不同分化程度胃癌组织中hMSH2 mRNA的表达

目的 :研究正常胃粘膜和不同分化程度胃癌胃粘膜组织中hMSH2mRNA的表达。方法 :应用原位杂交技术 ,对 2 7例胃癌 (高、中、低分化分别为 5例 ,9例与 13例 )和 19例正常胃粘膜组织中hMSH2mRNA表达进行检测。结果 :癌组织中杂交信号阳性细胞数与正常组织相比显著减少 (P <0 0 5 )。低分化胃癌 (2 1.8± 10 .6 )与中分化胃癌 (5 0 .9± 19.3)及高分化胃癌 (72 .5± 2 3.3)相比差异显著 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :hMSH2mRNA表达与胃癌分化程度有关 ,胃癌细胞的分化程度愈低 ,其hMSH2mRNA表达愈低。hMSH2可能对胃癌细胞存在分化诱导或转录水平调控     

胃癌微卫星DNA不稳定性和hMSH2 mRNA的表达

目的探讨胃癌微卫星DNA不稳定性与错配修复基因hMSH2mRNA表达之间的关系。方法采用PCR-变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳-银染技术,对20例胃癌及其癌旁组织D9s171、D9s1604微卫星位点杂合性缺失(LOH)进行分析,原位杂交检测27例胃癌、10例癌旁组织和19例正常胃黏膜中hMSH2mRNA的表达。结果胃癌D9s171、D9s1604微卫星位点LOH发生率(13/20)较其癌旁组织(6/20)明显增高(P<0.05);两位点与LOH发生之间存在相关性(P<0.05)。hMSH2mRNA阳性表达细胞在胃癌及其癌旁组织中为(42.1±25.9)和(99.7±16.8),较正常标本的(175.8±26.4)明显减少;不同分化程度胃癌组织间hMSH2mRNA表达阳性率不同,胃癌组织LOH(+)标本hMSH2mRNA阳性表达(25.5±10.7)较LOH(-)者(61.2±25.9)显著降低(P<0.05)。结论D9s171、D9s1604微卫星位点的LOH与胃癌的发生发展有关,胃癌中微卫星DNA不稳定性的产生可能是DNA错配修复基因hMSH2mRNA低表达所致。     

胃癌微卫星DNA不稳定性和hMSH2 mRNA的表达

目的探讨胃癌微卫星DNA不稳定性与错配修复基因hMSH2 mRNA表达之间的关系. 方法采用PCR-变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳-银染技术,对20例胃癌及其癌旁组织D9s171、D9s1604微卫星位点杂合性缺失(LOH)进行分析,原位杂交检测27例胃癌、10例癌旁组织和19例正常胃黏膜中hMSH2 mRNA的表达.结果胃癌D9s171、D9s1604微卫星位点LOH发生率(13/20)较其癌旁组织(6/20)明显增高(P<0.05);两位点与LOH发生之间存在相关性(P<0.05).hMSH2 mRNA阳性表达细胞在胃癌及其癌旁组织中为(42.1±25.9)和(99.7±16.8),较正常标本的(175.8±26.4)明显减少;不同分化程度胃癌组织间hMSH2 mRNA表达阳性率不同, 胃癌组织LOH(+)标本hMSH2 mRNA阳性表达(25.5±10.7)较LOH(-)者(61.2±25.9)显著降低(P<0.05).结论 D9s171、 D9s1604微卫星位点的LOH与胃癌的发生发展有关,胃癌中微卫星DNA不稳定性的产生可能是DNA错配修复基因hMSH2 mRNA低表达所致.     

