Detecting katG Drug Resistant Genetic Mutation among pneumoconiosis patients complicated with tuberculosis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis L-forms by PCR-SSCP

Objective：To study the relationship between mutation in the katG gene and drug resistance of INH in Mycobacterium tuberculosis L-forms among patients of pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis, and to explore the clinical application of PCR-SSCP. Methods： A total of 52 clinical isolated strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis L-forms were collected. Mutation in the katG genes was detected by PCR-SSCP and traditional antimicrobial susceptibility test （AST）. Results： The results by AST showed that there were 40 persisters in 52 clinical isolated strains. The drug resistant rate was 76.92%（40/52）, and the gene mutation rate of katG was 57.70%（30/52）by PCR-SSCP, the difference was no quite significance （X^2 = 2.8507, P 〉 0.05）. The coincidence rate of two methods was 75.00% （30/40）. Conclusion： The detectionrate of katG resistant strains in Mycobacterium tuberculosis L-forms was high by PCR-SSCP. The combined application of PCR-SSCP and traditional antimicrobial susceptibility test can improve the detecting rate.     

Detecting drug resistant genetic mutation among pneumoconiosis patients complicated with tuberculosis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis L-forms application of PCR-SSCP technique in Huainan mining district

Objective： To study the relationship between drug resistant genetic mutation and drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis L-form, discuss the internal relationship between drug resistances and drug-resistant related genes and explore the value of PCR- SSCP to clinical application. Methods： A total of 52 clinically isolated strains of tuberculosis L-form were collected among 97 pneumoconiosis patients complicated with tuberculosis. The gene mutations of katG, rpoB and rpsL were detected by PCR-SSCP, and the results were compared with those analyzed by traditional antimicrobial susceptibility test（AST）. Results： The gene muta- tion rates of katG, rpoB and rpsL by PCR-SSCP were respectively 57.70% （30/52）, 65.38% （32/52） and 40.38% （21/52）. The rate of reversion was 78.85%（41/52） and the result of drag-resistant genes was invariable. The results of AST showed that there were 40 （76.92%） multi-drug resistant strains in 52 clinically isolated strains. The number for three-drug resistant strain was 21 （40.38%） and that of two-drug resistant was 19（36.54%）, but only 12（23.08%） strains were one drug resistant. The rate of total drug-resistance was 100%, but there were 15 strains of allied mutation of three genes, 16 of two mutations and 6 of only one by PCR-SSCP. The coincidences were respectively 71.43%, 84.12% and 50.00%. Then there was no significant difference between the allied mutations of multi-drug resistant gene and the mutations of only one drug resistant gene （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： PCR-SSCP technique has a higher sensibility and specificity to detect the genes of katG, rpoB and rpsL in tuberculosis L-form among pneumoconiosis complicated with tuberculosis,and the detecting rate of two drug resistant strains and three drug resistant strains was higher. The combined application of PCR-SSCP and AST has advantages at earlier diagnosis and guidance of clinical medications.     

PCR-SSCP快速检测耐多药结核分枝杆菌

目的:了解本地区结核病耐药基因突变情况,探讨PCR-SSCP作为新的分子药敏试验方法在临床的应用价值。方法:通过提取耐INH、RFP、SM的肺结核患者痰中结核分枝杆菌DNA,进行PCR-SSCP分析,检测结核分枝杆菌rpoB、katG、rpsL基因是否存在突变,并与传统L-J药敏实验对照。结果:30株耐多药株中,耐RPF、INH、SM基因突变阳性率为90%(27/30)、63%(19/30)、53%(16/30)。3个基因联合突变共8株(26.7%),2个基因联合突变共18株(60%),即26株(86.7%)。单基因突变共2株,2株无基因突变。结论:通过PCR-SSCP方法可检测出绝大部分耐多药结核病的耐药基因,rpoB、katG、rpsL基因突变与本地区结核杆菌对RFP、INH、SM耐药性有关。与传统L-J药敏实验对比,PCR-SSCP是一种敏感、快速的指导临床用药的先进检测方法。     

