带血管蒂骨膜瓣移位修复肱骨不连和肱骨难愈性骨折

目的探讨带不同血管蒂骨膜瓣移位修复肱骨中、下段骨不连及难愈性骨折的应用价值。方法1995年以来,通过对肱动脉肌间隙支、桡侧副动脉和骨间返动脉的应用解剖学研究,创用了以上述血管为蒂的骨膜瓣移位术,并总结临床应用情况。结果经临床施术51例,效果满意。结论肱动脉肌间隙支肱骨中段骨膜瓣供修复肱骨中下段;桡侧副动脉肱骨下段骨膜瓣适合修复肱骨中段或中下段;骨间返动脉尺骨上段骨膜瓣逆向移位则用于修复肱骨下段髁上区。     

截骨延长髂骨植骨治疗桡骨远端陈旧性骨折并下尺桡关节脱位

目的探讨截骨延长、髂骨块植骨加锁定钢板治疗桡骨远端陈旧性骨折并下尺桡关节脱位的方法及疗效。方法对30例桡骨远端陈旧性骨折短缩畸形伴下尺桡关节脱位的患者行截骨延长加髂骨块植骨、桡骨远端锁定钢板内固定治疗。结果 30例均获得随访,时间12~15个月。患者腕关节前屈、后伸、尺偏、桡偏、旋前和旋后功能较术前均明显改善(P0.05),术后桡骨短缩、掌倾角及尺偏角与术前比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。根据Garland-Werley功能评定:优21例,良5例,可2例,差2例,优良率86.7%。术后未出现桡骨高度丢失、内固定失败及骨不连等并发症。结论截骨延长、髂骨块植骨加锁定钢板治疗桡骨远端陈旧性骨折并下尺桡关节脱位有利于恢复腕关节的正常解剖结构,明显改善腕关节功能,减少创伤性关节炎的发生。     

外固定支架联合带血管骨瓣植骨在距骨颈骨折治疗中的应用

目的探讨外固定支架联合带血管骨瓣植骨治疗距骨颈骨折的疗效。方法回顾性分析2004年1月～2005年3月收治的7例距骨颈骨折患者,按Hawkins分型:Ⅱ型6例,Ⅲ型1例,分别采用手法闭合复位(1例)和切开复位(6例)经皮空心螺钉内固定治疗,7例患者均在上述处理后加外固定支架跨关节固定联合带血管的骨瓣植骨治疗。术后观察骨愈合、骨坏死及后足功能情况。结果7例患者均获得随访,随访13～24个月,平均17个月。7例均获骨性愈合,无一例发生缺血性骨坏死。后足功能按Maryland评分系统进行评估,结果:优5例,良2例。1例合并距骨体骨折患者出现明显的胫距关节骨关节炎,最后行胫距关节融合术。结论外固定支架联合带血管骨瓣植骨能有效地防止距骨颈骨折后缺血性骨坏死,但远期效果尚须进一步观察。     

Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of bilateral distal humerus treated by arthroplasty using costal osteochondral graft: case report

We report the case of a 43-year-old man with steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the distal humerus in both arms. Costal osteochondral autografts were used to restore both joints with satisfactory outcomes.     

Pseudarthrosis of the surgical neck of humerus treated by buttressing with a medial cortico-cancellous graft

Background:

Pseudarthrosis of surgical neck of humerus is uncommon condition. Different methods of improving the stability of fixation have been described, including impaling the shaft into the head, placing a tension suture through the rotator cuff, or using an intramedullary cortical graft. We report our results of cortico-cancellous strut graft medially to counter the varus force, in conjunction with a fixed-angle implant on the lateral side.

Materials and Methods:

We used this technique in seven cases of pseudarthrosis of surgical neck of the humerus. There were four women and three men, ranging in age from 22 to 65 years. All were treated with a tricortical medial buttress bone graft and fixed-angle fixation device on the lateral side. A locking proximal humerus plate (Synthes) was used in six cases, and a bent reconstruction plate (Synthes) was applied in one case. The one in which reconstruction plate was applied was operated before the advent of locking plates. The limb was immobilized in 30° of abduction over a cushion for 6 weeks, followed by a sling for another 6 weeks.

