稳定转染ERα基因抑制MDA-MB-231乳腺癌细胞COX-2和VEGF-C的表达

Background Estrogen receptor （ER）-negative breast cancer cells are more aggressive than ER-positive cells. Elevated levels of cyclooxygenase-2 （COX-2） and vascular endothelial growth factor-C （VEGF-C） expression have been detected in cultured human breast cancer cells and are associated with negative hormone receptor status. In this study, we created ERα stable transfectants in MDA-MB-231 cells to explore the effect of ERα on cell growth and COX-2 and VEGF-C expression.Methods The green fluorescent protein （GFP）-ERα plasmids were stably transfected into ER-negative MDA-MB-231 cells. The proliferation and migration of untransfected MDA-MB-231 cells, ERα-transfected MDA-MB-231 cells and ER-positive MCF-7 cells were determined. The expression of COX-2, and the levels of VEGF-C mRNA and the VEGF-C secretion concentration were assayed in these cell lines.Results The proliferation and migration capacities of ERα-tranfected MDA-MB-231 cells were significantly decreased （P 〈0.05）. The expression of COX-2 was significantly lower in ERa-tranfected MDA-MB-231 cells than in untranfected MDA-MB-231 cells. The mRNA and protein levels of VEGF-C were lower in ERa-tranfected MDA-MB-231 cells than in untransfected MDA-MB-231 cells （P〈0.05）.Conclusions ERα stable transfection inhibits proliferation and migration capacities of MDA-MB-231 cells and decreases expression of COX-2 and VEGF-C. The decreases of proliferation and migration capacities may be related to suppression of COX-2 and VEGF-C expression.     

Effects of TNF-α and curcumin on the expression of VEGF in Raji and U937 cells and on angiogenesis in ECV304 cells

Background To better understand the possibilities of antiangiogenic tumor therapy and to assess possible side effects, we investigated the effect of tumour necrosis factor （TNF）-α and curcumin on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） in U937 and Raji cell lines and their effect on angiogenesis in a human umbilical vein endothelial cell （HUVECs）-derived cell line （ECV304）, and also the relationship between Notchl and VEGF. The aim of this study was to elucidate potential mechanisms controlling tumor neovascularization. Methods VEGF secreted by U937 and Raji cell lines was determined by ELISA. Angiogenesis was tested by network formation of endothelial cells on Matrigel. Levels of VEGF mRNA in U937 and Raji cells and Notchl mRNA levels in EV304 cells were determined by RT-PCR. Results Secretion of VEGF by U937 and Raji cells was increased by TNF-α treatment and suppressed by curcumin （P 〈 0. 01 ）. The mRNA expression of VEGF165 and VEGF121 （containing 165 and 121 amino acid residues, respectively） were detected in any fractions. TNF-α augmented the expression of VEGF165 and VEGF121 mRNA and curcumin reduced the expression （P 〈0. 01 ）. No networks or cords formed in control and curcumin groups. There was tube formation on matrigel in the supernatants of the Raji culture group and the supernatants groups treated by VEGF group and TNF-α in Raji cell. Notch1 mRNA was detected but there was no significant change in the VEGF group compared with control （P 〉 0. 05）. Conclusions Expressions of VEGF mRNA in U937 and Raji cells were increased by TNF-α and suppressed by curcumin. VEGF and TNF-α can induce angiogenesis, and curcumin can inhibit angiogenesis in ECV304 cells.     

Regulation of estrogen receptors α and β in human breast carcinoma by exogenous leptin in nude mouse xenograft model