结核分支杆菌耐药分子机制的检测技术的研究

目的：探讨结核分支杆菌对异烟肼、利福平耐药的分子机制，建立快速检测耐药分支杆菌基因型的分子生物学方法。方法：采用聚合酶链反应一单链构象多态性(PCR—SSCP)同时检测结核分支杆菌敏感株和耐异烟肼、利福平耐药株的KayG基因、rpoB基因突变。结果：78株结核分支杆菌临床分离株均未发现KatG、rpoB基因缺失。以结核分支杆菌H37RV为对照，36株药物敏感株的KarG、rpoB基因SSCP图谱均正常。42株同时耐异烟肼和利福平的多耐药株中，KatG和rpoB基因突变率分别为66．7％(28／42)，90．5％(38／42)。结论：结核分支杆菌耐异烟肼、利福平耐药性的产生是由于KatG基因和rpoB基因突变所致。应用PCR-SSCP技术可同时快速检测结核分支杆菌异烟肼、利福平耐药性。     

结核分支杆菌rpoB基因套式PCR在利福平耐药和结核病辅助诊断中的应用

目的 分析耐利福平的结核分支杆菌(Mtb)rpoB基因突变状况。方法 对38株耐利福平Mtb菌株的rpoB基因突变高频区域进行套式PCR扩增，并进一步全自动测序。结果 38株耐利福平Mtb中有36株存在突变(包含5个密码子11种形式的突变)，突变率94．7％。结论 Mtb xpoB基因的突变与利福平耐药高度关联，rpoB基因套式PCR及测序能快速、正确鉴别耐利福平菌株。     

结核分支杆菌耐利福平耐药基因检测研究

目的评价应用DNA序列分析方法和聚合酶链反应-单链构象多态性(PCR-SSCP)技术检测rPOB基因突变在结核分支杆菌耐利福平(RFP)耐药性测定中的应用价值.方法采用DNA序列分析法和PCR-SSCP法对80株结核分支杆菌临床分离株(其中药物敏感株32株,耐RFP或含耐RFP耐多药株48株)rpoB基因核心区域的突变情况进行检测.结果以结核分支杆菌H37RV为对照,所有32株药物敏感株的rPOB基因均无突变.用DNA序列分析方法检测48株耐药株中44株发生突变,敏感性为91.7%(44/48),其中最常见的突变位点是531位丝氨酸和526位组氨酸.PCR-SSCP检测48株耐RFP分离株中,45株rPOB基因SSCP图谱异常,其敏感性为93.1%(45/48).结论DNA序列分析可指导临床用药,PCR-SSCP可快速检测结核分支杆菌RFP耐药性.     

PCR-SSCP法检测结核分枝杆菌耐药性

目的：探讨耐多药结核分枝杆菌耐药基因突变与耐药性的关系以及聚合酶链反应-单链构象多态性分析(poly merase chain reaction-single strand cinfomlation polymorphism，PCR-SSCP)方法的临床应用价值。方法：用PCR-SSCP方法检测58株结核分枝杆菌临床分离株katG，rpoB，rpsL基因突变并与常规药敏试验检测结果进行对比。结果：经常规药敏试验检测，58株结核分枝杆菌临床分离株中共有41株耐药，其中，耐异烟肼(INH)为35株，高耐药株27株；耐利福平(RFP)为31株，高耐药株24株；耐链霉素(SM)有31株，高耐药株26株。同时耐3种药物的有21株(51．2％)，耐2种药物的14株(34．1％)，单耐药株6株(14．6％)．PCR-SSCP方法对58株临床分离株katG，rpoB，rpsL基因突变的检测率为40％(23／58)，45％(26／58)，38％(22／58)，其中检出3个基因同时突变的有13株(32％)，2种基因突变的12株(29％)，1种基因突变的有10株(23．8％)．常规药敏试验与PCR-SSCP法检出结核分枝杆菌同时耐3种药物的符合率为61．9％(13／21)，检出耐2种药物的符合率为85．70k，(12／14)，检出耐1种药物的符合率为50％(3／6)．高耐药株中突变率为80．5％(62／77)，低耐药株中突变率为60％(12／20)．结论：PCR-SS-CP方法对耐2种以上药物的结核杆菌检出率较高，且耐药基因突变率随着耐药浓度增高而增高。将PCR-SSCP法与药敏试验联合应用可互相弥补，已成为临床指导用药的好方法。     

结核杆菌利福平耐药与rpoB基因突变的相关性研究

目的：分析西安地区耐利福平（RIF）结核杆菌临床分离株rpoB基因突变的特点,探讨快速检测结核杆菌耐RIF基因型的方法．方法：对120株西安地区收集的结核杆菌临床分离株（药敏结果为耐RIF81株,对RIF敏感39株）,分别采用聚合酶链反应一单链构象多态性（PCR-ssce）和等位基因特异性多重聚合酶链反应（MAS—PCR）检测rpoB基因突变情况．结果：PCR—SSCP检测,耐RIF菌株中rpoB基因突变发生率为85％（69／81）,39株敏感株中仅有1株发生突变,突变率为2％（1／39）．MAS—PCR检测,耐RIF菌株中rpoB基因突变发生率为93％（75／81）,39株敏感株中未发现rpoB基因突变;531,516和526位点突变的比例分别为45％（34／75）,24％（18／75）和20％（15／75）．结论：西安地区结核杆菌临床分离株耐RIF与rpoB基因突变相关,MAS-PCR检测rpoB基因可作为临床耐RIF结核杆菌的简单快速准确的早期诊断方法．     

