共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Carlos Pérez-Campaña Vanessa Gómez-Vallejo Maria Puigivila Abraham Martin Teresa Calvo-Fernández Sergio E. Moya Søren Thor Larsen Juan D. Gispert Jordi Llop 《Molecular imaging and biology》2014,16(2):264-273
Purpose
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the use of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose ([18F]FDG) as a noninvasive strategy to assess the time course of inflammatory processes after inhalation of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) in rats.Procedures
Healthy, male Sprague–Dawley rats (n?=?30) were divided in two groups of 15 animals each. Animals from one group (n?=?15) were submitted to ZnO NPs inhalation in a chamber (10 nm to 4 μm particle size; maximum in number concentration, ~200 nm; concentration?=?245 mg/m3). Animals from the other group (n?=?15, sham group) were also exposed following the same procedure, but no NPs were introduced into the chamber. Six animals per group were submitted to [18F]FDG-positron emission tomography (PET) studies at days 1, 7, and 28 after exposition, and the [18F]FDG influx constant (K i ) for the lungs was calculated using Patlak graphical analysis and an image derived blood input function. Nine animals per group were killed at 1, 7 and 28 days after exposure (n?=?3 per group and time point), and the lungs were harvested and submitted to immunohistochemical and histological analysis.Results
Significantly higher mean whole-lung K i values were obtained for animals exposed to NPs at days 1 and 7 after exposure (0.0045?±?0.0016 min?1 and 0.0047?±?0.0015 min?1, respectively) compared to controls (0.0024?±?0.0010 min?1 and 0.0019?±?0.0011 min?1 at 1 and 7 days, respectively). The K i value for exposed animals dropped to 0.0023?±?0.0010 min?1 at day 28. This value was not significantly different from the values obtained at 1, 7, and 28 days for the control group. Immunofluorescence staining on lung tissue slices from animals exposed to ZnO NPs showed an increase in CD11b reactivity at days 1 and 7, followed by a decrease in CD11b positive cells at 28 days. Hematoxylin–eosin staining showed histological alterations in the exposed lungs to ZnO NPs at days 1 and 7 that recovered at 28 days postexposure.Conclusions
The [18F]FDG influx rate constant (K i ) could be determined by PET using Patlak analysis and a corrected image derived input function. Higher K i values were obtained for animals exposed to ZnO NPs at days 1 and 7 after exposition. These results were in good concordance with immunohistochemical assays performed on harvested tissue samples. 相似文献2.
Jian Shuang Wu 《Remote sensing letters.》2018,9(2):150-159
Aboveground biomass (AGB) is a vital variable in global carbon cycling and plays important roles in ecosystem structure and function in grasslands. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Collection 6 leaf area index (LAI) and fractional photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by vegetation (FPAR) data were used to model AGB in alpine grasslands in the Northern Tibetan Plateau. MYD15A2H (derived from the Aqua MODIS with a temporal resolution of eight days) FPAR/LAI with lower RMSE values (<18 g m?2) may have higher estimated accuracies than MOD15A2H (derived from the Terra MODIS with a temporal resolution of eight days), MCD15A2H (derived from the combination of Terra MODIS and Aqua MODIS with a temporal resolution of eight days) and MCD15A3H (derived from the combination of Terra MODIS and Aqua MODIS with a temporal resolution of four days) FPAR/LAI with higher RMSE values (>20 g m?2). The RMSE values (11.42–13.27 g m?2) in the open grazed areas were lower than those (17.46–17.56 g m?2) in fenced areas for MYD15A2H. Therefore, the estimated accuracies of AGB may vary among the four MODIS FPAR/LAI products and land use types in alpine grasslands of the Northern Tibetan Plateau. 相似文献
3.
ABSTRACT In this study, aerosol optical depth (AOD) and fine-mode fraction (FMF) with a 3 km resolution are retrieved from Geostationary Ocean Colour Imager (GOCI) data using a multi-temporal method. The retrieved results are input into a physical model for estimating the fine particulate matter (PM2.5) based on instantaneous satellite-based measurements. The other two input parameters of the model are planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) and atmospheric relative humidity (RH), which are simulated by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and have the same spatial resolution as AOD and FMF. For better time-matching, the time of the simulated PBLH and RH is almost the same as that of the retrieved AOD and FMF, and is selected when uniform mixing of aerosols occurs within boundary layer in the afternoon. Finally, the ground-level dry PM2.5 concentrations at a 3 km resolution are estimated over Beijing. The GOCI-estimated PM2.5 results are validated by in situ measurements in the study area. The means of GOCI-estimated and in situ results are very close (131.2 μg m?3 versus 123.0 μg m?3) and the correlation coefficient is about 0.84 with a linear slope of 0.81 and intercept of 31.1 μg m?3, which shows good performance of GOCI in air-quality monitoring. 相似文献
4.
