湖州市幼儿教师的应激和心理健康状况研究

目的探讨幼儿教师的应激和心理健康状况及其相互关系，为增进幼儿教师的心理健康提供依据。方法使用白编的幼儿教师应激事件量表和症状白评量表（SCL-90），分别测查湖州市幼儿教师424名的应激和心理健康状况，并对其相互关系进行相关分析。结果39．2％的幼儿教师体会到中等程度的应激，4．7％的幼儿教师体验到重度的应激，应激源中以幼儿、家长因素对幼儿教师造成的应激最大。幼儿教师的心理问题总检出率为10．38％；相对于40～49岁的幼儿教师，30和39岁以下的幼儿教师的心理健康状况较差；职称为小学一级的幼儿教师的心理健康水平最低。结论部分幼儿教师存在心理健康问题，应激是影响幼儿教师心理健康状况的重要因素。     

进城务工者环境应对方式和心理健康调查

[目的]探讨进城务工者的应对方式、心理健康状况及其相互关系。[方法]使用自编的进城务工者应对方式问卷和症状自评量表（SCL-90）分别测查了500名进城务工者的应对方式和心理健康状况，并对其相互关系进行了相关和回归分析。[结果]进城务工者在受到挫折、面临困境和压力时采用最多的应对方式是解决问题、转移注意、求助和压抑。至少存在1项以上阳性症状因子的占12.3％，因子的检出率从1．9％到6．5％不等。应对方式的采用频率和心理问题检出率均存在年龄和文化程度间的差异。30岁以下组的心理问题检出率最高；文化程度为文盲的心理问题总检出率最高。应对方式因子对心理健康各因子有显著的预测作用。[结论]部分进城务工者存在心理问题，应对方式影响他们的心理健康状况。     

小学高年级学生应对方式及其与心理健康的关系

目的探讨小学生的应对方式与心理健康状况的关系以及对心理健康状况的影响，为心理健康教育提供依据。方法使用自编小学儿童应对方式问卷和心理健康诊断测验(MHT)分别测查小学生的应对方式和心理健康状况，并对其相互关系进行相关和回归分析。结果小学生在受到挫折、面临压力时，采用最多的应对方式是解决问题、转移注意、幻想和求助。小学生的心理问题各因子检出率为0．5％～10．0％不等，总检出率为22．9％。对小学生心理健康问题影响最大的应对方式是解决问题、自责、幻想和压抑，其中解决问题对心理问题起负向的预测作用，合理化和求助的预测作用有正有负，自责、幻想、退避、转移注意、攻击和压抑起正向的预测作用。结论应对方式是影响小学生心理健康状况的重要因素。     

男女护生心理健康状况及应对方式的调查研究

目的：探讨护理专业男女护生的心理健康状况、应对方式及其相关性。方法：采用症状自评量表、应对方式问卷对某医学高等专科学校护理专业158名男女护生进行调查。结果：女生恐怖因子分高于男生,女生幻想因子分高于男生,差异有显著性;男女护生症状自评量表9因子与解决问题呈显著负相关,与自责、幻想呈显著正相关。结论：男生心理健康状况优于女生,女生更容易使用消极的应对方式,男女护生的心理健康状况与应对方式有明显的相关性。     

未成年犯的人格特点与心理健康状况和应对方式的相关研究

目的了解未成年犯人格特点及其与心理健康状况和应对方式的关系,为有针对性地预防和矫正未成年人犯罪提供依据。方法以河北省某少年管教所16～18岁218名未成年犯为研究组,随机抽取16～18岁高中生274名作为对照组,采用艾森克个性问卷、症状自评量表和简易应对方式问卷对其实施团体测定。结果未成年犯的人格特点中,精神质特征和神经质特征比较明显,心理健康水平较低,并且使用积极应对方式较少,而使用消极应对方式较多,其人格特点与心理健康水平和应对方式之间有显著的相关关系。结论未成年犯的人格具有偏离正常群体的趋势,且对其心理健康水平和应对方式有一定的影响。     

幼儿教师主观幸福感、心理健康与应对方式的关系

目的 探讨幼儿教师主观幸福感、心理健康的现状,及其与应对方式的关系.方法 采用主观幸福感量表、SCL-90和应对方式问卷对220名幼儿教师进行问卷调查.结果 幼儿教师主观幸福感、心理健康状况呈中上水平;10年教龄以上的,受教育程度大专以下的中年教师在积极情绪上显著低于其他教师(P<0.05),并且10年以上教龄的教师在躯体化和抑郁、焦虑症状上显著高于其他教龄的教师(P<0.05);成熟型和不成熟型应对方式对主观幸福感、心理健康大多数维度具有显著的预测作用(P<0.05).结论 成熟型应对方式有助于个体主观幸福感的提升和心理健康的维护;不成熟型应对方式则相反.     

