Meningioma--the Sarawak General Hospital experience

The aim of this study was to determine the factors for the large size of intracranial meningiomas at the time of presentation to the Sarawak General Hospital. The data was collected prospectively from 1/3/2000 to 28/2/2001. During this period a total of 57 cases of intracranial tumours were operated upon. Twenty of these cases (35%) were meningioma, making meningioma the most common intracranial tumour operated in the Neurosurgery service here with one to two cases operated per month. Headache was the most common symptom. The average duration of symptoms before the diagnosis was made was twenty-five months, the longest being fifteen years. The patients needed an average of seven visits prior to the diagnosis.     

Adult colonic intussusception: a case report

Intussusception accounts for almost all cases of intestinal obstruction in children. In contrast, intussusception in adults is relatively rare. An 86-year-old Japanese female with rectal bleeding came to our hospital via ambulance. At first, colonoscopy findings revealed the sigmoid colon cancer. Ultrasonography showed a hypoechoic mass with a multiple concentric ring sign. Computed tomography showed a round fluid-filled cystic structure. Colon contrast studies demonstrated stenosis in the rectosigmoid colon. A laparotomy was performed. The sigmoid colon was intussuscepted to the rectosigmoid colon. We employed both rectosigmoid and sigmoid colon resection. The resected specimen showed that the disease was advanced sigmoid colon cancer with ulcer formation due to an ischemic change. Tumor was 4.5 cm x 2.0 cm in size. The disease was histopathologically diagnosed as advanced sigmoid colon cancer, well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. We report here a case of adult intussusception due to the sigmoid colon cancer.     

Adult intussusception: case reports and review of literature

Adult intussusception occurs infrequently and differs from childhood intussusception in its presentation, aetiology, and treatment. Diagnosis can be delayed because of its longstanding, intermittent, and non-specific symptoms and most cases are diagnosed at emergency laparotomy. With more frequent use of computed tomography in the evaluation of patients with abdominal pain, the condition can be diagnosed more reliably. Treatment entails simple bowel resection in most cases. Reduction of the intussusception before resection is controversial, but there is a shift against this, especially in colonic cases. Surgical treatment can be difficult in gastroduodenal and coloanal intussusceptions, sometimes requiring innovative techniques. This paper presents the diagnosis and management of four cases of adult intussusception, followed by review of the literature.     

成人腹部创伤手术后发生肠套叠1例

肠套叠在小儿发生较多 ,成人较为少见[1 ] ,因而腹部侧伤后发生肠套叠报道甚少。我科于 2 0 0 3年抢救治愈成人腹部创伤手术后发生粘连性肠梗阻继发肠套叠 1例 ,现报告如下。1　临床资料　　某男 ,2 2岁 ,车祸致腹、左腰部疼痛 2h入院。P 12 0次 min ,BP 70 40mmHg ,R 2 3次     

成人肠套叠（附44例分析）

本文总结１９６９－１９９０年２２年间住院治疗成人肠套叠４４例。占同期全部肠套叠住院病例２６．４％。急性４０．９％，亚急性３６．４％，慢性２２．７％。５０％有器性病变，恶性肿瘤占１３．６％。套叠类型：小肠型、小肠－结肠型、结肠型分别占３１．８％、４７．７％、２０．５％。４３例行手术治疗、其中７４．４％做了肠切除吻合术，本组死亡率为９．１％。作者对成人肠套叠临床特点、诊断与治疗问题进行了讨论。     

成人腹部创伤手术后发生肠套叠1例

肠套叠在小儿发生较多，成人较为少见，因而腹部侧伤后发生肠套叠报道甚少。我科于2003年抢救治愈成人腹部创伤手术后发生粘连性肠梗阻继发肠套叠1例，现报告如下。     

Management of intractable postpartum haemorrhage in a tertiary center: A 5-year experience

Background:

The purpose of this study is to describe treatment alternatives to prevent postpartum hysterectomy after failure of conventional therapies. Prevention of hysterectomy was the main outcome studied.

Materials and Methods:

This is a retrospective study of 19 patients diagnosed to have intractable postpartum hemorrhage and not managed with medical treatment who were subsequently treated with operative interventions in our unit between January 2004 and January 2009. The cases were identified by review of medical records.

Results:

In the period under review, a total of 17,341 deliveries were conducted, out of which 19 women were managed for intractable PPH. The incidence of severe PPH unresponsive to standard medical treatment was 0.1%. The mean maternal age was 33.5±3.4 years (range 27–39 years). The mean gestational age was 38.3±1.3 weeks (range 37–41 weeks). Organ preserving surgery methods were utilized in all the patients with a success rate 78.9%. The mean duration of surgery was 95 minutes (range 50–130 minutes) and the mean hospital stay was for 5 days. The mean transfused blood volume was 2.4 units as packed red cells. Among these 19 cases, 4 cases were resorted to hysterectomy.

Conclusions:

In the presence of uncontrolled hemorrhage, this simple procedure should be tried before other complex treatment alternatives are undertaken. Our case series suggests that the combination of uterine artery ligation with B-Lynch sutures might be the best surgical approach because it preserves future fertility better than other methods and avoids high operative risks and morbidity.     