B. P. Meena Ashok Kumar M. L. Dotaniya N. K. Jat B. Lal 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India. Section B.》2016,86(1):47-53
A field experiment was conducted during 2008–2009 and 2009–2010 to investigate the effect of organic sources of nutrients on tuber bulking rate, grades and specific gravity of potato tubers. The experiment consisted 24 treatment combinations with 8 treatment in popcorn [control, recommended dose of fertilizers (N120P25K35 kg ha?1), farmyard manure equivalent to 120 kg N ha?1, leaf compost equivalent to 120 kg N ha?1, vermicompost equivalent to 120 kg N ha?1, farmyard manure equivalent to 90 kg N ha?1, leaf compost equivalent to 90 kg N ha?1 vermicompost equivalent to 90 kg N ha?1 in succeeding crop of potato, three treatments [control, farmyard manure equivalent to 60 kg N ha?1 and farmyard manure equivalent to 90 kg N ha?1] were superimposed on the different treatments of pop corn. It was found that the application of farmyard manure equivalent to120 kg N ha?1 to pop corn and farmyard manure equivalent in 90 kg N ha?1 in potato gave the highest values of tuber bulking rate, specific gravity, number of large–sized (A–grade) and medium–sized tubers (B–grade) and total tuber yield followed by vermicompost equivalent to to 120 kg N ha?1. Farmyard manure equivalent to 90 kg N ha?1 to potato also recorded the higher bulking rate, tuber yield, specific gravity and a number of large sized tubers (A– grade and B–grade) as compared to the farmyard manure equivalent to 60 kg N ha?1. The available N, P, and K in soil also improved with the application of organic manures. 相似文献
5.
B. N. Ghosh Pradeep Dogra N. K. Sharma N. M. Alam Raman Jeet Singh P. K. Mishra 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India. Section B.》2016,86(3):595-605
Resource conservation issues have drawn the attention of scientists to devise innovative tillage and crop establishment techniques for higher productivity in small holder farming systems in the tropics but relatively less attention has been given in rainfed sloping lands of the Indian sub-Himalayan (sub-temperate) regions. To investigate these issues, an experiment was conducted on resource conservation practices under rainfed conditions for 5 years (June 2007–May 2012) at Dehradun, Uttarakhand in the Indian Himalayan region. Four treatments, 1. 100:60:40 kg N:P2O5:K2O + conventional tillage (CT) + chemical weeding + PANICUM vegetation strip (T1); 2. FYM (5 t ha?1) + minimum tillage (MT) + 1 weed mulch (30 DAS) @ 0.52 t ha?1 + PALMAROSA vegetation strip (T2); 3. FYM (5 t ha?1) + vermi-compost (1.0 t ha?1) + MT + 2 weed mulch (25 and 50 DAS) @ 1.47 t ha?1 + PALMAROSA vegetation strip (T3) and 4. FYM (5 t ha?1) + vermi-compost (1.0 t ha?1) + poultry manure (2.5 t ha?1) + MT + 3 weed mulch (20, 40 and 60 DAS) @ 2.18 t ha?1 + PALMAROSA vegetation strip (T4). The results showed that resource conservation treatments (T4, T3 and T2) had significant (P ≤ 0.05) multiple benefits as compared to traditional agriculture treatments (T1). T1 gives the highest yield of maize whereas T4 gives highest yield of wheat. For the maize–wheat cropping system, mean wheat equivalent yield (WEY) was ~16 % higher in T4 than T1. Mean runoff was ~30 % lesser and mean soil loss was ~34 % lesser in T4 as compared with T1. Similarly, mean soil moisture conservation for rainfed wheat was ~31 % higher in T4 than T1. Mean carbon retention potential increased by ~53 % which subsequently increased mean soil quality index (SQI) by ~25 %. Mean energy productivity increased by ~70 % and mean energy intensiveness decreased by ~56 % in T4 than T1. Treatment T1 (2,560 MJ?1) emerged to be the most energy intensive system as compared to T4 (1,113 MJ Rs.?1). On an average, T4 had 7 % higher net returns than T1 and in terms of net returns per tonne of soil loss, T4 was the best treatment (Rs. 4,907). Therefore, resource conservation system (PALMAROSA as a vegetation strip along with organic amendments, FYM, vermi-compost, poultry manure and weed mulch under minimum tillage) had significant positive impact on yield, resource conservation and energy saving and may be introduced as a substitute of conventional system in the Indian sub-Himalayas and under similar climatic and edaphic conditions. 相似文献
6.
