泰安市60～75岁老年人口腔健康现状调查分析

目的:研究泰安市60~75岁老年人口腔健康现况,从而为老年口腔保健提供数据参考。方法:选取2016年4月-2018年3月在本院就诊并长期生活于泰安市的60~75岁老年人2 000例为调查对象,调查老年人口腔健康状况以及口腔卫生保健情况,分析老年人的口腔疾病情况、护齿保健情况、刷牙情况以及口腔卫生保健知识的了解现状。结果:老年人口腔疾病发生情况:牙列缺损86.20%、牙周病65.25%、牙龈炎22.35%;护齿保健情况:饭后漱口26.15%、叩齿5.10%、长期食醋1.60%、鼓腮1.30%、做气功0.95%;刷牙情况:每日刷牙1次、每日刷牙2次以及不刷牙占比分别为67.05%、21.55%、11.40%;口腔卫生保健知识了解情况:正确刷牙方式、牙病及时就医、定期口腔检查、缺牙后及时镶牙人数占比分别为26.55%、9.85%、11.50%、51.65%。结论:泰安市60~75岁老年人口腔健康状况不容乐观,应予以足够的重视,可通过加强口腔卫生知识的宣传以及相应干预措施,以达到改善老年人口腔卫生状况的目的。     

口腔科学

200006,7老年人口腔卫生健康水平的评价/杨宝珠//云南医药一1999,20(3)一214~215 口腔科千部门诊对3668人口腔健康状况进行检查,年龄60~85岁。结果发现“~70岁年龄组口腔疾病的发病率最高为30.1%,其次是60~65岁组为25·2%。口腔疾病中最突出的是龋病、根尖病、牙周病的发病率较高,分别为28.2%、27.8%、24.5%。牙体缺失占9.6%,而健康人群只占总受检人数的2%。调查显示,有12.6%的人不知道口腔保健知识,更谈不上进行定期检查,定期保健。只有10%的人掌握正确刷牙方法.大多为横刷或竖刷与横刷相结合.也不知道正确刷牙时间的长短,选择1分钟刷牙占9…     

辽源地区老干部大学口腔卫生健康调查

目的：了解辽源地区老年人群口腔卫生健康状况。方法：2008年对辽源市老干部大学386例老年人进行口腔卫生情况、患龋病、牙周病、牙缺失等进行普查。结果：辽源地区老年人群有自我口腔保健意识,100%老年人坚持每天刷牙。但龋病、牙周病发病率仍较高,缺失牙也较多,严重影响老年人的口腔咀嚼功能及身体健康。结论：我国老年人虽然有自我口腔保健意识,但口腔卫生健康状况仍需重视,并应采取积极保健措施。     

海口市大学生口腔健康知识与行为抽样调查

目的 了解海口市大学生的口腔健康相关知识知晓情况及口腔卫生措施实施情况,为制定大学生口腔健康教育计划提供理论依据.方法 采用问卷调查的方式,对海口市某高校613名大学生的口腔健康知识与健康行为进行调查.结果 共发放问卷613份,其中有效问卷592份（女生330份,男生262份）,大学生口腔健康知识的知晓率为53.34％,女生略高于男生.实施口腔基本卫生措施的情况较好,91.90的学生能够做到早、晚刷牙,饭后漱口,89.86％的学生刷牙使用含氟牙膏,但定期进行口腔检查和洁牙的学生仅为22.64％和1 1.82％;使用牙线清洁牙齿邻面的学生只占16.22％;口腔不适时就医率低于50％.结论 海口市大学生口腔健康知识的知晓情况与口腔卫生实践情况还存在不足,应进一步开展口腔健康教育促进活动.     

新乡市大学生口腔健康知识及行为抽样调查分析

目的了解新乡市大学生口腔健康相关知识知晓、口腔卫生实践情况,为广泛开展口腔健康教育提供科学依据。方法采用问卷调查方式,对新乡市3所高校1 750名大学生进行口腔健康相关知识和行为调查,并进行统计学分析。结果在被调查的大学生口腔健康知识知晓情况中,窝沟封闭可预防龋齿的学生仅占11%,有牙结石应洁治和细菌是龋齿的发病因素的知晓率约为40%;应选用小头软毛牙刷、刷牙次数≥2次·d-1城镇生源较农村生源的知晓率高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对刷牙应竖刷、刷牙次数≥2次·d-1的知晓率女生优于男生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在大学生口腔卫生实践调查中发现,大学生中牙线的使用率极低,不足5%;定期进行口腔检查的大学生不超过15%;刷牙为竖刷法、早晚各刷牙1次的实践情况女生优于男生,早晚各刷牙1次城镇生源优于农村生源,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论新乡市3所高校大学生对口腔健康知识认知不足,口腔健康行为有待提高,积极开展并推广口腔卫生知识宣传教育具有现实意义。     

