血清氧磷酶-1活性与冠心病的关系

目的　观察和探讨中国人血清对氧磷酶 1(PON 1)活性与冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病的关系。方法　分光光度法测定入选研究对象 (包括 6 1例非冠心病患者 ,15 1例冠心病患者 )的血清PON 1活性 ;以冠状动脉造影结果作为分组依据 ,并分析PON 1活性与冠状动脉病变支数的关系。结果　冠心病组血清PON 1活性明显低于对照组 (t=17.2 5 ,P <0 .0 0 0 1) ;血清PON 1活性单支病变组明显高于双支、三支病变组 (F =9.5 36 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ;而双支和三支病变组比较差异无统计学意义 (P =0 .13)。结论　冠心病患者血清PON 1活性水平明显降低 ,随着病变支数增加 ,血清PON 1活性水平有逐步降低趋势。     

冠心病患者血清脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2水平与冠状动脉斑块稳定性的关系

目的探讨血清脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(Lp-PLA2)水平与冠心病(CAD)及其斑块稳定性关系。方法选择在本院就诊的冠心病患者126例为冠心病组,其中包括稳定性冠心病(SCAD)31例、不稳定型心绞痛(UAP)68例和急性心肌梗死(AMI)27例,以同期本院健康体检者119例作为健康对照组。检测所有入选研究对象血清Lp-PLA2、缺血修饰白蛋白(IMA)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)和血脂指标,对检测结果进行统计分析。结果冠心病组和健康对照组血清Lp-PLA2水平分别为(265.2±23.4)、(166.3±15.3)ng/mL,冠心病组显著高于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);冠心病患者血清LpPLA2与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL)正相关(r=0.522,P0.01),与载脂蛋白B(apoB)正相关(r=0.516,P0.001),相关程度较高,与IMA正相关(r=0.227,P=0.039),而与hs-CRP无相关性(r=0.077,P=0.245),与PCT无相关性(r=0.012,P=0.871);SCAD组、UAP组和AMI三组血清Lp-PLA2水平分别为(192.3±18.3)、(266.9±22.4)、(284.1±34.2)ng/mL,血清LpPLA2水平随着冠状动脉粥样斑块不稳定程度的增加明显升高(P0.01)。结论冠心病患者血清Lp-PLA2水平显著升高。Lp-PLA2主要与脂质代谢,特别是LDL代谢相关。对于冠心病患者,Lp-PLA2作为一种新的炎性形成标志物,与粥样斑块稳定性直接相关,是一个良好的临床评估指标。     

Atrophic gastritis is associated with coronary artery disease

Atrophic gastritis is characterized by chronic inflammation of gastric mucosa by Helicobacter pylori infection and other factors. Helicobacter pylori infection has been linked to coronary artery disease. To our knowledge, however, no reports are available on the relationship between atrophic gastritis and coronary artery disease. In this study, we investigated the relationship between atrophic gastritis, which is diagnosed based on serum pepsinogen levels (pepsinogen I ≤ 70 ng/mL and pepsinogen I/II ratio ≤ 3.0), and the prevalence of coronary artery disease in general Japanese population. Among 2,633 study subjects, 531 subjects (20.2%) were diagnosed as atrophic gastritis. The prevalence of coronary artery disease was higher in the atrophic gastritis-positive group than that in the atrophic gastritis-negative group (5.8% vs 2.8%, p = 0.0005). Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that atrophic gastritis was independently associated with coronary artery disease (odds ratio, 1.67; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–2.72), after adjustment for age, sex, obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, and habits of smoking and drinking. These results suggest that atrophic gastritis is an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease. Chronic inflammation of gastric mucosa may be associated with the prevalence of coronary artery disease.     

血清胆红素水平与冠状动脉病变程度的关系

目的研究血清胆红素水平与冠状动脉病变程度的关系，为冠心病（CHD）的预防、治疗探索新思路。方法将116例患者按冠状动脉造影结果分为冠心病组（CHD组）和非冠心病组（非CHD组），检测血清胆红素及冠心病一些重要传统危险因素，比较两组血清胆红素水平差异，对血清胆红素水平与冠状动脉病变程度之间的关系进行双因素及多网素分析，对血清胆红素水平与冠心病传统危险因素进行多因素分析。结果（1）CHD组血清总胆红素（TBIL）、直接胆红素（DBIL）水平低于非CHD组（P〈0．01）。（2）双变量分析显示冠状动脉病变积分（LNCCS）与TBIL和DBIL均呈负相关，相关系数分别为r=0．450（P〈0．01）和r=-0．774（P〈0．01）。（3）多元逐步回归分析显示血清DBIL进入回归方程，LNCCS和DBIL呈负相关。DBIL与LDL、性别、年龄相关，间接胆红素（IBIL）与HDL和LDL相关。结论血清胆红素水平与冠状动脉病变程度呈独立负相关，低血清胆红素水平是冠状动脉粥样硬化的独立危险因素。     