Domestic fuelwood harvesters illegally reduced coarse (≥10-cm diameter) downed woody debris stocks in Tasmanian mature dry eucalypt forests, 27–34 m tall, by 96.9 m3 ha?1 or 22.7 t ha?1. There was no effect of domestic harvesting on quantities of dead trees or live trees. Few dead trees were encountered in natural (unharvested) sites. Domestic harvesters preferentially removed debris <70 cm in diameter, leaving domestically harvested sites with 40% less volume and biomass of downed woody debris than natural sites. Assuming domestic harvesting, at the measured intensity, extends 25 m into forests either side of the state forest road system that passes through the studied forest type, dead wood stocks in that forest type and tenure throughout the state have been reduced by 688?000 m3 or 161?000 t. Domestic harvesting potentially damages biodiversity values, diminishes habitat available for species dependent on fallen logs and reduces forest carbon stocks. Domestic harvesters are advised to obtain licences to collect fuelwood from areas with an appropriate forest practices plan. 相似文献
7.
Hyunki Kim Pablo J. Arnoletti John Christein Martin J. Heslin James A. Posey III Amol Pednekar T. Mark Beasley Desiree E. Morgan 《Abdominal imaging》2014,39(4):744-752
Purpose
To confirm the feasibility of breath-hold DCE-MRI and DWI at 3T to obtain the intra-abdominal quantitative physiologic parameters, K trans, k ep, and ADC, in patients with untreated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas.Methods
Diffusion-weighted single-shot echo-planar imaging (DW-SS-EPI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI were used for 16 patients with newly diagnosed biopsy-proven pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas. K trans, k ep, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of pancreatic tumors, non-tumor adjacent pancreatic parenchyma (NAP), liver metastases, and normal liver tissues were quantitated and statistically compared.Results
Fourteen patients were able to adequately hold their breath for DCE-MRI, and 15 patients for DW-SS-EPI. Four patients had liver metastases within the 6 cm of Z axis coverage centered on the pancreatic primary tumors. K trans values (10?3 min?1) of primary pancreatic tumors, NAP, liver metastases, and normal liver tissues were 7.3 ± 4.2 (mean ± SD), 25.8 ± 14.9, 8.1 ± 5.9, and 45.1 ± 15.6, respectively, k ep values (10?2 min?1) were 3.0 ± 0.9, 7.4 ± 3.1, 5.2 ± 2.0, and 12.1 ± 2.8, respectively, and ADC values (10?3 mm2/s) were 1.3 ± 0.2, 1.6 ± 0.3, 1.1 ± 0.1, and 1.3 ± 0.1, respectively. K trans, k ep, and ADC values of primary pancreatic tumors were significantly lower than those of NAP (p < 0.05), while K trans and k ep values of liver metastases were significantly lower than those of normal liver tissues (p < 0.05).Conclusions
3T breath-hold quantitative physiologic MRI is a feasible technique that can be applied to a majority of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinomas. 相似文献8.
