冬凌草甲素对LPS诱导Raw264.7巨噬细胞炎症反应的抑制作用

目的 研究冬凌草甲素对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的Raw264.7巨噬细胞炎症反应的影响.方法 选用小鼠巨噬细胞Raw264.7,CCK-8法确定冬凌草甲素作用的最适浓度;设立正常对照组、模型对照组(LPS组)、实验组(冬凌草甲素预处理+LPS组)和阳性药组(地塞米松预处理+LPS组),实时定量PCR法检测TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-10和TLR4 mRNA表达水平的改变;Western blot法检测NF-κB p65、磷酸化p65(p-p65)蛋白表达水平的改变.结果 冬凌草甲素作用于Raw264.7细胞的最佳浓度为10 μmol/L;与LPS组比较,冬凌草甲素预处理实验组Raw264.7细胞内TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6 mRNA表达水平明显下降,IL-10 mRNA表达水平明显升高,TLR4基因表达降低,NF-κB活化入核减少.结论 冬凌草甲素能下调LPS诱导的Raw264.7细胞促炎因子表达,其抗炎免疫作用机制与抑制TLR4-NF-κB信号通路的活化有关.     

枫叶黄酮抑制脂多糖诱导破骨前体细胞Raw264.7细胞激活的作用

目的 探讨枫叶黄酮对脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导破骨前体细胞Raw264.7细胞炎性因子释放的抑制作用.方法 用LPS(5 mg/mL刺激Raw264.7细胞构建炎症模型,采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝比色法(MTT)检测Raw264.7细胞的活力影响;酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测一氧化氮(N0)和前列腺素E2,PGE2表达;运用免疫荧光染色方法 检测诱导型一氧化氮合酶和环氧合酶-2,COX-2、子肿瘤坏死因子-αTNF-α和白介素-1β,IL-1β、核因子-κB,NF-κB蛋白与mRNA的表达变化.结果 不同浓度的枫叶黄酮明显抑制了LPS诱导的Row246.7细胞NO、PGE2,iNOS和COX-2,TNF-α和IL-1β与NF-κB的上调,并且.NO、PGE2、iNOS、COX-2和NF-κB蛋白的表达呈剂量依赖性.结论 枫叶黄酮可抑制LPS诱导的破骨前体细胞Raw264.7细胞iNOS、COX-2和NF-κB/P65蛋白表达和炎性因子释放从而抑制破骨细胞的激活.     

黄芩抗内毒素活性物质的分离提取与活性研究

目的 从黄芩中提取具有拮抗内毒素(LPS)活性的物质.方法 采用大孔吸附树脂和高效液相色谱(HPLC)等技术将黄芩水提物分离成若干组分,应用生物传感器技术检测各组分与LPS的活性中心Lipid A的结合活性,动态比浊法鲎试验检测各组分(2.0 mg/L)对LPS(02 μg/L)的中和作用,籍此筛选出活性组分;逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)检测所筛组分对LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞的Toll样受体4(TLR4)mRNA表达的影响,ELISA法检测所筛组分对LPS(100 μg/L)刺激的RAW264.7细胞释放肿瘤坏死因子的影响.结果 获得5种HPLC产物S3K1～5,其中S3K1与Lipid A结合活性最高,S3K1(2.0 mg/L)可显著抑制LPS(0.2 μg/L)介导的鲎试剂的凝结反应(P<0.05);以LPS(100 μg/L)刺激RAW264.7细胞,其TLR4 mRNA表达增强,给予40、80、160 mg/L的S3K1预处理后能减弱LPS诱导RAW264.7细胞的TLR4 mRNA表达(P<0.05);单纯LPS刺激RAW264.7细胞释放的TNF-α为(1 757.61±207.25)ng/L(对照组),给予40、80、160 mg/L的S3K1预处理后TNF-α浓度依次为(1324.53±149.73)、(893.87±140.77)、(799.97±124.21) ng/L,随S3K1剂量递增而减低,均显著低于对照组(P<0.05).结论 从黄芩中提取到具有拮抗LPS活性的组分S3K1,S3K1在体外对LPS具有一定的中和作用,可抑制LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞的,TLR4 mRNA表达,进而抑制LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞活化.     

