2A型多发性内分泌腺瘤临床特点分析

目的分析2A型多发性内分泌腺瘤(MEN)的临床特点,探讨其有效治疗方法。方法回顾性分析我院自1990年至2010年7月间收治的8例2A型MEN的临床资料,并结合文献总结诊治经验。结果经超声、CT、实验室检查均发现甲状腺髓样癌伴嗜铬细胞瘤,8例均为2A型MEN,不伴有甲亢。7例先发生甲状腺髓样癌继而出现嗜铬细胞瘤,1例同时发生甲状腺髓样癌和嗜铬细胞瘤。3例有明显家族聚集特点。肿瘤均行手术切除部分并周边淋巴结清扫。术后随访,发现效果良好。结论此病较为罕见,发病基础为ret原癌基因突变。基因诊断为确诊此病的关键手段,超声、CT及MRI为诊断该病的重要手段。手术切除是治疗的关键方法,当同时存在嗜铬细胞瘤和甲状腺髓样癌时,应首先行嗜铬细胞瘤切除。     

甲状腺髓样癌21例

甲状腺髓样癌 (medullarythyroidcarcinoma, MTC)是一种少见的起源于甲状腺滤泡旁C细胞的恶性肿瘤。为提高对甲状腺髓样癌的认识,达到早期治疗。回顾分析 1981年 1月至 2002年 12月收治的 21例MTC病例。1 临床资料:本组MTC21例,男 11例,女 10例。年龄24 ~ 77岁,平均(45±12)岁, 病程 1个月 ~20年。4例为家族性MTC,其中 3例为家族性多发性内分泌腺瘤 2A型(multipleendocrineneoplasia2A,MEN2A),有 2例为肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤首发,分别于术后 4个月和 11年发现MTC。1例为首发MTC,术后 6年发现肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤。全组血清钙均正常。…     

多发性内分泌腺瘤征候群ⅡA型(Sipple征候群)与双侧性嗜铬细胞瘤

<正> 研究了两个多发性内分泌腺瘤征候群ⅡA型的家族。其中一个家族,检查了150名成员,其中20名由于甲状腺髓样癌而切除了甲状腺,九人因嗜铬细胞瘤而作了双侧肾上腺切除。第二个家族检查了59个成员,其中7人作了甲状腺切除术,7人作了双侧肾上腺切除。     

RET原癌基因突变致多发性内分泌腺瘤病2b型临床诊治

多发性内分泌腺瘤病（MEN）2b型是RET基因突变引起的常染色体显性遗传病,常见临床表型为甲状腺髓样癌（MTC）、嗜铬细胞瘤、多发性黏膜神经瘤和类马凡体型,各表型可同时或先后发生,易漏诊。本文分析了1例MEN2b型患者病史、诊断、治疗及随访资料。本例患者1995年无诱因出现颈部增粗,诊断为"右甲状腺腺瘤";1999年发现"左侧甲状腺占位";2000年发现舌、唇黏膜增厚并突起小肿物,肿物渐增大;2009年及2010年分别行左、右肾上腺肿物切除,术后病理示：嗜铬细胞瘤。本次入院行下唇内侧局部小突起切除和双侧甲状腺次全切除术,术后病理示：舌黏膜神经瘤、MTC。患者基因测序发现RET基因第16号外显子918密码子突变（M918T）,患者父母、兄均未出现MEN2b表型特征,基因检测无异常发现。患者MTC术后1年降钙素水平仍高于参考值,结合肺部CT检查结果,考虑MTC肺部转移可能性较大。     

肾上腺髓质增生症(附15例报告)

