阴道超声结合彩色多普勒超声诊断卵巢恶性肿瘤的价值

目的探讨经阴道超声及彩色多普勒超声准确诊断卵巢恶性肿瘤的价值,鉴别卵巢良恶性肿瘤.方法47例有盆腔肿块的患者,术前应用阴道超声对肿块进行评分同时加用彩色多普勒超声检查获得PI和RI值.术后对照病理诊断了解诊断符合率.结果阴道超声对盆腔肿块评分B超积分＞9的19例患者中,病理检查证实为恶性肿瘤17例,诊断符合率为89.5%.B超积分≤9的28例患者中,病理检查证实为良性肿瘤26例,诊断符合率为92.9%.彩色多普勒超声测定肿块周边血流PI＜1.0的例数19例,病理检查证实为恶性肿瘤18例,诊断符合率为94.7%.RI＜0.5的例数19例,病理检查证实为恶性肿瘤19例,诊断符合率为100%.超声评分和血流PI、RI值综合估计肿块良恶性程度B超积分＞9和PI＜1.0、RI＜0.5共18例,病理检查均为恶性肿瘤,诊断符合率为100%.B超积分≤9和PI≥1.0、RI≥0.5共27例,病理检查证实为良性肿瘤26例,诊断符合率96.3%.结论B超积分＞9和PI＜1.0、RI＜0.5是卵巢恶性肿瘤较特异的超声表现,是鉴别卵巢良恶性肿瘤较好的手段.     

盆腔子宫内膜异位症病灶分布特点及其腹腔镜诊断准确性的评价

目的 探讨盆腔子宫内膜异位症（内异症）病灶的分布特点以及腹腔镜用于诊断不同部位、不同类型内异症病灶的准确率及其与病理诊断的符合率。方法 对62例腹腔镜诊断的内异症病灶行切除术,对肉眼正常的腹膜随机进行活检,并均送病理检查。以病理诊断为标准,计算腹腔镜诊断不同类型、不同部位以及不同颜色内异症病灶的阳性预测值、阴性预测值及敏感度、特异度。结果 62例患者中,55例有卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿。取得219份内异症腹膜病灶组织、54份肉眼正常腹膜组织以及71个卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿;盆腔后半部腹膜内异症病灶占80．8％（177／219）,左侧（58．0％,127／219）多于右侧（42．0％,92／219）。盆腔腹膜内异症病灶中蓝色病灶最常见,占39．3％（86／219）。腹腔镜诊断腹膜内异症与病理诊断比较,阳性预测值为67．6％,敏感度为93．7％,阴性预测值为81．4％,特异度为38．3％。其中以蓝色病灶和左侧宫骶韧带处病灶的病理诊断阳性率最高,分别为94．2％及84．7％。卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿中,左侧占43．6％（24／55）,右侧占27．3％（15／55）,双侧占29．1％（16／55）,其中80．3％（57／71）的卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿被病理诊断证实。肉眼正常腹膜活检54份标本中,10例（18．5％）病理检查阳性。结论 盆腔内异症病灶的分布呈非对称性,盆腔后部多于前部,左侧多于右侧;腹腔镜下所见的蓝色病灶及宫骶韧带病灶的病理诊断阳性率较高。     