Background It is essential to clarify the interactions of hormones during the progression of human breast cancer. This study examined the effects of exogenous human leptin on estrogen receptor （ER） α and β in human breast tumor tissue in a nude mouse xenograft model. Methods We created nude mice xenografts of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, and randomly divided them into an experimental group and a control group. The mice in experimental group were injected subcutaneously around tumors with human leptin, while the control group were injected with the same dose of normal saline. A real-time RT-PCR assay was developed to quantify the mRNA of ERα, β in the tumor tissues. Western blotting analyses were used to assess the relative quantities of the ERα , β proteins. Results Leptin-treated xenografted nude mice were successfully established. The amount of ERa mRNA was significantly higher in the leptin group than in the control group （P 〈0.01）, while the amount of ERβ mRNA was significantly lower in the leptin group than in the control group （P 〈0.01）. Western blotting analyses revealed that the ERa protein level was significantly higher in the leptin group than in the control group （P 〈0.01）, while the ERβ protein level was significantly lower in the leptin group than in the control group （P 〈0.01）. Conclusions Nude mouse xenograft model can be safely and serviceably treated with human leptin by subcutaneous injections around tumor. ERα, β were both targets of leptin in breast cancer. Leptin can up-regulate the expression of ERa and down-regulate the expression of the ERβ in human breast tumor.     

The Effect of RhoC siRNA on the Invasiveness and Proliferation of Human Cervical Cancer Cell Line SiHa Cells

This study investigated the effect of RhoC GTPase on the proliferation and metastasis of cervical cancer cells, SiHa cells, in vitro. RhoC siRNA was introduced into SiHa cells to silence the RhoC gene. The mRNA and protein expression of RhoC, before and after RhoC siRNA transfection, was examined by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The proliferation and apoptosis of SiHa cells were examined by MTT assay and flow cytometry （FACS）, respectively. Adhesive rate was evaluated by Matrigel adhesive assay, and the invasive capability and migration capability were assessed by transwell invasive assay and migration assay, respectively. The results showed that after the RhoC siRNA transfection, the mRNA and protein expression of RhoC was down-regulated in SiHa cells. The down-regulation of RhoC GTPase did not affect the cell proliferation and apoptosis （P〉0.05）, but it did suppress SiHa cells＇ adhesion to matrigel （P〈0.01）, the invasive capability （P〈0.01） and the migration capability （P〈0.01）. It was concluded that RhoC obviously promotes the adhesion, invasion and migration of SiHa cells in vitro, but not proliferation and apoptosis, suggesting that RhoC plays an important role in the progression in cervical cancer.     

Inhibitory Effects of Mild Hyperthermia plus Docetaxel Therapy on ER（＋/-） Breast Cancer Cells and Action Mechanisms

Summary： The purpose of this study was to verify that a combination of mild hyperthermia and do- cetaxel chemotherapy produces synergistic antitumor effects and to explore the action mechanisms of this treatment approach. The effects of docetaxel on the proliferation of cells from the estrogen receptor （ER）-positive human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 and the ER-negative human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-453 were examined by 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） assay, and effective experimental concentrations of docetaxel were determined. The effects of mild hy- perthermia plus docetaxel therapy on apoptosis rate in the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-453 human breast cancer cell lines were analyzed by using flow cytometry with Annexin-V fluorescein isothiocyanate （FITC）/propidium iodide （PI） staining. The effects of these combined treatments on cell cycle progres- sion in the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-453 human breast cancer cell lines were examined by using flow cy- tometry. The effects of these combined treatments on the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and proteins in the mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） pathways were analyzed by using Western blotting. The effects of these combined treatments on the expression of the heat shock protein 70 （HSP70） and the multi-drug resistance （MDR） gene product P-glycoprotein （Pgp） were examined by using Western blotting. The results showed that the half-maximal inhibitory concentration （IC50） of do- cetaxel for MCF-7 and MDA-MB-453 cells was 19.57±1.12 and 21.64±2.31 gmol/L respectively. Mild hyperthermia with docetaxel therapy could increase apoptosis rate in the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-453 cells. Apoptosis rate in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-453 cells was increased from （23.66±3.59）% and （18.51±3.17）% in docetaxel treatment group to （47.12±6.73）% and （55.16±7.42）% in mild hyperthermia plus docetaxel group, indicating that the mild hyperthermia and docetaxel therapeutic approaches exhib- ited significant synergistic antitumor effects. Treatments of mild hyperthermia plus docetaxel induced G2/M cell cycle arrest in the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-453 cells. Western blotting demonstrated that pro- teins in the MAPK pathway were expressed at higher levels in docetaxel-treated cells following mild hypothermia than those in cells treated with docetaxel alone. As compared with blank control group, cells from the mild hyperthermia plus docetaxel group exhibited significantly decreased B-cell lym- phoma 2 （Bcl-2） protein expression but slightly increased Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax） expression. Western blotting results revealed that HSP70 and Pgp expression levels were significantly increased following mild hypothermia. It was concluded that treatments of mild hyperthermia plus docetaxel in- hibited the proliferation of human breast cancer cells, promoted apoptosis of breast cancer cells, and produced synergistic antitumor effects.     

