不同剂量瑞芬太尼用于喉罩麻醉下输尿管镜钬激光碎石术的效果比较

目的:比较喉罩麻醉下行输尿管镜钬激光碎石术中应用不同剂量瑞芬太尼时的临床效果.方法:60例择期行输尿管镜钬激光碎石术的患者,随机分为3组,每组20例,采用相同方法快速静脉诱导置入喉罩后,术中以普鲁泊福复合0.1、0.2、0.4 μg·kg-1·min-1 3种不同剂量瑞芬太尼持续微泵静脉注射维持麻醉,监测麻醉过程中的心电图(ECG)、心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MBP)、脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO2)和呼气末二氧化碳分压(PetCO2)变化,记录术中用药、体动情况以及苏醒时间.结果:所有患者均顺利完成手术,无术中知晓发生.瑞芬太尼剂量为0.1 μg·kg-1·min-1时,术中心率、血压波动大,患者体动发生率高(45%,9/20),所用肌松药量多;0.2 μg·kg-1·min-1时,术中心率、血压波动较小,术后患者苏醒较快;0.4 μg·kg-1·min-1时,术中心率、血压抑制作用明显,所用血管活性药物量大,术后患者苏醒时间长.结论:输尿管镜钬激光碎石术中应用喉罩通气下的全凭静脉麻醉可取得较好的效果.使用剂量为普鲁泊福4 mg·kg-1·h-1、瑞芬太尼0.2 μg·kg-1·min-1时,能够获得术中麻醉深度和术后苏醒两方面的平衡,是输尿管镜钬激光碎石手术中较佳的瑞芬太尼剂量.     

瑞芬太尼或芬太尼复合异丙酚用于腹腔镜手术麻醉的临床观察

目的比较瑞芬太尼或芬太尼复合异丙酚用于腹腔镜手术麻醉的临床效果.方法ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级择期行腹腔镜胆囊切除手术的病入100例,随机分为异丙酚瑞芬太尼组(PR)和异丙酚芬太尼组(PF),每组50例.麻醉诱导用异丙酚(1～2mg/kg)和瑞芬太尼(2ug/kg)或芬太尼(2.5ug/kg),麻醉维持用持续静脉泵入异丙酚(2mg·kg·h-1)和瑞芬太尼(0.2ug·kg1·min-1)或芬太尼(0.03ug·k-1·min-1),同时吸入1%异氟醚.观察血流动力学,麻醉苏醒及不良反应等情况.结果两组麻醉效果无显著差异,两组患者诱导后血压均明显降低(P＜0.01),心率减慢(P＜0.05),PR组心率减慢持续到术毕(P＜0.05),PR组作用强于PF组,术毕苏醒快,拔管早.结论异丙酚复合瑞芬太尼比芬太尼更优越、安全.     

丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼静脉麻醉在小儿鼾症手术中的应用

目的 比较丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼全凭静脉麻醉与丙泊酚、芬太尼和异氟烷复合麻醉用于小儿鼾症手术的临床效果.方法 30例4～ 10岁的患儿随机分为丙泊酚瑞芬太尼组(PR组)与丙泊酚芬太尼异氟烷组(PFI组).麻醉诱导后,PR组持续输注丙泊酚瑞芬太尼,PFI组持续输注丙泊酚,间断静推芬太尼,辅助吸入异氟烷维持麻醉.术中根据循环反应...     

地氟烷和普鲁泊福麻醉对术中体感诱发电位监测的影响

目的:在脊柱侧弯矫形术中研究、比较地氟烷/一氧化氮(NO)和普鲁泊福对体感诱发电位(SSEP)以及麻醉后苏醒的影响.方法:20名特发性脊柱侧弯需行侧弯矫形术的青少年患者随机等分为2组,一组以地氟烷/NO维持麻醉,另一组用普鲁泊福行静脉麻醉,2组均按需给予芬太尼.分别检测2组的SSEP,并观察其苏醒情况.结果:麻醉药物的浓度变化对SSEP的潜伏期几乎没有影响,但两种药物对SSEP波幅的影响却有显著性差异(P＜0.05).与普鲁泊福相比,地氟烷可使SSEP快速降低和较快恢复(P＜0.05).在恢复期,地氟烷和普鲁泊福麻醉的患者睁眼所需时间、运动脚趾时间无统计学差异.行为学评分结果显示,地氟烷组比普鲁泊福组苏醒较为彻底.结论:与普鲁泊福麻醉相比,地氟烷可使SSEP的波幅较快下降,麻醉患者苏醒较为彻底.     