卵巢子宫内膜异位症与卵巢恶性肿瘤的相关性分析

目的卵巢子宫内膜异位症（EM）是常见的妇科良性疾病,具有潜在的恶变可能。本研究通过对卵巢EM恶变、合并EM及未合并EM的卵巢恶性肿瘤病例的分析,了解卵巢EM恶变与卵巢恶性肿瘤的关系。方法 回顾性分析新疆医科大学第一附属医院2003年1月至2010年12月经病理确诊的原发性卵巢恶性肿瘤患者共362例,根据卵巢EM恶变诊断标准及病理结果,将EM恶变的17例患者分为A组,其他仅合并卵巢EM的卵巢恶性肿瘤16例患者分为B组,未合并卵巢EM的卵巢恶性肿瘤329例为C组,从卵巢恶性肿瘤的临床病理资料对三组进行对照分析。同期在本院经手术确诊的卵巢EM患者共1 946例。结果A、B组临床症状多以腹痛为主,其次为盆腔包块;从临床分期来看,A、B组以Ⅱ期居多,分别占70.6%、56.5%,C组以Ⅲ期为多,占47.7%;从组织类型来看,A、B组多为透明细胞癌（分别为70.6%、56.2%）,而C组则以浆液性腺癌（50.2%）为主。三组在一般特征、临床分期及病理组织分类的分布差异均有统计学意义。结论卵巢EM恶变的临床症状以腹痛为多,其次为盆腔包块,肿块直径超过9 cm,且CA125水平多在200 U/ml以上;卵巢EM恶变及卵巢恶性肿瘤合并EM病例中早期患者比例较高,具有年轻化（尤其是卵巢内异症恶变患者）的特点,且多为卵巢透明细胞癌和子宫内膜样癌;卵巢EM恶变的诊断与组织病灶程度、临床分期可能有关,卵巢EM病灶恶变可能来源于透明细胞癌和子宫内膜样癌,因此卵巢EM可被认为是卵巢恶性肿瘤的危险因素。     

卵巢子宫内膜异位症恶变的临床病理特征分析

目的:分析卵巢子宫内膜异位症(EMs)恶变的临床病理特征。方法:回顾分析2011年12月至2015年12月于郑州大学人民医院妇科行手术治疗且术后病理确诊的卵巢癌患者281例,其中符合内异症恶变诊断标准者24例(内异症恶变组),非内异症恶变者257例(非内异症恶变组)。分析两组患者的临床组织病理学类型及FIGO分期。结果:与非内异症恶变组相比,内异症恶变组患者的平均年龄早、绝经前诊断比例较大,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。内异症恶变组术前CA125值(110.27±112.62)U/ml,腹水量较少、病理类型多为透明细胞癌(45.83%)、FIGO分期早期(87.50%);非内异症恶变组术前CA125值(1242.75±2104.28)U/ml、腹水量较多,病理类型多为浆液性腺癌(72.37%),FIGO分期晚期(74.71%);两组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05)。两组患者在癌灶单双侧及淋巴结转移情况比较,差异均无统计学意义(P均0.05)。结论:卵巢内异症恶变患者发病年龄小、腹水量少、术前CA125较低、FIGO期别早,组织病理以透明细胞癌及子宫内膜样腺癌为主。     

罕见的腹壁异位子宫内膜癌肉瘤变一例报告及文献复习

子宫内膜异位症(内异症)为生育年龄妇女的常见病，其发病率为10％-15％。尽管内异症为良性病变，但有一定的恶变率。一般认为，内异症恶变主要发生在卵巢，病理类型多为子宫内膜样癌或透明细胞癌，其他部位恶变或恶变的其他病理组织学类型发生较少。本文报道1例卵巢外异位内膜癌肉瘤变，并结合文献报道，探讨其组织发生、诊断及治疗问题。     

SPOCK2基因表观失活在卵巢子宫内膜异位症恶变中的作用

目的 通过比较卵巢子宫内膜异位症(内异症)恶变患者的恶变组织、异位内膜组织和在位内膜组织中SPOCK2基因的甲基化及蛋白表达情况,探讨该基因的表观失活在卵巢内异症恶变中的作用.方法 选择2005年1月至2011年1月在中国医科大学附属盛京医院妇产科住院手术、并经术后病理确诊为卵巢内异症恶变患者22例的病理石蜡标本为恶变组(包括11例卵巢内膜样癌、8例透明细胞癌、2例浆液性囊腺癌及1例黏液性囊腺癌),以同期22例单纯卵巢内异症患者的异位内膜及在位内膜的病理石蜡标本(内异症组)及16例宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)Ⅲ患者的正常子宫内膜的病理石蜡标本(对照组)为对照.通过显微切割技术分别获取恶变组患者的恶变组织22份,癌旁异位内膜组织15份及在位内膜组织10份;内异症组患者的异位内膜组织22份及在位内膜组织17份;对照组患者的正常子宫内膜组织16份.通过亚硫酸盐修饰后酶切技术检测各组织中SPOCK2基因甲基化情况,免疫组化SP法检测SPOCK2基因的蛋白表达情况.探讨SPOCK2基因异常甲基化与其蛋白表达的关系.结果 (1)SPOCK2基因甲基化情况:恶变组患者的恶变组织中,SPOCK2基因甲基化发生率为45％(10/22),显著高于癌旁异位内膜组织(1/15),两者比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);恶变组患者的癌旁内异症组织中SPOCK2基因甲基化发生率(1/15)与内异症组患者的异位内膜(5％,1/22)比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).(2)SPOCK2基因蛋白表达情况:恶变组患者的恶变组织中SPOCK2基因蛋白表达缺失率为44％(11/22),显著高于恶变组患者癌旁异位内膜组织的2/15,两者比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);但恶变组患者癌旁异位内膜组织中SPOCK2基因蛋白表达缺失率(2/15)与内异症组异位内膜(5％,1/22)比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).3组在位内膜组织中SOPCK2基因的蛋白表达缺失率比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).(3)SPOCK2基因甲基化与其蛋白表达缺失的关系:SPOCK2基因异常甲基化能够导致其蛋白表达缺失( 20/22,P＜0.05).结论 SPOCK2基因的表观失活与卵巢内异症恶变相关.     

