二烯丙基二硫诱导人白血病HL-60细胞凋亡及机制

目的　探讨二烯丙基二硫 (DADS)诱导人白血病HL 6 0细胞凋亡的生物学效应及抗肿瘤机制。方法　通过MTT还原法检测DADS对该细胞系生长的影响 ;用电镜、荧光显微镜、流式细胞仪和细胞凋亡原位检测 (TUNEL)研究DADS诱导的细胞凋亡。SP免疫组化法检测细胞内Bcl 2、Bax蛋白的表达。结果　DADS能抑制HL 6 0细胞的生长 ,DADS处理HL 6 0细胞后 ,电镜下细胞呈凋亡特征性改变 :体积变小 ,核浓缩 ,凋亡小体形成 ,流式细胞仪示不同浓度DADS作用于HL 6 0细胞 ,亚G1期细胞明显增多 ,TUNEL测凋亡指数增加。SP免疫组化结果表明 10mg·L-1DADS处理细胞 2 4h后 ,Bax蛋白表达升高 ,Bcl 2蛋白表达下降。结论　DADS有诱导人白血病HL 6 0细胞凋亡的作用 ,其机制与Bcl 2 /Bax比例下降有关。     

二烯丙基二硫诱导人白血病细胞系HL-60细胞分化的实验研究

目的　探讨二烯丙基二硫 (DADS)对人急性髓性白血病细胞系HL 6 0细胞增殖抑制及诱导分化作用的影响。方法　采用MTT法检测对细胞增殖的影响 ,通过观察细胞形态、硝基四氮唑蓝 (NBT)还原反应、流式细胞仪测定鉴定细胞分化。结果　HL 6 0细胞经DADS处理后 ,细胞增殖受抑 ,呈剂量效应关系。 0 6 2 5～ 1 2 5mg·L-1时NBT还原反应增强 (P <0 0 1或 <0 0 5 ) ,流式细胞术显示可诱导表面分化抗原CD11b表达升高及细胞周期阻滞于G1期。结论　小剂量DADS长时间作用对HL 6 0细胞具有诱导分化作用 ,其作用相当于全反式维甲酸 ,对于白血病的治疗具有潜在的应用价值     

二烯丙基二硫上调p21、STAT1和CAMTA1诱导人白血病HL-60细胞分化

目的应用抑制性消减杂交(SSH)研究二烯丙基二硫(diallyl disulfide,DADS)诱导人白血病HL-60细胞分化的分子机制。方法在前期工作中,我们成功地构建了具有高消减效率的DADS诱导白血病分化的cDNA文库,本实验通过挑取文库中的30个克隆制备质粒并酶切分析、测序和同源性检索。结果18个克隆均具有100～600bp左右的插入片段,测序分析发现10个差异表达基因,分别与细胞周期、信号转导、代谢、RNA结合等有关。RT-PCR验证其中上调的3个基因:p21、STAT1和CAMTA1,结果与SSH相符。结论p21、STAT1和CAMTA1表达上调与DADS诱导白血病分化密切相关。     

二烯丙基二硫诱导人白血病HL-60细胞分化差异表达cDNA文库的构建

目的　应用抑制性消减杂交技术构建二烯丙基二硫(diallyldisulfide ,DADS)诱导人白血病细胞分化的消减杂交cDNA文库 ,以期克隆DADS诱导人白血病HL 6 0细胞分化的相关基因。方法　用DADS诱导人白血病HL 6 0细胞分化 ,提取polyA+ RNA ,反转录合成cDNA ,消化成短片段后分成两组 ,分别与两种不同的接头连接 ,再与未处理的白血病细胞cDNA进行两次消减杂交及两次抑制性PCR扩增 ,将PCR产物与pGEM T线性载体连接 ,转化大肠杆菌进行文库扩增 ,随机挑取克隆进行酶切鉴定。结果　成功地构建了具有高消减效率的DADS诱导白血病细胞分化的cDNA文库 ,随机挑取消 2 0 0个克隆制备质粒并酶切分析 ,其中 84 5 %的克隆均具有 1 0 0～ 6 0 0bp左右的插入片段 ,说明每一克隆中均含有特异性的目的片段 ,从而为大批量筛选、克隆DADS诱导人白血病细胞分化的相关未知新基因奠定了基础。结论　DADS能诱导人白血病HL 6 0细胞分化 ,并引起相关的基因发生改变 ,而抑制性消减杂交技术能有效地分离差异表达的基因。     