Vascular endothelial growth inhibitor affects the invasion, apoptosis and vascularisation in breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231

Background Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant female diseases worldwide.It is a significant threat to every woman＇s health.Vascular endothelial growth inhibitor （VEGI） is known to be abundant in endothelial cells.According to previous literature,overexpression of VEGI has been shown to inhibit tumor neovascularisation and progression in cellular and animal models,but there has been limited research on the significance of VEGI in the breast cancer.Methods In our study,cell lines MDA-MB-231 were first constructed in which VEGI mediated by lentivirus over-expressed.The effects of VEGI over-expression on MDA-MB-231 cells were investigated both in vitro and in vivo.The expression of VEGI in the MDA-MB-231 cells after infection of lentivirus was analyzed using real-time PCR and Western blotting.The effect of the biological characteristics of MDA-MB-231 cells was assessed by growth,invasion,adhesion,and migration assay with subcutaneous tumor-bearing nude mice models.Then the growth curves of the subcutaneous tumors were studied.Expressions of VEGI,CD31 and CD34 in the tumors were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry.Results Infection of MDA-MB-231 cells within the lentivirus resulted in approximately a 1 000-fold increase in the expression of VEGI.As can be seen in the invasion,adhesion and migration assay,the over-expression of VEGI can inhibit the ability of MDA-MB-231 cells during migration,adhesion and invasion.The volume of the subcutaneous tumor in the over-expression group was distinctly and significantly less than that of the control groups.Immunohistochemistry analysis of the tumor biopsies cleady showed the expression of VEGI in the over-expression group increased while CD31 and CD34 decreased significantly.In vitro and in vivo,the early apoptosis rate and the apoptosis index were increased within the VEGI over-expression group as compared with the control group.Conclusions Taken together,recombinant lentivirus that were successfully constructed,demonstrated up-regulated VEGI gene expression in breast cancer cells.Lentivirus-mediated over-expression of VEGI weakened the ability of the breast cancer cell migration,adhesion and invasion.Over-expression of VEGI diminished the tumorigenic capacity of breast cancer cells in vivo.Up-regulation of VEGI gene expression however inhibited breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell in the early apoptosis.     

Paclitaxel-doxorubicin sequence is more effective in breast cancer cells with heat shock protein 27 overexpression

Background Cancer cells with overexpression of heat shock protein 27 （HSP27） are resistant to chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin （Dox）. Paclitaxel （Pacl） was reported to suppress HSP27 expression in ovarian and uterine cancer cells. The purposes of this study were to investigate whether Pacl inhibits the expression of HSP27 in breast cancer cells, whether Pacl can sensitize breast cancer cells with HSP27 overexpression to Dox, and to define a more effective schedule for the combination of Dox with Pacl.
Methods The HSP27 high-expressing human breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-435, and the HSP27 low-expressing cell line, MDA-MB-231, were used in this study. The level of HSP27, topoisomerase （Topo） IIα and β expression were assessed by Western blotting. The cytotoxic activities of Dox, Pacl and combination of these two drugs were evaluated by 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and flow cytometric assays.
Results Pacl （0.1 μmol/L） inhibited HSP27 expression by approximately 2-fold in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-435 cells, while up-regulating the level of topo IIα and β. In contrast, expression of HSP27 in MDA-MB-231 did not change significantly following Pacl treatment. There were synergistic effects in both treatment sequences （Pacl-Dox and Dox-Pacl） when Pacl was combined with Dox. Compared with those treated with the Dox-Pacl sequence, the Pacl-Dox sequence had a stronger effect in cancer cells with HSP27 overexpression, as MCF-7 and MDA-MB-435 treated with the Pacl-Dox sequence had lower viabilities and a higher apoptotic rate.
Conclusions Paclitaxel significantly decreases the level of HSP27 in breast cancer cells overexpressing HSP27. In combination therapies, the Pacl-Dox sequence is more effective in clearing breast cancer cells with high HSP27 expression compared with the Dox-Pacl sequence.     