【目的】总结肾上腺髓质增生症(AMH)的诊断和治疗经验。【方法】回顾1989年1月至2002年12月我院经手术及病理证实的15例AMH患者资料,分析AMH病因学,术前诊断及治疗结果。【结果】15例中有13例经MR检查均有异常影像,其中5例诊断为AMH,5例诊断为肾上腺瘤,3例为肾上腺占位性病变,131I-MIBG核素扫描4例,均有患侧肾上腺核素浓聚显像,其中3例诊断为AMH,1例嗜铬细胞瘤。14例行单侧肾上腺切除术,1例行一侧肾上腺全切,对侧肾上腺大部切除术。10例经开放切除术,5例采用腹腔镜切除术。13例术后痊愈,2例双侧AMH(行单侧肾上腺切除术)症状改善,仍须药物控制。【结论】AMH应与嗜铬细胞瘤鉴别诊断,根据临床症状和实验室检查做出初步初诊,MR结合131I-MIBG检查有助于AMH的进一步诊断,而最可靠的诊断是术中所见及病理检查,手术是根本的治疗方法,术前按嗜铬细胞瘤准备是必要的。     

后腹腔镜肾上腺肿瘤切除术

目的 探讨后腹腔镜在肾上腺肿瘤切除术中的应用. 方法采用腹膜后途径腹腔镜下完成11例肾上腺肿瘤切除术. 结果11例全部成功,术后病理诊断肾上腺皮质腺瘤7例,嗜铬细胞瘤2例,髓样脂肪瘤1例,肾上腺囊肿1例.术中术后均未输血,无明显并发症.结论 后腹腔镜可望成为肾上腺肿瘤切除的首选术式.     

肾上腺髓质增生症（附15例报告）

【目的】总结肾上腺髓质增生症(AMH)的诊断和治疗经验。【方法】回顾1989年1月至2002年12月我院经手术及病理证实的15例AMH患资料，分析AMH病因学，术前诊断及治疗结果。【结果】15例中有13例经MR检查均有异常影像，其中5例诊断为AMH，5例诊断为肾上腺瘤，3例为肾上腺占位性病变，^131I-MIBG核素扫描4例，均有患侧肾上腺核素浓聚显像，其中3例诊断为AMH，1例嗜铬细胞瘤。14例行单侧肾上腺切除术，1例行一侧肾上腺全切，对侧肾上腺大部切除术。10例经开放切除术，5例采用腹腔镜切除术。13例术后痊愈，2例双侧AMH(行单侧肾上腺切除术)症状改善，仍须药物控制。【结论】AMH应与嗜铬细胞瘤鉴别诊断，根据临床症状和实验室检查做出初步初诊，MR结合^131I-MIBG检查有助于AMH的进一步诊断，而最可靠的诊断是术中所见及病理检查，手术是根本的治疗方法，术前按嗜铬细胞瘤准备是必要的。     

甲状腺结节410例临床分析

1970～1990年手术治疗甲状腺结节410例。男女之比为1:4.4。年龄17—73岁。甲状腺腺瘤384例,甲状腺炎8例,结节性甲状腺肿10例,甲状腺癌8例。手术方法主要是甲状腺肿块或甲状腺部份切除术和腺叶次全切除术。在早期所作的141例甲状腺肿块或甲状腺部份切除患者中6例术后3—20年复发结节。复发率1.6％。8例甲状腺癌中.1例术后20个月死亡,其他7例术后1.5—10年仍健在。本文有一例为甲状腺髓样癌伴双侧肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤。此为罕见之多发性内分泌腺瘤病,即Sipple氏综合征。     

后腹腔镜肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤切除术疗效观察

目的 评价后腹腔镜肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤切除术的安全性和可行性.方法 采用后腹腔镜手术治疗肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤患者27例,其中左侧肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤11例,右侧14例,双侧1例.结果27例后腹腔镜手术全部获得成功,术后病理检查证实为肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤.手术时间150-191min,平均176min,术中出血90-135ml,平均102ml,术后住院时间5±2d,术中术后均未输血,术中、术后未发生重大并发症,肿瘤局部无复发.结论 后腹腔镜手术切除肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤是安全可行的,能充分体现腹腔镜手术微创、出血少、恢复快等优点,肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤是腹腔镜手术很好的适应证.     

