5岁以上儿童5μg重组乙型肝炎疫苗(酵母)加强免疫效果评价

目的比较不同剂次重组乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(酵母)[Hepatitis B vaccine made by recombinantdeoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)techniques in polymorpha Yeast,HepB-Y]加强免疫效果,为加强免疫决策提供依据。方法选择一周岁内完成乙肝疫苗(Hepatitis B vaccine,HepB)基础免疫的5岁以上儿童1728例,采集血清,使用化学发光法检测乙肝病毒表面抗原(Hepatitis B virus surface antigen,HBsAg)、乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)、乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc),对仅抗-HBs阳性者接种5μg重组HepB-Y一剂次、抗-HBs阴性者接种三剂次,接种后1个月采血检测抗-HBs。结果加强免疫前、加强免疫一剂次和三剂次后抗-HBs阳性率分别为40.10%、94.04%、99.54%,三者两两之间抗-HBs阳性率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。抗-HBs阴性者加强免疫一剂次、三剂次后抗-HBs阳转率分别为88.50%、99.42%,二者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),加强一剂次后,各年龄组儿童抗-HBs阳转率随年龄增加呈下降趋势(P<0.05),加强三剂次后,各年龄组儿童抗-HBs阳转率与年龄未呈现相关性(P>0.05)。抗-HBs阴性者加强免疫一剂次、三剂次后几何平均滴度(geometric means of titer,GMT)分别为450.47IU/L、664.95IU/L,抗-HBs阳性者加强免疫一剂次后GMT为3 663.68IU/L。结论采用5μg重组HepB-Y对5岁以上抗-HBs阳性儿童加强免疫一剂次、对5岁以上抗-HBs阴性儿童加强免疫三剂次,免疫效果良好。     

儿童应用重组乙型肝炎疫苗(汉逊酵母)加强免疫的效果观察

目的了解儿童应用重组乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(汉逊酵母)加强免疫的效果。方法采用血清流行病学调查方法,对新生儿按0、1、6个月程序完成重组乙肝疫苗(酵母)10μg、5μg、5μg3针接种,经筛查乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)、乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc)均阴性的3~5岁儿童,加强接种重组乙肝疫苗(汉逊酵母)10μg,在免疫后5~6周采血,检测血清中抗-HBs。结果抗-HBs阳转率100%,抗体几何平均浓度809.00毫国际单位/毫升(mIU/ml)。结论儿童应用重组乙肝疫苗(汉逊酵母)加强免疫,能够刺激机体产生免疫反应,取得良好的加强免疫效果。     

儿童甲乙型肝炎联合疫苗加强免疫效果评价

目的比较甲、乙型肝炎联合疫苗(hepatitis A and hepatitis B combined vaccine,HepA and HepB)加强免疫效果,为加强免疫决策提供依据。方法选择1周岁内完成乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(hepatitis Bvaccine,HepB)基础免疫的5岁以上儿童1 387例,采集血清,使用化学发光法检测乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)、乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc)、甲肝病毒抗体(抗-HAV),对儿童接种甲乙肝联合疫苗一剂次,免后1月采血检测抗-HBs、抗-HAV。结果加强免疫前、加强免疫一剂次甲乙肝联合疫苗后,抗-HBs阳性率分别为49.32%、93.58%,抗-HAV阳性率分别为63.52%、93.08%,加强免疫前后抗-HBs阳性率和抗-HAV阳性率差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。加强免疫一剂次甲乙肝联合疫苗后,抗-HBs阳转率、抗-HAV阳转率分别为87.34%、81.03%,且5～14岁儿童抗-HBs阳转率、抗-HAV阳转率均随年龄增加呈下降趋势(P<0.05)。加强免疫一剂次甲乙肝联合疫苗后,抗-HBs、抗-HAV几何平均滴度(GMT)分别为1326.97U/L、11.11U/L。结论采用甲乙肝联合疫苗对小年龄儿童加强免疫一剂次免疫效果良好,对大年龄儿童建议增加加强免疫剂次。     

