惊厥患儿外周血单个核细胞核因子-κB表达和血清可溶性白细胞介素2受体及抗心磷脂抗体的变化

目的 探讨惊厥患儿外周血单个核细胞核因子(NF)-κB和血清可溶性白细胞介素2受体(SIL-2R)水平、抗心磷脂抗体(ACA)阳性率的变化及临床意义.方法 选择30例高热惊厥患儿、64例癫疴患儿及38例健康儿童,采用流式细胞术检测外周血单个核细胞NF-κB表达,采用ELISA法测定血清中SIL-2R水平及ACA阳性率.结果 癫(癎)全身发作组、部分发作组、高热惊厥组患儿外周血单个核细胞NF-κB的表达率分别为22.23%±5.31%、3.58%±1.54%、2.18%±0.91%,较健康对照组(0.44%±0.25%)明显升高,差异有非常显著性(P<0.01).癫(癎)全身发作组、部分发作组、高热惊厥组血清SIL-2R水平分别为(103.08 ±37.78)ng/ml、(64.56±14.36)ng/ml、(38.36±7.93)ng/ml,均高于健康对照组(22.22 ±7.30)ng/ml,差异有非常显著性(P<0.01);各癫(癎)组高于高热惊厥组(P<0.01);全身发作组高于部分发作组(p<0.01).癫(癎)全身发作组、部分发作组、高热惊厥组血清ACA阳性率分别为33.3%、28.6%和26.7%,均高于健康对照组5.3%,差异有显著性(P<0.01,P<0.05).结论 癫(癎)和高热惊厥患儿外周血单个核细胞NF-κB表达和血清SIL-2R、ACA水平异常,可能参与其发病过程.     

惊厥患儿外周血单个核细胞核因子-κB表达和血清可溶性白细胞介素2受体及抗心磷脂抗体的变化

目的 探讨惊厥患儿外周血单个核细胞核因子(NF)-κB和血清可溶性白细胞介素2受体(SIL-2R)水平、抗心磷脂抗体(ACA)阳性率的变化及临床意义.方法 选择30例高热惊厥患儿、64例癫疴患儿及38例健康儿童,采用流式细胞术检测外周血单个核细胞NF-κB表达,采用ELISA法测定血清中SIL-2R水平及ACA阳性率.结果 癫(癎)全身发作组、部分发作组、高热惊厥组患儿外周血单个核细胞NF-κB的表达率分别为22.23%±5.31%、3.58%±1.54%、2.18%±0.91%,较健康对照组(0.44%±0.25%)明显升高,差异有非常显著性(P<0.01).癫(癎)全身发作组、部分发作组、高热惊厥组血清SIL-2R水平分别为(103.08 ±37.78)ng/ml、(64.56±14.36)ng/ml、(38.36±7.93)ng/ml,均高于健康对照组(22.22 ±7.30)ng/ml,差异有非常显著性(P<0.01);各癫(癎)组高于高热惊厥组(P<0.01);全身发作组高于部分发作组(p<0.01).癫(癎)全身发作组、部分发作组、高热惊厥组血清ACA阳性率分别为33.3%、28.6%和26.7%,均高于健康对照组5.3%,差异有显著性(P<0.01,P<0.05).结论 癫(癎)和高热惊厥患儿外周血单个核细胞NF-κB表达和血清SIL-2R、ACA水平异常,可能参与其发病过程.     

癫癎患儿外周血单个核细胞NF-κb活化的变化

目的：探讨癫癎患儿外周血单个核细胞中核因子κB(nuclear factor-kappa B, NF-κB)活化的变化及其临床意义。方法：采用流式细胞学方法检测84例癫癎患儿治疗前后及32例正常儿的外周血单个核细胞中NF-κB的活化情况。结果：各实验癫癎组患儿外周血单个核细胞中NF-κB的活化均明显高于健康对照组（P<0.05,或<0.01）,差异具有显著性意义;全身发作组和分类不明组的癫癎患儿外周血单个核细胞中NF-κB的活化明显高于部分发作组（P<0.01）,且全身发作组高于分类不明组（P<0.05）。癫癎患儿部分发作组、全身发作组及分类不明组在治疗后外周血单个核细胞中NF-κB的活化明显降低（P<0.01）,差异具有极其显著性意义。结论：癫癎发作患儿外周血单个核细胞NF-κB的激活是增加的,与发作的严重程度呈正相关。［中国当代儿科杂志,2009,11（1）：44-46］     

