致心律失常性右室发育不良1例

患者男性,37岁。因突感心悸、心慌,急诊心电图（图1A）示：未见明显P波,心室率190次／分,QRS波群宽大畸形,呈完全性左束支传导阻滞形,R—R间距规整。aVL导联呈R形。心电图诊断：阵发性室性心动过速。彩超检查符合致心律失常性右室发育不良改变,经射频消融治疗后复查心电图（图1B）示：窦性心律,心率68次／分。右胸导联、下壁导联QRS波后可见一界限分明的低振幅小棘波（称Epsilon波）,导致QRS波群酷似右束支阻滞形。     

致心律失常右室发育不良Epsilon波表现一例

患者男 ,5 2岁。 13年前因胸闷、心悸入院。ＥＣＧ示短阵起源于右室的室速 ,超声显示右室扩大 ,收缩功能不全。临床诊断为致心律失常右室发育不良。近期再次住院复查 :ＨＯＬＴＥＲ示多源性室早、短阵室速 ;图 1为常规ＥＣＧ :窦性图 1　标准 12导联心电图图 2　Ｆｏｎｔａｉｎ双极导联心电图心律 ,心率 :6 0ｂｐｍ ,ＰＲ间期 :198ｍｓ,Ｖ1 呈ｒＳＲ′ ,ＴＶ1 、ＴＶ2 倒置 ,Ｖ5、Ｖ6 为ｑＲ ;图 2为Ｆｏｎｔａｉｎ双极胸导联记录的ＥＣＧ ,该方法是把右上肢导联放在胸骨柄处 ,作为阴极 ,左上肢导联放在剑突处为阳极 ,另将左下肢导联放在原…     

致心律失常右室发育不良心肌病表现Epsilon波一例

患者男性 ,4 2岁。因发作性心悸、胸闷 8年 ,加重 5个月 ,于 2 0 0 2年 3月 1日入院。 8年来反复发作心悸、胸闷 ,持续数分钟至数小时不等 ,可自行消失。发作时无抽搐、晕厥及大小便失禁等表现。曾在外院就诊心电图记录到室性心动过速 (室速 )。近 5个月上述症状发作频繁 ,因严重室性心律失常入院。否认家族中类似疾病史。查体 :体温 36 9℃ ,脉搏 5 6次 /min ,呼吸 2 0次 /min ,血压 14 0 /85mmHg(1mmHg =0 133kPa)。神清 ,双肺呼吸音清晰 ,心率 5 6次 /min ,律齐 ,未闻及杂音。X线胸片 :心脏扩大 ,以右室扩大为主。超声心动图 :右室扩…     

巨大Epsilon波致心律失常性右室心肌病临床和心电图特点

目的总结心电图表现为巨大Epsilon波致心律失常右室心肌病(ARVC)患者的临床和心电图特点。方法分析本院于2011年1月至2014年12月收治的12导联心电图示巨大Epsilon波ARVC患者的临床和心电图特点。通过查询Medline、CNKI、VIP和万方数据库等总结该心电图特征ARVC患者的特点。结果 5例患者中男性4例。首发症状均为心悸、头昏。发作时心电图为右室起源室性心动过速。心脏超声示右室扩大;右室壁变薄,可见小凹。心电图V_1导联QRS呈"M"型;巨大Epsilon波振幅为(0.37±0.16)mV,振幅与S波比值为1.20±0.23;持续时间为(90±12.75)ms,持续时间与QRS波相比为0.60±0.06。文献报道5例患者均为男性。临床表现为心悸,晕厥发作。心电图V_1导联QRS均呈rsR′,Fontain导联、心向量和晚电位证实该R′波为Epsilon波。V_1导联Epsilon波振幅为(0.52±0.35)mV,振幅与S波比值为1.18±0.74;持续时间(96.0±11.4)ms,持续时间与QRS波相比为0.65±0.08。结论临床上巨大Epsilon波ARVC患者少见,右室激动延缓,心律失常发生率高。     