Functional expression of voltage-gated sodium channels Nav1.5 in human breast caner cell line MDA-MB-231

Voltage-gated sodium channels （VGSCs） are known to be involved in the initiation and progression of many malignancies, and the different subtypes of VGSCs play important roles in the metastasis cascade of many tumors. This study investigated the functional expression of Nav1.5 and its effect on invasion behavior of human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. The mRNA and protein expression of Nav1.5 was detected by real time PCR, Western Blot and immunofluorescence. The effects of Nav1.5 on cell proliferation, migration and invasion were respectively assessed by MTT and Transwell. The effects of Nav1.5 on the secretion of matrix metalloproteases （MMPs） by MDA-MB-231 were analyzed by RT-PCR. The over-expressed Nav 1.5 was present on the membrane of MDA-MB-231 cells. The invasion ability in vitro and the MMP-9 mRNA expression were respectively decreased to （47.82±0.53）% and （43.97±0.64）% （P〈0.05） respectively in MDA-MB-23 t cells treated with VGSCs specific inhibitor tetrodotoxin （TTX） by blocking Navl.5 activity. It was concluded that Navl.5 functional expression potentiated the invasive behavior of human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 by increasing the secretion of MMP-9.     

Comparison of fluorescence <Emphasis Type="Italic">in situ</Emphasis> hybridization and immunohistochemistry for assessment of HER-2 status in breast cancer patients

The accurate assessment ofa proto-oncogene, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 gene （HER-2）, is extremely important for the therapy and prognosis of breast cancer. Currently, immunohistochemistry （IHC） is the method widely used for the detection of HER-2 protein. Fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） has been suggested to be a golden standard assay for HER-2 amplification. This study examined the expression and amplification of HER-2 in paraffin-embedded sections of breast cancer tissues, and compared the two methods on the measurement of HER-2 status. HER-2 gene and protein were determined in breast cancer samples from 52 Chinese women by FISH and IHC respectively. The findings indicated that the HER-2 gene amplification was found in 18 cases （34.6%） by FISH and the HER-2 protein over-expression （score 3＋） in 15 cases （28.8%） by IHC. hnmunohistochemically, 28.6% of the cases scored as 2＋ and 93.3% of the cases scored as 3＋ were HER-2-positive by FISH. There was a significant correlation between the HER-2 gene amplification and HER-2 protein over-expression in breast cancer （P〈0.005）. No correlation was noted between the HER-2 gene amplification and any of the clinicopathological parameters examined, including age, menopausal status, menarche age, tumor size, histological tumor type, histological grade, lymph node status, and the expression of ER and PR. It was concluded that the detection of HER-2 gene amplification in breast cancer by FISH is valuable and can compare with HER-2 protein detection by IHC.     

透明质酸酶及肝素对血管生成影响的实验研究

目的 探讨透明质酸酶(hyaluronidase，Hyase)及肝素对血管生成的影响。方法 应用人乳腺癌细胞株与人脐静脉内皮细胞(ECV—304)双室联合培养技术。结果 6株表达不同水平Hyase的人乳腺癌细胞株对诱导血管生成潜能存在明显差异，Hyase高达细胞株诱导ECV—304生成血管的潜能明显大于Hyase低表达细胞株(P＜0．05)；加用肝素后无论Hyase高表达或低表达细胞株均未能诱导血管生成，对ECV—304也无形态学上的影响。结论 Hyase与血管生成存在相关性，肝素能抑制血管生成。     