不同发作类型癫(癎)患儿血清抗心磷脂抗体变化及临床意义

目的 探讨不同发作类型癫(癎)患儿血清抗心磷脂抗体水平的变化及其临床意义.方法 采用ELISA法检测84例癫(癎)患儿治疗前后及38例正常儿童血清抗心磷脂抗体水平.结果 健康对照组、部分发作组、全身发作组及分类不明发作组血清抗心磷脂抗体阳性率分别为6.3%(2/32)、28.6%(8/28)、33.3%(12/36)、30.0%(6/20),各组比较差异有显著性(X2=9.98,P<0.05);部分发作组、全身发作组及分类不明发作组血清抗心磷脂抗体阳性率均明显高于健康对照组(P<0.01),癫(癎)不同发作类型组间比较差异无显著性(P>0.05).部分发作组、全身发作组及分类不明发作组癫(癎)患儿在治疗后血清抗心磷脂抗体阳性率明显降低,差异有显著性(X2=5.39,P<0.05;X2=14.40,P<0.01;X2=11.67,P<0.01).结论 癫(癎)患儿血清抗心磷脂抗体水平增加,提示癫(癎)发作中可能存在自身免疫异常;治疗后血清抗心磷脂抗体水平降低,为癫(癎)的有效防治提供重要依据.     

癫癎和热性惊厥患儿血清褪黑素水平的变化及其临床意义

目的：探讨癫癎和热性惊厥患儿血清褪黑素水平的变化及其临床意义,为褪黑素用于癫癎和热性惊厥的治疗提供依据。方法：该研究分为对照组,即上呼吸道感染发热无惊厥患儿;热性惊厥组,其中又分为单纯性热性惊厥(SFS组)和复杂性热性惊厥(CFS组);癫癎组。采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)分别测定各组血清褪黑素水平。结果：癫癎和复杂性热性惊厥患儿血清褪黑素水平分别为8.66±1.38和14.91±2.61 ng/L,均显著低于对照组的23.93±2.01 ng/L,差异有显著性(P<0.01),单纯性热性惊厥患儿血清褪黑素水平为20.72±2.54 ng/L,低于对照组,但差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);癫癎患儿血清褪黑素水平明显低于热性惊厥患儿,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论：癫癎和复杂性热性惊厥患儿血清褪黑素水平降低。补充外源性褪黑素可能是治疗儿童癫癎和热性惊厥的一个新途径。［中国当代儿科杂志,2009,11（4）：288-290］     

核因子-κB及血清降钙素原与新生儿败血症相关性研究

目的探讨核因子-κB(NF-κB)及血清降钙素原(PCT)与新生儿败血症的关系。方法选择我科2008年10月至2010年10月住院的败血症新生儿为败血症组,血培养阴性、确诊感染的病例为普通感染组,同期收住的非感染性疾病新生儿20例为对照组。败血症组患儿分别于入院时和入院后7天,普通感染组和对照组于入院时采集静脉血检测外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)中NF-κB表达和血清PCT水平,所得数值进行组间比较。结果败血症组(29例)NF-κB表达及PCT水平在入院时明显高于入院后7天、普通感染组(26例)及对照组[NF-κB:(19.1±2.4)%比(6.9±2.0)%、(12.7±2.7)%、(4.8±2.1)%,PCT:(20.0±3.0)ng/ml比(1.8±2.1)ng/ml、(11.8±4.1)ng/ml、1.7±0.7)ng/ml,P均<0.05];普通感染组高于对照组和败血症组入院后7天,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);对照组与败血症组入院后7天比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 NF-κB和PCT是早期诊断新生儿败血症较好的实验室指标,动态监测其变化可以判断临床疗效。     