致心律失常性右室心肌病1例

患者,男,47岁。因反复心悸、胸闷20余年,加重半年入院。心电图QRSV1呈rSr型,可见Epsilon波,TV1～V3倒置。动态心电图单个室性期前收缩600次,形态均为左束支阻滞图形。超声心电图示右心室扩大,右心室壁变薄,右室壁运动幅度减弱,右心室小梁小房形成。符合致心律失常性右心室心肌病诊断标准。     

致心律失常性右室心肌病患者Epsilon波的检出率

目的 探讨不同体表心电图记录方法对国人致心律失常性有室心肌病(arrhythmogenic right ventricular eardiomyopathy,ARVC)患者Epsilon波检出率的影响.方法 共人选ARVC患者32例,男性24例,女性8例,年龄18～70(42.3±13.3)岁.于安静仰卧位记录窦性心律情况下的标准12导联同步心电图(standard twelve leads electrocardiography,S-ECG)、右胸导联心电图(right precordial leads ECG,R-ECG)及Fontaine双极胸导联心电图(Fontaine bipolar precordial leads ECG,F-ECG)o Epsilon波判断标准为位于QRS波之后、sT段起始部的低波幅棘波、振荡波或平缓电位.结果 该组病例S-ECG、R-ECG及F-ECG对Epsilon波的检出率分别为37.5%、37.5%和50.0%,三种心电图记录方法之间Epsilon波检出率的比较差异无统计学意义(均为P＞0.05).其中1例Epsilon波仅见于S-ECG,3例仅见于R-ECG,5例仅见于F-ECG.S-ECG联合R-ECG的检出率为50.0%,S-ECG联合F-ECG的检出率为56.3%,三种记录方法的联合检出率为65.6%,S-ECG联合F-ECG的枪出率与S-ECG相比明显提高(P＜0.05),联合三种心电图记录方法的检出率与S-ECG相比有显著提高(P＜0.01).结论 联合使用S-ECG、R-ECG及F-ECG三种心电图记录方法,可以显著提高ARVC患者Epsilon波的检出率,且三种记录方法之间可以相互补充.     

致心律失常性右室心肌病患者Epsilon波的检出率

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Epsilon wave in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventrieular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Methods The Epsilon wave was detected in 32 patients [24 men, mean age (42.3±13.3) years] with ARVC using three different electrocardiography (ECG) recording methods: standard twelve leads ECG (S-ECG), right precordial leads ECG (R-ECG) and Fontaine bipolar precordiai leads ECG (F-ECG). The Epsilon wave was defined as wiggle, small spike wave and smooth potential between the end of the QRS complex and the beginning of the ST segment. Results Epsilon wave was detected in 37.5%, 37.5% and 50.0% patients with ARVC by S-ECG, R-ECG and F-ECG respectively. The detection rates derived from the three recording methods were similar(P ＞ 0.05). The Epsilon wave was only detectable by S-ECG in one case, by R-ECG in three cases, and by F-ECG in five cases. The detection rate of Epsilon wave was 50.0% by combined use of S-ECG and R-ECG (SR-ECG), 56.3% by combined use of S-ECG and F-ECG (SF-ECG), and 65.6% by combined use of the three recording methods (SRF-ECG). The detection rate was significantly higher by SF-ECG (56.3%) and SRF-ECG (65.6%) than by S-ECG alone (37.5%, all P ＜0.05). Most Epsilon waves detected by the S-ECG, R-ECG and F-ECG were small spiked waves. Conclusion Combined use of S-ECG, F-ECG and R-ECG could increase the detection rate of Epsilon wave in patients with ARVC.     

