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1.
目的了解衡阳地区非淋菌性尿道炎患者沙眼衣原体(CT)、解脲脲原体(Uu)和人型支原体(Mh)感染情况压支原体药物敏感性,为临床治疗提供参考依据。方法沙眼衣原体的检测采用PCR法,支原体压药敏试验采用本室研制的支原体分离、鉴定、药敏试剂盒。结果631例非淋菌性尿道炎(NGU)患者几种病原体的感染率分别为CT20.9%.Uu38.7%,Mh5.1%,CT+Uu5.4%,CT+Mh1.7%,Uu+Mh4.0%,CT+Uu+Mh1.4%。Uu和Mh对9种抗生素敏感性最高的是克拉霉素,其次分别是交沙霉素和司帕沙星,耐药性最高的是罗红霉素,其次是氧氟沙星。结论CT和Uu是非淋菌性尿道炎的重要病原体,建议本地区支原体感染应首选克拉霉素进行抗感染治疗。  相似文献   

2.
目的探讨女性非淋菌性阴道炎患者生殖道衣原体、支原体感染状况及支原体对抗生素的敏感性。方法用金标法检测衣原体;用支原体培养药敏试剂盒对生殖道标本进行型别鉴定及12种抗生素敏感试验。结果968例标本检出单纯解脲支原体(Uu)阳性415例(42.9%),显著高于人型支原体(Mh)阳性44例(4.5%)及Uu、Mh混合感染阳性186例(19.2%);同时检出单纯沙眼衣原体(CT)阳性65例(6.7%),CT、Uu阳性22例(2.3%),CT、Mh阳性7例(0.7%),CT、Uu、Mh阳性12例(1.2%)。药敏结果显示:415例uu对12种抗生素敏感率在80%以上的有交沙霉素(91.6%)、美满霉素(87.2%)、克拉霉素(86.3%)及强力霉素(80.7%)。Mh及Uu、Mh混合感染患者对抗生素的敏感性普遍降低,但强力霉素、美满霉素、交沙霉素具有较强的体外抗菌活性。结论支原体对各种抗生素已产生一定的耐药性。  相似文献   

3.
魏丽 《临床医学》2009,29(11):71-72
目的了解解脲脲泉原体(Uu)和人型支原体(Mh)感染状况及耐药性变化,为临床合理使用抗生素提供科学依据。方法采用支原体培养鉴定及药敏试剂盒,对660例女性宫颈分泌物进行培养鉴定及药敏试验结果支原体感染阳性508例(阳性率76.9%),其中Uu单纯感染374例(阳性率56.7%);Mh单纯感染4例(阳性率0.6%);Uu和Mh混合感染130例(阳性率20%)。药敏结果显示,美满霉素、强力霉素、交沙霉素对两种支原体敏感性最高,Uu分别为90%、87.2%、80.2%;Uu+Mh分别为78.5%、75.4%、70.8%;4例单纯Mh阳性者对罗红霉素与阿奇霉素全部耐药,对美满霉素、强力霉素无一例耐药、结论美满霉素、强力霉素、交沙霉素作为目前治疗生殖道感染的首选药物,临床诊治前应尽可能进行支原体培养及药敏试验,以合理规范用药。  相似文献   

4.
目的了解本地区女性生殖道感染及解脲支原体(Uu)、人型支原体(Mh)、Uu与Mh(Uu十Mh)混合感染及药敏情况,以指导临床合理用药。方法采用支原体培养、鉴定、药敏一体化检测试剂对520例宫颈分泌物进行支原体培养和药敏试验。结果520例宫颈分泌物标本检出支原体251例,检出率48%。Uu最敏感药物为强力霉素、美满霉素,敏感率均为100%。其次是交沙霉素(95.2%),克拉霉素(94.8%),司帕沙星(90.5%),Mh最敏感药物强力霉素(100%),其次是美满霉素(98%),交沙霉素(96%),对Uu+Mh混合感染最敏感的药物是强力霉素(100%),其次是美满霉素(90.5%),交沙霉素(74.3%)。结论uu单独感染对药物敏感率较高,Mh与Uu+Mh混合感染药物敏感率较低,双牌地区妇女支原体感染对强力霉素、美满霉素敏感率较高,对阿奇霉素、罗红霉素等敏感率较低,无条件做药敏试验时,临床首选强力霉素、美满霉素敏感性高的药物。  相似文献   