DADS抑制JAK1/STAT3信号通路诱导人白血病HL-60细胞分化

目的探讨JAKs/STATs信号转导通路在二烯丙基二硫(DADS)诱导人白血病HL60细胞分化中的变化及其调控机制。方法将HL60细胞与DADS或JAKs/STATs信号通路的激酶抑制剂AG490在体外共同培养,观察细胞形态变化,检测药物作用前后细胞NBT还原能力及细胞表面分化抗原CD11b的改变;用Westernblot检测JAKs,STATs各家族成员在DADS诱导HL60细胞分化中的改变;并用免疫细胞化学法检测核转录基因STATs,cmyc,cfos,cjun的表达变化。结果DADS和AG490均可诱导HL60细胞向成熟粒系分化,且DADS在1.25mg·L-1时诱导分化作用达峰值;Westernblot检测JAK1,STAT3的酪氨酸激酶发生了磷酸化改变;免疫细胞化学示STAT3与cmyc基因蛋白核内表达下降,cjun,cfos基因蛋白核内表达上升。结论JAK1,STAT3酪氨酸激酶的磷酸化抑制参与了DADS诱导HL60细胞分化的调控,其机制可能通过调控与HL60细胞增殖分化相关的基因表达,抑制细胞DNA合成,从而抑制细胞增殖,诱导分化。DADS的作用相当于JAK1/STAT3信号通路的阻断剂。     

二烯丙基二硫活化NADPH氧化酶诱导人白血病K562细胞凋亡

目的研究DADS诱导人白血病K562细胞凋亡的分子机制。方法应用MTT法检测细胞的活性;流式细胞术检测细胞内的活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)水平以及凋亡细胞百分率;Real-time PCR检测NADPH氧化酶各亚基mRNA水平;免疫共沉淀检测蛋白Rac2与蛋白p67phox的结合;Western blot检测Rac2蛋白的表达。结果 DADS能明显抑制K562细胞的增殖,呈时间和剂量依赖性;6 mg·L-1DADS作用人白血病K562细胞6 h后,NADPH氧化酶复合物的6个亚基mRNA水平都明显上调;5.0、10.0 mg·L-1DADS作用人白血病K562细胞24 h后蛋白Rac2的表达水平明显上调;免疫共沉淀结果显示,DADS诱导的K562细胞凋亡过程中有Rac2与p67phox结合;流式细胞术检测凋亡细胞百分率结果显示,PMA能明显提高DADS诱导K562细胞凋亡的作用,而DPI能抑制DADS诱导K562细胞凋亡。PMA能提高DADS诱导K562细胞活性氧的水平,而DPI明显抑制了活性氧的产生。结论 NADPH氧化酶的活化是DADS诱导K562细胞凋亡过程中活性氧的主要来源,DADS通过活化NADPH氧化酶诱导K562细胞凋亡。     

小剂量二烯丙基二硫联合全反式维甲酸对HL-60细胞的生长抑制和诱导分化作用研究

二烯丙基二硫(diallyl disulfide,DADS)具有抑制肿瘤细胞增殖,调控细胞周期依赖素激酶、信号转导,诱导肿瘤细胞分化、凋亡及影响癌基因与抑癌基因表达的作用。小剂量DADS(1·25mg·L-1)可以抑制JAK1/STAT3信号通路,将HL-60细胞阻滞在G0/G1期,诱导HL-60细胞向粒系分化,其作用与全反式维甲酸(ATRA)相当[1~3]。本实验将探讨小剂量DADS与ATRA联合应用对HL-60细胞的生长抑制及诱导分化效应。1材料和方法参见文献2。2结果2.1DADS与ATRA单独或联合用药对HL-60细胞生长的影响1·25mg·L-1DADS或ATRA对体外培养的HL-60细胞均…     