致心律失常性右室心肌病患者Epsilon波的检出率

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Epsilon wave in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventrieular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Methods The Epsilon wave was detected in 32 patients [24 men, mean age (42.3±13.3) years] with ARVC using three different electrocardiography (ECG) recording methods: standard twelve leads ECG (S-ECG), right precordial leads ECG (R-ECG) and Fontaine bipolar precordiai leads ECG (F-ECG). The Epsilon wave was defined as wiggle, small spike wave and smooth potential between the end of the QRS complex and the beginning of the ST segment. Results Epsilon wave was detected in 37.5%, 37.5% and 50.0% patients with ARVC by S-ECG, R-ECG and F-ECG respectively. The detection rates derived from the three recording methods were similar(P ＞ 0.05). The Epsilon wave was only detectable by S-ECG in one case, by R-ECG in three cases, and by F-ECG in five cases. The detection rate of Epsilon wave was 50.0% by combined use of S-ECG and R-ECG (SR-ECG), 56.3% by combined use of S-ECG and F-ECG (SF-ECG), and 65.6% by combined use of the three recording methods (SRF-ECG). The detection rate was significantly higher by SF-ECG (56.3%) and SRF-ECG (65.6%) than by S-ECG alone (37.5%, all P ＜0.05). Most Epsilon waves detected by the S-ECG, R-ECG and F-ECG were small spiked waves. Conclusion Combined use of S-ECG, F-ECG and R-ECG could increase the detection rate of Epsilon wave in patients with ARVC.     

致心律失常性右室心肌病患者Epsilon波的检出率

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Epsilon wave in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventrieular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Methods The Epsilon wave was detected in 32 patients [24 men, mean age (42.3±13.3) years] with ARVC using three different electrocardiography (ECG) recording methods: standard twelve leads ECG (S-ECG), right precordial leads ECG (R-ECG) and Fontaine bipolar precordiai leads ECG (F-ECG). The Epsilon wave was defined as wiggle, small spike wave and smooth potential between the end of the QRS complex and the beginning of the ST segment. Results Epsilon wave was detected in 37.5%, 37.5% and 50.0% patients with ARVC by S-ECG, R-ECG and F-ECG respectively. The detection rates derived from the three recording methods were similar(P ＞ 0.05). The Epsilon wave was only detectable by S-ECG in one case, by R-ECG in three cases, and by F-ECG in five cases. The detection rate of Epsilon wave was 50.0% by combined use of S-ECG and R-ECG (SR-ECG), 56.3% by combined use of S-ECG and F-ECG (SF-ECG), and 65.6% by combined use of the three recording methods (SRF-ECG). The detection rate was significantly higher by SF-ECG (56.3%) and SRF-ECG (65.6%) than by S-ECG alone (37.5%, all P ＜0.05). Most Epsilon waves detected by the S-ECG, R-ECG and F-ECG were small spiked waves. Conclusion Combined use of S-ECG, F-ECG and R-ECG could increase the detection rate of Epsilon wave in patients with ARVC.     

致心律失常性右室心肌病患者Epsilon波的检出率

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Epsilon wave in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventrieular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Methods The Epsilon wave was detected in 32 patients [24 men, mean age (42.3±13.3) years] with ARVC using three different electrocardiography (ECG) recording methods: standard twelve leads ECG (S-ECG), right precordial leads ECG (R-ECG) and Fontaine bipolar precordiai leads ECG (F-ECG). The Epsilon wave was defined as wiggle, small spike wave and smooth potential between the end of the QRS complex and the beginning of the ST segment. Results Epsilon wave was detected in 37.5%, 37.5% and 50.0% patients with ARVC by S-ECG, R-ECG and F-ECG respectively. The detection rates derived from the three recording methods were similar(P ＞ 0.05). The Epsilon wave was only detectable by S-ECG in one case, by R-ECG in three cases, and by F-ECG in five cases. The detection rate of Epsilon wave was 50.0% by combined use of S-ECG and R-ECG (SR-ECG), 56.3% by combined use of S-ECG and F-ECG (SF-ECG), and 65.6% by combined use of the three recording methods (SRF-ECG). The detection rate was significantly higher by SF-ECG (56.3%) and SRF-ECG (65.6%) than by S-ECG alone (37.5%, all P ＜0.05). Most Epsilon waves detected by the S-ECG, R-ECG and F-ECG were small spiked waves. Conclusion Combined use of S-ECG, F-ECG and R-ECG could increase the detection rate of Epsilon wave in patients with ARVC.     