12例卵巢卵黄囊瘤临床及超声表现分析

目的:探讨卵巢卵黄囊瘤的临床与超声特点,评价彩色多普勒超声诊断卵巢卵黄囊瘤的临床应用价值。方法:回顾性分析12例经手术病理检查证实为卵巢卵黄囊瘤患者的临床及超声表现。结果:①12例患者年龄14～44岁,临床主要表现为中下腹胀、盆腔包块、下腹痛等。病程在1月之内10例。术前10例患者行血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)检测,其水平均高于正常;12例中8例患者血清CA125增高。卵巢卵黄囊瘤均为单发,其中7例为单纯卵巢卵黄囊瘤,5例为含有卵黄囊成分的卵巢恶性混合型生殖细胞肿瘤。FIGO分期:ⅠA期4例,ⅠC期5例,ⅡC期1例,ⅢC期2例。②超声检查见12例患者的肿块最大径线为71～185mm,其中实性肿块4例,囊实性肿块7例,囊性肿块1例。超声图像显示包块边界清晰,大部分呈椭圆形;实性部分彩色血流信号丰富,其中2例甚至见动静脉瘘;7例含有大量的盆腹腔积液,其中2例伴胸腔积液。结论:卵巢卵黄囊瘤主要发生于青春期及育龄期女性,病程快,伴有血清AFP水平明显增高。彩色多普勒超声检查有助于对本病的诊断和鉴别。     

深部子宫内膜异位症基础及临床研究现状

子宫内膜异位症（内异症）是生育年龄妇女的常见病,其临床病理特点是分布广泛,形态多样。绝大部分内异症病灶位于盆腔,根据病变的部位和浸润的深度分为腹膜型内异症、卵巢内膜异位囊肿和深部浸润内异症（deeply—infiltrating endometriosis,DIE）。DIE是一组浸润到腹膜下深度≥5mm的内异症病变,可以位于盆腔的任何地方,但绝大部分DIE病变位于后盆腔,常常涉及重要器官如结直肠、输尿管及膀胱。常见的DIE病变包括盆腔后部内异症（宫骶韧带、直肠窝或者阴道直肠隔内异症）、膀胱内异症和输尿管内异症等。     

术前诊断卵巢交界性肿瘤的超声特征

目的探讨卵巢交界性肿瘤的术前超声特点，以便早期诊断。方法总结分析1995年10月-2005年12月，在我院住院手术的卵巢交界性肿瘤患者，术前经阴道超声检查、多普勒血流频谱检测，手术病理证实为交界性卵巢肿瘤的患者共54例，年龄18-82岁。同时与同期手术的卵巢良性上皮性肿瘤60例、I期卵巢癌22例做对比。结果54例卵巢交界性肿瘤中，浆液性19例，黏液性28例，混合型7例。其中浆液性肿瘤与黏液性肿瘤相比，肿瘤体积小（P=0．003）、单房多见（P〈0．001）、其内多有乳头与实性区（P〈0．001）。54例卵巢交界性肿瘤中，29／54（53．70％）例内壁有乳头或实性区，良性肿瘤7／60（11．67％）例内壁有乳头或实性区，I期卵巢癌20／22（90．91％）例内壁有乳头或实性区（P〈0．001）。50例交界性肿瘤行彩色多普勒检查，45／50（90．00％）例可探测到血流信号（与良性肿瘤相比P〈0．001；与I期卵巢癌相比P=0．297），其中29例阻力指数〈0．50。结论经阴道超声检查发现卵巢囊性肿物内出现乳头状突起、实性区或密集房隔、房隔增厚时应警惕有可能为交界性肿瘤，如联合多普勒血流频谱检测肿瘤阻力指数〈0．50更有助于术前诊断。     