静脉麻醉和静吸复合麻醉用于脊柱手术患者的唤醒比较

目的:对脊柱手术中应用静脉麻醉和静吸复合麻醉进行快速唤醒比较,为临床提供有益的参考。方法:45例患者随机平均分为3组:1)PR组(异丙酚-瑞芬太尼):异丙酚靶控输注(血浆浓度2~4μg.mL-1)和瑞芬太尼0.2~0.4μg.kg-1.min-1;2)DR组(地氟醚-瑞芬太尼):地氟醚-空气3.0Vol%~4.0Vol%,合用瑞芬太尼0.2~0.4μg.kg-1.min-1;3)PFN组(异丙酚-芬太尼-氧化亚氮):异丙酚靶控输注(血浆浓度2~4μg.mL-1),复合吸入氧化亚氮(N2O∶O2=1∶1),根据需要间断注射芬太尼1~2μg.kg-1。结果:PFN组出现自主呼吸[(8.9±1.6)min]和活动双足[(12.3±5.6)min]所需时间明显长于PR组[分别为(6.7±2.1)min和(9.8±2.4)min和DR组[分别为(5.8±0.6)min和(6.4±0.9)min]。结论:与PR组及PFN组相比,DR组的麻醉方案使患者在术中苏醒更快,可以立即进行神经学检查。     

体外循环下心瓣膜置换术患者血小板及凝血功能的变化及普鲁泊福对其的影响

目的:观察体外循环(CPB)下心脏瓣膜置换手术中患者血小板与凝血功能的变化及普鲁泊福对其的影响.方法:ASAⅡ～Ⅲ级择期心脏瓣膜置换手术患者30例,随机分为对照组(n=15)和普鲁泊福组(n=15).对照组应用咪达唑仑0.05 mg/kg、芬太尼0.01 mg/kg、维库溴铵0.1～0.2 mg/kg行麻醉诱导,术中以0.5%～1.5%异氟烷及芬太尼、哌库溴铵维持麻醉;普鲁泊福组应用咪达唑仑0.05 mg/kg、芬太尼0.005～0.01 mg/kg、普鲁泊福1.5 mg/kg、维库溴铵0.1～0.2 mg/kg行麻醉诱导,术中以静注普鲁泊福4～5 mg/(kg·h)、芬太尼、哌库溴铵和0.5%～1.0%异氟烷维持麻醉.采用Sonoclot凝血与血小板功能分析仪分别测定麻醉前、诱导后5 min、CPB转流前、CPB结束后10 min、手术结束时5个时间点全血激活凝固时间(SonACT)、凝血速率、血小板功能(PF)、凝血达到高峰时间(TP),同时观察血小板(PLT)计数、血浆凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)的变化.结果:与麻醉前相比,诱导后和转流前2组SonACT、PF、凝血速率、TP及常规凝血试验各项指标均无显著差异;CPB结束后10 min和手术结束时2组PF显著降低(P<0.01),SonACT、凝血速率、TP、PT、APTT明显延长(P<0.01),PLT计数明显减少(P<0.01);2组间各个时间点的指标相比较无显著差异.结论:CPB是影响心脏瓣膜置换手术中血小板及凝血功能的主要因素;诱导剂量1.5 mg/kg及术中持续静脉输注浓度为4～5 mg/(kg·h)的普鲁泊福对血小板功能无明显影响.     

瑞芬太尼普鲁泊福靶控输注静脉麻醉用于腹腔镜胆囊切除术

目的 :评价普鲁泊福和瑞芬太尼靶控全静脉麻醉临床应用的可行性。方法 :ASAI Ⅱ级 ,择期行腹腔镜胆囊切除手术的病人 16例 ,诱导时设定普鲁泊福血浆靶浓度 3mg·L-1,瑞芬太尼血浆靶浓度 7μg·L-1,术中靶浓度维持不变 ,手术结束时停止输注普鲁泊福和瑞芬太尼。观察麻醉诱导和气管插管时的血压、心率 ,术毕停药后病人自主呼吸恢复时间、呼之睁眼时间、拔管时间、定向力恢复时间和离开恢复室时间。分别在靶控输注 15min、2 0min、术毕病人苏醒时采集桡动脉血样用高效液相色谱仪配二极管阵列紫外检测器测定瑞芬太尼全血浓度。结果 :麻醉诱导时收缩压由诱导前 (14 4± 2 7)mmHg降至 (10 1± 18)mmHg ,平均动脉压由 (10 2± 15 )mmHg降至 (6 9±13)mmHg ,心率由 (77± 14 )次·min-1降至 (6 3± 12 )次·min-1,插管前后血压和心率无显著变化 ,无一例插管反应。术毕停药后病人自主呼吸恢复时间 (12± 6 )min ,呼之睁眼时间 (9± 4 )min ,拔管时间 (13± 6 )min ,定向力恢复时间 (15± 5 )min ,离开恢复室时间 (19± 7)min。瑞芬太尼的实测浓度分别为 (4 .6± 9.5 ) μg·L-1、(6 .6± 11.5 )μg·L-1、(1.2± 8.7) μg·L-1。结论 :瑞芬太尼普鲁泊福靶控全静脉麻醉用于腹腔镜胆囊切除手术时 ,麻醉诱导平稳 ,术     