致心律失常性右室心肌病患者Epsilon波的检出率

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Epsilon wave in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventrieular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Methods The Epsilon wave was detected in 32 patients [24 men, mean age (42.3±13.3) years] with ARVC using three different electrocardiography (ECG) recording methods: standard twelve leads ECG (S-ECG), right precordial leads ECG (R-ECG) and Fontaine bipolar precordiai leads ECG (F-ECG). The Epsilon wave was defined as wiggle, small spike wave and smooth potential between the end of the QRS complex and the beginning of the ST segment. Results Epsilon wave was detected in 37.5%, 37.5% and 50.0% patients with ARVC by S-ECG, R-ECG and F-ECG respectively. The detection rates derived from the three recording methods were similar(P ＞ 0.05). The Epsilon wave was only detectable by S-ECG in one case, by R-ECG in three cases, and by F-ECG in five cases. The detection rate of Epsilon wave was 50.0% by combined use of S-ECG and R-ECG (SR-ECG), 56.3% by combined use of S-ECG and F-ECG (SF-ECG), and 65.6% by combined use of the three recording methods (SRF-ECG). The detection rate was significantly higher by SF-ECG (56.3%) and SRF-ECG (65.6%) than by S-ECG alone (37.5%, all P ＜0.05). Most Epsilon waves detected by the S-ECG, R-ECG and F-ECG were small spiked waves. Conclusion Combined use of S-ECG, F-ECG and R-ECG could increase the detection rate of Epsilon wave in patients with ARVC.     

致心律失常性右室心肌病患者Epsilon波的检出率

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Epsilon wave in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventrieular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Methods The Epsilon wave was detected in 32 patients [24 men, mean age (42.3±13.3) years] with ARVC using three different electrocardiography (ECG) recording methods: standard twelve leads ECG (S-ECG), right precordial leads ECG (R-ECG) and Fontaine bipolar precordiai leads ECG (F-ECG). The Epsilon wave was defined as wiggle, small spike wave and smooth potential between the end of the QRS complex and the beginning of the ST segment. Results Epsilon wave was detected in 37.5%, 37.5% and 50.0% patients with ARVC by S-ECG, R-ECG and F-ECG respectively. The detection rates derived from the three recording methods were similar(P ＞ 0.05). The Epsilon wave was only detectable by S-ECG in one case, by R-ECG in three cases, and by F-ECG in five cases. The detection rate of Epsilon wave was 50.0% by combined use of S-ECG and R-ECG (SR-ECG), 56.3% by combined use of S-ECG and F-ECG (SF-ECG), and 65.6% by combined use of the three recording methods (SRF-ECG). The detection rate was significantly higher by SF-ECG (56.3%) and SRF-ECG (65.6%) than by S-ECG alone (37.5%, all P ＜0.05). Most Epsilon waves detected by the S-ECG, R-ECG and F-ECG were small spiked waves. Conclusion Combined use of S-ECG, F-ECG and R-ECG could increase the detection rate of Epsilon wave in patients with ARVC.     