P~(16) mRNA及其蛋白在胃癌中的表达和临床意义

目的　探讨P16mRNA及其蛋白产物在胃癌、癌旁及正常胃粘膜中的表达和临床意义。方法　采用原位杂交和免疫组化技术检测 33例胃癌、17例癌旁和 13例正常胃粘膜中P16mRNA及蛋白的表达。结果　胃癌P16mRNA和蛋白阳性表达率均高于正常胃粘膜 (P <0 .0 5 )。伴淋巴结转移胃癌阳性细胞密度明显高于未转移者 (P <0 .0 5 )。P16mRNA及其蛋白表达与胃癌的其它病理学特征无相关性 ,二者在不同胃组织中表达呈正相关。结论　P16基因异常可能参与胃癌的发生与发展 ,并有促进胃肿瘤转移的效应 ,可作为胃癌预后的一个参考指标。     

贲门癌组织端粒酶活性和端粒酶RNA表达的检测

目的 :检测贲门癌组织中端粒酶 (Telomerase)活性和端粒酶RNA (hTR)的表达 ,探讨其在贲门癌发生发展中的作用。方法 :采用TRAP -ELISA法、原位杂交的方法对 4 6例贲门癌、配对癌旁及 30例手术残断正常黏膜中端粒酶活性和hTR的表达进行检测。结果 :4 6例贲门癌、癌旁及 30例正常黏膜组织中端粒酶阳性率和hTR表达率分别为 91.30 %和 82 .6 1% ;39.13%和 4 3.4 8% ;16 .6 7%和 13.33%。癌组织与癌旁及正常黏膜组织相比端粒酶阳性率及hTR表达率差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1)。端粒酶平均吸光值癌组织为 1.89± 0 .4 1,癌旁及正常黏膜组织分别为 1.4 9± 0 .4 3,0 .5 4± 0 .4 5 ;hTR平均阳性细胞面积癌组织为 0 .31± 0 .10 ,癌旁及正常黏膜组织分别为 0 .2 0± 0 .13和 0 .0 6± 0 .11,2指标癌组织与癌旁及正常黏膜组织相比差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :端粒酶活性表达及hTR的表达与贲门癌的发生密切相关。原位杂交是检测端粒酶活性更为简单的方法     

死亡相关蛋白激酶基因在胃癌组织中的表达

目的:研究死亡相关蛋白激酶(DAPk)基因在原发性胃癌组织中的表达,探讨其在胃癌发生发展中可能的作用。方法:收集62例原发性胃癌及相对应的癌旁正常组织。应用RT-PCR检测DAPk mRNA表达,免疫组化方法检测DAPk蛋白表达。结果:RT-PCR方法显示DAPk mRNA表达水平在胃癌组织中明显低于癌旁正常组织(OD值为0.2863±0.2027比0.5736±0.1968,P<0.0001)。免疫组化分析显示,DAPk在所有癌旁正常组织中表达均为阳性,积分范围为2-12,平均8.61±2.89;而在胃癌组织中表达则明显减弱或缺失,积分范围为0-9,平均2.90±3.38。DAPk在癌旁正常组织中的表达水平显著高于胃癌组织(P<0.0001)。结论:在原发性胃癌组织中,DAPk mRNA和蛋白表达明显缺失或低下。     

人食管癌组织DNA聚合酶β基因表达水平及定位

目的 :探讨人食管癌组织中DNA聚合酶 β基因 (polβ)表达水平及定位。 方法 :取 17例食管癌患者的癌组织、癌旁组织及其距癌灶 4～ 5cm处的正常组织。每块组织分 2等份 ,其中 1份常规石蜡包埋切片进行原位杂交 ,另 1份提取总RNA进行RNA斑点印迹 ,并以TLC扫描数值。结果 :蓝紫色杂交信号颗粒定位于胞质。弱信号见于正常组织的上皮基底细胞 ;癌旁组织的增殖细胞信号增强 ;癌组织分化较高的癌巢信号较弱 ;浸润的癌细胞信号强。原位杂交信号积分值与TLC扫描数值在癌、癌旁及正常组织中依次降低 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 0 1)分别为 :癌组织 (32 .1± 7.8)和 (35 .8± 8.7) ,癌旁组织 (2 2 .1± 5 .3)和 (2 8.1± 6 .8) ,正常组织 (11.2± 2 .4 )和 (11.2± 2 .7)。结论 :人食管癌组织polβ基因呈高表达 ,DNA聚合酶 β较高表达可能是癌变早期事件。     