RA联合IFN—γ诱导分化抑制胶质瘤细胞增殖的协同作用

目的 探索用维甲酸（ＲＡ）联合干扰素－γ（ＩＦＮ－γ）协同诱导分化治疗脑胶质瘤的新方案。方法 应用改良ＭＴＴ法,系统分析ＲＡ／ＩＦＮ－γ协同调控脑胶质瘤细胞增殖的量效、时效关系。结果 ＲＡ及ＩＦＮ－γ单独应用时,在药理可达浓度（分别为１０＾－６Ｍ及４０ＩＵ／ｍｌ）水平对体外培养的脑胶质瘤细胞具有一定的抑制增殖效应,但作用较弱;ＲＡ／ＩＦＮ－γ协同诱导分化治疗能有效逆转脑胶质瘤细胞的恶性增殖表型。     

诱导分化在恶性肿瘤及白血病治疗中的应用

1960年Pierce首先发现小鼠睾丸畸胎瘤细胞可自发地分化成良性的正常细胞,证实了上世纪50年代提出的是否可通过诱导     

猪胆汁酸钠对人早幼粒白血病细胞系HL-60的增殖抑制及分化诱导作用(英文)

猪胆汁酸钠不仅是人工牛黄的主要成分,而且有广泛的临床用途.近年来,文献报道已经在实验大鼠证实口服少量牛磺胆酸可以克服长期摄入维生素A酸(retinoic acid,RA)或其衍生物所引起的副作用.鉴于RA是髓系白血病细胞分化的生理性诱导剂,临床试用表明口服RA对急性早幼粒白血病有较满意疗效,我们设想胆汁酸与RA联合用药可能对早幼粒白血病的治疗是有意义的.本文报道体外试验结果表明,药用猪汁酸钠明显抑制HL-60细胞增殖(IC_(50) 400μg/ml)并诱导HL-60细胞向终末方向分化.诱导后的HL-60细胞具有嗜中性粒细胞和单核/巨噬细胞的某些形态及细胞化学特征,表现出明显的细胞呼吸爆发功能.细胞周期分析表明猪胆汁酸钠阻断细胞从G_0+G_1期进入S期.小鼠急性中毒试验测定其LD_(50)为:腹腔注射LD_(50)462±SD 35 mg/kg,灌胃LD_(50)>1 g/kg。药用猪胆酸钠体外试验对粒系白血病原代细胞的增殖抑制及分化诱导作用以及体内试验对某些小鼠白血病的作用正在进一步观察.我们认为进一步研究猪胆汁酸钠和RA的联合应用是有意义的.     

Metabolites of Diallyl Disulfide and Diallyl Sulfide in Primary Rat Hepatocytes

The objectives of this study were to analyse and identify the metabolites of diallyl disulfide (DADS) and diallyl sulfide (DAS) in primary rat hepatocytes prepared by collagenase perfusion. According to the results, allyl mercaptan (AM) and allyl methyl sulfide (AMS) were the metabolites of DADS. The highest amount of AMS (0.93±0.08 μg/ml at 90 min) was much less than that of AM (46.2±6.6 μg/ml at 60 min). Combined with the Purge and Trap using a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) system, it is very useful to detect the trace amounts of metabolites in primary rat hepatocytes. Results also showed that AMS was a metabolite of DAS. The highest amount of AMS in the extracellular fluid of hepatocytes was 0.63±0.16 μg/ml at 30 min of incubation.     

Chemoprevention of Chemically Induced Skin Tumor Development by Diallyl Sulfide and Diallyl Disulfide

Garlic and onion oil have been shown to inhibit chemically induced skin tumor development in mice. In the present study, the effects of diallyl sulfide and diallyl disulfide, oil-soluble constituents of garlic and onion, on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced and 12, O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-promoted skin tumor formation were examined in SENCAR mice. Topical application of diallyl sulfide or diallyl disulfide significantly inhibited skin papilloma formation from the ninth week of promotion and significantly increased the rate of survival in the murine model. Our findings support earlier evidence that these naturally occurring compounds may be useful for the chemoprevention of certain types of tumors.     