L型结核分枝杆菌rpoB基因突变与利福平耐药性研究

目的：探讨L型结核分枝杆菌rpoB基因突变与利福平耐药性的关系。方法：采用PCR和PCR-DS技术对23例初治肺结核和45例复治肺结核患者L型结核分枝杆菌临床分离株进行rpoB基因检测和序列分析。结果：初治肺结核L型结核分枝杆菌rpoB基因突变率为4.3%,复治肺结核耐L型结核分枝杆菌rpoB基因突变率为40.0%。结论：复治肺结核L型结核分枝杆菌rpoB基因突变率高于初治肺结核,L型菌rpoB基因突变是造成结核分枝杆菌形成利福平耐药性的主要机制。     

耐多药结核分枝杆菌基因突变在耐药性检测中的应用

目的:探讨结核分枝杆菌耐链霉素(SM)和利福平(RFP)的耐药分子机制,应用聚合酶链反应一单链构象多态性(PCR-SSCP)同时检测rpsL基因、rpoB基因突变在结核分枝杆菌耐SM和RFP耐药性测定中的应用价值。方法:采用PCR-SSCP技术对168株结核分枝杆菌临床分离株rpsL基因、rpoB基因突变同时进行检测。即首先用PCR方法同时扩增RFP、SM的rpoB基因和rpsL基因,然后进行SSCP分析。结果:以结核分枝杆菌H37RV为对照,82株药物敏感株的rpsL基因、rpoB基因均未见SSCP图谱异常。特异性为100%。86株同时耐SM和RFP的耐药株中,68株(79.1%)有rpsL基因图谱异常;81株(94.2%)有rpoB基因图谱异常。结论:rpoB基因突变和rpsL基因突变分别是结核分枝杆菌耐RFP和SM的主要分子机制。应用PCR-SSCP技术可同时快速检测结核分枝杆菌SM和RFP耐药性。     

Sequence analysis on drug-resistant rpoB gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis L-form of isolated from pneumoconlosls workers

To study the characteristics of drug-resistant genetic mutation of rpoB on coal workers＇ pneumoconiosis complicated with L-form of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Methods： A total of 42 clinical isolated strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis L-forms were collected, including 31 drug-resistant strains. Their genomes DNA were extracted, the target genes were amplified by PCR, and the hot regions in the rpoB gene were analyzed by automated DNA sequenator. Results： No mutation of rpoB gene was identified in 11 rifampicin-sensitive strains while conformation changes were found in 31 rifampicin-resistant strains. The mutation rate was 93.55% （29/31） in resistant strains, mainly concentrated in codon 531 （51.6%, 16/31） and 526 （32.26%, 10/31）. Base substitutions happened, including 27 unit point mutation and 2 two point mutation. The mutation of codon 516 that new found wasn＇t reported by internal and overseas scholars. Conclusion： The substitution of highly conserved amino acids encoded by rpoB gene results in the molecular mechanism responsible for rifampicin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis L-forms. It also proves that rpoB gene is diversiform.     

Molecular characteristics of rifampin and isoniazid resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from Beijing, China