Serum osteoprotegerin levels and long‐term prognosis in subjects with stable coronary artery disease

Summary. Background: Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a secretory glycoprotein which belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor family. OPG immunoreactivity was demonstrated in normal blood vessels and in early atherosclerotic lesions. In a previous study, we showed that high serum OPG levels are associated with progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). Objectives: The present study was designed to assess the association between serum OPG level and long‐term prognosis in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Methods: We performed a prospective, observational cohort study in 225 subjects to examine whether serum OPG levels can predict cardiovascular mortality. The median OPG levels were 1.02 ng mL^?1 at baseline. Results: During the follow‐up (61 ± 25 months), 27 deaths occurred including 13 cardiovascular deaths. When the subjects were divided into three groups according to serum OPG level, the group with high serum OPG showed a higher risk for cardiovascular mortality. A Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model indicated that the higher risk of cardiovascular death in the high OPG level group remained significant (hazards ratio of 7.44, 95%CI 0.92–60.30, highest vs. lowest OPG tertile). In contrast, serum OPG levels were not associated with non‐cardiovascular mortality. Conclusions: Our data show that serum OPG levels are an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality in patients with stable coronary artery disease.     

Circulating lncRNA IFNG‐AS1 expression correlates with increased disease risk,higher disease severity and elevated inflammation in patients with coronary artery disease

Background

This study aimed to investigate the associations of circulating long, non‐coding (lncRNA) IFNG‐AS1, lncRNA ANRIL and lncRNA ITSN1 relative expressions with disease risk, severity and inflammatory cytokines levels in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients.

Methods

One hundred and ninety‐one patients suspected of CAD who underwent coronary angiography were consecutively enrolled in this casecontrol study, and divided into CAD patients (N = 102) and controls (N = 89) according to coronary angiographic results. Blood samples of all participants were collected. Plasma lncRNA IFNG‐AS1, lncRNA ANRIL and lncRNA ITSN1 expressions were detected using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Serum tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin (IL)‐1β (IL‐1β), IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, and IL‐17 were assessed using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Gensini Score was used to evaluate the disease severity of CAD patients.

Results

LncRNA IFNG‐AS1 relative expression in CAD patients was upregulated compared with that in controls (P < .001), and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that the area under curve (AUC) of lncRNA‐IFNG‐AS1 for predicting the risk of CAD was 0.755 (95% CI: 0.688‐0.821). lncRNA IFNG‐AS1 relative expression was remarkably associated with Gensini Score (r = .259, P = .009). Additionally, lncRNA IFNG‐AS1 relative expression was positively associated with high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) (r = .283, P = .004), TNF‐α (r = .269, P = .006), and IL‐6 levels (r = .425, P < .001), while it was negatively correlated with IL‐10 level (r = −.263, P = .008). lncRNA ANRIL or lncRNA ITSN1 was not correlated with CA D risk, Gensini Score, hs‐CRP, ESR, TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, or IL‐17 levels (all P > .05).

Conclusion

Circulating lncRNA IFNG‐AS1 expression correlates with increased disease risk, higher disease severity and elevated inflammation in CAD patients.

     

冠心病行冠状动脉内支架置入术病人的护理

总结42例冠心病行冠状动脉内支架置入术病人的护理,认为术后密切观察病情变化,术侧肢体制动,加强拔管护理和生活护理可以促进行冠状动脉内支架置入术的冠心病病人的早日康复,提高其生活质量.     

Impaired coronary artery distensibility is an endothelium‐dependent process and is associated with vulnerable plaque composition

Coronary endothelial‐dependent microvascular dysfunction, an early reversible stage of coronary artery disease (CAD), is associated with poor clinical outcome. The current study investigated whether coronary artery distensibility index (CDI) is associated with: (i) coronary endothelial‐dependent microvascular dysfunction and (ii) vulnerable plaque composition among subjects with non‐obstructive CAD. Seventy‐four subjects with non‐obstructive CAD (luminal stenosis <30%) were studied. In 20 subjects with and without coronary endothelial‐dependent microvascular dysfunction, coronary flow reserve (CFR) of target segment during intracoronary (IC) infusion of acetylcholine (Ach) and bolus injection of adenosine as well as CDI at rest of corresponding target segment were measured. In 54 subjects, plaque compositions and CDI at rest of 154 non‐obstructive coronary segments as well as proximal segment without disease were measured by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). CDI was defined as: [(Early‐diastolic cross‐sectional‐area (CSA) – End‐diastolic CSA of target segment)/(end‐diastolic CSA of target segment × coronary‐pulse‐pressure) × 10³]. There is a direct association between endothelial dysfunction and impaired CDI of a coronary segment both in the given coronary segment and corresponding microvessels in which a strong agreement between CDI and CFR Ach (r² = 0·85, P = 0·0001) was observed. Multivariable regression‐analysis showed that CDI was an independent predictor of the vulnerable plaque characteristics. The risk of impaired CDI was 125% higher in segments with necrotic core and 60% higher in segments with fibrofatty components as compared to normal segments (P = 0·001). In conclusions, the current study reveals that impaired CDI is an endothelial‐dependent process of both given coronary segment and corresponding microvessels and is associated with vulnerable plaque composition.     