紫草素抑制胃癌细胞增殖、黏附及诱导凋亡

目的探讨异紫草素AJ-7及其衍生物AJ-9、AJ-5和AJ-8对人胃癌细胞SGC 7901增殖及黏附的抑制作用,以及凋亡诱导作用。方法应用MTT比色法检测新疆紫草素对细胞的增殖、黏附抑制作用,用流式细胞术(FCM)、Annexin-V-FITC联合法及透射电镜检测新疆紫草素对胃癌细胞的凋亡诱导效应。结果新疆紫草素能够抑制胃癌细胞的增殖,并呈浓度时间依赖性。FCM出现明显的亚二倍体峰并将细胞阻滞于G1期,Annexin-V-FITC联合法染色可见细胞凋亡的特征性贯穿胞质穿过胞膜的红色颗粒,电镜下可见染色质边集及生发小体的凋亡形态特征。结论新疆紫草素能够有效抑制胃癌细胞的增殖、黏附,并诱导凋亡。     

大黄素对人肝癌Huh7细胞的凋亡作用及机制研究

目的 研究大黄素对人肝癌Huh7细胞的凋亡作用及分子机制。方法 培养肝癌Huh7细胞,1、3、10、30、100 μmol/L的大黄素处理24 h,5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)作为阳性药,MTT法检测细胞存活率;30 μmol/L大黄素处理细胞0、3、6、24 h,光学显微镜观察细胞形态变化;Annexin V-FITC/PI双染法与流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,Western blotting检测细胞凋亡相关蛋白的表达变化。结果 大黄素显著抑制Huh7细胞生长且呈浓度依赖性,其IC₅₀值为11.55 μmol/L。30 μmol/L大黄素处理细胞,随着药物作用时间的增加,细胞明显固缩和凝聚,大量细胞脱离培养皿底部;细胞凋亡明显;p-Akt、Bcl-2蛋白表达量减少,cleaved caspase-3蛋白表达量增加。结论 大黄素通过Akt信号途径诱导肝癌Huh7细胞凋亡。     

吉非替尼通过调控hPTTG1表达抑制卵巢癌细胞增殖并诱导凋亡的机制研究

目的：吉非替尼和人垂体瘤转化基因1（hPTTG1）对卵巢癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响及作用机制。方法：以不同浓度吉非替尼干预A2780细胞,MTT法检测细胞增殖。流式细胞仪、qRT-PCR和Western blot实验检测20 μmol·L^-1吉非替尼对A2780细胞凋亡及细胞中hPTTG1表达的影响。敲减hPTTG1或过表达hPTTG1联合20 μmol·L^-1吉非替尼处理,qRT-PCR和Western blot、MTT和流式细胞术检测细胞中hPTTG1表达及细胞增殖、凋亡情况变化。结果：吉非替尼能够有效抑制A2780细胞增殖（P<0.05）,呈浓度依赖性。以20 μmol·L^-1吉非替尼干预A2780细胞,细胞凋亡率升高（P<0.05）,细胞中hPTTG1在mRNA和蛋白水平的表达显著下调（P<0.05）。将hPTTG1 siRNA转染至A2780细胞后,细胞hPTTG1表达水平降低（P<0.05）,细胞增殖抑制率和凋亡率增大（P<0.05）;过表达hPTTG1可减弱吉非替尼对A2780细胞增殖的抑制及凋亡的促进作用。结论：吉非替尼可抑制A2780细胞增殖并诱导凋亡,这一结果可能是通过抑制hPTTG1表达来完成。     

Novel dichlorophenyl urea compounds inhibit proliferation of human leukemia HL-60 cells by inducing cell cycle arrest, differentiation and apoptosis

Two novel dichlorophenyl urea compounds, SR4 and SR9, were synthesized in our laboratory and evaluated for anti-cancer activities. Specifically, we investigated the antiproliferative properties of these new compounds on promyelocytic HL-60 leukemia cells by analyzing their effects on cell differentiation, cell cycle progression and apoptosis. SR4 and SR9 were both cytotoxic to HL-60 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner, with IC(50) of 1.2 μM and 2.2 μM, respectively, after 72 h treatment. Both compounds strongly suppressed growth of HL-60 cells by promoting cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 transition, with concomitant decrease in protein levels of cyclins D1 and E2 and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK 2 and CDK 4), and increased protein expression of CDK inhibitors p21(WAF1/Cip1) and p27(Kip1). In addition, either compounds induce cell differentiation as detected by increased NBT staining and expression of CD11b and CD14. Treatment with SR compounds also promoted mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis as confirmed by Annexin V-FITC double staining, DNA fragmentation, increased expression of caspase 3, 7 and 9, cytochrome c release, PARP degradation, and collapse in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ(MT)). Collectively, these results provide evidence that SR4 and SR9 have the potential for the treatment of human leukemia and merit further investigation as therapeutic agents against other types of cancer.     