卵巢恶性肿瘤超声血流指标与微血管密度的相关性研究

目的：探讨卵巢恶性肿瘤组织中彩色多普勒超声血流指标与瘤内微血管密度的相关性及其与临床分期的关系。方法：对32例卵巢恶性肿瘤术前经阴道彩色多普勒超声检查，记录瘤内最大血流速度（PSV），切除卵巢肿瘤组织后采用抗Ⅷ因子相关抗原抗体免疫组化方法检测瘤内微血管密度（IMD），记录肿瘤临床分期，分析PSV与IMD的相关性，两者与肿瘤临床分期的关系。结果：32例肿瘤中Ⅰ期7例，Ⅱ期13例，Ⅲ期9例，Ⅳ期3例；PSV与IMD间有显著相关（r=0.344,p＜0．05），临床Ⅲ-Ⅳ的PSV与IMD较Ⅰ-Ⅱ期者高。结论：卵巢恶性肿瘤内最大血流速度与微血管密度间存在相关有，有一定的临床意义。     

Benign or malignant ovarian neoplasms and ovarian endometriomas

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To investigate clinical features and biologic behavior of ovarian cancer that might be closely related to endometrioma and/or endometriosis. DESIGN: Retrospective study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). SETTING: University hospital. PATIENTS: All 324 women who were operated for endometriomas and/or ovarian tumors 5 cm or greater in diameter between January 1988 and December 1997. INTERVENTION: One hundred twelve women underwent laparoscopic surgery and 212 had laparotomy. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: All tissues were evaluated histologically. Clinical examinations including ultrasound and serum tumor makers were performed in all patients preoperatively. No malignancies were found at laparoscopic surgery (76 endometriomas, 36 ovarian tumors). The frequency of endometriosis in benign, borderline malignant, and malignant tumors was 9.7%, 12.5%, and 11.4%, respectively. Endometriosis was present most frequently (40%) in women with endometrioid adenocarcinoma. It was present in 81 patients with endometriomas and 25 with ovarian neoplasms. Of these, nine women (8.5%) had malignant tumors, including borderline malignancy. Among patients with malignant tumors, those without endometriosis were significantly older (mean +/- SD age 54.9 +/- 16.2 yrs) than those with endometriosis elsewhere in the pelvis (45.9 +/- 8.9 yrs). CONCLUSION: Endometriosis may be closely related to ovarian tumors such as endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Surgeons should be aware of this possibility, and candidates for laparoscopic surgery should be carefully selected based on preoperative evaluations.     

Malignant transformation of ovarian endometriosis

One hundred forty-seven cases of ovarian endometriosis, encountered from 1976 to 1999 at Tsukuba University Hospital, were studied to clarify the incidence of malignant transformation. There were 18 cases (12.2%) of atypical endometriosis, among which we found a case (5.6%) of ovarian cancer arising from endometriosis not diagnosed before surgery. This is accounted for 0.7% of all ovarian endometriosis cases. Because the incidence was equal to that of the previous reports, it is most likely that the malignant change in ovarian endometriosis occurred in 0.7% of this disease.     

Epithelial abnormalities in cystic ovarian endometriosis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of epithelial abnormalities in cystic ovarian endometriosis. METHODS: In this observational study, the specimens of 388 consecutive patients undergoing a surgical procedure whose final diagnosis included cystic ovarian endometriosis were histopathologically reviewed. The prevalence and patient characteristics of cases featuring epithelial metaplasia, hyperplasia, atypia, and endometrioid carcinoma arising in endometriosis were analyzed. RESULTS: The epithelial lining was evaluable in 339 cases. Left-sided cysts were significantly more common than right-sided ones (P < 0.0001). The observed prevalence was 12.1% for metaplasia, 9.4% for hyperplasia, 5.9% for atypia, and 4.1% for endometrioid carcinoma arising in endometriosis. Complex hyperplasia, but not simple hyperplasia or metaplasia, was significantly more common in cases with associated endometrioid carcinoma than in all other cases (P < 0.00001). A statistically significant trend for increasing age from normal epithelium to carcinoma was observed (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Epithelial abnormalities are a common finding in cystic ovarian endometriosis. Despite their clinical significance being still debated, complex hyperplasia and atypia can be associated with malignant transformation of endometriosis. Their observation in a surgical specimen, particularly in older patients, should indicate a careful examination of the entire lining of the cyst and a strict follow-up of the patient.     