Background China is one of the high burden countries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis （TB） infection globally, with high incidence and mortality. We studied the molecular characteristics of rifampin （RIF） and isoniazid （INH） resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from Beijing, China, in order to find out the genetic marker for rapid detection of specific drug resistance. Methods Forty pansusceptible and 81 resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from Beijing, China during 2002-2005 were analyzed. The modified rifampin oligonucleotide （RIFO） assay based on reverse line blot hybridization was used to detect mutations in the 81 bp hot-spot region of rpoB gene, which is associated with RIF resistance. The INH resistance associated genes, regulatory region mab-inhA （-15C/T） and structural gene katG S315T were detected by reverse line blot hybridization and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism （RFLP） method respectively. All the strains were typed by spoligotying and the Beijing genotype was further subdivided by NTF locus analysis. The distribution of drug resistance associated mutations in the above genes was compared in these groups. Results Sixty-five （91.5%） of 71 RIF resistant and 52 （92.9%） of 56 multidrug-resistant （MDR, i.e. resistant to at least RIF and INH） strains were found to harbor mutations in the rpoB hot-spot region. No mutation was detected in RIF sensitive strains. The specificity and sensitivity of the modified RIFO assay were 100% and 91.5%, respectively, katG315 AGC〉ACC and inhA-15C〉T mutations were found in 40 （60.6%） and 10 （15.2%） of 66 INH resistant strains, respectively; 7.6% of INH-resistant strains had mutations in both of these genes. Therefore, a combined use of both katG315 and inhA-15 identified 68.2% of INH-resistant strains. The Beijing genotype accounted for 91.7% of total strains and was further subdivided into ＂modern＂ （76.6%） and ＂ancestral＂ （23.4%） group. There is no significant difference between ＂ancestral＂ and ＂modern＂ group in prevalance of drug resistance-associated gene mutations. Conclusions The hot-spot region of rpoB gene can be used as genetic marker for detection of RIF resistant strains; a combined use of both katG315 and inhA-15 can improve the detection rate of I NH resistant strains; the Beijing genotype is prevalent in Beijing, China; the modified RIFO assay can be a practical tool for rapid detection of RIF resistant and MDR isolates in the routine diagnostic work.     

Molecular mechanisms of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates

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结核分支杆菌rpoB基因突变和耐利福平的相关性研究

研究结核分支杆菌ｒｐｏＢ基因突变及其与利福平（ＲＦＰ）耐药性的关系,建立快速检测耐药基因型的分子药敏试验方法。用ＰＣＲ—ＳＳＣＰ分析结核分支杆菌ｒｐｏＢ基因。结果显示ＰＣＲ扩增ｒｐｏＢ基因为属特异性。８１株结核分支杆菌的ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ图谱与Ｈ３７Ｒｖ为对照,３５株敏感菌仅有一株位置有区别;４６株耐药菌有４２株有明显区别;检测阳性率为９１．３％;特异性９７．１％。证明ｒｐｏＢ基因突变是结核分支杆菌耐利福平的主要机理,ＰＣＲ—ＳＳＣＰ可简便快速地检出ｒｐｏＢ基因的突变,有助于结核分支杆菌耐药性的快速检测和研究。     

91株耐利福平结核分枝杆菌的rpoB基因突变分析

目的分析利福平耐药结核菌株rpoB基因突变特点,探讨DNA序列分析在药敏测定中的意义。方法对101株结核分枝杆菌临床分离株rpoB基因的PCR产物进行测序分析,观察其rpoB基因突变的规律。结果 101株临床分离株中,耐利福平91株,经DNA序列分析有85.71%(78/91)菌株存在rpoB基因突变的突变,主要集中在531位(44.87%)和526位(28.21%),未检测到发生缺失或插入碱基突变的菌株,10株敏感株均无突变。结论 rpoB基因核心突变区发生突变是结核分枝杆菌对利福平耐药的主要原因,其中531位丝氨酸和526位组氨酸是最常见的突变位点。     

耐利福平结核分支杆菌rpoB基因突变位点的分析

目的 研究上海地区耐利福平结核分支杆菌ropB基因的突变特点,探讨DNA序列分析在药敏测定中的意义。方法 对58株结核分支杆菌rpoB基因片段（约213bp)进行PCR扩增,其中包括核心突变区的69个碱基,并对PCR产物进行DNA测序。其中耐药株36株,敏感株22株。结果 所有58例中,36株耐药株均存在rpoB基因突变,氨基酸突变率531位为47．2％,526位为25．0％,22株敏感株均无突变。结论 rpoB基因核心突变区发生突变是结核分支杆菌对利福平耐药的主要原因,其中531位丝氨酸和526位组氨酸是最常见的突变位点。     

河南省耐多药结核分枝杆菌利福平耐药基因rpoB的突变特征

目的:分析河南省耐多药(MDR)结核分枝杆菌利福平耐药相关基因rpoB的突变特征。方法:收集150株MDR结核分枝杆菌,应用PCR扩增利福平耐药相关基因rpoB编码区全长并测序,以结核分枝杆菌H37Rv标准株DNA序列为参比序列,分析菌株的突变特征。结果:MDR菌株rpoB基因编码区存在突变者占97.2%(140/144),突变在利福平耐药决定区(RRDR)内者占96.5%(139/144),RRDR内和RRDR外同时存在突变者占99.3%(139/140);突变热点依次为rpoB531、rpoB526和rpoB516。发现未被记录的15个突变位点和4个突变类型,其中rpoB1284位点突变可能是多态性位点,与利福平耐药无关。结论:检测河南地区结核分枝杆菌rpoB基因RRDR内位点的突变可预测MDR结核分枝杆菌的耐药性。     

