环核苷酸及[Ca^2＋]i介导β—内啡肽刺激大鼠巨噬细胞IL—1的分泌

本实验初步观察β－Ｅ刺激ＩＬ－１分泌的第二信使，培养的在鼠腹腔巨噬细胞，分别加入β－ＥＰ（１）组、β－ＥＰ＋ＮＬＸ（２）组、β－ＥＰ＋ｆｏｒｓｋｏｌｉｎ（３）组、β－ＥＰ＋亚甲兰（４）组、β－ＥＰ＋尼凡地平（５）组、β－ＥＰ＋ｆｏｒｓｋｌｉｎ＋亚甲兰＋尼凡地平（６）组、主理盐水（７）组。２４ｈ后收集后巨噬细胞及上清液检测有关指标，发现：第１组细胞内ｃＡＮＭＰ显著降低，ＣＧＭＰ、「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｉ明显     

β—内啡肽对正常人红细胞免疫功能的调控实验研究

以健康人红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环率为指标，观察不同浓度β－内啡肽对红细胞免疫功能影响。结果发现，低浓度时对红细胞免疫功能起保进作用，高浓度时则起抑制作用。加入一定浓度的纳洛酮后可以阻断β－内啡肽的作用，并对其机理及意义进行了讨论。     

失血性休克早期β—EP对IL—1分泌的影响

观察β－ＥＰ对失血性休克早期ＩＬ－１活性升高的影响。结果表明，３０％失血早期大鼠血浆β－ＥＰ与ＩＬ－１均明显升高，前者先于后者；给失血大鼠静不β－ＥＰ抗血清，该大鼠血浆ＩＬ－１活性较失血前尽管仍然升高，但却显著低于失血对照组。将不同剂量的β－ＥＰ静注给正常大鼠或与巨噬细胞共同培养，血浆及上清液均呈ＩＬ－１活性，且与β－ＥＰ有量效关系，β－ＥＰ与ＬＰＳ联合刺激高于两者的单独作用。     

TGF—β1对CD4^—CD8^—胸腺淋巴细胞的影响

TGF—β_1是一种对多种细胞的增殖与分化具有重要作用的多肽,它能通过抑制细胞的增殖而发挥调节免疫作用,其机理目前尚不清楚。本文研究 TGF—β_1对 DN 细胞 IL-2R 表达及其细胞增殖的影响,结果发现 TGF—β_1能增加 DN 细胞 IL—2R 的表达和抑 DN 细胞的增殖。     

环核苷酸及［Ca~（2＋）］i介导β－内啡肽刺激大鼠巨噬细胞IL－1的分泌

本实验初步观察β－ＥＰ刺激ＩＬ－１分泌的第二信使，培养的大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞，分别加入β－ＥＰ（１）组、β－ＥＰ＋ＮＬＸ（２）组、β－Ｅｐ＋ｆｏｒｓｋｏｌｉｎ（３）组、β－ＥＰ＋亚甲兰（１）组、β－ＥＰ＋尼凡地平（５）组、β－ＥＰ＋ｆｏｒｓｋｏｌｉｎ＋亚甲兰＋尼凡地平（６）组、主理盐水（７）组。２４ｈ后收集巨噬细胞及上清液检测有关指标，发现：第１组细胞内ｃＡＭＰ显著降低，ｃＧＭＰ、［Ｃａ￣（２＋）］ｉ明显升高，上清液呈强烈的ＩＬ－１活性；第２、６、７组细胞内ｃＡＭＰ、ｃＧＭＰ、［Ｃａ￣（２＋）］无明显变化，上清液无ＩＬ－１活性；第３、４、５组上清液们有较强的ＩＬ－１活性，而细胞内ｃＡＭＰ、ｃＧＭＰ及［Ｃａ￣（２＋）］ｉ呈不同变化，提示：ｃＡＭＰ，ｃＧＭＰ及［Ｃａ￣（２＋）］ｉ可能是β－ＥＰ刺激巨噬细胞分泌ＩＬ－１的第二信使。     

