母乳喂养对新生儿生理性体重下降的影响

目的:探讨母乳喂养对新生儿生理性体重下降的影响。方法:将187例纯母乳喂养与196例混合喂养新生儿的生理性体重下降程度进行了对比分析。结果:纯母乳喂养组与混合喂养组相比差异有显著性。结论:纯母乳喂养使新生儿体重下降幅度减少且回升快。     

深圳市中医院1219例新生儿母乳喂养现状及护理

目的 了解深圳市中医院分娩新生儿母乳喂养现状.方法 对2010年3月至2011年3月深圳市中医院分娩资料进行统计回顾分析.结果 2010年3月至2011年3月间深圳市中医院产科分娩新生儿1219例,纯母乳喂养1105例,混合喂养111例,牛奶喂养3例.结论 住院分娩新生儿住院期间母乳喂养是成功母乳喂养的重要举措.提高自然分娩率以促进新生儿纯母乳喂养率.     

游泳加抚触及不同喂养方式对新生儿体重的影响

目的探讨新生儿游泳和抚触对新生儿体重的影响。方法将正常足月新生儿200例分为游泳抚触母乳喂养、游泳抚触混合喂养、游泳抚触人工喂养、纯母乳喂养4组,每组50例,纯母乳喂养组为对照组,观察新生儿出生时及出生后的体重变化。结果四组新生儿出院的体重有差异。结论游泳加抚触有助于新生儿体重增加。     

不同喂养方式对新生儿黄疸的影响

目的探讨不同喂养方式对新生儿黄疸的影响。方法随机抽取于我院足月分娩的新生儿共600例,根据母乳喂养情况纯母乳喂养组320例为1组,混合喂养新生儿240例为2组,人工喂养组40例为3组。比较3组新生儿胎便初排、日排便次数、胎便转黄、黄疸指数及黄疸持续时间的差别。结果纯母乳喂养组黄疸出现时间晚、持续时间短、程度轻、黄疸发生率较低。结论纯母乳喂养有利于胎粪排出及胆红素的清除,有效控制或减轻新生儿黄疸的发生。     

纯母乳喂养与新生儿黄疸的相关性探讨

目的探讨纯母乳喂养与新生儿黄疸的相关性。方法选取近期在我院正常分娩的100例新生儿作为观察对象,根据其喂养方法分为对照组与观察组两组,对照组新生儿进行人工喂养,观察组新生儿严格进行母乳喂养,观察两组新生儿的体重、大小便次数等资料,分析纯母乳喂养和新生儿黄疸的相关性。结果观察组50例患儿的体重、大小便次数与对照组相比有明显差异,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论纯母乳喂养与新生儿黄疸有明显的相关性,新生儿黄疸阶段进行有效频繁的吸吮,有助于胎便的排出,减少血清胆红素,降低黄疸的发生率。     

院内纯母乳喂养104例新生儿体重监测

我院于1998年实行母婴同室,实施院内纯母乳喂养.纯母乳喂养能否满足新生儿的需要,是否影响新生儿的体重,为我们医务工作者和产妇所关注.为此,我们对医院内纯母乳喂养的104例新生儿体重进行了测量,以期为纯母乳喂养提供科学依据.     

游泳加抚触及不同喂养方式对新生儿黄疸的影响

目的探讨新生儿游泳和抚触对新生儿黄疸的影响。方法将正常足月新生儿200例分为游泳抚触母乳喂养、游泳抚触混合喂养、游泳抚触人工喂养、纯母乳喂养4组,每组50例,纯母乳喂养组为对照组,观察四组新生儿经皮测黄疸指数的变化。结果游泳抚触母乳喂养、游泳抚触混合喂养、游泳抚触人工喂养组与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义。结论游泳加抚触有助于新生儿胎便的尽早排出,降低新生儿黄疸。     

母乳喂养对新生儿生理性体重下降的影响

为探讨母乳喂养对新生儿生理性体重下降的影响。我们将187例纯母乳喂养与196例混合喂养新生儿的生理性体重下降程度进行了对比分析。发现纯母服喂养组与混合喂养组相比有显著性差异。提示纯母乳喂养使新生儿体重下降幅度减小且回升快。     