幼儿教师的压力及其应对方式调查

目的 探讨幼儿教师的压力和应对方式.方法 使用自编的幼儿教师压力事件量表和肖计划编制的应对方式问卷进行测查.结果 有37.9%的幼儿教师体会到中等程度的压力,2.3%的幼儿教师体验到重度的压力,压力源中以幼儿、家长因素对幼儿教师造成的压力为最大.幼儿教师对各种应对方式的使用频繁程度依次为：解决问题、求助、退避、幻想、合理化和自责.幼儿教师的压力和应对方式存在年龄和职称间的差异.结论 幼儿教师的压力较大,但应对压力的方式较为积极.     

中学生心理健康状况与应对方式的相关分析

目的了解中学生心理健康状况与应对方式之间的相关关系,为中学生心理健康教育提供参考。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法,对1584名中学生进行中国中学生心理健康量表和中学生应对方式量表测试,以典型相关分析探讨两组变量之间的关系。结果心理健康状况与应对方式的第一典型相关系数为0.648(P0.01),累积贡献率为71.826%。典型变量U1主要反映情绪应对维度的发泄情绪(-0.866)、幻想/否认(-0.794)、忍耐(-0.545)、逃避(-0.552)4个因子;典型变量V1在心理健康量表的10个因子上的负荷较均匀,可以综合概括心理健康状况。结论中学生越是采用情绪应对的方式,心理健康状况越差。针对性的心理健康教育应以改变情绪应对的方式为主。     

应对方式与中老年人心理健康状况的相关性研究

目的探讨应对方式对中老年人心理健康状况的影响。方法采用特质应对问卷（TCSQ）和症状自评量表（SCL-90）对724名中老年人的应对方式及心理健康状况进行测评。结果 SCL-90的总分以及躯体化、强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性9个因子的得分均高于全国常模,且差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。单因素相关分析显示：中老年人的应对方式均与SCL-90中的多个方面存在显著的相关;多元线形回归分析显示：消极应对对中老年人的心理健康状况有预测作用。结论中老年人的应对方式是影响其心理健康状况的重要因素。     

驻岛礁军人心理健康状况与应对方式研究

目的了解驻岛礁部队军人的心理健康状况及应对方式特点。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和简易应对方式问卷对236名驻岛礁军人进行调查．分析他们的心理健康状况．应对方式特点及其影响因素。结果(1)驻岛礁军人SCL-90各因子分均显著高于地方常模，而且除躯体化因子外，其余各因子分也明显高于军人常模；(2)驻岛礁部队军人在面对应激时，采取积极应对方式较多，消极应对方式较少；(3)他们所采取的积极应对方式与心理健康水平呈显著弱正相关(γ=0．153)，消极应对方式与其心理健康水平呈极显著正相关(γ=0．567)，与抑郁因子相关程度最高(γ=0．569)；(4)进一步的多元逐步回归分析表明，消极应对方式与心理健康有密切关系(R^2=0．318)，尤其是以下4种消极应对方式对他们的心理健康产生较大的消极影响，分别是试图忘记整个事情，通过吸烟喝酒、服药和吃东西来解除烦恼，幻想可能会发生某种奇迹改变现状和接受现实。结论驻岛礁军人心理健康状况明显低于地方人群和军队总体水平，消极应对方式是影响他们心理健康水平的重要因素。     

"非典"流行期天津大学生心理健康状况的相关研究

目的探索"非典"流行期间大学生的"非典"压力源、"非典"压力应对策略与其心理健康的关系,为加强高校学生对突发事件的心理健康教育提供依据.方法用大学生"非典"压力源调查表、大学生"非典"压力应对策略调查表、自测健康评定量表对天津市大学生723名进行调查.结果大学生的"非典"压力应对策略对其心理健康有直接的影响;"非典"措施压力源对其心理健康既有直接影响,又有间接影响;"非典"信息压力源和"非典"疾病压力源对心理健康有间接影响.结论大学生的"非典"压力源、"非典"压力应对策略与其心理健康存在显著的相关关系.     