桦褐孔菌多糖对脂多糖刺激小鼠巨噬细胞促炎性细胞因子表达的影响

[目的]观察桦褐孔菌多糖对脂多糖(LPS)刺激小鼠巨噬细胞株Raw264.7细胞与小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞促炎性细胞因子表达的影响.[方法]利用桦褐孔菌多糖(40mg/L)处理被LPS(100μg/L)刺激的Raw264.7细胞株和小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,采用半定量RT-PCR方法测定促炎性细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α和白细胞介素(IL)-1βmRNA的表达;采用ELISA法测定TNF-α和IL-1β水平.[结果]与给予LPS刺激相比较,给予桦褐孔菌多糖和LPS同时刺激的Raw264.7细胞株和小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞促炎性细胞因子TNF-α和IL-1βmRNA表达水平均明显降低(P<0.05);给予桦褐孔菌多糖和LPS同时刺激的Raw264.7细胞株在48 h后与只给予LPS刺激相比较,细胞所分泌的促炎性细胞因子TNF-α和IL-1β水平均明显下降(P<0.05).[结论]桦褐孔菌多糖对LPS刺激Raw264.7细胞株和小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞促炎性细胞因子TNF-α和IL-1βmRNA表达水平及Raw264.7细胞株促炎性细胞因子TNF-α和IL-1β的分泌均有抑制作用.     

2',5,6',7-四羟基二氢黄酮醇对内毒素刺激巨噬细胞ST2 mRNA表达的影响

目的检测2’,5,6’,7-四羟基二氢黄酮醇（THF）对内毒素（LPS）刺激巨噬细胞ST2 mRNA表达的影响。方法采用逆转录聚合酶链式反应（RT-PCR）分别检测不同浓度LPS刺激对RAW264.7细胞ST2 mRNA表达的影响及不同浓度THF对100μg/LLPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞ST2 mRNA表达的影响。结果LPS（10、100、1000μg/L）可显著上调RAW264.7细胞ST2 mRNA的表达,依LPS浓度升高ST2 mRNA表达增强,呈剂量-效应关系;而以20～160mg/LTHF干预后,则可显著下调LPS（100μg/L）上调的ST2 mRNA表达。结论THF可在基因水平上拮抗LPS对巨噬细胞ST2 mRNA表达的诱导效应。     

原花青素抑制脂多糖诱导的RAW264.7细胞PGE_2生成的机制

目的：观察原花青素对脂多糖诱导RAW264.7细胞PGE2生成的影响及其作用机制。方法：放射免疫法（RIA）检测原花青素对脂多糖诱导的RAW264.7细胞PGE2生成的影响;LPS诱导RAW264.7细胞9h,再加不同浓度原花青素作用30min,放射免疫（RIA）法检测原花青素对COx-2酶活性的影响;半定量逆转录-聚合酶联反应（RT-PCR）法检测原花青素对COx-2 mRNA表达的影响;提取核蛋白,蛋白免疫印迹（western blot）法检测原花青素对NF-κB/p65蛋白表达的影响;电泳迁移率变动分析（EMSA）法检测原花青素对NF-κB与DNA结合活性的影响。结果：0.8,4和20mg·L-1原花青素抑制LPS诱导RAW264.7细胞PGE2生成;0.8,4和20mg·L-1原花青素不影响LPS诱导RAW264.7细胞COx-2酶活性;0.8,4和20mg·L-1原花青素下调LPS诱导RAW264.7细胞COx-2 mRNA表达;4,20mg·L-1原花青素下调LPS诱导RAW264.7细胞NF-κB/p65蛋白表达;0.8,4和20mg·L-1的原花青素可明显降低LPS诱导下RAW264.7细胞的NF—κB活化。结论：原花青素显著抑制LPS诱导RAW264．7细胞PGE2生成的作用与原花青素抑制COx-2 mRNA表达有关,此作用可能是通过抑制NF—κB／p65蛋白表达和抑制NF-κB的DNA结合活性来实现。     