癫(癎)患儿的免疫状态

目的 研究癫(癎)患儿的免疫状态.方法 采用单向琼脂扩散法测定癫(癎)患儿(癫(癎)组)、高热惊厥(FS)患儿(FS组)及健康儿童(健康对照组)血清免疫球蛋白和补体水平;采用直接免疫荧光法测定其血液T淋巴细胞(CD)比率.结果 与FS组及健康对照组比较,癫(癎)组患儿血清IgG、IgA水平下降,差异均有统计学意义(Pa<0.05);与健康对照组比较,癫(癎)组患儿血清IgM水平亦明显下降(P<0.05).与FS组及健康对照组比较,癫(癎)组患儿血CD4水平下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与健康对照组比较,癫(癎)组患儿血CD3水平亦明显下降.3组血清补体C3、C4 水平、血CD8、CD4/CD8差异均无统计学意义(Pa>0.05).结论 癫(癎)患儿存在部分免疫功能低下及免疫功能紊乱.     

难治性癫(癎)患儿多药耐药基因的表达及意义

目的 研究难治性癫(癎)(RE)患儿多药耐药基因(MDR1)的表达及其临床意义.方法 提取难治性癫(癎)患儿(n=30)、非难治性癫(癎)患儿(n=30)和正常健康儿童(n=30)外周血标本,用荧光定量PCR方法分析比较MDR1 mRNA在各组的表达.同时观察MDR1 mRNA水平与癫(癎)发作频率和应用抗癫(癎)药物(AEDs)的种类与数量关系.结果 MDR1 mRNA在难治性癫(癎)组表达明显高于非难治性癫(癎)组及正常对照组(P均<0.01);在发作次数频繁患儿明显高于发作次数较少患儿(P<0.01);在使用4种AEDs患儿明显高于使用2种及3种AEDs息儿(P<0.05).结论 血中高表达的MDR1参与了难治性癫(癎)的耐药机制,可作为判断难治性癫(癎)的客观指标.     

婴儿捂热综合征外周血单个核细胞核因子-κB活化及血清白细胞介素-17等炎症因子变化的临床意义

目的 探讨外周血单个核细胞核因子( nuclear factor,NF)-κB活化状态及血清炎症细胞因子在婴儿捂热综合征(infant muggy syndrome,IMS)中的临床意义.方法 2008年1月至2011年1月采用酶联免疫吸附法检测100例IMS患儿及32例健康儿童(对照组)外周血单个核细胞NF-κB活化率及白细胞介素( interleukin,IL)-17、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor,TNF)-α和IL-10血清水平.同时采用流式细胞法检测其中46例IMS患儿及32例对照组儿童NF-κB阳性率,并分析以上指标与多器官功能障碍综合征(multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,MODS)的关系.结果 与对照组相比,100例IMS患儿采用酶联免疫吸附法检测的NF-κB活化率[(11.042±6.792)％vs (4.528±1.378)％]及46例IMS患儿采用流式细胞法检测的NF-κB阳性率[(28.780±13.820)％ vs(7.078±5.395)％]均明显升高(P均＜0.01).IMS患儿血清IL-17、IL-6、IL-10水平均显著高于对照组(P均＜0.01),血清TNF-α水平稍高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).IMS合并MODS患儿NF-κB活化率[(14.591±7.626)％vs(8.576±4.851)％]、NF-κB阳性率[(36.087±12.056)％vs( 23.590±11.263)％]及IL-17、IL-6、TNF-α和IL-10水平均显著高于不合并MODS者(P＜0.01).结论 外周血单个核细胞NF-κB活化及血清IL-17、IL-6水平对IMS患儿的缺氧性炎症损伤起重要作用.NF-κB高度活化及IL-17、IL-6、TNF-α高度活化与IMS患儿发生MODS有关.血清IL-10水平增高未能阻止IMS患儿的缺氧性炎症损伤.     