普洱茶水提取物体外抑制舌鳞癌Tca8113细胞增殖并诱导凋亡的研究

 目的   研究普洱茶水提取物（Pu-erh tea extract,PTE）对舌鳞癌Tca8113细胞的抑制作用及其作用机制。 方法   采用四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法检测PTE对Tca8113细胞和牙周膜成纤维细胞生长和增殖的抑制作用,用倒置相差显微镜观察PTE作用后细胞的形态变化,利用流式细胞术分析PTE对舌鳞癌细胞的作用机制。实验数据采用GraphPad Prism 5.01软件进行统计分析,应用单因素方差分析对数据进行比较。 结果   在PTE作用时间相同的情况下,随着其浓度的增加,Tca8113细胞存活率明显降低,当PTE浓度为125.00 μg/ml时,细胞存活率下降最为显著（F=1 283,P<0.000 1）。而当PTE浓度相同的情况下,随着作用时间的增加,Tca8113细胞存活率也随之降低,并且在作用12 h时差异最显著（F=111.6,P<0.000 1）。PTE对正常牙周膜成纤维细胞无明显抑制作用。显微镜观察发现,舌鳞癌细胞经PTE处理后出现皱缩、变圆、脱离贴壁状态;而牙周膜成纤维细胞形态无变化。流式细胞术检测发现,舌鳞癌细胞经浓度为125.00 μg/ml的PTE作用12 h后,细胞凋亡率为27.65%±0.47%。 结论   PTE能通过诱导细胞凋亡抑制舌鳞癌Tca8113细胞增殖,提示其具有防治舌鳞癌的作用。     

Paraquat inhibited differentiation in human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) and down regulated miR-200a expression by targeting CTNNB1

Paraquat (PQ) exposure influences central nervous system and results in serious neurotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. However, the role of PQ exposure in the development of CNS remains unclear. In present study, we investigated microRNAs (miRNAs) expression profiling and cell differential status following PQ treatment in human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) as well as involved mechanism. Microarray profiling of miRNAs expression of PQ treated cell line and their corresponding control was determined. Differentially expression miRNAs were confirmed by quantitative real time PCR. Neural cell differentiation was performed with immunocytochemical analysis. Predicated target of miRNA was identified with luciferase reports and quantitatively analyzed using western blotting. Our results found PQ dramatically suppressed neural cell differentiation ability. 43 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in PQ treated cells. The expression levels were over expressed in 25 miRNAs, whereas 18 miRNAs were suppressed. More importantly, we observed that miR-200a expression level to be lower in PQ treated cells. Luciferase assay and protein expression results confirmed the direct binding effect between CTNNB1 and miR-200a following PQ exposure. Collectively, our data suggested that down regulation of miR-200a in the PQ treated neural stem cell significantly participated in the differentiation processes and subsequently resulting in decreased cell viability, increased epithelial-mesenchymal transition process and the inhibited differential through CTNNB1 pathway.     

Flavones inhibit the proliferation of human tumor cancer cell lines by inducing apoptosis

Dietary flavonoids have been shown to exert specific cytotoxicity toward some cancer cells, but the precise molecular mechanisms are still not completely understood. In this study, cytotoxic effects of flavones (apigenin and luteolin) on two different cancer cell lines, including human chronic myelogenous erythroleukaemia (K562) and bladder carcinoma (RT112), were determined, and the molecular mechanisms responsible for their cytotoxic effects were studied. The results of an MTT assay showed that luteolin and apigenin were able to induce cytotoxicity in K562 and RT112 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The cytotoxic potency of luteolin was higher than that of apigenin. Flow-cytometry and DNA-fragmentation analysis indicated that the cytotoxicity induced by luteolin and apigenin was mainly due to apoptosis, with minor cell-cycle perturbations. This apoptotic response was characterized by an increase of the sub-G1 fraction of treated cells, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase proteolysis, typical ladder of DNA fragmentation, and Annexin V-positive cells. In conclusion, luteolin and apigenin exert cytotoxic effects in different cancer cell lines in which apoptosis plays an important role. Thus, flavones could be considered as potential chemotherapeutic agents.