“蜡滴状”肾上腺节细胞神经瘤的诊断与治疗

目的探讨肾上腺节细胞神经瘤的诊断及鉴别诊断,提高对该病的诊治水平。方法回顾性分析12例肾上腺节细胞神经瘤患者的临床表现和超声、CT及MRI等影像学结果,并结合相关文献提高对该病的诊断和鉴别诊断。7例患者行后腹腔镜肾上腺肿物切除术,3例行开放性肾上腺肿物切除术,2例行单孔腹腔镜肾上腺肿物切除术,患者术前均按嗜铬细胞瘤准备。结果 12例患者中11例通过术前影像学检查诊断明确与术后病理一致,1例术前考虑嗜铬细胞瘤,术后病理结果为肾上腺节细胞神经瘤。12例均顺利完成手术,术中生命体征均未见明显异常。住院时间为9～17 d,平均13.2 d,术后随访1～5年,11例未见明显复发,1例失访。结论肾上腺节细胞神经瘤为临床上罕见的良性肿瘤,多无特异性临床表现。影像学检查是诊断本病的重要手段,也是与其他肾上腺疾病相鉴别的重要方法,但最终诊断仍以病理为主。     

Diagnosis and surgical treatment of multiple endocrine neoplasia

Background Multiple endocrine neoplasia （MEN） is relatively rare. But more patients could be found by detailed examination. We discuss the diagnosis and surgical treatment of MEN. Methods The clinical data of 95 MEN cases were retrospectively analyzed. There were 30 cases of MEN1 including 19 cases from 6 families. The MEN1 gene mutation was detected in 81.48% of cases admitted after 1997. There were 22 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism （PHPT）, 10 cases of enteropanceatic tumor including 9 cases of insulinoma, 15 cases of pituitary adenoma, 9 cases of adrenal adenoma, 2 cases of thymic carcinoid. Two patients had 4 glands involved, 3 patients had 3 glands involved, 16 patients had 2 glands involved, and 6 patients had only one gland involved. Three patients had neither clinical symptoms nor biochemical changes, and was diagnosed by MEN1 gene mutation. Six patients presented with nephrolithasis and 6 patients had impaired pancreatic endocrine function. There were 60 cases of MEN2a and 5 cases of MEN2b. 58 cases of MEN2a belongs to 19 kindreds. All MEN2a patients but one presented RET gene mutation in codon 634, and all MEN2b cases had mutation in codon 918.48 cases of MEN2a had thyroid masses with elevated calcitonin levels. 27 patients had pheochromocytoma including 12 cases of multiple foci and 5 malignancy. 13 patients presented with hyperparathyroidism. 5 MEN2b patients had medullary thyroid carcinoma and mucosal ganglioneuromatosis with Marfanoid. Among them, 3 patients had bilateral pheochromocytoma. Results In MEN1, subtotal parathyroidectomy was performed in 12 patients with PHPT and one patient received parathyroid adenoma enucleation. Insulinomas were enucleated in 4 patients. Two patients underwent thymus tumor extirpation. Total thyroidectomy with bilateral dissection of regional lymph nodes was performed in 16 patients with MEN2a and nodule enucleation was performed in 9 patients. Twenty two MEN2a patients underwent pheochromocytoma enucleation including bilateral adrenal resection in 10 cases. 5 MEN2b patients underwent total thyroidectomy with bilateral lymph node dissection. Among them, 3 cases underwent bilateral adrenal operations. Conclusions MEN varies in symptoms. Germline mutation test is helpful in establishing a diagnosis. Surgical management should be aimed at the improvement of life quality in MEN1 and prevention of the fetal tumors in MEN2.     