免疫大鼠下丘脑及垂体ACTH样和β—内啡肽样免疫阳性细胞的…

取正常Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠，雌雄兼用。老龄鼠（２０个月）和壮龄鼠（８个月）各１０只。用福氏痢疾杆菌及福氏完全佐剂免疫动物，免疫成熟后处死取材。石蜡切片，ＡＢＣ法染色，ＤＡＢ显色。光镜下观察下丘脑及垂体促肾上腺皮质激素样免疫反应（ＡＣＴＨ－ｉｒ）和β－内啡肽样免疫反应（β－ＥＮＤ－ｉｒ）阳性细胞的形态、分布和计数。图像分析仪测其灰度值。结果：多数鼠第三脑室室周层出现许多β－ＥＮＤ－ｉｒ强阳性细胞。弓状核     

脑定注射β—内啡肽抗血清对失血性休克猫心血管功能的影响

给失血性休克猫侧脑室注射特异性β－内啡肽抗血清，除能引起与脑室注射纳洛酮相同的增强心肌收缩力作用外，还具有明显改善心肌舒张功能，进而促使静脉回流和增加心率，它显示了具有比纳洛酮更好的作用。     

β—内啡肽及其受体对创伤失血性休克大鼠细胞免疫功能的调节作用

失血性休克后血管低反应期血管平滑肌细胞内钙与钙通道变化及其阿片受体的调控作用     

The effect of disgust on oral immune function

Disgust motivates avoidance of pathogen sources, but whether its role in disease avoidance extends into activating the immune system is unexplored. This was tested here by comparing oral immune markers before and after a disgust induction, relative to neutral and negative induction control groups. The disgust group, but not controls, revealed an oral inflammatory response, with increased salivary tumor necrotizing factor alpha and albumin, as well as a down-regulation of immunoglobulin A (SIgA) secretion. It has been hypothesized that disgust evolved in animals to clear toxins from the oral cavity by gaping and increased salivary flow. Our data suggest down-regulated SIgA secretion may be a vestige of this response so as to conserve protein, while the inflammatory reaction may reflect an adaptive response to disease threat, selectively triggered by disgust. The broader implications of these data for a discrete neuro-gut-immune axis are examined.     

The effect of biochanin A on immune function in rats and tumor cell growth and viability

Animals exposed to a single dose of biochanin A (BA) in vivo (8 mg kg^‐1 by gavage or 4 mg kg^‐1 intraperitoneal) had natural killer cell (NKC) activity similar to the control when observed 20 h after treatment. No effect on NKC response, antibody production or delayed‐type hypersensitivity reactions was seen in rats treated with the same BA doses administered three times a week for 3 weeks. Therefore, in vivo treatment of rats with BA in this study had little or no effect on the immune responses tested. NKC cytotoxicity was significantly enhanced in rat splenocytes exposed in vitro to 1 X 10^‐5‐1 X 10^‐12 M‐BA or genistein (GEN) in 2.5% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). However, the NKC response in the 2.5% DMSO vehicle‐treated controls was significantly suppressed. When the DMSO concentration was reduced to 0.5%, no effects were seen in BA, GEN or vehicle cultures. This suggests that BA and GEN treatment protected against suppression of NKC cytotoxicity by DMSO. Biochanin A treatment of tumor cells, YAC‐1 or EL4, in vitro did not affect viability, however, cell growth was significantly inhibited in both cell lines.     

睡眠剥夺对大鼠免疫功能的影响

已有实验证明 ,睡眠剥夺或缺失可降低机体的防御能力。Ｂｒｏｗｎ[1 ] 曾发现睡眠剥夺能使小鼠对流感病毒的抵抗力减弱 ,ＩＬ 1或胞壁肽可对抗这一改变。相继的研究显示白细胞介素与肿瘤坏死因子等细胞因子可不同程度地促进睡眠[2 ] 。睡眠是否与免疫有关 ,本文拟通过对睡眠剥夺大鼠Ｔ细胞和Ｂ细胞增殖反应的变化 ,来探讨睡眠对免疫功能的影响。1　材料与方法1 1　主要仪器及药品 :刀豆蛋白Ａ(ＣｏｎＡ) ,北京中山生物公司 ;脂多糖 (ＬＰＳ) ,Ｓｉｇｍａ产品 ;四甲基偶氮唑盐 (ＭＴＴ) ,瑞士ＦＬＵＫＡ产品 ;十二烷基硫酸钠 (ＳＤＳ) ,日本…     