婴幼儿乙型肝炎疫苗免疫失败者再免疫的初步研究

目的：探讨按标准免疫程序接种乙型肝炎疫苗后无抗体应答的对策。方法：采用放射免疫方法（RIA）检测乙肝病毒表面抗原（HBsAg）、乙肝病毒表面抗体（抗-HBs）和乙肝病毒核心抗体（抗-HBc），对3项指标均为阴性的120例研究对象接种1-3剂乙肝疫苗，2剂间隔1个月，分别在每剂接种1个月后采血检测HBsAg、抗-HBs和抗-HBc，判断抗体应答情况。结果：再免疫1剂乙肝疫苗后抗-HBs阳转率为75.8％（S/N≥2.0）和56.7％，（S/N≥10.0）；对再免疫1剂后仍无抗体应答者（29人）又接种第2剂乙肝疫苗，1个月后又有19例抗-HBs阳转，占总数的15.8％；对再免疫2剂后仍无抗体应答者（10人）继续接种第3剂乙肝疫苗，1个月后又有8例抗-HBs阳转，占总数的6.7％。再免疫3剂后抗体应答率达到98.3％。结论：按标准免疫程序接种乙型肝炎疫苗后无抗体应答者，再免疫可以诱导-HBs阳转，且效果比较满意。     

抗-HBs阴性儿童不同乙肝疫苗加强免疫效果观察

目的评价乙肝表面抗体(抗-HBs)阴性儿童不同乙肝疫苗加强免疫后的效果。方法 2009年选择玉环县户籍5~14岁且1周岁内完成乙肝疫苗基础免疫但无乙肝疫苗加强免疫史的抗-HBs阴性儿童,分为A、B组,A组加强免疫3剂甲乙肝联合疫苗,B组加强免疫3剂10μg乙肝疫苗,于加强免疫前、加强免疫1剂后1个月和加强免疫3剂后1个月分别采血,定量检测抗-HBs水平。结果 A、B组加强免疫前平均抗-HBs浓度分别为2.80和2.51 IU/L,加强免疫1剂后1个月平均抗-HBs浓度分别为1 333.03和3 772.67 IU/L,加强免疫3剂后1个月平均抗-HBs浓度分别为1 058.44和4 891.37 IU/L。A、B组加强免疫3剂后各年龄组之间抗-HBs浓度水平差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),与加强免疫前比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),加强免疫3剂后平均抗体浓度比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对抗-HBs阴性儿童加强免疫3剂不同乙肝疫苗后效果良好,10μg乙肝疫苗效果优于甲乙肝联合疫苗。     

婴儿乙型肝炎疫苗3剂标准程序免疫失败者再免疫后的抗体应答

为了解婴儿按0、1、6个月程序接种3剂乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗后,对抗体应答低下者实施再免疫后的乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)阳转状况,在正定县7个乡选取1997年1月1日～1998年8月31日出生的婴儿,按0、1、6个月程序实施3剂乙肝疫苗免疫,于1999年5月采血检测抗-HBs、乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)和乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc),对3项指标均阴性的90例又接种了1～2剂乙肝疫苗,2剂间隔1个月,分别在每剂接种1个月后采血检测抗-HBs.结果显示再免疫1剂乙肝疫苗后1个月抗-HBs阳转率为85.6%(S/N≥2.1)和65.6%(S/N≥10.0).对再免疫1剂后仍无抗体应答者中的8例又接种了第2剂乙肝疫苗,经1个月检测抗-HBs全部阳转,其中4例抗体S/N值≥10.0;同时对再免疫1剂后抗-HBs弱阳性(S/N值2.1～9.9)者中的15例又接种了第2剂乙肝疫苗,经1个月后检测仅4例抗-HBs S/N值≥10.0,占26.7%.因此,对按3剂标准程序接种乙肝疫苗后免疫失败者再接种疫苗,可以诱导抗-HBs阳转.     