新生儿早期母乳喂养的调查分析与对策

目的 了解新生儿早期的母乳喂养情况,为提高新生儿的纯母乳喂养率采取有效对策.方法 选择2010年5月～2012年5月笔者第一次访视的Apgar评分为10分的足月正常新生儿母亲385例进行分析.结果 顺产、初产和高文化程度的产妇纯母乳喂养率与剖宫产、经产(高龄)、低文化程度的产妇纯母乳喂养率的比较,差异有显著性(P＜0.05或P ＜0.01).结论 要提高新生儿早期的纯母乳喂养率,产科责任护士和产后访视人员要加强对剖宫产妇,经产妇(高龄)的母乳喂养知识指导,耐心指导低文化程度产妇,因地制宜,正确认识100％纯母乳喂养的重要性.     

母乳喂养对新生儿的影响

目的探讨母乳喂养对新生儿的影响。方法将母乳喂养组与非纯母乳喂养组新生儿体重变化及患病率进行比较。结果母乳喂养组体重明显高于对照组，而患病率明显低于对照组。结论纯母乳喂养新生儿生理性体重下降幅度小，且回升早，恢复快。能够增强新生儿的抗病能力，有利于新生儿健康发育。     

爱婴医院院内外影响母乳喂养的多因素分析

目的 分析影响母乳喂养的因素,以提高母乳喂养率。方法 设计调查表对广州市1320例4个月婴儿的母乳喂养情况进行调查,并对影响纯母喂养率的因素进行回归分析。结果 4个月内纯母乳喂养率为56.5%,人工喂养率为7.3%,混合喂养率为36.2%。爱婴医院院内影响母乳喂养的主要因素有：母亲的年龄、职业、分娩方式、母婴同室、家庭经济水平、母乳喂养知识水平及母乳喂养态度等。采用多元回归分析的方法,筛选出影响纯母乳喂养持续行为的5个因素,其强度依次为：母乳量,母乳喂养咨询门诊,母亲患病,家庭经济收入,母乳喂养信念。结论 产妇出院后纯母乳喂养率逐月下降。提示我们应将妇幼保健服务从院内扩大到院外,采取有效的健康教育和干预措施,提高纯母乳喂养率。     

新生儿TORCH感染的检查及分析

本研究对北京城区新生儿的弓形体、风疹病毒、巨细胞病毒及单纯疱疹病毒感染(总称TORCH)进行了血清学检查及病毒分离并结合临床病历作了分析。结果说明55名新生儿及其母亲TORCH感染是严重的。55名新生儿中9例有临床表现,3例中分离出CMV。从其母亲中分离得6株CMV及1株HSV。CMV及HSV的病毒分离可补充血清学诊断的不足。对TORCH中4种病原体同时作血清学检查及病原体分离可能发现混合感染,避免单项检查的错误判断。     

Further studies on neonatal rotavirus infections

Forty newborn babies who were shown to be excreting rotaviruses within a few days of birth were tested daily for one month. Most were found to excrete virus for only a short period of time. In 48% of babies, virus was found on one day only, in 25% it was present for two days, and in 10% for three days. Most of these infections did not appear to confer lasting immunity. Only 21% of young children who excreted virus as neonates had detectable circulating complement-fixing antibodies when eight to eighteen months old. A survey of newborn babies showed that 89% of babies possessed the antibody, but, by the age of four to six months, the antibody was present only in 7%. This supports the view that infected neonates fail to develop circulating complement-fixing antibodies. Infection rates did not differ significantly between breast-fed and bottle-fed babies. Likewise, maternal antibody levels could not be shown to have any effect on infection. No rotavirus particles were found in breast milk.     

武汉地区乙型肝炎母婴传播的调查

340名孕妇产前HBsAg、抗—HBs、HBeAg、抗HBe、抗—HBc的阳性率分别为7.7％、4.7％、6.2％、2.9％、4.7％。25名HBsAg阳性产妇的婴儿中,7例HBsAg阳性(29.6％)。三大抗原系统阴性的婴儿无一例HBsAg阳性,13例e抗原阳性母亲的婴儿,5例HBs阳性,12例e抗原阴性、HBsAg阳性产妇之婴儿,2名HBsAg阳性。430份脐血,HBsAg全部阴性。     

