类鼻疽杆菌Ⅲ型分泌系统BPSS1395蛋白表达及其抗体制备与鉴定

目的 重组表达类鼻疽杆菌Ⅲ型分泌系统蛋白BPSS1395,利用其抗体检测该蛋白在细菌中的分布.方法 以pET-22b为表达系统,采用DNA重组技术在大肠杆菌中表达BPSS1395蛋白;用纯化重组蛋白免疫新西兰大白兔,Western blot及ELISA法鉴定其免疫学性质;以制备的抗血清Western blot分析该蛋白的亚细胞定位.结果 从类鼻疽杆菌BPC006株基因组DNA中PCR得到了BPSS1395目的基因,并成功构建pET-22b-BPSS1395重组质粒,转化到E.coli宿主菌BL21(DE3)经IPTG诱导表达、纯化得到了相对分子质量为32×103的高纯度BPSS1395蛋白,制备的兔抗血清ELISA效价均高达1:1280000,并能与目的蛋白发生特异性抗原抗体反应.亚细胞分离后BPSS1395在类鼻疽杆菌中主要定位于细胞质.结论 重组表达了具有生物活性的BPSS1395蛋白,制备了其特异性多克隆抗体,证明了该蛋白定位于细胞质.     

H5N1亚型禽流感病毒NS1蛋白多克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

目的获取H5N1亚型禽流感病毒NS1蛋白的多克隆抗血清,制备NS1蛋白的多克隆抗体。方法利用异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导表达融合蛋白GST-NS1,采用Glutathione-sepharose 4B亲和层析纯化融合蛋白。纯化的GST-NS1蛋白以不同剂量皮下注射免疫BALB/c小鼠,收集抗血清,采用Protein A-sepharose和CNBr-sepharose 4B亲和层析从抗血清中纯化抗NS1蛋白的多克隆抗体。Western blot和免疫荧光法鉴定多克隆抗体的特异性,酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测抗体的效价。结果 SDS-PAGE结果表明,融合蛋白GST-NS1以可溶形式表达,诱导4 h的表达量占细菌可溶性蛋白的32.6%,融合蛋白的纯度达到90%以上。Western blot分析显示,亲和层析制备的多克隆抗体对NS1蛋白具有高度特异性。ELISA结果表明,皮下注射25、50、100μg GST-NS1融合蛋白的BALB/c小鼠血清光密度D(450)值均明显增高(P<0.01),其滴度达到1∶3 200。免疫荧光观察到病毒感染的A549细胞中,有内源性NS1蛋白的表达。结论成功地从抗血清中制备出NS1蛋白的多克隆抗体,制备的抗体具有高度特异性。     

Myosin-Vc特异性片段的原核表达及其抗血清的制备

目的 原核表达Myosin-Vc(Myo5c)蛋白并纯化,制备小鼠、家兔多克隆抗体,为探索MyoSc在病毒感染中的作用提供研究工具.方法 采用RT-PCR方法从人胃粘膜组织中克隆编码Myo5c特异性蛋白的基因片段,构建该片段与6×His标签的融合蛋白表达质粒pQE-31/Myo5c,原核表达与蛋白纯化后,分别免疫BALB/c小鼠和新西兰兔,制备Myo5c抗血清.采用ELISA检测抗体效价,Western blot和间接免疫荧光染色检验抗体特异性.结果 获得Myo5c特异性片段约42×103的纯化蛋白.ELISA检测小鼠和家兔抗血清效价分别为1:12 800、1:6 400.Western blot和间接免疫荧光染色显示所制备的抗体能特异性识别Myo5c.结论 获得Myo5c特异性蛋白,并成功地制备了Myo5c特异性的小鼠和家兔抗血清.     