广西壮族自治区隆安县乙型肝炎疫苗全程接种后的免疫记忆研究

目的了解接种全程乙型肝炎（乙肝）疫苗后的免疫记忆情况。方法1987-1989年出生时接种乙肝血源疫苗的1201名新生儿,以及1996-1999年出生时接种乙肝酵母重组疫苗的2484名新生儿,于2005年随访时检测乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）、表面抗体（抗-HBs）和核心抗体（抗- HBc）,结果959名3项乙肝病毒（HBV）标志物均阴性,其中228名接种乙肝血源疫苗,731名接种乙肝酵母重组疫苗,于加强免疫1针乙肝酵母重组疫苗后15 d时检测其抗-HBs。此外,随机选择11名加强免疫后无应答和22名有应答者,应用酶免疫斑点法（ELISPOT）测定白细胞介素-2（IL-2）。有初次免疫后抗-HBs定量检测资料者190名,比较其初次免疫和加强免疫后抗-HBs水平。结果加强免疫后,79．82%接种乙肝血源疫苗者抗-HBs阳转,几何平均滴度（GMT）为325．69 mIU/ml;95．62%接种乙肝酵母重组疫苗者抗-HBs阳转,GMT为745．18 mIU/ml。加强免疫后所产生的抗-HBs水平与初次免疫后抗体滴度有关。加强免疫后抗-HBs阳转者的IL-2阳性率（40．91%）也高于无应答者（P＜0．01）。结论在乙肝疫苗初次免疫后,抗-HBs转阴者中,大部分仍具有免疫记忆,仅少部分在长期随访中丧失免疫记忆。因此,在高流行地区,对丧失免疫记忆者应进行乙肝疫苗加强免疫。     

潍坊市接种乙型肝炎疫苗免疫12年的流行病学效果评价

目的评价乙型肝炎（下称乙肝）疫菌的免疫效果。方法自1993年起,每年随机抽查〈15岁40-50名乙肝疫苗接种儿童,用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测接种后乙肝病毒表面抗原（HBsAg）、乙肝病毒表面抗体（抗-HBs）、乙肝病毒核心抗体（抗-HBc）;并进行免疫前后检测结果分析。结果乙肝疫苗免疫后,儿童保护性抗-HBs的阳性率为90.63%,0-15岁儿童的乙肝发病率明显下降。抽样调查〈15儿童1178人,HBsAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc阳性率分别为1.10%、71.14%、8.15%,未开展接种乙肝疫苗前的1993年抽样调查〈15儿童756人,HBsAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc阳性率分别为3.17%、12.98%、10.05%,开展接种前后HBsAg、抗-HBs阳性率差异均有统计学意义（χ^2=10.52、624.00,均P〈0.01）;加强免疫和未加强免疫儿童的抗-HBs几何平均滴度（GMT）和保护性抗-HBs的阳性率之间差异均有统计学意义（χ^2=12.35,t=4.51;均P〈0.01）。结论乙肝疫苗有较好的免疫效果,加强免疫对维持较高抗-HBs水平阳性率和GMT是有利的。     

重组(酵母)乙型肝炎疫苗免疫后5年随访结果

目的 探讨新生儿接种国产重组(酵母)乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗后的免疫效果,并与血源乙肝疫苗效果比较.方法 对1997年出生并接种重组(酵母)乙肝疫苗的新生儿隔年随访一次,采血检测乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg),乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)和乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc),1998年以后对乙肝免疫人群开展急性乙肝发病监测....     

新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗免疫16年效果观察

为研究新生儿接种血源乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗的远期效果和探究加强免疫的必要性,对上海市原南市区1986年出生时接种血源乙肝疫苗的儿童,至少隔年随访1次,采血检测乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)、乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc).结果显示16年间HBsAg阳性率在0.46%～0.98%之间,平均0.63%(95%可信区间为0.39%～0.83%),大大低于免疫前本底对照和外对照,而且无随免疫时间的延长而升高的趋势.与外对照相比,血源乙肝疫苗的远期保护效果为82.06%(95%可信区间为73.45%～91.83%).提示新生儿血源乙肝疫苗全程免疫后16年无加强免疫的必要.     