卵巢上皮性癌合并卵巢子宫内膜异位症67例临床病理分析

目的 探讨合并卵巢子宫内膜异位症(内异症)的卵巢上皮性癌(卵巢癌)的临床病理特点.方法 选取1996年1月至2006年12月在复旦大学附属妇产科医院就诊并经手术确诊的卵巢癌共727例,对其中合并卵巢内异症的67例患者(其中由卵巢内异症恶变的卵巢癌患者34例,为A组;其他仅合并卵巢内异症的卵巢癌患者33例,为B组)的临床病理资料进行回顾性分析,并与660例未合并卵巢内异症的卵巢癌患者(C组)进行对照分析.同期本院经手术病理确诊的卵巢内异症患者共3890例.结果 卵巢内异症恶变为卵巢癌的发生率为0.87%(34/3890).卵巢癌合并卵巢内异症的发生率为9.2%(67/727).A、B、C组患者的平均年龄分别为(47.2±1.3)、(47.8±1.2)、(51.2±0.4)岁,3组问比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.013).A、B组病理类型多为透明细胞癌(分别为67.6%、69.7%),其所占比例均明显高于C组的18.8%(P=0.000);而C组以浆液性腺癌(50.3%)为主,其所占比例明显高于A组的8.8%和B组的12.1%(P=0.000).A、B组手术病理分期多为Ⅰ期(分别为73.5%、63.6%),其所占比例均明显高于C组的31.4%(P=0.000);而C组多为Ⅲ期(47.7%),其所占比例明显高于A组的23.5%和B组的15.2%(P=0.001).A、B、C组高分化(分别为11.8%、6.1%、10.5%)、中～低分化(分别为88.2%、93.9%、89.5%)所占比例分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P=0.602).A、B、C组雌激素受体(ER)阳性率分别为22.2%(6/27)、31.6%(6/19)、43.9%(136/310),3组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.018);A、B、C组孕激素受体(PR)阳性率分别为22.2%(6/27)、15.8%(3/19)、35.5%(110/310),3组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.082).患者总的5年累积生存率为55.6%,A、B、C组患者的5年累积生存率分别为78.9%、92.8%、51.9%,3组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000).结论 合并卵巢内异症的卵巢癌患者,具有年轻(尤其是内异症恶变患者)、多为卵巢透明细胞癌、期别早、ER表达水平低、预后好的特点.     

Case study of a pregnant woman with decidualized ovarian endometriosis whose preoperative findings suggested malignant transformation

BACKGROUND: Because both decidualization and malignant transformation of endometriosis are characterized by mural nodules on the wall of the cyst, the preoperative differential diagnosis is reportedly difficult. CASE: A 31-year-old woman was referred to our hospital at ten weeks of gestation. Sonographic examination revealed an intrauterine gestational sac and ovarian endometrial cyst. At 21 weeks of gestation, characteristic findings associated with malignant transformation of ovarian endometriosis were seen on color-flow Doppler sonography and contrast magnetic resonance imaging. Under the diagnosis of malignant transformation of ovarian endometriosis, right salpingo-oophorectomy was performed at 22 weeks' gestation. However, histopathologic examination revealed ovarian endometriosis with marked decidual changes but no evidence of malignancy. CONCLUSION: During pregnancy, intracystic vascularized excrescences of an endometrial cyst indicate not only malignant transformation but also decidualization. Thus, the preoperative differential diagnosis is reportedly difficult. However, the present findings of decidualization on magnetic resonance imaging seemed to be slightly different from those of malignant transformation, and therefore, might help distinguish decidualized endometriosis from malignant transformation preoperatively.     