OX-LDL介导内皮细胞损伤及其对TLR-4和EpCAM表达的影响

目的:研究氧化型低密度脂蛋白(OX-LDL)对血管内皮细胞的损伤效应及其对Toll样受体4(TLR-4)和上皮细胞黏附分子(EpCAM)表达的影响。方法:培养人脐静脉内皮细胞ECV-304,实验分为对照组和实验组(25、50、100和200 mg·L^-1 OX-LDL),处理后细胞继续培养24 h,台盼蓝拒染法检测细胞活力;流式细胞术检测活性氧(ROS)水平、线粒体膜电位(MMP)、细胞周期与凋亡以及EpCAM和TLR-4表达水平。结果:与对照组比较,25、50、100和200 mg·L^-1OX-LDL组ECV-304细胞内ROS水平升高,细胞活力和MMP下降(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,25和50 mg·L^-1OX-LDL组S期细胞百分率升高,而G₀/G₁期细胞略减少,SubG₁期细胞(凋亡细胞)随OX-LDL浓度增加而增加。与对照组比较,50 mg·L^-1 OX-LDL组24 h时ECV-304细胞膜表面TLR-4和EpCAM表达水平均明显升高(P<0.05)。结论:OX-LDL具有提高内皮细胞ROS水平、降低细胞活力和MMP以及诱导细胞凋亡等损伤效应,此过程中ECV-304细胞中TLR-4和EpCAM水平升高。     

过氧化物上调人结肠癌细胞血管内皮生长因子的表达

目的　探讨过氧化氢等活性氧类对于大肠癌的进一步发展可能存在的影响。方法　以低浓度过氧化氢 (10 -5mol/L、10 -7mol/L及 10 -9mol/L)作用人结肠癌细胞系LS174T和HCT8共 2 4h ,与人血管内皮细胞系ECV 30 4共培养 ,观察过氧化氢对结肠癌细胞诱导的内皮细胞迁移的影响。以逆转录 聚合酶链反应、酶联免疫吸附分析检测相对定量过氧化氢作用下癌细胞血管内皮生长因子的表达强度 ,以放线菌素D(1 5 μg/ml)抑制癌细胞的转录观察过氧化氢产生作用的机制 ,同时以激光扫描细胞仪直接定量肿瘤细胞NF KappaB活性的变化。结果　外源性低浓度过氧化氢促进两种结肠癌细胞诱导的内皮细胞迁移 ,其中在 10 -5mol/L过氧化氢的作用下 ,LS174T诱导的迁移数为 2 0 2 6±70 2 (个 ) (与对照组比t=3 4 75 1,P =0 0 0 83) ,HCT8诱导的迁移数为 14 5 4± 6 5 3(个 ) (与对照组比t=4 4 183,P =0 0 0 84 ) ,高于同组其余各浓度引起的迁移数目。同时癌细胞血管内皮生长因子的表达也见增强 ,放线菌素D能阻断过氧化氢的这种作用。半衰期分析提示过氧化氢未影响血管内皮生长因子mRNA的稳定性。两种癌细胞NF KappaB的活性在 2 4h的过氧化氢作用后获得提高 ,这与血管内皮生长因子的增强表达情形相仿。结论　过氧化氢在一定程度上     

VEGF和ER在乳腺癌组织中的表达与其生物学特征的关系

目的:研究乳腺癌组织中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和雌激素受体(ER)的表达及临床意义。方法:采用免疫组织化学SABC法,检测85例乳腺癌及42例乳腺纤维腺瘤组织中VEGF和ER的表达情况,并评价其与乳腺癌临床病理学因素之间的关系。结果:乳腺癌组织中VEGF阳性率(57.65%,49/85)明显高于乳腺纤维腺瘤(4.76%,2/42)(P<0.0001)。VEGF表达与患者年龄、肿瘤大小、病理分型及ER无明显关系(P>0.05)。、期乳腺癌和淋巴结转移阳性组的VEGF表达阳性率明显高于、期乳腺癌和淋巴结转移阴性组(P<0.0001)。ER在乳腺癌中的阳性率为58.82%(50/85),在乳腺纤维腺瘤中无阳性表达。结论:乳腺癌组织中VEGF有异常表达,与乳腺癌的预后有关。     