5.
目的:探讨女性生殖道炎症患者支原体、衣原体感染及药敏情况。方法:沙眼衣原体检测采用英国Uni—path公司免疫层析法,支原体采用珠海益民生物工程制品厂产的培养、药敏一体化试剂盒检测。结果:526例生殖道炎症患者检测出217例支原体、衣原体阳性,支原体、衣原体总感染率为41.17%。其中解脲支原体(Uu)147例(27.95%),人型支原体(Mh)8例(1.52%).沙眼衣原体(CT)27例(5.13%),解脲支原体与人型支原体(Uu+Mh)18例(3.42%),解脲支原体与沙眼衣原体(Uu+CT)10例(1.90%),人型支原体与沙眼衣原体(Mh+CT)5例(0.95%),解脲支原体与人型支原体和沙眼衣原体(Uu+Mh+CT)2例(0.38%)。147株解脲支原体(Uu)对强力霉素、交沙霉素、美满霉素较为敏感,敏感率最低的是四环素、乙酰螺旋霉素和红霉素。结论:女性生殖道炎症Uu感染率有上升的迹象,耐药菌株也在不断增加,进行支原体药敏检测,可为临床医生治疗提供参考依据。  相似文献   

6.
女性泌尿生殖道支原体感染160例药敏试验分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的:了解女性泌尿生殖道支原体对抗生素的耐药情况。方法:使用珠海丽拓公司支原体试剂检测。结果:160例支原体感染中检出144例解脲脲原体(Uu),16例解脲脲原体(Uu)和人型支原体(Mh)混合感染。药敏结果显示:Uu对强力霉素的耐药率为2.1%;Uu和Mh混合感染对美满霉素的耐药率为4.0%。结论:女性泌尿生殖道感染主要是解脲脲原体(Uu),其次为人型支原体(Mh),解脲脲原体(Uu)对强力霉素的耐药率最低,解脲脲原体(Uu)和人型支原体(Mh)混合感染对美满霉素的耐药率最低。  相似文献   

7.
目的研究泌尿生殖道感染患者标本中支原体阳性率及支原体对抗生素的耐药性。方法采用支原体培养及药敏试剂盒,对641例泌尿生殖道标本进行支原体分离培养、鉴定和抗生素敏感性检测。结果641例标本中支原体总阳性率为40.9%。其中解脲脲原体(Uu)、人型支原体(Mh)、解脲脲原体和人型支原体混合感染(Uu+Mh)阳性率分别为30.1%、1.9%、8.9%。女性支原体阳性率明显高于男性。药敏结果显示,交沙霉素、克拉霉素、罗红霉素对Uu耐药率低,分别为0.5%、3.1%、4.1%;交沙霉素、强力霉素、美满霉素对Mh、Uu+Mh耐药率均较低。结论泌尿生殖道感染患者中支原体是重要病原体。监测支原体的耐药性对指导临床治疗具有重要意义,交沙霉素可作为治疗支原体感染的首选药物。  相似文献   