可溶性糖基化终末产物受体对缺血再灌注泛素-26S蛋白酶体系统活性的影响

【目的】建立动物心脏缺血再灌注模型,观察缺血再灌注模型中泛素-26 S蛋白酶体系统活性及总泛素蛋白表达的变化,检测s RAGE对缺血再灌注泛素-26 S蛋白酶体系统活性及总泛素蛋白表达的影响。【方法】复制C57BL/6J小鼠心脏缺血再灌注模型,Evans blue/2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride(TTC)双染色检测心肌缺血范围;检测泛素-26 S蛋白酶体系统活性:糜蛋白酶样、半胱天冬酶样、胰蛋白酶样;通过Western blotting检测总泛素蛋白的表达。【结果】与假手术组比较,缺血再灌注组梗死区面积/危险区面积%明显增加(I/R:36.3%±2.3%vs.Sham:0%),泛素-26 S蛋白酶体系统活性明显降低(半胱天冬酶样:0.74±0.04 vs.1.00±0.07;胰蛋白酶样:0.61±0.05 vs.1.00±0.02;糜蛋白酶样:0.63±0.06 vs.1.00±0.07),总泛素蛋白表达水平明显升高(2.73±0.14 vs.1.00±0.05);与缺血再灌注组比较,s RAGE预处理能够明显降低梗死区面积/危险区面积%(I/R+s RAGE:18.0%±1.1%vs.I/R:36.3%±2.3%),明显升高缺血再灌注的泛素-26 S蛋白酶体系统活性(半胱天冬酶样:1.25±0.09vs.0.74±0.04;胰蛋白酶样:1.05±0.06 vs.0.61±0.05;糜蛋白酶样:1.12±0.06 vs.0.63±0.06),同时明显抑制缺血再灌注诱导的总泛素蛋白表达水平(2.17±0.09 vs.2.73±0.14)。【结论】s RAGE能够抑制缺血再灌注诱导的泛素-26 S蛋白酶体系统活性降低及总泛素蛋白表达的增加。     

TRIM21促进T淋巴细胞凋亡的分子机制及临床应用价值分析

目的 探讨E3连接酶TRIM21在anti-Fas诱导的T淋巴细胞凋亡中的作用及其分子机制,为评价TRIM21在临床上的应用奠定基础.方法 构建TRIM21真核表达载体,设计TRIM21干扰片段,分别将它们过度表达于Jurkat T淋巴细胞中.将流式细胞仪分选的阳性细胞分为空载无药物组、空载药物处理组(anti-Fas 20 ng/mL处理3 h)、TRIM21无药物组和TRIM21药物处理组(anti-Fas 20 ng/mL处理3 h)分别进行药物处理,将转入对照双链小干扰RNA(siRNA)与TRIM21 siRNA的Jurkat T淋巴细胞分为对照siRNA无药物组、对照siRNA药物处理组(anti-Fas 20 ng/mL处理3 h)、TRIM21 siRNA无药物组和TRIM21 siRNA药物处理组(anti-Fas 20 ng/mL处理3 h),并采用Annexin V/碘化丙啶双染法测定Jurkat T淋巴细胞的凋亡率.将分选Jurkat T淋巴细胞分为空载组和TRIM21过表达组,分别采用蛋白质免疫印迹法与实时定量聚合酶链反应检测TRIM21过度表达对抗凋亡蛋白c-FLICE抑制蛋白(FLIP)的蛋白质及mRNA水平表达的影响.结果 空载药物处理组的Jurkat T淋巴细胞凋亡率显著高于空载无药物组(P＜0.001),TRIM21药物处理组的Jurkat T淋巴细胞凋亡率显著高于TRIM21无药物组(P＜0.001).对照siRNA药物处理组的JurkatT淋巴细胞凋亡率显著高于对照siRNA无药物组(P＜0.001),但TRIM21 siRNA药物处理组的Jurkat T淋巴细胞凋亡率大大降低,显著低于对照siRNA药物处理组(P＜0.001).以空载组的c-FLIP(L)蛋白质表达量为100％,TRIM21过表达组则为(31.25±0.25)％.以空载组的c-FLIP(L) mRNA表达量为100％,TRIM21过表达组则为(25.60±3.33)％.结论 TRIM21能抑制抗凋亡蛋白c-FLIP的表达,增强T淋巴细胞对Fas诱导细胞凋亡的敏感性.     

