt concentration dropped sharply within 4 h to 36% and 4% of their initial values, respectively. Output rates of K, Ca, Mo, Br, Zn and Fe closely followed the decrease in bile flow; bile secretion of Mn and Cu, on the other hand, was minimally affected. A circadian rhythm was observed for all detectable elements; during the night period, secretion rates of Zn, Fe, Ca and K increased maximally by 60-80% and that of Mn, Mo, Br and Cu by 30-50%. Bile salt output and bile flow increased maximally by 70% and 50%, respectively, in the same time interval.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)