8.
目的了解医院泌尿生殖系统炎性患者中解脲支原体(Uu)和人形支原体(Mh)的分离情况及其对抗菌药物的敏感性。方法采用法国生物梅里埃公司的Mycoplasma IST试剂盒对非淋病性尿道炎(NGU)患者泌尿生殖道标本进行支原体分离培养及药敏检测。结果248例NGU患者中检出支原体142例,阳性率为57.26%。其中男性标本阳性率为44.00%,女性为60.61%,男、女阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(x^2=4.50,P〈0.05)。142例阳性标本中Uu+Mh混合感染阳性102例(71.83%),单纯Uu阳性38例(26.76%)及单纯Mh阳性2例(1.41%)。女性感染者中Uu+Mh混合感染比例为75.00%,男性54.55%,男、女Uu+Mh混合感染阳性率差异有统计学意义(x^2=3.85,P〈0.05)。药敏显示Uu+Mh混合感染的耐药率总体上明显高于单纯Uu;单纯Uu感染对强力霉素、克拉霉素和交沙霉素最为敏感;Uu+Mh混合感染对强力霉素、交沙霉素和原始霉素较敏感。结论Uu+Mh混合感染阳性率较高,对抗生素的耐药率也更高,应引起临床医生重视,根据药敏试验结果合理选用抗生素。  相似文献   

9.
目的观察296例泌尿生殖道支原体感染情况,分析其对抗生素的耐药性,为临床合理使用抗生素提供依据。方法采用培养法检测支原体及其药物敏感试验。结果296例疑似非淋菌性尿道炎(NGU)患者中检出支原体阳性152例,阳性率为52.4%,其中解脲支原体(Uu)阳性率为50.7%(150例),人型支原体(Mh)阳性率为0.7%(2例),Uu+Mh混合感染率为5.7%(17例),药敏结果显示,强力霉素、交沙霉素、美满霉素敏感性最高;大观霉素、林可霉素、甲砜霉素、司帕沙星敏感性最低。结论泌尿生殖道感染主要以Uu发病率最高,且耐药株在不断增加,治疗支原体感染应根据药敏结果合理使用抗生素。  相似文献   

10.
632例泌尿生殖道支原体的检测及药敏分析   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
目的研究泌尿生殖道感染患者支原体检测情况及耐药状况。方法应用支原体培养鉴定药敏试剂盒对泌尿生殖道感染者的标本做体外支原体培养鉴定和药敏试验。结果632例患者共检出支原体感染285例,其中解脲脲原体(Uu)阳性200例(31.65%),显著高于人型支原体(Mh)感染(33例,占5.22%)及Uu+Mh混合感染(52例,占8.23%)(P〈O.01);单纯Uu感染药敏试验耐药率较低的4种抗生素分别是交沙霉素、强力霉素、原始霉素及克拉霉素,其耐药率分别为2,00%、2.50%、4.00%及13.00%,对氧氟沙星及环丙沙星耐药率最高,分别达到70.50%及69.50%,而Mh及Uu+Mh混合感染耐药率明显高于单纯Uu感染者。结论泌尿生殖道支原体检测及耐药性监测,对于指导临床治疗,控制耐药菌株的产生具有重要意义。  相似文献   

11.
It is remarkable that migraine is a prominent part of the phenotype of several genetic vasculopathies, including cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leucoencephalopathy (CADASIL), retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukodystrophy (RVCL) and hereditary infantile hemiparessis, retinal arteriolar tortuosity and leukoencephalopahty (HIHRATL). The mechanisms by which these genetic vasculopathies give rise to migraine are still unclear. Common genetic susceptibility, increased susceptibility to cortical spreading depression (CSD) and vascular endothelial dysfunction are among the possible explanations. The relation between migraine and acquired vasculopathies such as ischaemic stroke and coronary heart disease has long been established, further supporting a role of the (cerebral) blood vessels in migraine. This review focuses on genetic and acquired vasculopathies associated with migraine. We speculate how genetic and acquired vascular mechanisms might be involved in migraine.  相似文献   