利用DNA免疫技术制备抗登革2型病毒NS2B蛋白多克隆抗体

目的构建登革2型病毒(dengue virus serotype2,DV2)非结构蛋白NS2B的真核表达质粒pCAGGS-P7/NS2B,进行DNA免疫,制备小鼠抗NS2B特异性多克隆抗体。方法PCR扩增DV2-NS2B基因片段,构建真核表达载体pCAGGS-P7/NS2B,采用脂质体介导的方法转染Vero细胞,检测目标蛋白的表达。用该表达质粒免疫BALB/c小鼠,制备抗NS2B抗血清。结果成功构建真核表达重组质粒pCAGGS-P7/NS2B,该重组质粒具有良好的免疫原性,免疫小鼠后所获的抗血清,抗体效价达1∶3200,Western blot和间接免疫荧光证实抗血清能特异性地识别DV2-NS2B蛋白。结论通过DNA免疫所制备小鼠抗DV2-NS2B抗血清能特异性地识别DV2-NS2B蛋白。     

沙眼衣原体主要外膜蛋白21-387的原核表达及其免疫原性

目的:探讨沙眼衣原体(Ct)E血清型主要外膜蛋白(MOMP21-387)的原核表达及其免疫原性。方法:利用PCR方法扩增Ct E血清型MOMP第21至第387氨基酸的基因序列,克隆至p ET21a(+)原核表达载体构建重组质粒p ET21a(+)/MOMP21-387,并进行原核表达和纯化,经SDS-PAGE和Western blot法分析鉴定后,通过BALB/c小鼠免疫检测MOMP21-387蛋白的免疫原性,即通过ELISA法检测小鼠血清Ig G和生殖道分泌物Ig A抗体反应,乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)法检测其脾细胞的特异性杀伤作用。结果:在原核表达系统成功表达了MOMP21-387融合蛋白,经SDS-PAGE及Western blot法鉴定在相对分子质量(Mr)约44 000处出现特异性条带;并经NiNTA亲和层析的方法获得了纯化的MOMP21-387融合蛋白,免疫BALB/c小鼠可诱导产生特异性血清Ig G抗体和生殖道分泌物Ig A抗体,至第6周达到高峰,MOMP21-387组的Ig G和Ig A抗体较PBS组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);LDH检测结果显示,MOMP21-387组小鼠脾细胞对靶细胞的杀伤率,在10:1、20:1和40:1和80:1时均明显高于PBS组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:Ct E型MOMP21-387融合蛋白具有良好的免疫原性,为基于MOMP21-387的Ct的ELISA法检测方法的开发和疫苗研究奠定了基础。     

金黄色葡萄球菌富丝氨酸重复蛋白SraPL⁃Lectin特异性抗体的制备及其功能分析

目的：制备金黄色葡萄球菌富丝氨酸重复蛋白SraPL?Lectin单克隆抗体,并分析其体外功能。方法：以USA300基因组为模板,PCR扩增SraPL?Lectin基因序列,克隆到pET28a表达载体中,0.1 mmol/L IPTG 25 ℃诱导6 h,镍柱亲和层析纯化SraPL?Lectin?His蛋白。以纯化的SraPL?Lectin?His重组蛋白为抗原免疫Balb/c小鼠,采用常规融合技术制备杂交瘤细胞,间接ELISA法、Western blot法筛选和鉴定阳性杂交瘤细胞株。扩大培养阳性细胞株后注射小鼠腹腔,收集腹水,经Protein G柱纯化anti?SraPL?Lectin单克隆抗体。以不同终浓度的单克隆抗体预先孵育A549细胞和注射小鼠腹腔,涂板计数单克隆抗体阻断细菌黏附、侵入和感染的能力。结果：成功构建了SraPL?Lectin?pET28a重组表达载体,经镍柱纯化后获得高纯度的重组蛋白,获得稳定分泌单克隆抗体的细胞株,小鼠腹水经Protein G柱纯化后获得纯度高达95%以上的特异性抗体,效价1∶32万。终浓度100 ng/mL单克隆抗体预先孵育A549细胞2 h,能够显著降低金黄色葡萄球菌对A549细胞的黏附和侵入。提前1 d向小鼠腹腔注射1 μg anti?SraPL?Lectin单克隆抗体,能够显著降低小鼠血液中的金黄色葡萄球菌数量。结论：本研究制备的anti?SraPL?Lectin单克隆抗体能够阻断金黄色葡萄球菌对宿主细胞的黏附和侵入,为将SraPL?Lectin作为防控金黄色葡萄球菌感染药物靶点的研发奠定了基础。     