冠状动脉粥样硬化与肾动脉狭窄关系研究

目的 探讨肾动脉狡窄与冠状动脉粥样硬化之间的关系。方法 对305例一临床拟诊的冠心病患者,进行冠状动脉造影和腹主动脉造影检查。对两组患者的动脉粥样硬化的易患因素进行独立t检验、趋势X^2检验、线性关联分析、多元logistic回归分析。结果 接受冠状动脉造影和腹主动脉数字减影检查的305倒患者中,肾动脉狭窄发生率为12．8％,经冠状动脉造影证实的172例冠心病患者中,肾动脉狡窄的发生率为22．3％;冠状动脉造影完全正常的103例患者中,无1例有肾动脉狭窄及病变存在。多元Logistic回归分析表明,年龄〉60岁,有冠心痛者,血肌酐≥100μmol／L是肾动脉狡窄的独立预测因素。结论 对冠心病患者,尤其是年龄〉60岁、血肌酐≥100μmol／L的患者,在冠状动脉造影时应进行常规腹主动脉造影检查,而对冠状动脉造影正常者,可不作为常规检查。     

冠状动脉病变与颅内动脉狭窄的相关性分析

目的分析冠心病患者冠状动脉病变程度与颅内动脉狭窄患病率的关系。方法收集我院干部科因怀疑冠心病或原有冠心病需要介入治疗而作经皮冠状动脉造影(CAG)的病例,利用经颅多普勒超声(TCD)探查颅内动脉狭窄情况。所有病例根据CAG受累血管数分为4组:正常组、1、2、3支病变组。结果82例患者CAG冠状动脉正常组17例,1、2、3支病变组分别为25、22、18例。4组患者颅内动脉狭窄患病率分别为23.5%、28.0%、59.1%、66.7%;趋势卡方检验结果,P<0.01,上升趋势有统计学意义。多支冠状动脉病变组颅内动脉狭窄率(62.5%)高于单支病变组(28%),P<0.05。多因素分析结果,冠状动脉多支病变是冠心病患者发生颅内动脉狭窄的独立危险因素,P=0.01(OR 4.542,95%CI为1.434~14.393;P<0.05)。结论随冠状动脉病变部位的增加,颅内动脉狭窄率有增加趋势。     

不同中医体质冠心病病人冠状动脉病变程度的比较分析

[目的]探讨冠心病中医体质与冠状动脉病变程度的关系。[方法]选择经冠状动脉造影确诊为冠心病的290例病人进行中医体质判定,应用Gensini积分和冠状动脉病变支数来评价冠状动脉病变程度,比较平和质和偏颇体质间冠状动脉病变的特点。[结果]290例病人中医体质分布情况:平和质(正常质)18例,占总病例数的6.21%;偏颇体质(病理体质)272例,占总病例数的93.79%。偏颇体质病人冠状动脉Gensini评分中、高分组所占比例高,且Gensini总评分高于平和质病人,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]偏颇体质发生冠心病的倾向较平和质高,冠状动脉狭窄程度较平和质严重。说明冠状动脉病变与中医体质类型有一定的关系,由此可预测冠心病发病的危险体质因素。     

Myeloperoxidase level in patients with stable coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndromes

Background No studies have measured plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO) across the entire spectrum of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of the study was to compare MPO level across the entire spectrum of CAD, to assess the accuracy of MPO in predicting acute coronary syndromes and to define independent correlates of MPO level. Design This case–control study included 874 patients with angiographically proven CAD. Cases included 680 patients with CAD (382 patients with stable CAD, 107 patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes and 191 patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction). Controls included 194 subjects with normal coronary angiograms. MPO was measured using an enzyme immunoassay before angiography and heparin administration. Results MPO level [median (25th–75th percentiles)] was 74·5 (52·5–135·3) µg L⁻¹ in cases vs. 61·2 (44·6–80·9), µg L⁻¹ in controls (P < 0·001). MPO level was 61·2 (47·5–85·8), µg L⁻¹ in patients with stable CAD, 99·2 (62·2–154·9), µg L⁻¹ in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes and 129·5 (72·2–216·0) µg L⁻¹ in patients with acute myocardial infarction (P < 0·001). Elevated MPO level was associated with acute coronary syndromes with an area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0·731 (95% confidence interval 0·692–0·770; P < 0·001). Independent correlates of MPO level were acute coronary syndrome (P < 0·001), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P = 0·007), creatinine (P = 0·026), left ventricular ejection fraction (P = 0·027, negative association) and smoking (P = 0·028). Conclusions MPO level is elevated in patients with CAD and higher levels of MPO were found with progression of CAD from stable CAD to non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes and to acute myocardial infarction.     