Diagnosis and surgical treatment of multiple endocrine neoplasia

Background Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) is relatively rare. But more patients could be found by detailed examination. We discuss the diagnosis and surgical treatment of MEN. Methods The clinical data of 95 MEN cases were retrospectively analyzed. There were 30 cases of MEN1 including 19 cases from 6 families. The MEN1 gene mutation was detected in 81.48% of cases admitted after 1997. There were 22 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), 10 cases of enteropanceatic tumor including 9 cases of insulinoma, 15 cases of pituitary adenoma, 9 cases of adrenal adenoma, 2 cases of thymic carcinoid. Two patients had 4 glands involved, 3 patients had 3 glands involved, 16 patients had 2 glands involved, and 6 patients had only one gland involved. Three patients had neither clinical symptoms nor biochemical changes, and was diagnosed by MEN1 gene mutation. Six patients presented with nephrolithasis and 6 patients had impaired pancreatic endocrine function. There were 60 cases of MEN2a and 5 cases of MEN2b. 58 cases of MEN2a belongs to 19 kindreds. All MEN2a patients but one presented RET gene mutation in codon 634, and all MEN2b cases had mutation in codon 918. 48 cases of MEN2a had thyroid masses with elevated calcitonin levels. 27 patients had pheochromocytoma including 12 cases of multiple loci and 5 malignancy. 13 patients presented with hyperparathyroidism. 5 MEN2b patients had medullary thyroid carcinoma and mucosal ganglioneuromatosis with Marfanoid. Among them, 3 patients had bilateral pheochromocytoma. Results In MEN1, subtotal parathyroidectomy was performed in 12 patients with PHPT and one patient received parathyroid adenoma enucleation. Insulinomas were enucleated in 4 patients. Two patients underwent thymus tumor extirpation. Total thyroidectomy with bilateral dissection of regional lymph nodes was performed in 16 patients with MEN2a and nodule enucleation was performed in 9 patients. Twenty two MEN2a patients underwent pheochromocytoma enucleation including bilateral adrenal resection in 10 cases. 5 MEN2b patients underwent total thyroidectomy with bilateral lymph node dissection. Among them, 3 cases underwent bilateral adrenal operations. Conclusions MEN varies in symptoms. Germline mutation test is helpful in establishing a diagnosis. Surgical management should be aimed at the improvement of life quality in MEN1 and prevention of the fetal tumors in MEN2.     

Diagnosis and surgical treatment of multiple endocrine neoplasia

Background Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) is relatively rare. But more patients could be found by detailed examination. We discuss the diagnosis and surgical treatment of MEN. Methods The clinical data of 95 MEN cases were retrospectively analyzed. There were 30 cases of MEN1 including 19 cases from 6 families. The MEN1 gene mutation was detected in 81.48% of cases admitted after 1997. There were 22 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), 10 cases of enteropanceatic tumor including 9 cases of insulinoma, 15 cases of pituitary adenoma, 9 cases of adrenal adenoma, 2 cases of thymic carcinoid. Two patients had 4 glands involved, 3 patients had 3 glands involved, 16 patients had 2 glands involved, and 6 patients had only one gland involved. Three patients had neither clinical symptoms nor biochemical changes, and was diagnosed by MEN1 gene mutation. Six patients presented with nephrolithasis and 6 patients had impaired pancreatic endocrine function. There were 60 cases of MEN2a and 5 cases of MEN2b. 58 cases of MEN2a belongs to 19 kindreds. All MEN2a patients but one presented RET gene mutation in codon 634, and all MEN2b cases had mutation in codon 918. 48 cases of MEN2a had thyroid masses with elevated calcitonin levels. 27 patients had pheochromocytoma including 12 cases of multiple loci and 5 malignancy. 13 patients presented with hyperparathyroidism. 5 MEN2b patients had medullary thyroid carcinoma and mucosal ganglioneuromatosis with Marfanoid. Among them, 3 patients had bilateral pheochromocytoma. Results In MEN1, subtotal parathyroidectomy was performed in 12 patients with PHPT and one patient received parathyroid adenoma enucleation. Insulinomas were enucleated in 4 patients. Two patients underwent thymus tumor extirpation. Total thyroidectomy with bilateral dissection of regional lymph nodes was performed in 16 patients with MEN2a and nodule enucleation was performed in 9 patients. Twenty two MEN2a patients underwent pheochromocytoma enucleation including bilateral adrenal resection in 10 cases. 5 MEN2b patients underwent total thyroidectomy with bilateral lymph node dissection. Among them, 3 cases underwent bilateral adrenal operations. Conclusions MEN varies in symptoms. Germline mutation test is helpful in establishing a diagnosis. Surgical management should be aimed at the improvement of life quality in MEN1 and prevention of the fetal tumors in MEN2.     