雌二醇对大鼠细胞免疫功能 的影响

本文采用大鼠去卵巢或再补充雌二醇(E_2)的方法探讨 E_(2)对免疫器官及其细胞免疫功能的影响。结果表明,去卵巢大鼠的脾脏和胸腺肥大,重量增加,脾细胞和胸腺细胞数明显增多。给去卵巢大鼠补充 E_2可使上述变化逆转。切除卵巢后的大鼠脾细胞对 ConA 诱导的增殖应答反应和诱生 IL—2的能力明显增高,补充 E_(2)亦可使上述变化逆转。但去卵巢大鼠的胸腺细胞对 ConA 诱导的增殖应答反应未能检测到可见的变化;给去卵巢鼠补充 E_2后,胸腺细胞对 ConA 的应答反应反而增强,并观察到胸腺细胞呈现轻度的自发增殖反应。实验结果表明:E_2能影响外周和中枢免疫器官及其细胞免疫功能,但这种影响在外周和中枢免疫器官表现出不同的变化。     

阿苯达唑及黄芪对肝吸虫病大鼠红细胞免疫功能的影响

目的 观察药物阿苯达唑联合中药黄芪对肝吸虫感染大鼠的治疗效果并探讨其作用机制。方法 取健康成年Wistar大鼠32只,随机分为对照组、感染组、阿苯达唑治疗组和阿苯达唑联合黄芪治疗组,每组8只大鼠。对肝吸虫病大鼠感染及治疗前后红细胞C3b受体花环率（RBC-C3bRR）,红细胞免疫复合物花环率（RBC-ICR）,血清红细胞免疫促进因子（RFER）和红细胞免疫抑制因子（RFIR）活性进行检测。结果 大鼠感染肝吸虫后RBC-C3bRR和RFER水平下降,RBC-ICR和RFIR水平升高,与正常对照组比较,差异有统计学意义。经阿苯达唑及黄芪治疗后,肝吸虫病大鼠RBC-C3bRR和RFER水平升高,RBC-ICR和RFIR水平下降,与感染组比较差异有统计学意义;与阿苯达唑单独治疗组比较,阿苯达唑联合黄芪治疗肝吸虫病的效果更显著。结论 红细胞免疫功能在肝吸虫病大鼠致病过程中具有重要的作用,药物阿苯达唑和黄芪对肝吸虫病大鼠具有较好的疗效,中药黄芪对红细胞免疫具有调节作用。     

The effect of aging on cognate function and development of immune memory

Immunological memory is one of the central features of the immune system and can be described as the ability of the immune system to respond more efficiently to a second encounter with the same pathogen. The immune system is dramatically affected by age-related changes and it is becoming apparent that immune memory exhibits significant defects as a result of aging. Although immune memory generated during youth functions well into old age, that generated later in life functions poorly. Importantly, age-related defects in the cognate helper function of CD4(+) T cells can potentially influence the development of both humoral and cell-mediated immune memory. These defects ultimately result in aged individuals who exhibit reduced responses to both infections and vaccinations.     

大豆皂甙对小鼠细胞免疫功能的增强作用

实验结果表明,大豆皂甙经口给予小鼠后能明显促进 ConA 和 Lp(?) 对小鼠脾细胞的增殖反应,能明显增强脾细胞对 IL—2的反应性,增加小鼠脾细胞对 IL—2的分泌,并明显的提高 NK 细胞、LAK 细胞毒活性.所以大豆皂甙具有明显的免疫调节作用.     

硫贲妥钠对小鼠红细胞免疫功能的影响

目的 观察静脉麻醉药硫贲妥钠对小鼠红细胞免疫功能的影响。方法 采用郭峰法红细胞C3b受体花环、免疫复合物花环实验和直向肿瘤红细胞花环试验测定红细胞免疫粘附功能。结果 麻醉组与对照组比较红细胞C3b受体花环率及肿瘤红细胞花环率统计学具具有显著差异，红细胞免疫复合物花环率无显著差异。结论 硫贲妥钠麻醉抑制小鼠红细胞免疫功能。