A radiolabeled nonapeptide probe targeting PC‐3 cells and bone metastases of prostate cancer in mice
Liu Lu Yang Zexuan Tong Guansheng Gao Hailin Jiang Jianwei 《CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING》2012,7(2):223-230
Previous investigations showed that interleukin‐11 (IL‐11) and the IL‐11 receptor (IL‐11R) are correlated with regulation of tumor progression and may play significant roles in bone metastases. The nonapeptide structure c(CGRRAGGSC) is a phage‐display‐selected IL‐11 mimic that binds to IL‐11R. The aim of this study was to synthesize radiolabeled c(CGRRAGGSC) and to investigate the possible interaction between this radioactive probe and an IL‐11R‐positive bone metastasis model of PC‐3 prostate cancer. The molecular probe 99mTc–DTPA–c(CGRRAGGSC) was radiolabeled with 99mTc using the diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) chelate. Counterstaining was performed with LSS670, a near‐infrared dye. The binding sites of the molecular probe in PC‐3 cells were observed under a fluorescence microscope. The binding characteristics of the labeled probe were analyzed using radioreceptor analysis. Single photon emission tomography imaging and biodistribution of the probe were investigated using xenografts of PC‐3 cells into tibias of nude mice. The labeled product, 99mTc–DTPA–c(CGRRAGGSC), was obtained with high labeling efficiency, high radiochemical purity and good stability. The molecular probe was combined with the PC‐3 cell membrane and cytoplasm through fluorescence tracing. In the saturation and competitive inhibition experiments performed in vitro, the Kd value was 0.32 ± 0.02 n m and the Bmax value was 754 ± 34 fmol mg?1 pro. The probe exhibited a high tumor uptake in vivo. The radioactive molecular probe 99mTc–DTPA–c(CGRRAGGSC) may be used as a specific molecular imaging agent for detecting IL‐11R overexpression in tumors and bone metastasis, such as prostate cancers. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
9.
To manage planting date based on optimal compatibility to the environmental condition a split plot experiment based Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications was carried out. Four planting dates (November 6th and 21st, December 6th and 21st) in main plots and four genotypes (Hyola401, PP401, RGS003 and Option500) in subplots were studied. According to analysis of variance results, grain yield, yield components and biological yield were significantly affected by planting date, genotypes and interaction effect. The first planting date (November 6th) had maximum grain yield (2611.6 t ha?1) and after it another planting date showed decrease in amount (13.74, 31.36 and 41.97 % respectively). First planting date was superior in physiological index as compared to the other planting dates. Hyola401 hybrid, due to the fact that it had a higher leaf area index (3.51), total dry matter (1248.91 g m?2), crop growth rate (21 g m?2 day?1), net assimilation rate (7 g m?2 day?1), relative growth rate (0.064 g g?1 day?1) and maximum grain yield, was seen to be the most adaptable genotype. Hyola401 hybrid at first planting date germinated in shortest time (5.8 day) had the highest flowering duration (24.0 day) and long days to ripening (154.0 day). Finally according to the results of the present work, sowing of Hyola401 hybrid on 6th November was recommended as suitable planting date. 相似文献
10.
Kunal Seth Naresh Chander Aery 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India. Section B.》2014,84(3):713-719
Greenhouse experiments were carried out to study the effect of boron (B) on certain biochemical constituents considering mung bean, Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek as an experimental crop. B as boric acid (H3BO3) was applied at the concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 μg B g?1 soil. Lower applied doses of B up to 4 μg g?1 resulted in an increase in chlorophyll and carotenoid contents and decrease in stress indicators viz. total phenol content and soluble leaf protein content. Maximum increment in chlorophyll and carotenoid contents was observed at 4 μg g?1 B concentrations, while at this concentration (4 μg g?1) maximum decrease in total phenol content and soluble leaf protein content was observed. Reciprocal relationship between total chlorophyll contents and total phenol content was observed. Adverse effect on selected biochemical constituents beyond 4 μg g?1 B concentrations reflected the importance of efficient and appropriate use of boron in agronomic practices for mung bean. 相似文献
11.
Jennifer G. Whisenant Todd E. Peterson Jacob U. Fluckiger Mohammed Noor Tantawy Gregory D. Ayers Thomas E. Yankeelov 《Molecular imaging and biology》2013,15(1):87-96
Purpose
The objective of this study is to determine the reproducibility of static 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (18F-FDG), 3′-deoxy-3′-[18F]fluorothymidine (18F-FLT), and [18F]-fluoromisonidazole (18F-FMISO) microPET measurements, as well as kinetic parameters returned from analyses of dynamic 18F-FLT and 18F-FMISO data.Procedures
HER2+ xenografts were established in nude mice. Dynamic data were acquired for 60 min, followed by a repeat injection and second scan 6 h later. Reproducibility was assessed for the percent-injected dose per gram (%ID/g) for each radiotracer, and with kinetic parameters (K 1 –k 4 , K i ) for 18F-FLT and 18F-FMISO.Results
The value needed to reflect a change in tumor physiology is given by the 95 % confidence interval (CI), which is ±14, ±5, and ±6 % for 18F-FDG (n?=?12), 18F-FLT (n?=?11), and 18F-FMISO (n?=?11) %ID/g, respectively. V d (=K 1 /k 2), k 3, and K FLT are the most reproducible 18F-FLT (n?=?9) kinetic parameters, with 95 % CIs of ±18, ±10, and ±18 %, respectively. V d and K FMISO are the most reproducible 18F-FMISO kinetic parameters (n?=?7) with 95 % CIs of ±16 and ±14 %, respectively.Conclusions
Percent-injected dose per gram measurements are reproducible and appropriate for detecting treatment-induced changes. Kinetic parameters have larger threshold values, but are potentially sufficiently reproducible to detect treatment response. 相似文献12.