Diagnosis and surgical treatment of multiple endocrine neoplasia

Background Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) is relatively rare. But more patients could be found by detailed examination. We discuss the diagnosis and surgical treatment of MEN. Methods The clinical data of 95 MEN cases were retrospectively analyzed. There were 30 cases of MEN1 including 19 cases from 6 families. The MEN1 gene mutation was detected in 81.48% of cases admitted after 1997. There were 22 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), 10 cases of enteropanceatic tumor including 9 cases of insulinoma, 15 cases of pituitary adenoma, 9 cases of adrenal adenoma, 2 cases of thymic carcinoid. Two patients had 4 glands involved, 3 patients had 3 glands involved, 16 patients had 2 glands involved, and 6 patients had only one gland involved. Three patients had neither clinical symptoms nor biochemical changes, and was diagnosed by MEN1 gene mutation. Six patients presented with nephrolithasis and 6 patients had impaired pancreatic endocrine function. There were 60 cases of MEN2a and 5 cases of MEN2b. 58 cases of MEN2a belongs to 19 kindreds. All MEN2a patients but one presented RET gene mutation in codon 634, and all MEN2b cases had mutation in codon 918. 48 cases of MEN2a had thyroid masses with elevated calcitonin levels. 27 patients had pheochromocytoma including 12 cases of multiple loci and 5 malignancy. 13 patients presented with hyperparathyroidism. 5 MEN2b patients had medullary thyroid carcinoma and mucosal ganglioneuromatosis with Marfanoid. Among them, 3 patients had bilateral pheochromocytoma. Results In MEN1, subtotal parathyroidectomy was performed in 12 patients with PHPT and one patient received parathyroid adenoma enucleation. Insulinomas were enucleated in 4 patients. Two patients underwent thymus tumor extirpation. Total thyroidectomy with bilateral dissection of regional lymph nodes was performed in 16 patients with MEN2a and nodule enucleation was performed in 9 patients. Twenty two MEN2a patients underwent pheochromocytoma enucleation including bilateral adrenal resection in 10 cases. 5 MEN2b patients underwent total thyroidectomy with bilateral lymph node dissection. Among them, 3 cases underwent bilateral adrenal operations. Conclusions MEN varies in symptoms. Germline mutation test is helpful in establishing a diagnosis. Surgical management should be aimed at the improvement of life quality in MEN1 and prevention of the fetal tumors in MEN2.     

Diagnosis and surgical treatment of multiple endocrine neoplasia

Background Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) is relatively rare. But more patients could be found by detailed examination. We discuss the diagnosis and surgical treatment of MEN. Methods The clinical data of 95 MEN cases were retrospectively analyzed. There were 30 cases of MEN1 including 19 cases from 6 families. The MEN1 gene mutation was detected in 81.48% of cases admitted after 1997. There were 22 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), 10 cases of enteropanceatic tumor including 9 cases of insulinoma, 15 cases of pituitary adenoma, 9 cases of adrenal adenoma, 2 cases of thymic carcinoid. Two patients had 4 glands involved, 3 patients had 3 glands involved, 16 patients had 2 glands involved, and 6 patients had only one gland involved. Three patients had neither clinical symptoms nor biochemical changes, and was diagnosed by MEN1 gene mutation. Six patients presented with nephrolithasis and 6 patients had impaired pancreatic endocrine function. There were 60 cases of MEN2a and 5 cases of MEN2b. 58 cases of MEN2a belongs to 19 kindreds. All MEN2a patients but one presented RET gene mutation in codon 634, and all MEN2b cases had mutation in codon 918. 48 cases of MEN2a had thyroid masses with elevated calcitonin levels. 27 patients had pheochromocytoma including 12 cases of multiple loci and 5 malignancy. 13 patients presented with hyperparathyroidism. 5 MEN2b patients had medullary thyroid carcinoma and mucosal ganglioneuromatosis with Marfanoid. Among them, 3 patients had bilateral pheochromocytoma. Results In MEN1, subtotal parathyroidectomy was performed in 12 patients with PHPT and one patient received parathyroid adenoma enucleation. Insulinomas were enucleated in 4 patients. Two patients underwent thymus tumor extirpation. Total thyroidectomy with bilateral dissection of regional lymph nodes was performed in 16 patients with MEN2a and nodule enucleation was performed in 9 patients. Twenty two MEN2a patients underwent pheochromocytoma enucleation including bilateral adrenal resection in 10 cases. 5 MEN2b patients underwent total thyroidectomy with bilateral lymph node dissection. Among them, 3 cases underwent bilateral adrenal operations. Conclusions MEN varies in symptoms. Germline mutation test is helpful in establishing a diagnosis. Surgical management should be aimed at the improvement of life quality in MEN1 and prevention of the fetal tumors in MEN2.     