Results:

The followup varied from 18 to 96 months. All our cases healed within mean 5.1 months (range 4–6 months). There was one case of avascular necrosis. All cases had useful function of shoulder.

Conclusion:

The medial buttressing by strut graft with external fixation by laterally placed fixed angle plate is successful to achieve fracture union in pseudarthrosis of surgical neck of humerus.     

Predictive factors for vascularized iliac bone graft for nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head

We reviewed the results of 35 operations performed on 29 patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head in which a pedicle iliac bone was utilized. The average age was 35 years (17–62). There were 28 patients of stage 2 and 7 of stage 3; there were 17 type C-1 hips and 18 type C-2 hips. The pedicle bone was inserted in the anterolateral direction of the femoral head. The average follow-up period was 8 years and 7 months. Collapse of the femoral head occurred in 19 hip joints. Although 16 of 28 stage 2 hips showed collapse, all 7 stage 3 hips resulted in collapse. Thirteen of 17 hips did not show collapse in patients with type C-1 necrosis, whereas 15 of 18 hips developed collapse in patients with type C-2 necrosis. When the bone graft was inserted in the anterolateral direction of the femoral head, incidence of collapse was reduced. These results indicate that deep circumflex iliac pedicle bone graft may be indicated for stage 2 type C-1 necrosis, and that the penetration of the graft into the anterolateral aspect of the lesion is essential for the procedure to succeed.     

切开复位空心螺钉固定并自体植骨治疗股骨颈骨折

2003年5月～2008年5月,我科采用切开复位、空心螺钉固定、自体髂骨植骨治疗股骨颈骨折26例,效果较好。 1材料与方法1．1病例资料本组26例,男14例,女12例,年龄17～71岁,其中≤30岁2例,31～40岁4例,41～60岁14例,〉60岁6例。按骨折线分型：头下型18例,头颈型5例,经颈型3例（均骨折移位明显）。新     

A biomechanical evaluation of lateral plating of distal radial shaft fractures

PURPOSE: In this ex vivo biomechanical study we compared the maximum anterior/posterior bending moment, maximum torque, torsional stiffness, and twist angle at failure of distal radial shaft (Galeazzi) fractures stabilized with lateral plating (LP) and anterior plating (AP) and subjected to 4-point anterior/posterior bending and torsion. METHODS: Simulated fractures (oblique osteotomy between the middle and distal thirds of each radius) were created in 21 pairs of fresh, unembalmed, cadaver radii. One radius from each pair was stabilized with AP (n = 21); the contralateral radius was stabilized with LP (n = 21). Eleven pairs of specimens were tested to failure in torsion; the remaining 10 pairs were tested to failure in 4-point anterior/posterior bending. Differences between plating groups were checked for significance using paired t-tests. RESULTS: AP fixation was stronger in torsion (12.8 +/- 5.6 N-m) and anterior/posterior bending (40.1 +/- 25.7 N-m) than LP fixation (10.7 +/- 5.6 N-m and 36.0 +/- 30.5 N-m, respectively), although the differences were not significant. Similarly there was no significant difference in twist angle at failure (29 degrees +/- 13 degrees vs 23 degrees +/- 10 degrees ) or in torsional stiffness (0.6 +/- 0.2 N-m/ degrees vs 0. 6 +/- 0.2 N-m/ degrees ) between AP and LP fixations, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Because LP fixation was not mechanically superior to AP fixation and required additional tendon elevation and dissection of the dorsal sensory nerve and possibly of the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerves, AP fixation appears to be the preferable treatment for Galeazzi fractures.     