12.
Fibrinogen and fibrin structure and functions   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
Fibrinogen molecules are comprised of two sets of disulfide-bridged Aalpha-, Bbeta-, and gamma-chains. Each molecule contains two outer D domains connected to a central E domain by a coiled-coil segment. Fibrin is formed after thrombin cleavage of fibrinopeptide A (FPA) from fibrinogen Aalpha-chains, thus initiating fibrin polymerization. Double-stranded fibrils form through end-to-middle domain (D:E) associations, and concomitant lateral fibril associations and branching create a clot network. Fibrin assembly facilitates intermolecular antiparallel C-terminal alignment of gamma-chain pairs, which are then covalently 'cross-linked' by factor XIII ('plasma protransglutaminase') or XIIIa to form 'gamma-dimers'. In addition to its primary role of providing scaffolding for the intravascular thrombus and also accounting for important clot viscoelastic properties, fibrin(ogen) participates in other biologic functions involving unique binding sites, some of which become exposed as a consequence of fibrin formation. This review provides details about fibrinogen and fibrin structure, and correlates this information with biological functions that include: (i) suppression of plasma factor XIII-mediated cross-linking activity in blood by binding the factor XIII A2B2 complex. (ii) Non-substrate thrombin binding to fibrin, termed antithrombin I (AT-I), which down-regulates thrombin generation in clotting blood. (iii) Tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA)-stimulated plasminogen activation by fibrin that results from formation of a ternary tPA-plasminogen-fibrin complex. Binding of inhibitors such as alpha2-antiplasmin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-2, lipoprotein(a), or histidine-rich glycoprotein, impairs plasminogen activation. (iv) Enhanced interactions with the extracellular matrix by binding of fibronectin to fibrin(ogen). (v) Molecular and cellular interactions of fibrin beta15-42. This sequence binds to heparin and mediates platelet and endothelial cell spreading, fibroblast proliferation, and capillary tube formation. Interactions between beta15-42 and vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin, an endothelial cell receptor, also promote capillary tube formation and angiogenesis. These activities are enhanced by binding of growth factors like fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and cytokines like interleukin (IL)-1. (vi) Fibrinogen binding to the platelet alpha(IIb)beta3 receptor, which is important for incorporating platelets into a developing thrombus. (vii) Leukocyte binding to fibrin(ogen) via integrin alpha(M)beta2 (Mac-1), which is a high affinity receptor on stimulated monocytes and neutrophils.  相似文献   

13.
Summary. Telemedicine and teleradiology hold the key for improving future health care delivery. In this paper we first review current communication and computer technologies used in telemedicine and teleradiology. Five examples in teleradiology applications are given including hospital-integrated picture archiving and communication systems, tele-neuro-imaging, telemammography, university consortium teleradiology service, and teleradiology for second opinion. Parameters important to teleradiology applications like costs, image quality, system reliability, and turn around time are considered. Data security is discussed, including patient confidentiality and image authenticity-which will be a major issue in future teleradiology applications.  相似文献   

14.
本文详细介绍了创伤后血糖应激适度理论,以及高血糖与感染和多器官功能不全综合征的关系;提出涉及胰岛B细胞功能不全的MODS实验诊断新方案和极化液个体化干预新措施,可早期发现创伤MODS、降低感染率及MODS发生率和病死率。  相似文献   

15.
目的:探讨腹膜后纤维化(RPF)导致肾积水的原因及诊治经验。方法:回顾分析2004年1月—2010年12月24例腹膜后纤维化致肾积水患者的诊治资料。结果:(1)RPF患者常见首发症状为腰背痛或腹痛(69.2%);(2)红细胞沉降率(ESR)增快和血清IgG4升高最常见。超声检查仅提示上尿路积水。RPF的静脉肾盂造影(IVP)和CT尿路成像(CTU)表现具有特征性。IVP肾盂输尿管显影不良时,CTU能较清晰的显示上尿路影像。CT扫描发现腹膜后软组织肿块9例(37.5%),优于超声检查;(3)输尿管松解和腹腔化手术治疗22例;行肾切除术1例;行输尿管置双J管术1例。最终确诊为继发性RPF8例,其中4例为术前诊断,3例为术中腹膜后软组织肿块冷冻活检证实,1例为术后病理证实;(4)特发性RPF手术后肾积水均获长期缓解,而继发性RPF的预后取决于原发疾病及其治疗方案。结论:影像学检查是诊断RPF的重要手段,CTU优于超声检查和IVP。输尿管松解和腹腔化手术可以使特发性RPF输尿管梗阻得到长期的缓解,术中对肿块进行冷冻活检有助于鉴别特发性和继发性RPF,及时调整治疗方案。  相似文献   