致心律失常性右室心肌病患者Epsilon波的检出率

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Epsilon wave in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventrieular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Methods The Epsilon wave was detected in 32 patients [24 men, mean age (42.3±13.3) years] with ARVC using three different electrocardiography (ECG) recording methods: standard twelve leads ECG (S-ECG), right precordial leads ECG (R-ECG) and Fontaine bipolar precordiai leads ECG (F-ECG). The Epsilon wave was defined as wiggle, small spike wave and smooth potential between the end of the QRS complex and the beginning of the ST segment. Results Epsilon wave was detected in 37.5%, 37.5% and 50.0% patients with ARVC by S-ECG, R-ECG and F-ECG respectively. The detection rates derived from the three recording methods were similar(P ＞ 0.05). The Epsilon wave was only detectable by S-ECG in one case, by R-ECG in three cases, and by F-ECG in five cases. The detection rate of Epsilon wave was 50.0% by combined use of S-ECG and R-ECG (SR-ECG), 56.3% by combined use of S-ECG and F-ECG (SF-ECG), and 65.6% by combined use of the three recording methods (SRF-ECG). The detection rate was significantly higher by SF-ECG (56.3%) and SRF-ECG (65.6%) than by S-ECG alone (37.5%, all P ＜0.05). Most Epsilon waves detected by the S-ECG, R-ECG and F-ECG were small spiked waves. Conclusion Combined use of S-ECG, F-ECG and R-ECG could increase the detection rate of Epsilon wave in patients with ARVC.     

致心律失常性右室心肌病患者Epsilon波的检出率

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Epsilon wave in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventrieular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Methods The Epsilon wave was detected in 32 patients [24 men, mean age (42.3±13.3) years] with ARVC using three different electrocardiography (ECG) recording methods: standard twelve leads ECG (S-ECG), right precordial leads ECG (R-ECG) and Fontaine bipolar precordiai leads ECG (F-ECG). The Epsilon wave was defined as wiggle, small spike wave and smooth potential between the end of the QRS complex and the beginning of the ST segment. Results Epsilon wave was detected in 37.5%, 37.5% and 50.0% patients with ARVC by S-ECG, R-ECG and F-ECG respectively. The detection rates derived from the three recording methods were similar(P ＞ 0.05). The Epsilon wave was only detectable by S-ECG in one case, by R-ECG in three cases, and by F-ECG in five cases. The detection rate of Epsilon wave was 50.0% by combined use of S-ECG and R-ECG (SR-ECG), 56.3% by combined use of S-ECG and F-ECG (SF-ECG), and 65.6% by combined use of the three recording methods (SRF-ECG). The detection rate was significantly higher by SF-ECG (56.3%) and SRF-ECG (65.6%) than by S-ECG alone (37.5%, all P ＜0.05). Most Epsilon waves detected by the S-ECG, R-ECG and F-ECG were small spiked waves. Conclusion Combined use of S-ECG, F-ECG and R-ECG could increase the detection rate of Epsilon wave in patients with ARVC.     

致心律失常性右室心肌病患者Epsilon波的检出率

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Epsilon wave in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventrieular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Methods The Epsilon wave was detected in 32 patients [24 men, mean age (42.3±13.3) years] with ARVC using three different electrocardiography (ECG) recording methods: standard twelve leads ECG (S-ECG), right precordial leads ECG (R-ECG) and Fontaine bipolar precordiai leads ECG (F-ECG). The Epsilon wave was defined as wiggle, small spike wave and smooth potential between the end of the QRS complex and the beginning of the ST segment. Results Epsilon wave was detected in 37.5%, 37.5% and 50.0% patients with ARVC by S-ECG, R-ECG and F-ECG respectively. The detection rates derived from the three recording methods were similar(P ＞ 0.05). The Epsilon wave was only detectable by S-ECG in one case, by R-ECG in three cases, and by F-ECG in five cases. The detection rate of Epsilon wave was 50.0% by combined use of S-ECG and R-ECG (SR-ECG), 56.3% by combined use of S-ECG and F-ECG (SF-ECG), and 65.6% by combined use of the three recording methods (SRF-ECG). The detection rate was significantly higher by SF-ECG (56.3%) and SRF-ECG (65.6%) than by S-ECG alone (37.5%, all P ＜0.05). Most Epsilon waves detected by the S-ECG, R-ECG and F-ECG were small spiked waves. Conclusion Combined use of S-ECG, F-ECG and R-ECG could increase the detection rate of Epsilon wave in patients with ARVC.     