抗生素骨水泥柱占位联合植骨治疗股骨远端开放骨折骨缺损的疗效分析

目的: 探讨抗生素骨水泥柱占位联合髂骨植骨在股骨远端开放骨折骨缺损治疗中的有效性及初步疗效。方法: 回顾性分析2014年10月至2021年3月采用抗生素骨水泥柱占位联合髂骨植骨技术治疗股骨远端开放骨折骨缺损16例,其中男12例,女4例;年龄28~68岁。车祸伤11例,高处坠落伤5例,Gustilo分型Ⅰ型3例,Ⅱ型5例,ⅢA型8例。采用AO分型:C2型9例,C3型7例。从受伤至接受最终植骨手术时间为4~119 d。骨缺长损度2~10 cm。记录患者骨折愈合时间、并发症、膝关节功能Merchan评分。结果: 本组16例患者均获得随访,随访时间9~29个月。16例患者切口均Ⅰ期愈合,无术后感染、钢板断裂、肢体短缩及膝内外翻畸形等并发症。骨折愈合时间为4~10个月。膝关节功能根据Merchan评分标准评估,优8例,良4例,可3例,差1例。结论: 采用抗生素骨水泥柱占位联合髂骨植骨治疗股骨远端开放复杂骨折骨缺损有助于预防感染、协助骨折复位,增加固定强度,减少植骨量,是一种有效的手术方式。     

The use of tricorticocancellous bone graft in severely comminuted intra-articular fractures of the distal radius

PURPOSE: We report the results of a retrospective study of the use of tricorticocancellous iliac crest bone graft in 12 patients with acute AO type C3.2 or type C3.3 fractures of the distal radius who were followed up for at least 1 year. METHODS: Twelve of 17 patients treated with the protocol were available for follow-up evaluation. All fractures were treated with open reduction and combined internal and external fixation. Five fractures were plated dorsally, 1 volarly, and 5 volarly and dorsally. RESULTS: Five patients had AO type C3.2 fractures and 7 had AO type C3.3 fractures. Nine of 10 radiographic parameters that were restored to near-normal values during the surgery were maintained at near-normal levels at the final follow-up evaluation at a mean of 28 months after surgery. Nine fractures had less than 2 mm of articular step-off of the distal radius and 8 had less than 3 mm of total articular incongruity (gap plus step-off). In 10 patients the radial length was restored to at least 10 mm. The mean arc of flexion-extension was 67% and the mean grip strength was 57% of that of the uninjured side. According to the Gartland and Werley demerit-point system 5 of the patients had good or excellent results. According to the modified Green and O'Brien clinical rating system 2 patients had good or excellent results. Poor results for 2 patients according to the demerit-point system and for 6 patients according to the Green and O'Brien clinical rating system were associated with severe ipsilateral soft-tissue and osseous injuries of the wrist, forearm, and arm. The total articular incongruity had a moderately strong correlation with the outcome as assessed by the demerit-point system. CONCLUSIONS: Tricorticocancellous bone grafting in conjunction with combined internal and external fixation is a satisfactory treatment that can lead to a high rate of return to work and sports, a high level of patient satisfaction, and a low rate of complications. TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, Level IV.     

Use of vascularized pedicle iliac bone graft in the treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head

A vascularized pedicle iliac bone graft was performed in patients with extensive necrosis in whom the necrotic area occupied more than two-thirds of the femoral head. The purpose of this procedure is to supply vascularity and mechanical strength to the avascular femoral head. Our series consisted of 18 hips. The patients’ age at surgery ranged from 21 to 55 years. Fourteen hips were identified as stage II and 4 hips as stage III. Iliac bone graft alone was performed in 4 stage II joints. Transtrochanteric anterior rotational osteotomy of the femoral head was done additionally in 10 stage II joints and 4 stage III joints. In the group who underwent iliac bone graft alone, the mean Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score improved from 58.5 to 63.8 (mean follow-up 52 months). In the group who underwent combination procedure with osteotomy, the mean JOA score improved from 71.7 to 85.0 (mean follow-up 43 months). Stage progression was noted in 3 of 4 joints in the group who underwent iliac bone graft alone. In the group who underwent the combined procedure, stage progression was noted in 2 of 10 joints at more than 1 year after operation. A vascularized pedicle iliac bone graft to treat avascular necrosis of the femoral head is considered promising for joint preservation. Received: 19 October 2000     