恩施城区老年人口腔健康状况调查分析

目的对恩施城区200名老年人口腔健康状况进行调查、分析，以了解本地区老年口腔病发病的现状，为老年人的口腔保健提供参考。方法采用病史询问及口腔检查方式，对本院门诊患者中60岁以上的老年人进行口腔健康调查。结果200例受检者中牙周病患病率为83％，龋病患病率为89％，牙列缺失和缺损的患病率分别为19％及91％，楔状缺损患病率为76％。结论本地区老年人口腔健康情况较差，缺乏口腔保健意识。对老年人应加强口腔预防、保健工作，提高其生活质量。     

口腔科学

970377 105名维吾尔族百岁以上老人口腔综合调查/邱洪展…//中华口腔医学杂志一1996.31(6).一360~362 105名老年人,年龄100~135岁。男77名,女28名。口腔综合调查结果,失牙率100.。写,无牙领率54.3写,龋患率70.5%,牙周病患病率52.4%,唇颊粘膜正常检出率65.7%,裂沟舌检出率74.3%。无吸烟史者86.7%,无饮酒史94.3写,均无拔牙及修复等治疗史。105名老年人普遍缺乏口腔卫生知识及保健,虽有用手指擦洗口腔习惯,但缺少规范,菌斑清除率低。在有牙的情况下,应提倡刷牙漱口,定期口胶检查,防治牙病及作牙列的修复.表8参8(覃梅) 970378 698例老年干部口腔…     

海口市农村地区老年人慢性病及知晓现状调查

目的了解海口市农村地区老年人的慢性病及相关知识知晓现状,为探索老年人健康的社区干预和慢性病防治措施提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法对海口市农村地区1 973名老年人进行访谈、问卷调查,并汇总分析。结果海口市农村地区老年人小学及小学以下文化程度比例为81.7%,73.2%老人与子女同住,62.0%老人生活能自理;吸烟率为10.7%,饮酒率为9.4%,经常锻炼率为48.6%,自觉口味偏咸率为9.2%;慢性病总患病率为54.2%,男女患病情况差异无统计学意义(P0.05),年龄间差异有统计学意义(P0.001),80岁及以上患病率最高,为64.2%;慢性病相关健康知识整体知晓率为46.1%,知晓率较高的条目为"世界卫生组织提出的健康四大因素"(72.8%)和"高血压诊断标准"(54.2%),"吸烟有关疾病"条目的知晓率最低(11.9%);老年人获取健康知识的主要途径为医护人员(70.2%)和社区健康教育(24.4%)。结论海口市农村地区老年人健康知识知晓状况有待进一步改善,应积极探索健康教育及健康促进的新模式,为农村地区居民的健康干预提供依据。     

陕西省65～74岁老年人群龋病和牙周病状况抽样调查分析

了解陕西省65～74岁老年人群口腔健康状况,为陕西省开展老年口腔卫生保健工作提供依据。方法:按照第三次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查的标准,对陕西省城乡6个地区的787例65～74岁老年人进行了口腔健康状况调查。结果:65～74岁老年人冠龋患病率和龋均为68.4%、3.14。患病率在城乡、男女间无显著性差异(P>0.05),龋均(DFT)在城乡间有显著性差异(P<0.01),在男女间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。根龋患病率和龋均为35.2%、0.74,患病率在城乡间有显著性差异(P<0.05),在男女间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。龋齿充填率低,尤其是农村充填率更低。牙周状况:牙结石、牙龈出血、牙周袋、牙周附着丧失的检出率分别为86.5%、44.2%、55.9%、35.2%。牙结石、牙周附着丧失的检出率在城乡、男女间有显著性差异(P<0.05),牙周袋的检出率在城乡、男女间无显著性差异(P>0.05),牙龈出血的检出率在城乡间有显著性差异(P<0.05),而在男女间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:陕西省老年人的口腔健康状况不容乐观。应采取各种有效预防措施,控制龋病和牙周病的发生。提高龋齿充填率,加强口腔卫生宣教,改善口腔健康状况。     

川东北地区福利院老年人口腔卫生KAP状况及影响因素分析

目的探讨川东北地区福利院老年人口腔卫生KAP状况及影响因素分析。方法选取2017年11月～2018年6月川东北地区的496名福利院老年人,对所有老年人进行口腔卫生方面的知识、态度、行为(KAP)状况问卷调查。所有入组老年人对口腔健康的认知、态度及卫生行为情况;认知及态度与口腔卫生行为之间的关系、影响福利院老年人出现口腔疾病的相关因素。结果福利院老年人普遍拥有较低的口腔健康认知及态度,同时还存在较多的错误口腔卫生行为;对口腔健康的认知水平不同,其卫生行为也存在显著差异;对口腔健康的认知水平更高的老年人其口腔健康行为的正确率更高(P0.05);修复义齿及年龄是影响老年人出现口腔疾病的危险影响因素;而定期口腔检查、清洁牙石、含氟牙膏的使用、竖式刷牙及刷牙次数是影响老年人出现口腔疾病的保护性因素(P0.05)。结论福利院老年人对口腔卫生方面的认知、态度及卫生行为均较低。因此,在以后的实际工作中,要加强对福利院老年人的口腔健康教育,以进一步提高福利院老年人的对口腔卫生的认知及口腔健康水平。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.