Diagnosis and surgical treatment of multiple endocrine neoplasia

Background Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) is relatively rare. But more patients could be found by detailed examination. We discuss the diagnosis and surgical treatment of MEN. Methods The clinical data of 95 MEN cases were retrospectively analyzed. There were 30 cases of MEN1 including 19 cases from 6 families. The MEN1 gene mutation was detected in 81.48% of cases admitted after 1997. There were 22 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), 10 cases of enteropanceatic tumor including 9 cases of insulinoma, 15 cases of pituitary adenoma, 9 cases of adrenal adenoma, 2 cases of thymic carcinoid. Two patients had 4 glands involved, 3 patients had 3 glands involved, 16 patients had 2 glands involved, and 6 patients had only one gland involved. Three patients had neither clinical symptoms nor biochemical changes, and was diagnosed by MEN1 gene mutation. Six patients presented with nephrolithasis and 6 patients had impaired pancreatic endocrine function. There were 60 cases of MEN2a and 5 cases of MEN2b. 58 cases of MEN2a belongs to 19 kindreds. All MEN2a patients but one presented RET gene mutation in codon 634, and all MEN2b cases had mutation in codon 918. 48 cases of MEN2a had thyroid masses with elevated calcitonin levels. 27 patients had pheochromocytoma including 12 cases of multiple loci and 5 malignancy. 13 patients presented with hyperparathyroidism. 5 MEN2b patients had medullary thyroid carcinoma and mucosal ganglioneuromatosis with Marfanoid. Among them, 3 patients had bilateral pheochromocytoma. Results In MEN1, subtotal parathyroidectomy was performed in 12 patients with PHPT and one patient received parathyroid adenoma enucleation. Insulinomas were enucleated in 4 patients. Two patients underwent thymus tumor extirpation. Total thyroidectomy with bilateral dissection of regional lymph nodes was performed in 16 patients with MEN2a and nodule enucleation was performed in 9 patients. Twenty two MEN2a patients underwent pheochromocytoma enucleation including bilateral adrenal resection in 10 cases. 5 MEN2b patients underwent total thyroidectomy with bilateral lymph node dissection. Among them, 3 cases underwent bilateral adrenal operations. Conclusions MEN varies in symptoms. Germline mutation test is helpful in establishing a diagnosis. Surgical management should be aimed at the improvement of life quality in MEN1 and prevention of the fetal tumors in MEN2.     

Diagnosis and surgical treatment of multiple endocrine neoplasia

Background Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) is relatively rare. But more patients could be found by detailed examination. We discuss the diagnosis and surgical treatment of MEN. Methods The clinical data of 95 MEN cases were retrospectively analyzed. There were 30 cases of MEN1 including 19 cases from 6 families. The MEN1 gene mutation was detected in 81.48% of cases admitted after 1997. There were 22 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), 10 cases of enteropanceatic tumor including 9 cases of insulinoma, 15 cases of pituitary adenoma, 9 cases of adrenal adenoma, 2 cases of thymic carcinoid. Two patients had 4 glands involved, 3 patients had 3 glands involved, 16 patients had 2 glands involved, and 6 patients had only one gland involved. Three patients had neither clinical symptoms nor biochemical changes, and was diagnosed by MEN1 gene mutation. Six patients presented with nephrolithasis and 6 patients had impaired pancreatic endocrine function. There were 60 cases of MEN2a and 5 cases of MEN2b. 58 cases of MEN2a belongs to 19 kindreds. All MEN2a patients but one presented RET gene mutation in codon 634, and all MEN2b cases had mutation in codon 918. 48 cases of MEN2a had thyroid masses with elevated calcitonin levels. 27 patients had pheochromocytoma including 12 cases of multiple loci and 5 malignancy. 13 patients presented with hyperparathyroidism. 5 MEN2b patients had medullary thyroid carcinoma and mucosal ganglioneuromatosis with Marfanoid. Among them, 3 patients had bilateral pheochromocytoma. Results In MEN1, subtotal parathyroidectomy was performed in 12 patients with PHPT and one patient received parathyroid adenoma enucleation. Insulinomas were enucleated in 4 patients. Two patients underwent thymus tumor extirpation. Total thyroidectomy with bilateral dissection of regional lymph nodes was performed in 16 patients with MEN2a and nodule enucleation was performed in 9 patients. Twenty two MEN2a patients underwent pheochromocytoma enucleation including bilateral adrenal resection in 10 cases. 5 MEN2b patients underwent total thyroidectomy with bilateral lymph node dissection. Among them, 3 cases underwent bilateral adrenal operations. Conclusions MEN varies in symptoms. Germline mutation test is helpful in establishing a diagnosis. Surgical management should be aimed at the improvement of life quality in MEN1 and prevention of the fetal tumors in MEN2.     