子宫切除术后不同病理类型盆腔包块56例临床特点及诊疗分析#br#

目的分析子宫切除术后不同病理类型盆腔包块的临床特点及诊疗方案。方法回顾分析2017年1月至2021年6月因良性疾病行子宫切除后发现盆腔包块,于首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院就诊行手术的56例患者临床资料。结果子宫切除术后盆腔包块最常见病例类型为盆腔炎症性疾病39.3%(22/56),其次为卵巢良性肿瘤19.6%(11/56)、卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿16.1%(9/56),卵巢输卵管瘤样病变12.5%(7/56),卵巢输卵管恶性肿瘤8.9%(5/56)。盆腔炎症性疾病及卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿患者发病时间距离子宫切除后年限及发病年龄低于其他组(P<0.05)。盆腔炎性疾病组盆腹腔手术次数多于其他组(P<0.05)。随着子宫切除术后间隔延长,卵巢良恶性肿瘤比例增加。结论子宫切除术后盆腔包块病理类型多样,以良性为主,术后5年以上出现的盆腔包块,多为卵巢肿瘤,建议尽早手术。     

Prognosis of Japanese patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma associated with pelvic endometriosis: clinicopathologic evaluation

OBJECTIVE: Ovarian clear cell carcinoma is commonly associated with pelvic endometriosis. We retrospectively evaluated clinicopathological data on the association between ovarian clear cell carcinoma and pelvic endometriosis. METHODS: Between 1984 and 1995, we evaluated clinicopathological data on 53 Japanese patients with primary ovarian clear cell carcinoma who had been initially treated at Keio University Hospital. The clinical backgrounds and 5-year survival rates were evaluated. RESULTS: Twenty (37.7%) of the 53 patients had carcinoma accompanied by pelvic endometriosis. These 20 cases were classified as FIGO stage I (n = 13, 65%), stage II (n = 1, 5%), stage III (n = 6, 30%), or stage IV (n = 0). The other 33 cases of ovarian clear cell carcinoma had no evidence of association with endometriosis and were classified as stage I (n = 19, 57.6%), stage II (n = 2, 6.1%), stage III (n = 9, 27.2%), or stage IV (n = 3, 9.1%). The incidence of a positive intraperitoneal cytology in stage Ic was significantly less in the group with endometriosis than in that without the endometriosis (n = 1, 14.3% vs n = 9, 64.3%, P = 0.03). The 5-year survival rate of stage I patients was significantly greater in ovarian clear cell carcinoma with pelvic endometriosis (100%) than in that without it (60%, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Patients having ovarian clear cell carcinoma with pelvic endometriosis exhibited a better prognosis than those without endometriosis, especially those patients with stage I cancer.     

Malignant transformation of ovarian mature cystic teratoma

There have been few studies concerning the clinical pathology of malignant transformation arising in ovarian mature cystic teratoma (MCT). Thus, the objective of this study is to determine clinicopathologic factors affecting survival in this rare tumor. From November 1992 to December 2002, 11 patients with malignant transformation arising in ovarian MCT were treated at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Chonnam National University Hospital. Demographic characteristics, symptoms, signs, stage, mode of therapy, and results of follow-up were reviewed retrospectively. There were 11 cases of the malignant transformation of ovarian MCT out of 637 cases of MCT (1.7%). The average age was 50.6 years. Histologically, 7 out of the 11 cases were squamous cell carcinoma (63.7%). There were no specific clinical symptoms, but palpable abdominal mass was the most frequent complaint (five cases, 45.4%). As for the stage of disease, eight cases were in stage IA (72.7%), and the other three cases were in stage IC, IIB, and IIC, respectively. All the patients had surgery, and seven of them had adjuvant chemotherapy and two had adjuvant chemoradiation. All the patients in stage I survived until the period of follow-up, and their average survival time was 31.8 months. One patient in stage IIC died of intestinal obstruction within 9 months from the surgery. The mechanism of the malignant transformation arising in ovarian MCT is not clear, but considering the fact that 80% of MCTs are diagnosed during the reproductive age, malignant transformation seems to be related to the long-term presence of nonremoved MCT in the abdomen. Accordingly, it is considered helpful for preventing and early detection of the malignant transformation to have regular ovary examination through pelvic ultrasonogram during the reproductive age.