A method for long-term preservation of typed blood samples

The Author describes a simple method for a long-time maintenance of blood groups, for medico-legal purposes too. Technique has been worked out performing the blood groups on an available thin cardboard. The sample is successively essicated, fixed with a sprayed fixator, protected with a transparent envelope and enclosed in archives.     

A fluorometric micromethod for estimation of carnosinase in dried blood samples

Human alkaline phosphatases extracted with butanol from liver, kidney and placenta, and from foetal and adult small intestine each contain fragments with molecular masses within the range of approximately 8 kDa to 20 kDa which can be removed by digestion with bromelain. However, in the case of adult intestine, this fragment (which is presumed to represent a membrane-binding domain) can only be demonstrated in tissue extracted immediately after removal at operation. Similar fragments are also present in foetal intestinal phosphatase in amniotic fluid, and in liver and bone alkaline phosphatases recovered from serum. Again, however, adult intestinal phosphatase from serum differs in the absence of the bromelain-sensitive fragment. These observations indicate differences in the ways in which intestinal and non-intestinal alkaline phosphatases gain access to the circulation, and also have implications for structural studies on intestinal phosphatase extracted post mortem from adult tissue.     

动脉导管血标本与静脉血标本用于血培养检测可靠性比较的Meta分析

目的 系统评价并比较动脉导管血培养标本与静脉血培养标本检测血流感染的可靠性.方法 计算机检索Medline、Embase、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据库、中国国家图书馆、PubMed、Sci-ence Direct、Google Scholar和ProQuest等数据库,收集动脉血培养标本与静脉血培养标本配对检测血流感染的相关研究,筛选文献、提取数据并评价文献质量后,采用RevMan5.3软件进行Meta分析.结果 共纳入6条文献,M eta分析结果显示,动脉血培养标本与静脉血培养标本在确诊菌血症患者中培养物阳性检出率和标本污染率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 留取动脉血培养标本进行患者血流感染检测效果与静脉血培养标本同样可靠,甚至发现,对于某些菌种动脉血培养阳性检出效率更高,但污染风险较大.考虑到留取标本的便利性和无创性,有持续留置动脉导管的重症患者可考虑采集动脉血培养标本进行检测.     

外周血糖监测采血技巧的应用研究

近年来随着人们生活水平的提高,生活方式的改变,我科收住的动静脉血管疾病合并糖尿病的病人日益增多,经统计占住院病人的20.6%。我科是一个手术科室,高血糖对手术、麻醉的影响非常大,术中风险较高,并且术后影响伤口的愈合,甚至发生感染,造成手术的失败,从而给病人经济、精神上造成沉重的打击。所以血糖的控制在我科成为治疗的关键,在治疗中要求病人应积极地参与血糖的监测,以了解自身的血糖变化,以便更好的治疗。但在行外周血监测时,采血部位敏感(手指末梢)、次数太多(每天7次或8次,人均80次～90次),监测时间也较长(7d～10d),病人往往不能耐…     

外周血糖监测采血技巧的应用研究

近年来随着人们生活水平的提高，生活方式的改变，我科收住的动静脉血管疾病合并糖尿病的病人日益增多，经统计占住院病人的20．6％。我科是一个手术科室，高血糖对手术、麻醉的影响非常大，术中风险较高，并且术后影响伤口的愈合，甚至发生感染，造成手术的失败，从而给病人经济、精神上造成沉重的打击。所以血糖的控制在我科成为治疗的关键，在治疗中要求病人应积极地参与血糖的监测，以了解自身的血糖变化，以便更好的治疗。但在行外周血监测时，采血部位敏感（手指末梢）、     

A new method of inhibiting glycolysis in blood samples

The maintenance of hydrogen ion concentration in blood samples at pH 5.3-5.9 immediately inhibits glycolysis. This effect is due to the inhibition of all glycolytic enzymes, as shown by measurement of various glycolytic intermediates. At the inhibitory pH at 25 degrees C, the glucose content did not decrease over a period of 8 h, but it did decrease by 1.3 +/- 1.1 mg/dl over 24 h.     

健康体检者抽血晕厥的相关因素研究

目的 探讨健康体检者抽血晕厥发生的相关因素,采取预防措施.方法 对36 352例健康体检者在抽血中发生晕厥43例的性别、年龄、抽血史、抽血体位、抽血时间、抽血量各影响因素进行单因素分析.结果 15～26岁年龄组抽血时取坐位、首次抽血、抽血时间超过上午9:00进行者易发生抽血晕厥,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而性别和抽血量比较差异无统计学意义.结论 抽血晕厥与体检者年龄、抽血体位、抽血时间和心理状态密切相关,在抽血过程中应特别关注这些因素并做好相应的预防措施.     

The generation of fibrinopeptide A in clinical blood samples: evidence for thrombin activity.

Plasma fibrinopeptide A (FPA) concentrations were measured in clinical blood samples incubated in the collecting syringe for different time periods before addition to heparin and Trasylol, and the rate of in vitro generation of FPA was calculated as the mean increment in FPA concentration per minute over the linear portion of the generation curve. 36 normal individuals had a mean plasma FPA level of 0.64 +/- 0.56 pmol/ml and an FPA generation rate of less than 0.5 pmol/ml per min. Clinical samples with elevated plasma FPA levels manifested slow (less than 1 pmol/ml per min) (28 patients) or rapid FPA generation (greater than 1 pmol/ml per min) (33 patients). Slow FPA generation was found in 10/10 patients with venous thrombosis, in 4/4 with aortic aneurysm, and in several patients with acquired hypofibrinogenemia. In one such patient, addition of fibrinogen resulted in rapid FPA generation whereas thrombin addition was without effect. Rapid FPA generation was generally linear, was usually associated with slower fibrinopeptide B generation and was inhibited by parenteral or in vitro heparin. It is thought to reflect increased thrombin activity and was seen in patients with pulmonary embolism, active systemic lupus erythematosus, renal transplant rejection, and after infusion of prothrombin concentrates. The initial rate of FPA cleavage by thrombin at fibrinogen concentrations from 0.05 to 4 mg/ml showed little change between 2 and 4 mg/ml with a Km of 2.99 muM. At a fibrinogen concentration of 2.5 mg/ml the FPA cleavage rate was 49.2 +/- 1.6 nmol/ml per min per U of thrombin. Exogenous thrombin added to normal blood generated 21.7 nmol/ml per U of thrombin FPA in the first minute with a nonlinear pattern reflecting inactivation of thrombin and the presence of alternative substrates. Hence, the thrombin concentration in the blood cannot be calculated from the FPA generation rate. The FPA generation rates in clinical samples with rapid generation (1-28 pmol/ml per min) could be produced by 2 X 10(-5) to 5.6 X 10(-4) thrombin U/ml acting on purified fibrinogen at physiological conditions of pH, ionic strength, and temperature.