Diagnosis and surgical treatment of multiple endocrine neoplasia

Background Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) is relatively rare. But more patients could be found by detailed examination. We discuss the diagnosis and surgical treatment of MEN. Methods The clinical data of 95 MEN cases were retrospectively analyzed. There were 30 cases of MEN1 including 19 cases from 6 families. The MEN1 gene mutation was detected in 81.48% of cases admitted after 1997. There were 22 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), 10 cases of enteropanceatic tumor including 9 cases of insulinoma, 15 cases of pituitary adenoma, 9 cases of adrenal adenoma, 2 cases of thymic carcinoid. Two patients had 4 glands involved, 3 patients had 3 glands involved, 16 patients had 2 glands involved, and 6 patients had only one gland involved. Three patients had neither clinical symptoms nor biochemical changes, and was diagnosed by MEN1 gene mutation. Six patients presented with nephrolithasis and 6 patients had impaired pancreatic endocrine function. There were 60 cases of MEN2a and 5 cases of MEN2b. 58 cases of MEN2a belongs to 19 kindreds. All MEN2a patients but one presented RET gene mutation in codon 634, and all MEN2b cases had mutation in codon 918. 48 cases of MEN2a had thyroid masses with elevated calcitonin levels. 27 patients had pheochromocytoma including 12 cases of multiple loci and 5 malignancy. 13 patients presented with hyperparathyroidism. 5 MEN2b patients had medullary thyroid carcinoma and mucosal ganglioneuromatosis with Marfanoid. Among them, 3 patients had bilateral pheochromocytoma. Results In MEN1, subtotal parathyroidectomy was performed in 12 patients with PHPT and one patient received parathyroid adenoma enucleation. Insulinomas were enucleated in 4 patients. Two patients underwent thymus tumor extirpation. Total thyroidectomy with bilateral dissection of regional lymph nodes was performed in 16 patients with MEN2a and nodule enucleation was performed in 9 patients. Twenty two MEN2a patients underwent pheochromocytoma enucleation including bilateral adrenal resection in 10 cases. 5 MEN2b patients underwent total thyroidectomy with bilateral lymph node dissection. Among them, 3 cases underwent bilateral adrenal operations. Conclusions MEN varies in symptoms. Germline mutation test is helpful in establishing a diagnosis. Surgical management should be aimed at the improvement of life quality in MEN1 and prevention of the fetal tumors in MEN2.     