老年冠心病患者肾功能减低与严重冠状动脉病变的关系

目的:探讨老年冠心病患者肾功能减低与冠状动脉病变严重程度的关系。方法:219例经冠状动脉造影确诊且未合并原发肾脏疾病的老年冠心病患者,以简化MDRD公式计算肾小球滤过率,依据冠状动脉造影结果判断冠状动脉病变严重程度。结果:104例(47.5%)患者肾功能减低,其中慢性肾脏疾病患者37例(16.9%);严重冠状动脉病变患者117例(53.4%)。严重冠状动脉病变患者肾小球滤过率明显减低(P<0.05)。肾小球滤过率<70mL/(min.1.73m2)为严重冠状动脉病变的最强预测因子(P<0.05)。既往高血压病史、合并糖尿病、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇>2.6mmol/L及低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇也是严重冠状动脉病变的独立预测因素。结论:合并肾功能下降是老年冠心病患者发生严重冠状动脉病变的独立危险因素,其预测价值超过传统冠心病危险因素。     

血清对氧磷酶1活性与冠心病及其病变程度的关系

目的观察和探讨中国人血清对氧磷酶1(PON-1)活性与冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病及其病变程度的关系。方法分光光度法测定入选研究对象(包括非冠心病61例,冠心病151例)的血清PON-1活性;以冠状动脉造影结果作为分组依据,并分析PON-1活性与冠状动脉病变支数、Gensini评分的关系,并对影响冠心病Gensini评分的影响因子进行多因素分析。结果冠心病组血清PON-1活性明显低于对照组,(1.95±0.12)vs(2.28±0.13)(t=17.25,P<0.01);血清PON-1活性单支病变组明显高于双支、三支病变组(2.02±0.15)vs(1.95±0.11)vs(1.91±0.11)(F=9.356,P<0.05);而双支和三支病变组比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.13);血清PON-1活性与Gensini评分间呈负相关(rs=-0.315,P<0.01);PON-1活性、年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、性别、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)与冠状动脉病变的程度相关(P<0.05)。结论冠心病患者血清PON-1活性水平明显降低,随着病变程度加重,血清PON-1活性水平降低,二者呈负相关关系。     

粥样硬化性肾动脉病变与冠心病关系的研究

目的了解粥样硬化性肾动脉病变(ARAD)与冠心病(CAD)之间的关系。方法对254例临床疑诊或确诊CAD的患者进行冠状动脉造影的同时行肾动脉造影,并收集相关临床资料。结果肾动脉狭窄≥25%~50%、>50%~75%、>75%~100%的3组患者CAD的发生率分别为86.2%、90.4%、81.8%(P>0.05),而各组冠状动脉3支病变发生率均明显高于单支和双支病变(P<0.05);CAD患者中肾动脉狭窄>50%的两组患者临床表现严重心力衰竭和急性冠状动脉综合征的比例明显高于肾动脉狭窄≤50%的两组患者(P<0.05)。结论粥样硬化性肾动脉病变,而不是狭窄程度可以预测CAD及其严重程度,但明显肾动脉狭窄可能增加CAD患者严重心力衰竭和急性冠状动脉综合征的发生。     

冠状动脉旁路移植术96例治疗总结

目的：总结应用冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)治疗冠心病(CAD)的早期效果和经验。方法：回顾性分析96例CABG。应用体外循环(CPB)74例，非体外循环22例。搭桥数264支。平均2．7支。对手术方法、主要并发症和术后处理进行分析总结。结果：本组96例手术，95例患者均痊愈出院，1例死于顽固性快速室上性心律失常伴室性心律失常。术后发生心律失常16例；气胸1例，为呼吸机辅助下自发性气胸；心功能不全32例；二次开胸止血1例；切口感染2例；42例取静脉侧下肢有轻度水肿，2～4个月后消失；胸腔积液11例。上述并发症均给予相应处理后痊愈。术后心绞痛症状消失者61例，明显减轻者29例。无明显改善者6例。92例随访1～41个月，随访率96．8％，所有患者心功能均得到明显改善。结论：合理的选择病人，成熟的手术技术，良好的心肌保护及加强术后管理，能有效提高冠状动脉旁路移植术的疗效。