OSAS小儿瑞芬太尼全凭静脉麻醉后苏醒期躁动观察

目的 比较瑞芬太尼+异丙酚全凭静脉麻醉与异丙酚+七氟醚静吸复合麻醉对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)患儿苏醒期躁动(EA)的影响.方法 选择3～7岁择期行扁桃体切除和(或)腺样体吸割术的OSAS患儿40例,随机分为全凭静脉麻醉(T)与静吸复合麻醉(C)两组,每组20例.T组以瑞芬太尼1μg/kg、咪达唑仑0.2 mg/kg、异丙酚2.5 mg/kg及罗库溴胺0.6 mg/kg麻醉诱导插管,维持用瑞芬太尼0.4～0.5 μg·kg-1·min-1+异丙酚4～6 mg·kg-1·h-1,手术结束同时停止输注.C组以咪达唑仑0.2 mg/kg、异丙酚2.5 mg/kg及罗库溴胺0.6 mg/kg诱导插管,维持用异丙酚4～6 mg·kg-1·h-1+吸入1.2～1.4MAC七氟醚,手术结束同时停药.EA按五点法评估.结果 T组EA平均评分低于C组(P<0.05),EA发生率(25%)明显低于C组(65%,P<0.05).结论 OSAS手术患儿瑞米芬太尼全凭静脉麻醉后EA的发生率低于七氟醚静吸复合麻醉.     

靶控输注普鲁泊福复合芬太尼或瑞芬太尼的麻醉深度比较

目的:比较靶控输注普鲁泊福复合瑞芬太尼或芬太尼的麻醉深度和术后恢复情况. 方法:90例择期上腹部手术患者,随机分为普鲁泊福-芬太尼A组(PF-A)、普鲁泊福-芬太尼B组(PF-B)、普鲁泊福-瑞芬太尼组(PR),每组30例.普鲁泊福靶浓度均为3 μg /ml;PF-A组芬太尼靶浓度维持2 μg/L;PF-B组芬太尼初始靶浓度为4 μg/L,插管后降为2 μg/L;PR组瑞芬太尼靶浓度为6 μg/L.观察3组患者在麻醉前、气管插管前后、切皮后、术中维持时的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、脑电双频指数(BIS),以及患者的麻醉后恢复情况. 结果:PF-A组患者在气管插管后,MAP及HR显著高于插管前(P<0.05),有较明显的插管反应,切皮后各指标与插管前比较无显著差异(P>0.05).PF-B组和PR组患者的各指标在气管插管、切皮后与插管前比较,均无显著性差异(P>0.05).3组患者麻醉和手术期间各时间点BIS值无显著组间差异(P>0.05).此外,PR组患者苏醒时间明显较其他组短. 结论:4 μg/L芬太尼可以有效抑制气管插管反应,而2 μg/L芬太尼则会产生明显的插管反应,但可以有效抑制切皮反应;6 μg/L瑞芬太尼既可以抑制插管反应又可以抑制切皮反应,获得满意的临床麻醉深度.     

普鲁泊福复合异氟烷维持全麻对中耳手术麻醉后苏醒质量的影响

目的:在中耳手术中,分别应用普鲁泊福-异氟烷-芬太尼(PI组)和异氟烷-芬太尼(I组)维持全麻,比较患者全麻后的恢复.方法:34位患者在诱导插管后随机分为两组,I组(N=17)始终维持异氟烷呼出浓度在1%;PI组(N=17)在插管后即启动3 mg·kg-1·h-1的普鲁泊福输注,同时维持异氟烷呼出浓度在0.5%.手术结束后记录患者呼唤睁眼时间(T1),拔管时间(T2),离开麻醉恢复室(PACU)时间(T3),完全清醒不再嗜睡时间(T4),下地活动时间(T5)和进食时间(T6).术后24 h询问患者在麻醉过程中是否有知晓及麻醉后有无眩晕和恶心呕吐.结果:T1和T2时间在I组[分别为(9.2±3.2) min和(10.7±3.5) min]略低于PI组[分别为(11.0±4.7) min和(11.7±4.2) min],但差异无显著性统计学意义(P＞0.05),而T3-T2(PACU停留时间)、T4、 T5和T6在PI组显著少于I组(P＜0.05).结论:应用普鲁泊福-异氟烷-芬太尼维持全麻不延长患者苏醒与拔管时间,而其他恢复指标较优.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.