Diagnosis and surgical treatment of multiple endocrine neoplasia

Background Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) is relatively rare. But more patients could be found by detailed examination. We discuss the diagnosis and surgical treatment of MEN. Methods The clinical data of 95 MEN cases were retrospectively analyzed. There were 30 cases of MEN1 including 19 cases from 6 families. The MEN1 gene mutation was detected in 81.48% of cases admitted after 1997. There were 22 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), 10 cases of enteropanceatic tumor including 9 cases of insulinoma, 15 cases of pituitary adenoma, 9 cases of adrenal adenoma, 2 cases of thymic carcinoid. Two patients had 4 glands involved, 3 patients had 3 glands involved, 16 patients had 2 glands involved, and 6 patients had only one gland involved. Three patients had neither clinical symptoms nor biochemical changes, and was diagnosed by MEN1 gene mutation. Six patients presented with nephrolithasis and 6 patients had impaired pancreatic endocrine function. There were 60 cases of MEN2a and 5 cases of MEN2b. 58 cases of MEN2a belongs to 19 kindreds. All MEN2a patients but one presented RET gene mutation in codon 634, and all MEN2b cases had mutation in codon 918. 48 cases of MEN2a had thyroid masses with elevated calcitonin levels. 27 patients had pheochromocytoma including 12 cases of multiple loci and 5 malignancy. 13 patients presented with hyperparathyroidism. 5 MEN2b patients had medullary thyroid carcinoma and mucosal ganglioneuromatosis with Marfanoid. Among them, 3 patients had bilateral pheochromocytoma. Results In MEN1, subtotal parathyroidectomy was performed in 12 patients with PHPT and one patient received parathyroid adenoma enucleation. Insulinomas were enucleated in 4 patients. Two patients underwent thymus tumor extirpation. Total thyroidectomy with bilateral dissection of regional lymph nodes was performed in 16 patients with MEN2a and nodule enucleation was performed in 9 patients. Twenty two MEN2a patients underwent pheochromocytoma enucleation including bilateral adrenal resection in 10 cases. 5 MEN2b patients underwent total thyroidectomy with bilateral lymph node dissection. Among them, 3 cases underwent bilateral adrenal operations. Conclusions MEN varies in symptoms. Germline mutation test is helpful in establishing a diagnosis. Surgical management should be aimed at the improvement of life quality in MEN1 and prevention of the fetal tumors in MEN2.     

Diagnosis and surgical treatment of multiple endocrine neoplasia

Background Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) is relatively rare. But more patients could be found by detailed examination. We discuss the diagnosis and surgical treatment of MEN. Methods The clinical data of 95 MEN cases were retrospectively analyzed. There were 30 cases of MEN1 including 19 cases from 6 families. The MEN1 gene mutation was detected in 81.48% of cases admitted after 1997. There were 22 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), 10 cases of enteropanceatic tumor including 9 cases of insulinoma, 15 cases of pituitary adenoma, 9 cases of adrenal adenoma, 2 cases of thymic carcinoid. Two patients had 4 glands involved, 3 patients had 3 glands involved, 16 patients had 2 glands involved, and 6 patients had only one gland involved. Three patients had neither clinical symptoms nor biochemical changes, and was diagnosed by MEN1 gene mutation. Six patients presented with nephrolithasis and 6 patients had impaired pancreatic endocrine function. There were 60 cases of MEN2a and 5 cases of MEN2b. 58 cases of MEN2a belongs to 19 kindreds. All MEN2a patients but one presented RET gene mutation in codon 634, and all MEN2b cases had mutation in codon 918. 48 cases of MEN2a had thyroid masses with elevated calcitonin levels. 27 patients had pheochromocytoma including 12 cases of multiple loci and 5 malignancy. 13 patients presented with hyperparathyroidism. 5 MEN2b patients had medullary thyroid carcinoma and mucosal ganglioneuromatosis with Marfanoid. Among them, 3 patients had bilateral pheochromocytoma. Results In MEN1, subtotal parathyroidectomy was performed in 12 patients with PHPT and one patient received parathyroid adenoma enucleation. Insulinomas were enucleated in 4 patients. Two patients underwent thymus tumor extirpation. Total thyroidectomy with bilateral dissection of regional lymph nodes was performed in 16 patients with MEN2a and nodule enucleation was performed in 9 patients. Twenty two MEN2a patients underwent pheochromocytoma enucleation including bilateral adrenal resection in 10 cases. 5 MEN2b patients underwent total thyroidectomy with bilateral lymph node dissection. Among them, 3 cases underwent bilateral adrenal operations. Conclusions MEN varies in symptoms. Germline mutation test is helpful in establishing a diagnosis. Surgical management should be aimed at the improvement of life quality in MEN1 and prevention of the fetal tumors in MEN2.