Adult rectosigmoid junction intussusception presenting with rectal prolapse

Most cases of intussusception in adults present with chronic and nonspecifi c symptoms, and can sometimes be challenging to diagnose. We herein report on a patient w ith the rare symptom of colonic intussusceptions presenting with rectal prolapse and review the existing literature of similar case reports to discuss how to reach an accurate diagnosis. A 75-year-old woman with dementia presented with per rectal bleeding, rectal prolapse and lower abdominal pain. An operation was scheduled and a large sigmoid intussusception with a polyp as a leading point was found intraoperatively. She subsequently recovered well and was discharged. As large sigmoid intussusceptions may present as rectal prolapse, intussusception should be considered as a differential diagnosis for immobile patients, especially when the leading point is a lesion.     

Colonoscopy in Jamaica--a 12-year experience

Four hundred and nine colonoscopic examinations were performed in 335 patients over a 12-year period in Jamaica. The main indications were suspected polyps (34%) rectal bleeding (22%) and suspected carcinoma (11%). Total colonoscopy was performed in 33% of cases. The ascending colon and hepatic flexure were examined in a further 25%, and the transverse colon in another 21%. Endoscopic examination of the suspected abnormal area was possible in all cases. In 142 examinations, no abnormality was detected, reflecting a false positive Barium enema in some. Polyps were found in 135 examinations, diverticula in 69 and carcinoma in 13. There were no complications. Colonoscopy was more sensitive and specific than Barium enema. The Barium enema findings were incorrect in 91 of 224 examinations (41%). Colonoscopy is a safe and accurate procedure which enables improved patient management.     

Laparoscopic splenectomy: a 12-year single-center experience

In 1991, Delaitre and Maignien performed the first splenectomy with a laparoscope. Laparoscopic splenectomy （LS） is now an accepted alternative to open splenectomy, but questions still remain, such as the appropriate manner in which to position the patient, the best means of assuring hemostasis, and whether LS can be performed in cases of splenomegaly.     

Intracranial arteriovenous malformations: an 11-year experience

A consecutive series of 107 patients with an intracranial arteriovenous malformation who were considered for surgical treatment over the 11-year period between 1974 and 1985 is analysed. In 71 (66.4%) patients complete obliteration (which in some cases was combined with pre- or peroperative embolization) by surgery was attempted and was achieved in all but two patients. Five patients were treated by embolization alone and three patients by radiotherapy alone. Twenty-eight patients were managed conservatively for one of four reasons: an expectation of a good outcome without treatment (six patients); the refusal of recommended surgical treatment (five patients); poor condition at presentation (eight patients); or the risks of operative treatment were thought to be too great (nine patients). There was a 9.9% mortality in the surgically-treated series and significant morbidity in 16 (22.3%) patients. In all but two of these 16 patients, morbidity was related directly to the initial intracerebral haemorrhage. The one-year mortality in the group that did not undergo operation was significantly higher than in those patients who were treated surgically. Some general guide-lines for the management of intracranial arteriovenous malformations are proposed.     

Superior vena caval obstruction: a 10-year experience

One hundred and fifty-nine patients with symptoms of superior vena caval obstruction who presented to two major hospitals over a 10-year period, from 1970 to 1979, were reviewed. Lung cancer was the most common histological diagnosis. The most common symptoms were dyspnoea and a feeling of fullness in the head. The most common physical findings were dilatation of the neck or chest wall veins, or oedema of the face and arms. Superior mediastinal widening was the most common radiological abnormality. No significant morbidity was associated with any diagnostic procedure. Only patients with lymphoma had a significantly longer survival period, both from the diagnosis of the disease, and from the onset of the symptoms of superior vena caval obstruction. There is no evidence that superior vena caval obstruction is an absolute medical emergency. Appropriate diagnostic steps should be undertaken to establish the histological diagnosis. The prognosis for some tumour types may be improved by combined modality therapy (chemotherapy plus radiotherapy).     

B超引导下经直肠前列腺穿刺临床分析

目的 总结B超引导下经直肠前列腺穿刺的经验并分析影响前列腺穿刺结果的因素.方法 统计卫生部北京医院1996-2007年行B超引导下经直肠前列腺穿刺病例.患者入选条件为前列腺特异抗原(PSA)>4μg/L,和(或)直肠指检发现前列腺结节,和(或)B超或磁共振成像(MRI)检查发现前列腺异常信号者.对PSA 4～10 μg/L者结合游离PSA/总PSA比值≤0.16或PSA密度>0.15决定是否进行穿刺.前列腺穿刺方案为6～12针.结果 本组研究共有687例患者接受了前列腺穿刺,平均年龄(70 ±8)岁.诊断为前列腺癌者269例,平均年龄为(72±8)岁,其中接受前列腺癌根治术者99例,平均年龄(69±6)岁.因PSA升高就诊者总体占42.8%(294/687),发现前列腺结节者为121例(17.6%).接受前列腺穿刺患者数量逐年增加,由1996年的10例增加到2007年的98例.总穿刺阳件率为39.8%,最高年度是1999年的60.0%(15/25),最低是2005年的30.4%(21/69).穿刺阳性患者数旱逐年增加的趋势,最低的是1996年的4例,最高的是2007年的42例.PSA水平与穿刺阳性率呈正相关.应用游离PSA/总PSA比值显著提高了PSA介于4～10μg/L患者的前列腺穿刺阳性率(P<0.05).主要并发症血尿、大便表而带血、发热发生率分别为46.3%、8.7%、1.9%.结论 结合PSA,游离PSA/总PSA比值和增加前列腺穿刺针数可以有效提高前列腺癌穿刺阳性率.经直肠B超引导下前列腺穿刺活检诊断前列腺癌是安全有效的.