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17.
目的探讨儿童慢性顽固性咳嗽与肺炎支原体(MP)感染的关系及临床疗效观察。方法采用回顾性研究方法对于现将2005年3月至2008年3月在我院的55例确诊慢性顽固性咳嗽患儿,主要表现为肺炎支原体感染为临床特点进行分析,并进一步临床治疗研究。结果①临床特点:在55例确诊慢性咳嗽的患儿中,以慢性顽固性咳嗽为主要症状。58%(32/55)的病例无肺部体征;②外周血:85%(47/55)的病例外周血变化不大,WBC(4—10)×10 9/L之间,嗜酸性粒细胞增多;③特别检查:47.27%(26/55)肺炎支原体IgM(MP—IgM)抗体阳性,83.64%(46/55)PeR技术检测肺炎支原体特异性DNA;④X光报告为多种形式。结论肺炎支原体(MP)感染是引起儿童慢性顽固性咳嗽的病因之一,对儿童慢性咳嗽,特别是顽固性咳嗽的诊治中应更加重视。  相似文献   

18.
Abstract

Acetylcysteine has been utilized successfully in the treatment of acetaminophen overdose since the 1970s. Although prospective trials as to efficacy and safety of acetylcysteine were conducted, there were no randomized controlled trials. This commentary addresses the reasons for this, and the background to choice of dose of acetylcysteine utilized in the oral and IV dosing regimens. Nomograms to predict possible hepatotoxicity based upon time of ingestion of acetaminophen were developed from a relatively arbitrary definition of toxicity as an aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase (ALT/AST) greater than 1000 IU/L. While these have proved generally useful, patients still continue to develop hepatic damage after acetaminophen overdose, particularly if they present late after ingestion. The optimum management of these patients remains unclear, and one area of uncertainty is the dose and duration of acetylcysteine in various circumstances. This article discusses the issues that need to be elucidated to better target changes in acetylcysteine dose. The potential for measurements of other markers to improve treatment selection is the subject of further research.  相似文献   

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20.
目的探讨肿瘤标志物血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)在良、恶性嗜铬细胞瘤组织中的表达,分析其可能的临床价值及病理学意义,为临床鉴别良、恶性嗜铬细胞瘤提供辅助依据。方法应用免疫组化(SP法)检测16例恶性嗜铬细胞瘤、18例良性嗜铬细胞瘤及17例正常肾上腺髓质组织中细胞因子VEGF和NSE表达情况,显微镜下判断组织切片的染色结果。结果①恶性嗜铬细胞瘤VEGF表达明显强于正常肾上腺髓质和良性嗜铬细胞瘤(P〈0.01)。良性肿瘤和正常肾上腺髓质的VEGF表达差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。恶性嗜铬细胞瘤强阳性率明显高于良性嗜铬细胞瘤(P〈0.01)。②良、恶性嗜铬细胞瘤NSE表达差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05),良性嗜铬细胞瘤NSE的表达高于正常肾上腺髓质的NSE表达(P〈0.05)。恶性嗜铬细胞瘤强阳性率高于良性嗜铬细胞瘤(P〈0.05)。③VEGF和NSE共同阳性表达在良、恶性嗜铬细胞瘤之间差异有统计学意义(P=〈0.01)。结论临床上检测VEGF和NSE可能为鉴别良、恶性嗜铬细胞瘤提供辅助依据,共同检测VEGF和NSE可能提高良、恶性嗜铬细胞瘤鉴别的敏感性。  相似文献   

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