新生儿期生长发育及影响因素调查

对370例新生儿的生长发育进行了监测,本组新生儿出生体重平均为3277g,平均身长49.9cm,低体重儿(<2500g)的发生率为1.6%,出生后8～14d生长最快,28d平均累计增重981g、增长6cm、母乳喂养儿的身长和体重的增长速度和幅度均优于其他喂养方式。并对母乳喂养年龄,妊娠周数,出生体重等影响生长发育的因素进行了分析。     

A comparison of hexachlorophene and Lactacyd on growth of skin flora in healthy term newborn infants

Reports of toxicity from the routine bathing of newborn infants with hexachlorophene resulted in discontinuing its use in the newborn nurseries of the Ottawa Civic Hospital, only to be followed by an outbreak of skin infections. As a result, a controlled trial of bathing newborn babies with either Lactacyd or pHisoHex was begun. The efficacy of the soaps was evaluated by comparing the colonization of the nose and umbilical cords of 158 pHisoHex-washed babies and 156 Lactacyd-washed babies on the day of discharge from hospital. The gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial flora of nose and cord of infants washed with pHisoHex and Lactacyd were identical in frequency and distribution.     

How much energy does the breast fed infant consume and expend?

Energy intake in breast fed infants is uncertain. The doubly labelled water method was used to measure, simultaneously and non-invasively, energy expenditure, energy intake, milk volume intake, energy deposition, and the energy content of breast milk in 12 "free living" breast fed babies at 5 and 11 weeks of age. The validity of this new approach was assessed in a parallel study in 12 formula fed infants. The babies who were exclusively breast fed expended 1.28 and 1.68 MJ/day at five and 11 weeks and had intakes of 1.81 and 2.22 MJ/day; these intakes were associated with normal growth but were well below those recommended previously. At five and 11 weeks the calculated energy content of breast milk was 0.24 and 0.25 MJ/100 ml, which is substantially lower than that commonly reported in milk obtained unphysiologically by expression of the breast. These data cast doubt on the widely used published standards for infant feeding.     

The management of varicella-zoster virus exposure and infection in pregnancy and the newborn period. Australasian Subgroup in Paediatric Infectious Diseases of the Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases

Zoster immunoglobulin (ZIG) should be offered to pregnant, varicella-seronegative women with significant exposure to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) (chickenpox) infection. Oral aciclovir prophylaxis should be considered for susceptible pregnant women exposed to VZV who did not receive ZIG or have risk factors for severe disease. Intravenous aciclovir should be given to pregnant women who develop complicated varicella at any stage of pregnancy. Counselling on the risk of congenital varicella syndrome is recommended for pregnant women who develop chickenpox. ZIG should be given to a baby whose mother develops chickenpox up to 7 days before delivery or up to 28 days after delivery. Intravenous aciclovir should be given to babies presenting unwell with chickenpox, whether or not they received ZIG. Breastfeeding of babies infected with or exposed to VZV is encouraged. A mother with chickenpox or zoster does not need to be isolated from her own baby. If siblings at home have chickenpox, a newborn baby should be given ZIG if its mother is seronegative. The newborn baby does not need to be isolated from its siblings with chickenpox, whether or not the baby was given ZIG. After significant nursery exposure to VZV, ZIG should be given to seronegative babies and to all babies born before 28 weeks' gestation.     

初乳中检测HCV-RNA的意义

目的　探讨丙型肝炎病毒通过母乳传播的可能性。方法　对 2 2例丙肝血清学标志阳性母亲产后 1～ 3天内的乳汁 ,采用聚合酶链反应 (PCR)技术检测HCV RNA。结果　丙型肝炎血清学标志阳性组乳汁中HCV RNA检出率为 18 2 %。结论　乳汁HCV RNA阳性者具有传染性 ,通过哺乳有可能导致婴儿感染HCV ,而不宜哺乳。     

Energy intake and weight gain of very low birthweight babies fed raw expressed breast milk

The energy intake and weight gain of low birthweight infants (under 1500 g) fed expressed breast milk were measured. Between the second and fourth weeks of life the mean energy intake was 577 kJ (138 kcals)/kg/day and the mean weekly increase in weight 119 g/week. Feeding energy-rich hind milk to two babies increased their energy intake but had little effect on their rate of weight gain. There appeared to be no correlation between energy intake and weight gain, probably owing to variation in the absorption of nutrients from expressed breast milk. This study forms a basis for a comparison of weight gain in babies fed alternative regimens of artificial milks.