中小学教师职业倦怠与职业压力应对策略研究

目的探讨中小学教师职业倦怠与职业压力应对策略的关系,以便为中小学教师的身心健康教育提供科学依据.方法采用中小学教师职业倦怠问卷和中小学教师职业压力应对策略问卷,对中小学教师367名进行调查.结果中小学教师的职业压力应对策略中的忍耐策略、积极评价策略、自我调控策略、回避策略、幻想策略和接受责任策略对职业倦怠的情绪疲惫维度具有显著的预测作用;积极评价策略、接受责任策略、计划解决策略和忍耐策略对职业倦怠的少成就感维度具有显著的预测作用;忍耐策略、积极评价策略、接受责任策略和自我调控策略对职业倦怠的去个人化维度具有显著的预测作用.结论中小学教师的职业倦怠与其职业压力应对策略存在显著的相关关系.     

Coping strategies among conflict-affected adults in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic literature review

Mental health is recognised as a key issue for populations affected by conflict. The aim of this systematic literature review is to examine coping strategies among conflict-affected civilians in low- and middle-income countries. The objectives were to examine (1) the types of coping strategies used by conflict-affected civilians; (2) factors influencing coping strategies; (3) relationships between coping strategies and mental health outcomes. A database search was conducted on May 13, 2014. Qualitative and quantitative studies that report on coping strategies used by adult conflict-affected civilians in LMICs were included, yielding 50 articles. Coping strategies were organised into a typology of problem-solving, support seeking, escape-avoidance, distraction, and positive cognitive restructuring domains. Support-seeking, positive cognitive restructuring, and problem-solving domains were the most frequently reported coping domains across the articles. Significant factors influencing coping included gender and exposure to trauma. The relationship between coping and mental health outcomes was nuanced. The diverse findings reported across the studies reflect the variety of contexts from which the samples are drawn, the range of coping typologies, and differing methodological approaches to exploring coping and mental health. Context-specific studies are needed in order to capture the social and cultural influences on coping and mental health.     

How people of African Caribbean or Irish ethnicity cope with long-term health conditions in UK community settings: A systematic review of qualitative,quantitative and mixed method studies

Living with a chronic or mental health condition can be challenging and requires considerable adjustment. As ways of coping are culturally influenced, it is important to understand how minority ethnic populations cope, to inform appropriate services. This review aimed to explore the coping strategies used by UK residents from an African Caribbean or Irish background between 1960 and 2020. A systematic literature search on strategies used to cope with chronic health conditions in both populations living in the United Kingdom identified 26 relevant studies. Data were extracted, quality of papers was appraised and critical interpretive synthesis was applied. Two major foci of the studies were coping strategies and barriers to coping. The main coping strategies were denial/scepticism, self-management, spirituality and religion. Within each population, there was variation in ways of coping. The review highlights the complex role of religion in influencing coping strategies. It demonstrates how personal and minority ethnic populations’ experiences of service use are connected with stigma, fear and mistrust, which also act as barriers to seeking help and to coping. Coping with a chronic or mental health condition in the Irish and African Caribbean populations is under-researched. Stigma, fear and mistrust in services act as key barriers to help-seeking and religion is a prominent coping strategy. However, few detailed examples were given on how it was used to assist individuals when managing a chronic or mental health condition. Also due to a lack of research, firm conclusions cannot be drawn for the Irish population.     

Mental health, duration of unemployment, and coping strategy: a cross-sectional study of unemployed migrant workers in eastern china during the economic crisis

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: 20 million migrant workers in China lost their jobs during the economic crisis of 2008. Both urban migration and unemployment have long been documented to be associated with vulnerability to mental problems. This study aims to examine the mental health of unemployed migrant workers in Eastern China and its relation to duration of unemployment and coping strategy during the recent economic crisis. METHODS: The data were collected through interview-based survey with a sample of 210 unemployed migrant workers in Zhejiang Province of China from 2008 to 2009. Symptom Checklist-90-Revised, Coping Strategies Questionnaire, and seven short demographic questions were used. RESULTS: The majority of the unemployed migrant workers were found to be young male manufacturing industry workers with short-term unemployment and a relatively low education level. Nearly 50% of unemployed migrant workers were classified as mentally unhealthy and the most frequently reported symptom was depression. Compared with the adult norm of 1986, 2003, and 2007 in China, unemployed migrants had more mental problems. Long-term unemployed migrant workers had more psychiatric symptoms than the short-term unemployed workers and employed migrant workers. Unemployed migrant workers with immature coping strategies expressed significantly more psychiatric symptoms than those with mixed and mature coping strategies. Duration of unemployment and two coping strategies, problem-solving and self-blaming, predicted the mental problems of unemployed migrant workers. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that mental health status of unemployed migrant workers in Eastern China was poorer than the national adult norm. More psychiatric symptoms are evidenced among unemployed migrant workers who lost their jobs for a long term and who had immature coping strategies. These findings can be used for prevention and intervention of mental illness among unemployed migrant workers.     