可吸收软骨钉结合植骨治疗桡骨小头骨折

目的探讨可吸收软骨钉结合植骨治疗MasonⅡ、Ⅲ型桡骨小头骨折的疗效。方法采用切开复位、可吸收软骨钉结合植骨内固定治疗桡骨小头骨折22例。结果 22例均获随访,时间6～15个月。疗效评定根据Mayo标准:优12例,良8例,可2例。结论可吸收软骨钉结合植骨治疗桡骨小头骨折手术操作简单,损伤小,内固定稳定,可早期功能锻炼,避免再次手术,临床效果满意。     

多肌蒂髂骨瓣治疗陈旧性股骨颈骨折

目的探讨治疗陈旧性青壮年股骨颈骨折的新技术：方法对11例陈旧性股骨颈骨折切开复位、二枚螺纹钉内固定，用缝匠肌阔筋膜张肌蒂髂骨瓣植骨、克氏针固定，适度制动及功能锻炼。结果术后平均132d骨折均获愈合，平均随访36个月，按Harris评分优7例，良2例，可1例，关节功能满意，恢复日常工作，无股骨头缺血坏死。结论采用切开复位内固定加多肌蒂髂骨瓣植骨治疗陈旧性青壮年股骨颈骨折，对促进骨折愈合、预防股骨头缺血坏死具有重要价值。     

带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣转移治疗青壮年陈旧性股骨颈骨折

目的：探讨用带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣转移治疗青壮年陈旧性股骨颈骨折的疗效。方法：采用经前路切开复位带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣转移及多螺钉内固定治疗青壮年陈旧性股骨颈骨折36例，结果：经1．5－5年随访，优良率为89．2％，股骨头无菌性坏死率为3％，疗效满意，结论：带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣具有充足血供，能明显提高股骨颈骨折的治愈率，减少股骨头无菌性坏死的发生，对治疗青壮年陈旧性股骨颈骨折有重要价值。     

股方肌骨瓣移植治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折

目的 探讨股方肌骨瓣移植治疗青壮年头下型和经颈型股骨颈骨折的疗效。方法 26例全部采用可折断螺钉固定加股方肌骨瓣移植。结果 26例随访时间3-8年，疗效评定按童星杰等制定的标准，优19例（73.1%)。良6例（23.1%)。差1例（3.8%)。结论 采用可折断螺钉固定股方肌骨瓣移植治疗青壮年头下型和经颈型股骨颈骨折，疗效较好。尤其适合于经颈型股骨颈骨折。     

两种入路治疗C3型肱骨远端骨折的疗效比较

目的 比较肘关节侧方入路和后方入路治疗C3型肱骨远端骨折的临床疗效.方法 将37例C3型肱骨远端骨折患者根据手术入路不同分为观察组(15例,采用侧方入路)和对照组(22例,采用后方入路).记录切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、肘关节屈伸活动度、前臂旋转活动度及术后并发症情况.末次随访时采用改良Cassebaum评分标准评...     

带血管蒂髂骨瓣移位治疗股骨颈骨折术后股骨头缺血性坏死

目的 探讨应用带血管蒂髂骨瓣移位治疗股骨颈骨折术后股骨头缺血性坏死(avascular necrosis of femoral head,ANFH)的疗效.方法 2002年6月-2006年12月,采用带血管蒂髂骨瓣移位治疗股骨颈骨折内固定术后ANFH 22例22髋.男18例,女4例;年龄28～48岁,平均37.5岁.左...     

肱骨远端冠状面骨折的诊治体会

目的探讨肱骨远端冠状面骨折诊治方法及预后。方法根据Bryan-Morrey分型对10例肱骨远端冠状面骨折患者采用手术内固定治疗或骨块切除治疗。结果患者均获得随访,时间8~12个月。根据Broberg-Morrey肘关节功能评分:8例(Ⅰ型5例,Ⅱ型1例,Ⅳ型2例)手术内固定患者中优5例,良1例,一般2例;2例(Ⅲ型)骨块切除患者中一般1例,差1例。结论肱骨远端冠状面骨折根据不同分型采取不同的外科处理方法,即可获得良好的临床效果与满意度。