肝素对人乳腺癌细胞生长及Hyase、HA和CEA表达的影响

目的探讨肝素是否具有肿瘤细胞毒性作用以及对肿瘤侵袭、转移相关因子如透明质酸酶(hyaluronidase,Hyase)、透明质酸(hyaluronic acid,HA)和癌胚抗原(CEA)的表达有何影响。方法用MTT法测定肝素对人乳腺癌细胞株MDA-MB-231生长的影响;酶联吸附法测定8株人乳腺癌细胞培养上清液中Hyase、HA和CEA的表达。结果肝素对人乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231的生长无显著影响,但能降低人乳腺癌细胞Hyase的表达(P<0.05),对HA和CEA的表达无显著影响(P>0.05)。结论肝素是一种非细胞毒性药物,不能直接杀灭肿瘤细胞,但能降低肿瘤侵袭、转移相关因子Hyase的表达。     

姜黄素对人乳腺癌细胞增殖的抑制效应及机制

目的 研究姜黄素对人乳腺癌细胞株增殖的抑制效应及其机制。方法 采用Northern印迹和Western印迹法观察人乳腺癌细胞mRNA及其蛋白表达;用CAT报告基因来研究人雌激素反应元件(ERE)的转录活性;用Matrigd侵袭池(Matrigel invasion chamber)研究细胞侵袭性。结果 姜黄素能够抑制雌激素受体(ER)阳性MCF—7及ER阴性MDA—MB—231两种人乳腺癌细胞的增殖。对MCF—7细胞,姜黄素调节ER下调基因pS2和TGF—α的表达及ERE的活性;对MDA—MB—231乳腺癌细胞,姜黄素通过下调MMP—2和上调TIMP—1的活性表现出很强的抗侵袭活性,其还能够抑制MDA—MB—231细胞两个主要的血管生成因子VEGF和b—FGF、在转录水平的表达。结论 姜黄素通过多种机制抑制乳腺癌细胞的生长,姜黄素的化学预防是多途径作用的结果。     

烟曲霉醇联合健择抑制人肺腺癌细胞和脐静脉内皮细胞VEGF及其受体的表达

目的研究烟曲霉醇（TNP-470）联合健择（Gem）对人肺腺癌细胞（A549）和人脐静脉内皮细胞（ECV-304）血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）及其受体FLT-1、KDR表达的抑制作用。方法不同浓度的Gem（10^6-10^-4mg／m1）和TNP-470（10^-3mg／ml）单用或联合处理A549和ECV-304细胞，用四甲基偶氮唑盐（MTT）比色法检测药物对细胞的毒性及增殖的影响，用半定量RT-PCR法和蛋白免疫印迹法（Western-blot）检测药物对细胞VEGF及其受体FLT-1和KDR的基因及蛋白表达的影响。结果Gem和TNP-470对两种细胞的增殖活性均有抑制作用（Gem的IC50为10^-4mg/ml；TNP-470的IC50为10^-2mg／ml），Gem联合TNP-470能明显抑制两种细胞VEGF及受体的mRNA和蛋白表达水平。结论TNP-470联合Gem能显著抑制A549、ECV-304细胞的VEGF、FIX-1和KDR的核酸和蛋白的表达，具有协同抗肿瘤作用。     

巨噬细胞对血管内皮细胞增殖、Hoxb2、血管内皮生长因子受体和整合素ανβ3表达的影响

目的 建立人巨噬细胞系U937与人脐静脉血管内皮细胞系ECV-304体外共培养模型,以刀豆蛋白A(ConA)作为U937激活剂,研究巨噬细胞调节血管生成的机制。方法 实验分4组:ECV-304、ConA+ECV-304、U937+ECV-304和ConA+U937+ECV-304。将ECV-304细胞接种,待60%融合时按照不同的分组进行共培养48h后,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期的变化;采用3H-TdR掺入试验检测内皮细胞DNA合成变化;RT-PCR技术检测内皮细胞血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)受体KDR和同源盒(homebox)Hoxb2基因mRNA表达水平的变化;免疫荧光在流式细胞仪上检测整合素受体ανβ3表达的变化。结果 ConA激活的U937细胞可使内皮细胞S期、DNA合成明显增加(P<0.01);ConA刺激的U937细胞使内皮细胞VEGF受体KDR(0.879±0.003)、Hoxb2基因mRNA的表达水平(0.947±0.003)和整合素受体ανβ3的表达水平(10.26±1.73)明显上调(P<0.01)。结论 ConA活化的巨噬细胞可通过影响内皮细胞的细胞周期、DNA合成、VEGF受体KDR、Hoxb2及整合素受体ανβ3的表达来促进内皮细胞的增殖、迁移及与基质的黏附,从而调节血管的生成。     