Tian-Yuan Xiong Xi Wang Yi-Jian Li Yan-Biao Liao Zhen-Gang Zhao Xin Wei Yuan-Ning Xu Ming-Xia Zheng Xuan Zhou Yong Peng Jia-Fu Wei Yuan Feng Mao Chen 《The international journal of cardiovascular imaging》2018,34(11):1761-1767
To compare reverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) between patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) and tricuspid aortic valve (TAV). We retrospectively reviewed data of patients with at least two serial echocardiographic follow-ups (1, 3, 6 months and 1 year) post-TAVR. A total of 116 patients were identified. BAV morphology was documented in 67 patients. LV mass index (LVMi) at baseline was not significantly different between the TAV and BAV group (178.0?±?6.9 vs. 166.3?±?6.4 g/m2, P?=?0.14). Reverse LV remodeling was observed in both BAV and TAV patients, but the reduction of LVMi from baseline was significantly more pronounced in TAV patients compared with BAV patients from 6 months post-TAVR (??56.3?±?8.1 vs. ??30.0?±?4.7 g/m2, P?<?0.01 at 6-month follow-up; ??60.6?±?7.6 vs. ??37.9?±?6.2 g/m2, P?=?0.02 at 1-year follow-up). EDV value changes during follow-up were similar between patient with TAV and BAV. There were no significant differences in the proportions of patients with more than mild PVL or new permanent pacemaker between TAV and BAV morphology throughout the follow-up. Patients with bicuspid morphology might experience less pronounced reverse LV remodeling post-TAVR than patients with tricuspid morphology. 相似文献
13.
Colin J. Yi Eunice Yang Shenghan Lai Neville Gai Chia Liu Songtao Liu Stefan L. Zimmerman João A. C. Lima David A. Bluemke 《The international journal of cardiovascular imaging》2014,30(7):1339-1346
To evaluate long-term changes in diffuse myocardial fibrosis using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and T1 mapping. Patients with chronic stable cardiomyopathy and stable clinical status (n = 52) underwent repeat CMR at a 6 month or greater follow up interval and had LGE and left ventricular (LV) T1 mapping CMR. Diffuse myocardial fibrosis (excluding areas of focal myocardial scar) was assessed by post gadolinium myocardial T1 times. Mean baseline age of 52 patients (66 % male) was 35 ± 19 years with a mean interval between CMR examinations of 2.0 ± 0.8 years. CMR parameters, including LV mass and ejection fraction, showed no change at follow-up CMR (p > 0.05). LVT1 times (excluding focal scar) decreased over the study interval (from 468 ± 106 to 434 ± 82 ms, p = 0.049). 38 Patients had no visual LGE?, while 14 were LGE+. For LGE? patients, greater change in LV mass and end systolic volume index were associated with change in T1 time (β = ?2.03 ms/g/m2, p = 0.035 and β = 2.1 ms/mL/m2, p = 0.029, respectively). For LGE+ patients, scar size was stable between CMR1 and CMR2 (10.7 ± 13.8 and 11.5 ± 13.9 g, respectively, p = 0.32). These results suggest that diffuse myocardial fibrosis, as assessed by T1 mapping, progresses over time in patients with chronic stable cardiomyopathy. 相似文献
14.
Basanti Sukla A. K. Patra R. P. Panda 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India. Section B.》2013,83(4):593-602
Seasonal changes of primary production in relation to water temperature, secchi transparency and rainfall were measured from January 2009 to December 2010 by using light-and-dark bottle technique at three different sampling sites along the course of river Birupa between 20°36′57″ north latitude and 86°24′29″ east longitude of Odisha, India. The Gross Primary Production (GPP) and Net Primary Production (NPP) were least during monsoon (August) and attained peak during summer (April) at all stations except GPP during March at station 3. Community Respiration (CR) was minimum from February to April and maximum from October to January among the stations. GPP and NPP were significantly correlated,both temporally and spatially,with water temperature, secchi transparency and rainfall. Annual GPP was maximum at station 2 and minimum at station 3. Annual GPP for both the years was found to be 1.364 gC m?2 day?1 or 497.86 gC m?2 year?1 in river Birupa. This value was compared to some other temperate and tropical rivers. 相似文献
15.