致心律失常性右室心肌病患者Epsilon波的检出率

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Epsilon wave in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventrieular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Methods The Epsilon wave was detected in 32 patients [24 men, mean age (42.3±13.3) years] with ARVC using three different electrocardiography (ECG) recording methods: standard twelve leads ECG (S-ECG), right precordial leads ECG (R-ECG) and Fontaine bipolar precordiai leads ECG (F-ECG). The Epsilon wave was defined as wiggle, small spike wave and smooth potential between the end of the QRS complex and the beginning of the ST segment. Results Epsilon wave was detected in 37.5%, 37.5% and 50.0% patients with ARVC by S-ECG, R-ECG and F-ECG respectively. The detection rates derived from the three recording methods were similar(P ＞ 0.05). The Epsilon wave was only detectable by S-ECG in one case, by R-ECG in three cases, and by F-ECG in five cases. The detection rate of Epsilon wave was 50.0% by combined use of S-ECG and R-ECG (SR-ECG), 56.3% by combined use of S-ECG and F-ECG (SF-ECG), and 65.6% by combined use of the three recording methods (SRF-ECG). The detection rate was significantly higher by SF-ECG (56.3%) and SRF-ECG (65.6%) than by S-ECG alone (37.5%, all P ＜0.05). Most Epsilon waves detected by the S-ECG, R-ECG and F-ECG were small spiked waves. Conclusion Combined use of S-ECG, F-ECG and R-ECG could increase the detection rate of Epsilon wave in patients with ARVC.     

致心律失常性右室心肌病2例并文献复习

正病例1患者男,46岁,2014年6月23日因"反复胸闷心慌1月,晕厥1次"入院。患者6月初因胸闷心慌于当地医院住院治疗,期间发生晕厥1次,行心电图提示"室性心动过速"(简称室速),见图1。行电复律后意识恢复,冠状动脉造影检查未见明显异常,经药物治疗后患者仍间断胸闷,遂至我院。入院查体:HR 78次/min、BP 103/63 mmH g。心电图示交界性心律、偶发     

右室心肌病致Epsilon波显著表现1例

患者男75岁。多次晕厥入院。超声心动诊断右房、右室扩大、收缩功能不全．心室晚电位终末40ms均方根电压9．6μV,低于40μV持续时间116ms,滤波后QRS间期158ms,提示阳性。DCG记录出现频发室性早搏,呈左束支阻滞型(图略)。临床诊断右心室心肌病。图1为常规12导联同步心电图。窦性心律,心率74次／min,P—R间期159ms,QRS宽度160ms。V1、V2 QRS波rsR′型．QRS波后可见1个向上的波(箭头所示),Tv1～Tv4倒置。图2为心向量图的水平面QRS及T环,箭头所示为产生心电图QRS波后向上波的心电向量变化。     

致心律失常性右室发育不良的电生理特性

致心律失常性右室发育不良在临床上主要表现为心律失常、猝死和心力衰竭。心电图上主要表现出(1)复极异常;(2)除极/传导异常;(3)室性心律失常。室性心动过速(室速)时舒张期的碎裂电位和心室病变部位的低电压区可以被看作是其诊断标准。Carto系统标测能发现病变区的准确位置、病变严重程度及病变范围。目前致心律失常性右室发育不良的临床治疗主要有:针对室速发生所采取的射频消融法,针对心力衰竭所采用的药物治疗及心脏移植手术,针对心脏猝死所采取的埋藏式心脏复律除颤器植入等。     

致心律失常性右室心肌病1例

患者男,15岁,因“间断心悸2月余,晕厥3次”入院.患者于2月前运动后出现心悸,随即发生晕厥,持续约数秒自行缓解,伴面部摔伤.于当地医院记录到心电图提示“阵发性室速”（图1）,予以射频消融术治疗无效.其后反复出现心悸,情绪激动或运动后多发.