不同种类国产基因重组乙型肝炎疫苗免疫原性观察

目的评价不同种类国产基因重组乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗在不同人群中的免疫原性。方法采用血清流行病学调查方法,对不同种类国产基因重组乙肝疫苗的免疫原性进行评价。结果大学生接种不同种类国产基因重组乙肝疫苗后,乙肝病毒表面抗体阳性率为91.60%～98.72%,平均95.50%。大连汉信生物制药有限公司生产的重组乙肝疫苗(汉逊酵母)(大连疫苗)的抗体阳性率高于深圳康泰生物制品有限公司生产的重组乙肝疫苗(酵母)(康泰疫苗),四种疫苗[大连疫苗、康泰疫苗、北京天坛生物制品有限公司生产的重组乙肝疫苗(酵母)(天坛疫苗)、华北制药集团金坦生物制药有限公司生产的重组乙肝疫苗(中国仓鼠卵巢细胞)(华北疫苗)]免疫后,抗体几何平均浓度(GMC)差异有显著的统计学意义(F=36.54,P<0.05),即华北疫苗和大连疫苗免疫后抗体GMC均高于天坛疫苗和康泰疫苗,并且华北疫苗免疫后抗体GMC还高于大连疫苗。儿童乙肝疫苗加强免疫后抗体阳转率为96.60%～100.00%,平均98.31%,且加强免疫后抗体GMC差异无显著的统计学意义。结论不同种类国产基因重组乙肝疫苗应用在不同人群均能获得较好的免疫原性。成人在大剂量乙肝疫苗全程接种后,能获得较高的抗体阳转率和GMC。完成乙肝疫苗基础免疫、但抗体消失的儿童,小剂量加强免疫1针后也能获得较高的抗体阳转率和GMC,儿童体内存在良好的免疫记忆反应,一般不需要加强接种。     

2789例10岁以上儿童重组乙型肝炎疫苗加强免疫效果评价

目的 比较不同重组乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗加强免疫效果.方法 选择1周岁内完成血源乙肝疫苗基础免疫的10岁以上儿童2789例,分别接种4种国内常用的不同重组乙肝疫苗,分为A、B、C、D4组,采集血清,使用化学发光法检测HBsAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc,仅抗-HBs阳性者接种1剂次、抗-HBs阴性者接种3剂次相应疫苗,免疫1个月后采血检测抗-HBs.结果 加强免疫前、免疫1剂次及3剂次后A、B、C、D 4组抗-HBs阳性率分别为36.43%、37.59%、42.91%、46.46%;89.20%、91.52%、90.96%、85.45%;99.12%、99.47%、98.87%、98.85%;加强免疫前、免疫1剂次及3剂次后两两之间抗-HBs阳性率差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05).抗-HBs阴性者加强免疫1剂次、3剂次后,抗-HBs阳转率分别为83.01%、86.41%、84.16%、72.82%;98.62%、99.16%、98.03%、97.84%;与抗-HBs阳性者加强免疫1剂次相比,4组抗-HBs阳转率差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).抗-HBs阳性者加强免疫1剂次后几何平均滴度(GMT)分别为2853.21、6254.23、3581.40、3021.32 mIU/ml.抗-HBs阴性者加强免疫1剂次、3剂次后4组GMT分别为273.08、648.52、387.87、245.36 mIU/ml;632.30、2341.14、563.97、394.08 mIU/ml.结论 采用上述4种重组乙肝疫苗对抗-HBs阳性的10岁以上儿童加强免疫1剂次、对抗-HBs阴性的10岁以上儿童加强免疫3剂次,免疫效果良好.

