下行性强直性脊柱炎1例

患者女性，60岁，以右上肢及左下肢肌肉萎缩无力伴疼痛4a近期加重就诊，摄颈椎正侧双斜位片，观察颈椎椎间孔情况，拍片过程中，发现患者为驼背，颈部抬起困难。于是加照胸、腰椎正侧位及骨盆正位。     

青年人下颈椎不稳症临床与X线影像分析

目的 认识青年人下颈椎不稳(无骨质异常)的临床与影像表现。方法 对下颈椎不稳症21例均采用正侧双斜位及摄X线动态颈椎侧位过曲过伸片。结果 21例动态颈椎侧位过曲过伸片椎体均有不同程度的移位，均大于2mm，多见于C3，C4，C5。结论 有临床症状的青年人动态颈椎侧位过曲过伸片可提示或明确本病的诊断。     

颈椎生理曲度改变的X线表现及其临床意义

目的 分析颈椎生理曲度改变的X线表现及其临床意义.方法 125例临床怀疑颈椎生理曲度异常的病例均摄颈椎正侧位、双斜位片,摄片时患者头颈部体位为立位听鼻线平行于水平面.在颈椎侧位片上测量椎体前缘序列弧线的弧弦距.结果 在125例中,颈椎生理曲度轻度变直见于76例（60.8%）,颈椎生理曲度明显变直或消失32例（25.6%）,颈椎生理曲度呈节段性向后凸出13例（10.4%）,以及颈椎椎体间发生局限性偏移或错位4例（3.2%）.结论 颈椎生理曲度改变的X线表现,在排除外伤等其他因素后,可提示颈椎病的诊断.     

透视下颈椎开口位及双斜位点片摄影方法体会

我院中医理疗科自2003年对颈椎关节病引起的眩晕症，依据颈椎张口位，双斜位的影像改变，采用正骨加穴位疗法，收到良好效果，为更好的提高颈椎开口位及双斜位的影像质量，投照成功率，减少废片，我科采用透视下点片投照颈椎开口位及双斜位，收到良好效果，现介绍如下。     

正常颈部钩椎关节X线分析

颈钩椎关节邻近重要的血管和神经,钩突的病变可出现一系列有关的血管和神经症状,钩突的改变在Ｘ线平片可清晰显示,因此对钩突关节Ｘ线表现有必要进行研究。资料与方法本组４０例患者中男２６例,女１４例,年龄为１８～７０岁。４０例正常成人颈椎,皆无任何颈部症状,无颈部外伤史。各拍颈椎正侧及斜位照片。机器：使用日本岛津１０００ＭＡ,ＲＳＺ—２００型Ｘ光机。距离：用点片摄影,１１０ｃｍ距离投照。摄片用正位,侧位及斜位,立位摄影。测量方法;（１）位置的选择：正、侧及斜位照片对比观察,正位像由于斜射线的关系,中心（…     

跟骨双45°斜轴位DR摄片在跟骨骨折中的诊断价值

目的：探讨跟骨双45°斜轴位DR摄片在跟骨骨折中的诊断价值。方法：对52例跟踝部外伤患者分别行足部正位和斜位、跟骨侧位和轴位DR摄片及跟骨双45°斜轴位DR片,取得跟骨不同部位骨质图像,进行对比分析。结果：52例跟踝部外伤患者经X线片或CT检查发现证实跟骨骨折46例,其中足部正斜位发现跟骨骨折21例;跟骨侧轴位片共发现骨折30例;跟骨侧轴位加双45°斜轴位摄片发现跟骨骨折42例,与跟骨侧轴位片相比,分别多发现跟骨前突骨折3例及跟骨结节内外侧突骨折6例。各个摄片方法对跟骨骨折的显示率分别为45%、65%和91%。结论：跟骨侧轴位加拍双侧45°斜轴位DR摄片能明显提高跟骨骨折诊断率,尤其是对跟骨结节内外侧突及跟骨前部近跟距关节处骨折具有较高的诊断价值。     

环椎沟桥28例报告

环椎沟桥在教书中很少有详细记载,笔者收集1982年至1986年6月间,摄有颈椎侧位及左右斜位片500例中有28例,占5.6％。 临床资料 28例环椎沟桥中,女性9例,男性19例,男:女为2.4:1。39岁以下2例,40—49岁7例;50—59岁17     

摄片架附加旋转式角度盘用于各种侧、斜位的投照

我们从一九七八年开始,在摄片架底座上安裝了一个旋转式角度盘,用于常规的颈椎,胸部侧位及左、右前斜位片。同时,对任何站立位需旋转角度的摄片均可采用此盘。 由于改用了角度盘,使我们收益不浅。尤其对体位的     

16层螺旋CT诊断颈椎单侧及双侧椎小关节脱位12例

颈椎椎小关节脱位可分为单侧性及双侧性两类,是导致脊髓损伤的潜在性危险之一,尤其是双侧性椎小关节脱位。颈椎正侧位、张口位及双斜位片可使60％以上颈椎椎小关节脱位漏诊,也不能完全地鉴别损伤类型。     

舌骨骨折1例

<正>男,45岁,头颈部外伤并头、颈部疼痛3d。查体:颈部活动稍受限,下颌关节活动正常,左侧颌下轻压痛。影像学检查:颈椎侧位片未见明显异常。半月后上述症状无明显改善,后改用口腔曲面断层片检查,显示下颌骨结构完整、无骨折征象,下颌关节间隙正常,但舌骨左侧大角折断,两折端成角,且有轻度分离(见图1);加摄颈椎侧斜位片则清晰显示舌骨左大角骨折(见图2)。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.