铜绿假单胞菌外膜蛋白F与HSV-1VP22融合DNA疫苗的构建与表达

目的:构建铜绿假单胞菌外膜蛋白F与Ⅰ型单纯疱疹病毒(herpes simplex virus 1,HSV-1) VP22融合表达的DNA疫苗,并研究其在真核细胞中的表达情况.方法: 构建重组质粒 pVAX1-OprF、 pVAX1-VP22、 pVAX1-VP22-OprF、 pVAX1-OprF-VP22.原核表达VP22 的碳端蛋白,以电洗脱的方法得到纯化蛋白,免疫BALB/c小鼠,制备VP22蛋白的抗血清,West-ern blot鉴定抗体特异性.最后,以脂质体法将重组质粒转染真核细胞,利用Western blot检测其在真核细胞中的表达情况.结果: 成功制备了抗VP22的抗血清,重组质粒在真核细胞中得到了表达.结论: 铜绿假单胞菌OprF与 HSV-1VP22融合表达的重组质粒能够在真核细胞中表达,这为进一步的动物实验打下了基础.     

泡球蚴Em18多克隆抗血清的制备和鉴定

目的：制备和鉴定泡球蚴Em18抗原的多克隆抗血清.方法： 利用大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）表达重组质粒pET41a-Em18,经异丙基硫代-β-D-半乳糖苷（IPTG）诱导、表达和纯化rEm18-GST蛋白,免疫BALB/c小鼠,制备鼠源抗Em18多克隆抗体,采用ELISA和Western blot法鉴定其特异性.结果： （1）SDS-PAGE检测表明,rEm18-GST蛋白得到成功表达,在相对分子量为50 kDa处有表达条带.（2）纯化后获得高纯度的rEm18-GST蛋白.（3）ELISA结果表明,抗Em18抗血清的抗体滴度为1∶25 600;Western blot结果表明抗Em18抗血清能与rEm18-GST蛋白发生特异性结合.结论： 获得了特异性识别rEm18-GST蛋白的多克隆抗体,为进一步筛选Em18模拟抗原表位奠定基础.     

EBI3蛋白基因克隆、表达及其初步鉴定

目的 进一步研究EB病毒诱导基因3(EBI3)蛋白在病原生物感染宿主中的功能,探讨原核表达小鼠EBI3蛋白并初步鉴定.方法 收集日本血吸虫感染的C57/BL6小鼠脾细胞后提取总RNA,利用所合成引物经RT-PCR获得EBI3的cDNA,将该基因亚克隆入原核表达载体pET32a(+) ,转化至大肠埃希菌(E.coli)BL21株, 经异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导表达,对包涵体进行变性、纯化和复性后获得可溶性的小鼠重组EBI3蛋白,用Western blot对其鉴定.用纯化的重组蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠获取血清,经饱和硫酸铵法和DEAE-Sephadex A-50柱纯化得到抗小鼠重组EBI3蛋白多克隆抗体,ELISA检测其免疫活性.结果 基因工程获得目的 蛋白变性复性成功后经Western blot鉴定证实为小鼠重组EBI3蛋白,免疫小鼠后取血清,分离纯化获得抗小鼠重组EBI3蛋白多克隆抗体,ELISA结果表明该蛋白具有免疫原性.结论 成功地表达了小鼠重组EBI3蛋白,并制备了抗小鼠重组EBI3蛋白多克隆抗体,为进一步研究EBI3蛋白在病原生物感染宿主中的功能奠定了基础.     

真核重组质粒pEGFP-FcγRIIb在NIH3T3细胞及BALB/c小鼠体内的表达

目的观察真核重组质粒pEGFP-FcγRIIb在真核细胞NIH3T3及BALB/c小鼠体内的表达,为后续的体内研究奠定基础。方法采用脂质体法将重组质粒pEGFP-FcγRIIb转染到NIH3T3中,G418筛选3周后,采用Western blot方法鉴定稳定表达的产物。进一步将重组质粒注射入BALB/c小鼠肌肉中,用Western blot及免疫组织化学法检测人FcγRIIB的表达情况。结果转染重组质粒pEGFP-FcγRIIb的NIH3T3细胞及注射重组质粒的小鼠肌肉中表达了人的FcγRIIB蛋白,分子量约为37kDa。结论成功获得了真核重组质粒pEGFP-FcγRIIb在NIH3T3及BALB/c小鼠体内的表达,为进一步研究FcγRIIB的功能奠定了基础。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.