小儿肺炎患儿血清SIL—2R活性检测与分析

采用ELISA双抗体夹心法测定62例小儿肺炎及17例正常对照组血清SIL-2R活性,结果正常对照组SIL-2R为245.88±88.75U/ml。肺炎患儿为547.58±185.44U/ml;重症肺炎为679.09±138.06U/ml,轻型肺炎为397.93±97.52U/ml,与对照组相比均显著增高(P<0.001);对18例患儿动态检测显示恢复期血清SIL-2R明显降低(P<0.01),表明肺炎患儿血清SIL-2R水平增加与疾病的严重程度及活动性有关。血清SIL-2R活性检测对本病的诊断、疗效及预后的判断有一定参考价值。     

Normal and abnormal height and weight development in children and adolescents in Krakow--changes and trends in the last thirty years

The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of height and weight disharmony in children and adolescents in Krakow, i.e. both overweight and underweight in relation to height and the trends in last thirty years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 4532 individuals -- a random sample of children and adolescents (2416 boys and 2107 girls) were examined in 2000. The results of the examination were compared with data obtain in 1971 (random sample of 4090 individuals) and with results from 1983 (random sample of 6536 individuals). Percentile position of height and weight were compared: the difference of two or more percentiles channels classified the results as overweight or underweight depending on height. THE RESULTS: Of the research prove that the frequency of occurrence of dis-harmonious body built increases with age, both with regard to overweight and underweight related to height and this phenomenon is more frequent in girls. In last thirty years a progressive increase of frequency of overweight was observed, but in girls it was noticeable and statistically significant only in 1971 -- 1983.     

Trends in perinatal and neonatal mortality and morbidity in India

Although the infant mortality rate (IMR) has reduced by 50% during the past century, it compares poorly with the advanced countries and some developing countries. The observed fall in IMR has been mostly in post-neonatal mortality, with the result that neonatal deaths now account for over 60% of all infant deaths. The overall perinatal mortality rate (PMR) in India is still over 50 per 1000 and has shown virtually no decline during the past decade, However, PMR differs widely in different states, urban/rural areas, different hospitals and so on. PMR is seen to correlate better with social development than economic development of the representative community. The causes of perinatal deaths suggest poor health of mother and poor health facilities and are hence potentially preventable. Various studies have shown that PMR can be significantly reduced within a short span of time. The registration of vital statistics continue to be highly unsatisfactory especially in rural areas.     

Bacteriuria in Pregnancy and Infection in Amniotic Fluid and Infant

Women with asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy had sterile amniotic fluid at the time of delivery.There was no evidence that maternal urinary infection was associated with infection in the infant.     

Prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents in a county in Sweden

Overweight among young people in Sweden is increasing. The aim of the present study was to investigate the frequency of overweight and obesity based on body mass index (BMI) values among children and adolescents. Overweight was defined as a BMI value > or = 91st percentile and obesity as a BMI value > 98th percentile on an international reference BMI curve. The study population included boys and girls from four age groups: 9, 12, 15 and 18 y. The data consisted of self-reported measures of height and weight that were obtained from questionnaires used in a cross-sectional study in December 1997. A validation study was performed using a part of the study population. A total of 7011 (81.7%) participants completed the questionnaire. The correlation between self-reported estimations and objective measures of height and weight was high in the oldest age groups (0.88-0.98), but lower in the 9-y-old age groups (0.37-0.72). These self-reported estimations in the 9-y-olds were excluded from further analysis. It was found that 12.3%, 11.6% and 11.4% of the boys in the 12-, 15- and 18-y-old age groups and 6.8%, 5.5% and 4.8% of the girls in the same age groups were overweight and 7.9%, 8.9% and 7.3% of the boys and 5.1%, 4.2% and 3.9% of the girls were obese. Conclusion: The prevalence of overweight and obesity was found to be high in the study population and is a serious public health problem. The prevalence of obesity was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in 15-y-old boys living in rural areas than in city and town dwellers of the same age.