Abstract：

Objective To study the efficiency of booster immunization with different recombinant hepatitis B vaccines.Methods 2789 children aged over 10 years who had completed the basic immunization of hepatitis B vaccine under 1 year old were selected.All the sampled children were classified into four groups (A,B,C and D) and immunized with different hepatitis B vaccines produced by different campanies respectively.Before booster immunization,their blood plasma specimens were detected for hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg),antibodies to HBV surface antigen (anti-HBs) and antibodies to HBV core antigen (anti-HBc) by chemiluminescence.In each group,the anti-HBs positive children were immunized with one dosage and anti-HBs negative children were immunized three dosages of the same vaccine.Their blood specimens were collected again after 1 month,and detected for anti-HBs.Results The anti-HBs positive rates of A,B,C and D group were 36.43%,37.59%,42.91% and 46.46% respectively before immunization while 89.20%,91.52%,90.96% and 85.45% respectively after immunization with one dosage,99.12%,99.47%,98.87% and 98.85% respectively after immunization with three dosages.The differences of anti-HBs positive rates in the four respective groups showed statistical significances between any two rates of pre-immunization,post-immunization with one dosage and post- immunization with three dosages (all P＜0.05).The anti-HBs positive conversion rates of four groups were 83.01%,86.41%,84.16% and 72.82% respectively after immunization with one dosage.The anti-HBs positive conversion rate of four groups were 98.62%,99.16%,98.03% and 97.84% respectively after immunization with three dosages and the difference of positive conversion rates in each group showed statistical significances between booster immunization with one dosage and booster immunization with three dosages.The average GMTs in anti-HBs positive children in the four groups were 2853.21,6254.23,3581.40 and 3021.32 mIU/ml respectively after immunization with one dosage.The average GMTs of anti-HBs negative children in the four groups were 273.08,648.52,387.87 and 245.36 mIU/ml respectively after immunization with one dosage,and were 632.30,2341.14,563.97 and 394.08 mIU/ml respectively after immunization with three dosages.Conclusion Our data showed that it would be suitable to anyone to use the four vaccines for anti-HBs positive children aged over 10 years with one dosage and for anti-HBs negative children aged over 10 years with three dosage booster immunization.     

唐山市新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗免疫效果血清流行病学调查

目的研究儿童乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒(HBV)感染状况及乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)水平,探讨乙肝疫苗的免疫效果和持久性,为制定非新生儿人群乙肝疫苗免疫策略提供依据。方法于2005年采集有明确乙肝疫苗免疫史、不同免疫程序的1~15岁人群血清444份,检测乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)和抗-HBs,分析比较免疫和加强免疫后抗-HBs水平和持久性;同时与1992年乙肝疫苗免疫前的本底资料相比较。结果2005年各年龄组儿童HBsAg携带率较1992年均有显著下降;免疫后5年抗-HBs保护阳性率和抗-HBs阳性率均明显下降,其中抗-HBs阳性率下降至1992年自然感染水平;免疫5年后行加强免疫,抗-HBs保护阳性率和抗-HBs阳性率显著高于未加强免疫组。结论接种乙肝疫苗是控制人群HBV感染的有效措施;免疫后间隔5年行加强免疫使免疫持久性得到保证。     

儿童乙型肝炎疫苗免疫和加强免疫后保护性抗体观察

目的评价儿童乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(HepB)免疫后保护性抗体应答水平及乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)阴性儿童加强免疫后抗体的变化。方法采取多阶段整群系统抽样方法抽取调查单位和儿童,用固相放射免疫方法检测接种儿童血清乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、抗-HBs和乙肝病毒核心抗体水平,并对抗-HBs阴性儿童进行加强免疫。结果3~12岁儿童抗-HBs平均阳性率为49.3%,几何平均浓度(GMC)为70.22毫国际单位/毫升(mIU/ml)。重组乙肝疫苗(酵母)免疫后3~6岁儿童抗-HBs阳性率为37.6%,随年龄增长而下降,GMC为55.29mIU/ml,各年龄组差异有非常显著的统计学意义。6~12岁儿童使用血源HepB,抗-HBs阳性率为51.0%,GMC为68.27mIU/ml,各年龄组差异无显著的统计学意义。抗-HBs阴性儿童加强免疫后抗体阳转率为93.9%,GMC为91.83mIU/ml。结论儿童HepB免疫后12年保护性抗体应答良好,HBsAg阳性率未随免疫时间延长而增加,目前尚不需进行加强免疫。抗-HBs阴性儿童加强免疫后有很好的回忆反应。     