Coping and quality of life in patients with psoriasis

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between coping dimensions and overall quality of life, disability and health status in patients' with psoriasis. Psoriasis is one of several chronic diseases which requires self-management in order to ensure an enhanced quality of life. The sample comprised 334 patients who were treated consecutively at three dermatology departments in eastern Norway. A total number of 273 patients completed the questionnaire, yielding a response rate of 82% (20% in-patients and 80% out-patients). The following questionnaires were used: The Jalowiec Coping Scale, the Psoriasis Disability Index, the Quality of Life Scale, and the SF-36. Results showed that patients who used combined emotive coping strategies reported more disability, poorer mental health and worse overall quality of life. Furthermore, patients who more frequently used normalising/optimistic coping reported higher levels of mental health. However, the variance explained by coping effort was low to moderate. Coping explained the variance in mental health and overall quality of life to a greater extent than that in physical health. Knowledge about the relationships between coping and quality of life dimensions is important with regard to the establishment and implementation of appropriate psychosocial interventions for patients with psoriasis.     

应付策略与职业紧张关系的探讨

目的探讨应付策略与职业紧张的关系。方法采用横断面研究方法对515名油田工人进行调查,用职业紧张测量工具测试油田工人的应付策略、职业紧张因素、个性特征及职业紧张反应。结果36.9%油田工人采取了充分的应付策略。应付策略评分与文化程度、人际关系、对人的责任、对事的责任、提升机会、参与机会、任务一致性、工作自主性、工作挑战性、工作满意感、心理卫生、情绪平衡、正性情绪、A型行为及自尊感评分呈正相关,与组内冲突、负性情绪、抑郁症状、每日紧张感、工作心理控制源及社会支持评分呈负相关。应付策略充分者的工作人际关系、对人的责任、参与机会、工作自主性、工作挑战性、工作满意感、情绪平衡、正性情绪和忍耐性评分明显高于应付策略的中等或不足水平者(P<0.05或P<0.01),而每日紧张感、外控性和社会支持评分则明显低于应付策略的中等水平、不足水平者(P<0.05或P<0.01)。逐步回归分析结果表明,应付策略与正性情绪关系密切。结论应付策略对职业紧张有较大的影响;有效的应付策略有助于缓解精神紧张状态,提高社会适应能力。然而,油田工人总体的有效应付策略尚不够充分,可能与个性特征等有关。     

Coping strategy mediates the relationship between body image evaluation and mental health: A study with Chinese college students with disabilities

BackgroundFor students with disabilities, evidence exists of significant links between body image evaluation and mental health status, and between coping strategies and mental health status, yet few investigations have tested body image evaluation, coping strategies and mental health status in one study to reveal their complicated relationships.ObjectiveThe present study investigated the mediation role of coping strategy between body image evaluation and mental health and its variations among Chinese university students with three types of disabilities, physical disability, visual disability and hearing disability.MethodTwo hundred and fifty-five Chinese college students (166 males and 89 females) with disabilities completed a battery of self-report questionnaires, including Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ), Coping Style Questionnaire (CQS) and Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90). Mediation analyses were conducted in AMOS.ResultsIn students with physical disabilities, positive coping strategies played a role in mediating the relation between body image evaluation and mental health (β = −0.190, p < 0.05). In students with hearing disabilities, negative coping strategies played the mediation role (β = −0.089, p < 0.05). No significant mediation effect was found in students with visual disabilities. Meanwhile, the mental health status of all of the three groups were significantly lower than the Chinese norm (M = 129.96; SD = 38.76) (all ps < 0.01).ConclusionsIn Chinese college students with disabilities, in bridging the link between their body image evaluation and mental health status, coping strategies played a central role and its specific role varied depending upon the type of disability. Practical implications are discussed.