结核分枝杆菌rpoB基因突变与多重耐药及利福平耐药程度的相关性

目的 研究结核分枝杆菌，rpoB基因突变与多重耐药及利福平耐药程度强弱之间的关系。方法应用绝对浓度法测定58株结核分枝杆菌对4种－线抗结核药物的药敏特性，对耐利福平结核分枝杆菌的耐药谱进行分析。同时对含有核心突变区的结核分枝杆菌，rpoB基因片段进行PCR扩增和DNA测序，分析rpoB基因突变与多重耐药的关系，以及突变位点和突变性质与利福平耐药强弱的相关性。结果58株结核分枝杆菌中，利福平耐药株36株，敏感株22株。36株耐药株均存在，rpoB基因突变，其中88．9％(32／36)至少对利福平和异烟肼同时耐药。90．O％的利福平高度耐药株(18/20)与rpoB基因531位和526位密码子突变相关。密码子531位和526位各有1株双碱基突变，且均为多重耐药株。结论结核分枝杆菌，rpoB基因突变所致的利福平耐药株大部分对异烟肼耐药，因此单独检测rpoB基因突变即可初步筛选多重耐药的结核分枝杆菌；而rpoB基因的突变位点与利福平耐药程度之间具有一定的相关性。     

PCR-SSCP检测耐多药结核菌基因与细菌培养结果对比分析

目的应用PCR-SSCP检测常规及BACTEC培养耐INH、RFP、SM的耐多药结核分枝杆菌临床分离株KatG、rpoB、rpsL基因突变,分析其敏感性和特异性,评价其在检测结核分枝杆菌耐药性方面的价值和临床实用性。方法22株常规培养和8株BACTEC培养检出的高浓度及低浓度耐INH、RFP、SM耐多药结核分枝杆菌分离株,分别用PCR-SSCP检测KatG、rpoB、rpsL基因,观察其电泳条带,并与结核菌标准株H37RV对比。结果22株常规培养耐INH、RFP、SM的耐多药结核分枝杆菌分离株中,KatG、rpoB、rpsLPCR扩增产物,用SSCP分别检出KatG基因16株(72.7%)、rpoB基因19株(86.4%)和rpsL基因14株(63.6%)。8株BACTEC培养耐INH、RFP、SM的耐多药结核分枝杆菌分离株中分别检出KatG基因5株(62.5%),rpoB基因6株(75%)、rpsL基因5株(62.5%)。综合两者KatG、rpoB和rpsL基因检出率分别为70.0%(21/30)、83.3%(25/30)和63.3%(19/30)。高浓度耐药与低浓度耐药分离株中的检出率有显著差异(P<0.05),常规培养与BACTEC培养分离株中的检出率无显著差异(P>0.05),与结核菌标准株H37RV电泳条带对比,特异性为100%,敏感性97%。结论PCR-SSCP敏感、特异,可快速检测结核分枝杆菌的KatG、rpoB和rpsL基因,可用于耐多药结核分枝杆菌的临床检测。     

临床肺结核治疗中耐药性分析及对策

目的:了解从分离自肺结核患者的结核分枝杆菌耐药基因突变率及耐药情况,以利抗结核治疗中药物的合理选用。方法:对痰涂片阳性的新发初治和复治肺结核患者进行痰结核分枝杆菌培养,阳性菌株采用高、低两种药物浓度,四种抗结核药物耐药性测试,同时用实时PCR法对结核分枝杆菌的耐药基因和突变进行检测。结果:127例痰培养阳性菌株总耐药率为14.2%,其中初治耐药率8.1%,复治耐药率35.7%,对四种抗结核药物的耐药率依次为异烟肼8.7%,利福平2.4%,链霉素2.4%,乙胺丁醇0.8%。耐药基因检测结果,在初治组中rpoB和katG的突变率为12.1%(12/99)和10.1%(10/99);复治组中rpoB和katG的突变率为32.1%(9/28)和21.4%(6/28)。结论:分离自肺结核患者的结核分枝杆菌在初始治疗时已存在耐药性,而药物治疗有可能使其耐药性增加。结果表明抗结核治疗前及在治疗过程中对结核分枝杆菌进行耐药性及耐药基因检测对指导临床抗结核治疗很有实际意义。