P^16mRNA及其蛋白在胃癌中的表达和临床意义

目的 探讨P^16mRNA及其蛋白产物在胃癌、癌旁及正常胃粘膜中的表达和临床意义。方法 采用原位杂交和免疫组化技术检测33例胃癌、17例癌旁和13例正常胃粘膜中P^16mRNA及蛋白的表达。结果 胃癌P^16mRNA和蛋白阳性表达率均高于正常胃粘膜（P＜0．05）。伴淋巴结转移胃癌阳性细胞密度明显高于未转移者（P＜0．05）。P^16mRNA及其蛋白表达与胃癌的其它病理学特征无相关性,二者在不同胃组织中表达呈正相关。结论 P^16基因异常可能参与胃癌的发生与发展,并有促进胃肿瘤转移的效应,可作为胃癌预后的一个参考指标。     

EBV相关胃癌组织中bcl-2和Ki-67蛋白表达的检测

①目的　探讨Epstein BarrVirus(EBV)相关胃癌 (EBVaGC)组织中bcl 2和Ki 6 7蛋白表达与EBV感染的关系。②方法　应用PCR Southern技术 ,检测 1 85例胃癌及相应癌旁组织中EBVDNA ,原位杂交技术检测PCR阳性标本EBV小RNA1 (EBER1 )的表达 ,确证EBVaGC。并选择EBV阴性胃癌 (EBVnGC)标本 ,应用免疫组化技术检测其bcl 2和Ki 6 7蛋白的表达。③结果　 1 85例胃癌组织中检测到EBVaGC 1 3例 ,阳性率为 7.0 3% ,1 85例癌旁组织均为阴性 ,胃癌组织和相应癌旁组织EBV阳性率比较差异有显著性 (χ2 =1 1 .0 77,P <0 .0 0 1 )。E BVaGC和EBVnGC组织中bcl 2表达率分别为 5 3.85 %和 4 8.89% ,二者比较差异无显著性 (χ2 =0 .0 99,P >0 .0 5 )。EBVaGC和EBVnGC组织中Ki 6 7指数 (KI)平均值分别为 2 8.2 5 4± 6 .2 84和 37.86 4± 1 4 .5 2 3,二者比较差异有极显著意义 (t′=2 .5 5 3,P <0 .0 1 )。④结论　EBV感染与部分胃癌的发生有一定相关性 ,EBVaGC的发生与bcl 2蛋白表达无明显相关性 ,与Ki 6 7蛋白表达有一定相关性。     

人肝硬化肝细胞生长激素受体及其mRNA的表达变化

目的　探讨人肝硬化肝组织和肝硬化肝细胞生长激素受体的表达变化。方法　采用放射配体法、逆转录聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)检测 32例癌旁肝硬化肝组织和 6例癌旁肝硬化肝细胞中生长激素受体及其mRNA的表达水平 ,并分别与 5例正常肝组织、3例正常肝细胞比较。结果　人肝硬化肝组织表达生长激素受体 ,其表达数量较正常肝组织明显减少 [RT,(2 2 4± 5 0 )fmol/mg蛋白 ,n =32vs (41 3± 5 3)fmol/mg蛋白 ,n =5 ;P <0 0 5 ],并且随着肝硬化程度的加重进一步减少 (P <0 0 5 ) ;人肝硬化肝细胞生长激素受体的位点数量较正常肝细胞明显减少 [位点 ,(2 4 0± 0 93)× 10 4/细胞 ,n =6vs (4 6 8± 1 14 )× 10 4/cell,n =3;P <0 0 5 ],人肝硬化肝组织生长激素受体mRNA的表达量也较正常肝组织明显减少 [riOD ,30 8%± 8 2 % ,n =32vs 4 4 9%± 6 3% ,n =5 ;P <0 0 5 ],并且随着肝硬化程度的加重进一步减少 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　肝硬化肝细胞表达生长激素受体 ,其表达水平降低 ;肝硬化越严重 ,该表达下调越明显。肝硬化肝组织生长激素受体表达下调的可能机制是肝硬化肝组织生长激素受体mRNA的表达明显减少     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.