Hepatitis B immunization of newborns according to a two dose protocol

Experimental hepatitis B immunization trial in newborns was carried out in Burundi. Newborns were randomly divided into vaccine and control groups. Vaccinated newborns were given two infections of hepatitis B vaccine: one at birth and another 2 months later. A booster dose was given at 12 months of age. Results obtained show that two months after the second dose of HB vaccine, 96.8% of the vaccinated babies had anti-HBs; at the age of one year this figure had fallen to 83.8%. Six months after the booster dose, 95.6% were anti-HBs positive, with a geometric mean titre of 214 mIU ml⁻¹. The anti-HBs responses in these infants was compared to those observed in previous studies performed in Senegal in infants (same protocol) or in newborns (3 dose protocol). The anti-HBs responses were lower in terms of mean titre values in neonates who received the two dose protocol than in older children and in neonates who received three doses at one month intervals. Vaccine efficacy was monitored during a two year period in neonates both immunized and nonimmunized. Protective efficacy was found to be 100% if considering HBsAg positive events and 75% if considering all HBV events (HBsAg and/or anti-HBc positive).     

2003和2005年东莞市托幼儿童乙型肝炎免疫状况调查

目的了解东莞市托幼儿童乙型肝炎免疫状况,评价防治效果,为制定防治对策提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,2003和2005年分别抽取东莞市五个镇区5所和4所村办幼儿园,每间幼儿园抽取大、中、小班各一个,被抽中班级的儿童均为调查对象,对各调查对象进行乙肝免疫状况调查。结果2003年和2005年,乙肝疫苗接种率分别为61.22%和93.18%,HBsAg携带率分别为1.48%和0.51%,抗-HBs阳性率分别为62.34%和67.42%;在只完成3针基础免疫的儿童中抗-HBs阳性率均较低,分别为57.22%和59.15%,而在有加强免疫史的儿童中,抗-HBs阳性率明显升高,加强了一针的托幼儿童中抗体阳性率分别为81.72%和76.31%,加强了二针或以上的托幼儿童抗体阳性率则分别达90.00%和92.86%;不同年份有相同免疫次数儿童的抗-HBs阳性率差异无显著性意义;抗-HBs阳性率有随免疫次数增加而增高的趋势。结论东莞市托幼儿童乙肝疫苗接种率2005年较2003年明显提高,HBsAg携带率已控制在较低的水平,两年的抗-HBs阳性率差异不显著。抗-HBs阳性率随免疫次数的增加而增高,建议抗-HBs阴性的儿童应进行加强免疫。     

Long-term persistence of anti-HBs after vaccination against HBV: an 18 year experience in health care workers

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the long-term persistence of seroprotection after hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination. A total of 422 health care workers (HCWs) were evaluated 4.8-18.8 years after primary immunization (mean follow-up 11.8 years); 241 of them had received plasma-derived vaccines and 181 had been given yeast-derived vaccines; 107 subjects received a booster dose of yeast-derived vaccine 6 years after primary immunization with either plasma-derived or yeast-derived vaccines. Seroprotection was assumed when the anti-HBs titers were >10 mIU/ml. The overall response after primary immunization was 98.8%. Among subjects who reached a 10 year follow-up, those treated with plasma-derived vaccine had a seroprotection rate of 87.8 compared to 81.6% of those vaccinated with yeast-derived vaccines (P<0.001). Anti-HBs geometric mean titers (GMTs) after primary immunization were similar in the two groups, but were significantly lower at 10 years follow-up in the group that had received a yeast-derived vaccine (104 mIU/ml versus 244 mIU/ml in those who used a plasma-derived vaccine, P<0.05). Anti-HBs GMTs in the 107 subjects given the booster dose were 242 mIU/ml pre-booster titer, and rose to 35,171 mIU/ml after the booster dose. A mean 10.1 years after the booster dose, GMTs were 952 mIU/ml. Overall, the anti-HBs seroprotection rate was 95.4% (102 subjects). Based on GMT results, no booster dose is necessary in healthy adults for at least 10 years after primary immunization.     