凝集素样氧化型低密度脂蛋白受体-1在C反应蛋白诱导人脐静脉内皮细胞组织因子表达中的作用

目的研究凝集素样氧化型低密度脂蛋白受体-1(lectin-type oxidized LDL receptor1,LOX-1)在C-反应蛋白(c-reactive protein,CRP)诱导人脐静脉内皮细胞(human umbilical vein endothelial cells,HUVECs)组织因子(tissue factor,TF)表达中的作用。方法用人重组质粒pTracer CMV2-CRP转染HUVECs细胞,分正常对照组、空质粒GFP组和CRP-GFP组(n=3),RT-PCR、Western blot检测TF、LOX-1 mRNA和蛋白表达。Western blot检测各组P-ERK1/2、T-ERK1/2、P-JNK、T-JNK蛋白表达。CRP-GFP组分别加LOX-1阻断剂、ERK1/2阻断剂(U0126)、JNK阻断剂(SP600125),Westernblot检测TF蛋白。结果用表达人CRP的质粒转染HUVECs显著增加LOX-1 mRNA和蛋白表达[(0.70±0.03)vs(0.24±0.01),(0.661 6±0.020 0)vs(0.255 8±0.040 0),P<0.05]、TF的mRNA和蛋白表达[(0.442±0.040)vs(0.146 0±0.030 0),(0.727 4±0.020 0)vs(0.217 4±0.020 0),P<0.05]。CRP启动了ERK1/2 MAPK,未启动JNKMAPK。CRP上调TF表达被ERK1/2阻断剂而非JNK阻断剂阻断.抗LOX-1的中和抗体显著减少CRP诱导的TF mRNA和蛋白表达[(0.264 0±0.030 0)vs(0.442 0±0.040 0),(0.324 4±0.040 0)vs(0.727 4±0.020 0),P<0.05]。结论CRP诱导HUVECs细胞LOX-1表达上调,并通过LOX-1受体这一新途径上调TF表达,且CRP通过ERK1/2 MAPK信号途径非JNK MAPK途径上调了HUVEC细胞TF的表达。     

人肺泡上皮细胞A549中细胞间粘附分子1的siRNA构建探讨

【摘要】〓目的〓构建A549细胞中细胞间粘附分子 1（ICAM 1）的小干扰RNA,探讨ICAM 1特异性siRNA能否抑制LPS诱导A549细胞ICAM 1的表达。方法〓采用化学合成法构建A549细胞ICAM 1的小干扰RNA。LPS诱导A549细胞ICAM 1表达,用RT PCR和流式细胞仪分别从mRNA和蛋白水平检测ICAM 1的表达。使用阳离子脂质体Lipofectamin2000转染 ICAM 1siRNA到A549细胞,再用LPS刺激A549细胞,RT PCR和流式细胞仪分别检测RNA干扰A549细胞后ICAM 1的mRNA和蛋白表达。结果〓LPS可以诱导A549细胞ICAM 1的表达,但LPS浓度过大损伤细胞。10 ng/ml的LPS组和100 ng/ml的LPS组OD值相比,两组OD值之间差异有显著性(P ＜0001)。10 ng/ml的LPS作用A549细胞8 h左右,细胞无明显损伤;10 ng/ml LPS作用A549细胞1h后,ICAM 1 mRNA的表达上调（P ＜005）,而ICAM 1蛋白水平增加不明显;10 ng/ml LPS作用A549细胞4h后,ICAM 1 mRNA表达水平明显增加（P ＜005）,ICAM 1蛋白水平也增加明显。通过化学合成法构建ICAM 1的siRNA,筛选出最优siRNA。转染 ICAM 1siRNA后,LPS刺激A549细胞的ICAM 1的mRNA和蛋白表达水平增加不明显。结论〓通过化学合成法构建的ICAM 1siRNA,可以有效地干扰ICAM 1的表达,ICAM 1siRNA降低了LPS诱导的ICAM 1的表达。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.