重组小鼠血管抑素基因转染抗血管生成治疗胆囊癌的实验研究

目的:研究重组小鼠血管抑素基因真核表达质粒转染的胆囊癌细胞表达具有抑制血管内皮细胞生长活性的血管抑素蛋白,以及对裸鼠种植性胆囊癌生长的抑制作用. 方法:应用脂质体lipofectamine2000将重组小鼠血管抑素基因的真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1( )-angiostatin转染胆囊癌细胞株GBC-SD,G418抗性筛选;以Western blot检测血管抑素的表达,以血管内皮细胞增殖分析检测其生物学活性,接种裸鼠并比较肿瘤体积和肿瘤微血管密度(MVD). 结果:得到表达血管抑素的胆囊癌细胞克隆,其培养上清能有效抑制bFGF刺激的血管内皮细胞增殖(P＜0.01);血管抑素组裸鼠肿瘤体积小于野生细胞对照组(P＜0.01),免疫组化检测显示血管抑素组裸鼠肿瘤微血管密度(MVD)低于野生细胞对照组(P＜0.05). 结论:血管抑素基因转染对裸鼠种植性胆囊癌的生长有抑制作用,这是血管抑素组肿瘤组织内新生血管形成受到抑制而减少所致.     

血管内皮细胞氧化应激损伤对骨髓间质干细胞趋化作用的体外观察

目的 探讨氧化应激损伤血管内皮细胞定向趋化人骨髓间质干细胞(hMSC)的可能性.方法 体外分离和培养hMSC,分别加入不同条件培养基进行成脂肪细胞、成骨细胞和成血管内皮细胞诱导分化;以免疫组织化学染色和流式细胞仪检测hMSC抗原表达.利用人脐静脉内皮细胞系ECV-304细胞建立氧化应激损伤趋化hMSC的细胞模型:在Transwell培养板下腔接种5×105 ECV-304细胞并用3%H2O2(终浓度为0.01 ml/ml)处理1 h后,上腔内接种1×105 hMSC,为损伤细胞+hMSC组;同时设未损伤细胞+hMSC组(Transwell板下腔接种未经H2O2处理的ECV-304细胞,上腔内接种hMSC)和单纯hMSC组(Transwell板下腔不接种ECV-304细胞)作为对照.培养12 h后苏木精染色,倒置相差显微镜下计数各组细胞Transwell上腔迁移的hMSC数.另以酶联免疫吸附试验检测H2O2处理1 h的ECV-304细胞(H2O2处理组)和未予H2O2处理ECV-304细胞(对照组)培养上清液中单核细胞趋化蛋白1(MCP-1)和血管细胞黏附分子1(VCAM-1)浓度.结果 hMSC经加入不同条件培养基诱导后可以分化为脂肪细胞、成骨细胞和血管内皮细胞.免疫组织化学染色和流式细胞仪检测显示hMSC CD29、CD44、CD90和CD106抗原呈阳性表达,CD31、CD34、CD45和CD49b抗原呈阴性表达.损伤细胞+hMSC组发生迁移的hMSC数为(8.00±0.22)个/高倍视野,明显高于未损伤细胞+hMSC组[(0.20±0.05)个/高倍视野,P<0.01]和单纯hMSC组[(0.00±0.00)个/高倍视野,P<0.01].H2O2处理组细胞培养上清液中MCP-1和VCAM-1浓度分别为(69.2±3.5)、(114.0±7.5)ng/ml,均明显高于对照组[(62.5±3.6)ng/ml,P<0.05;(97.2±5.0)ng/ml,P<0.01].结论 血管内皮细胞氧化应激损伤可趋化hMSC定向迁移到损伤血管,其机制可能与氧化应激损伤导致的趋化因子MCP-1和VCAM-1浓度升高有关.