4种国产重组乙肝疫苗接种不同人群的血清学效果观察

[目的]评价大年龄组儿童和成人接种国产重组乙肝疫苗的免疫效果,为制订和调整本地区乙肝疫苗免疫策略提供依据。[方法]2006～2007年,应用4种国产重组乙肝疫苗对烟台市部分HBsAg、抗-HBs和抗-HBc均为阴性的小学生、初中生、成人按照0、1、6的免疫程序进行接种,全程接种后1个月检测血清抗-HBs。[结果]抗-HBs阳转率,106名中小学生接种5μg／剂啤酒酵母乙肝疫苗（A疫苗）的为99．06％,127名接种10μg／剂啤酒酵母乙肝疫苗（B疫苗）的为95．28％,83名接种10μg／剂汉逊酵母乙肝疫苗（C疫苗）的为98．80％,118名接种10μg／剂重组中国仓鼠卵巢细胞乙肝疫苗（D疫苗）的为100．00％;211名成人接种D疫苗后阳转率为93．37％。接种后1个月,血清抗-HBs几何平均滴度,接种A疫苗、B疫苗、C疫苗、D疫苗的中小学生分别为1：472．59、1;773．24、1：575．87、1：613．71（P〉0．05）;成人为1：1358．24,高于接种同一疫苗的中小学生（P〈0．01）。[结论]中小学生和成人接种4不同国产乙肝疫苗后的抗体阳转率和几何平均滴度均很高,成人接种10μg／剂汉逊酵母乙肝疫苗免疫效果好于儿童。     

Evaluation of the response to a booster dose of hepatitis B vaccine in previously immunized healthcare workers.

INTRODUCTION: Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for all healthcare workers (HCW) at risk of exposure to infectious body fluids. However, the absolute duration of protection from immunization is unknown. The purpose of this randomized comparison trial was to determine how previously immunized HCW respond to different booster doses of hepatitis B vaccine. METHOD: Adult HCW (n=59) were classified by level of hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs), either <10 milli-International Units per milliliter (mIU/ml) or 10-50 mIU/ml. Participants were then randomized to receive a 2.5 or 10 microg dose of hepatitis B vaccine. Evaluation of anti-HBs levels were conducted 10 to 14 days, one month and one year postbooster. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: All participants responded to the booster dose with increased anti-HBs levels. At 14 days, mean anti-HBs levels were significantly higher for those with higher levels at baseline (P=0.004) and those receiving the 10 microg dose (P=0.016). At one month, those with higher anti-HBs levels at baseline and those receiving the 10 microg dose were significantly higher (P<0.01 for both). At one year, the increase for the higher dose was no longer statistically significant when examined by itself (P=0.081); statistical significance (P=0.021) was achieved after adjusting for anti-HBs level at baseline. For all participants, the geometric mean anti-HBs level was 2618 mIU/ml at 14 days, 2175 mIU/ml at one month and 88.9 mIU/ml at one year. At all time points the increase in anti-HBs levels represented an increase over the geometric mean baseline level of anti-HBs (7.4 mIU/ml). Hepatitis B immunized adults responded to a booster dose of hepatitis B vaccine from 3 to 13 yr postvaccination series. Data support current recommendations that immunized HCW do not require periodic antibody testing or vaccine boosters.