Stéphane Guillouet Delphine Patin Olivier Tirel Jérôme Delamare Fabienne Gourand Jean Bernard Deloye Michel Leporrier Louisa Barré 《Molecular imaging and biology》2014,16(1):28-35
Purpose
An efficient and fully automated radiosynthesis of 2-[18F]fluoro-9-β-d-arabinofuranosyl-adenine (2-[18F]fludarabine, [18F]-5) based on a GE TRACERlab? FX-FN module has been developed.Procedures
A 2-nitro purine derivative 3 was developed as precursor for labeling with fluorine-18. The radiosynthesis of [18F]-5 was performed in two steps in a single reactor with an intermediary purification on Sep-Pak® silica which involved the addition of a three-way valve on the original module. After hydrolysis, [18F]-5 was purified by semi-preparative high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and a quality control was established.Results
The labeling precursor 3 was obtained in 45 % overall yield. Nucleophilic substitution with K18F/K2.2.2 afforded protected 2-[18F]fludarabine ([18F]-4) in 73?±?4 % , radiochemical yield (decay corrected to the end of bombardment (EOB)) and based on the initial [18F]F? activity. An aqueous ammonia/methanol solution was used for the deprotection reaction and gave the desired [18F]-5 in 67?±?3 % yield after 20 min at 70 °C based on HPLC profile.Conclusions
The process afforded pure 2-[18F]fludarabine in 48?±?3 % yield (decay corrected to the EOB) in 85 min, with a specific activity of 310?±?72 GBq/μmol at the end of synthesis (EOS) and a radiochemical purity up to 99 %. 相似文献16.
Varied levels of salinity in irrigation water remained a serious issue to shrink agricultural productivity in Saurashtra region of Gujarat. Groundnut, being a prominent crop in this zone, suffered to quite an extent due to induced salinity. In the present study, the authors have simulated a field condition where four different saline water of ECiw of 0.5, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0 dS m?1 were used for irrigation in groundnut (rainy/kharif)–cluster bean (summer) rotation. Both the crops were assessed by their respective growth and yield traits. A marked decrease was observed in seedling emergence, plant height, root length and pod yield at highest salinity, ECiw 6.0 dS m?1 whereas the same trend was noticed for plant height, dry weight of plant and final plant stand for cluster bean in the next season. However, pod yield of both the crops did not decrease up to ECiw 2.0 dS m?1. The ionic imbalance in different plant parts is another major impact of salinity. Na showed enhanced accumulation in plant parts where groundnut roots accumulated 42.0 and 75.4 % higher than shoots and kernels, respectively at highest ECiw; while other nutrients (N, P, Ca, K) showed a declining effect with increasing salinity. 相似文献
17.
Yukari Kobayashi Juyong B. Kim Kegan J. Moneghetti Yuhei Kobayashi Ran Zhang Daniel A. Brenner Ryan O’Malley Ingela Schnittger Michael Fischbein D. Craig Miller Alan C. Yeung David Liang Francois Haddad William F. Fearon 《The international journal of cardiovascular imaging》2017,33(11):1693-1701
Valvulo-arterial impedance (Zva) has been shown to predict worse outcome in medically managed aortic stenosis (AS) patients. We aimed to investigate the association between Zva and left ventricular (LV) adaptation and to explore the predictive value of Zva for cardiac functional recovery and outcome after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). We prospectively enrolled 128 patients with AS who underwent TAVR. Zva was calculated as: (systolic blood pressure?+?mean transaortic gradient)/stroke volume index). Echocardiographic assessment occurred at baseline, 1-month and 1-year after TAVR. The primary endpoints were to investigate associations between Zva and global longitudinal strain (GLS) at baseline as well as GLS change after TAVR. The secondary was to compare all-cause mortality after TAVR between patients with pre-defined Zva (=5 mmHg m2/ml), stroke volume index (=35 ml/m2), and GLS (=?15%) cutoffs. The mean GLS was reduced (?13.0?±?3.2%). The mean Zva was 5.2?±?1.6 mmHg*m2/ml with 55% of values ≥5.0 mmHg*m2/ml, considered to be abnormally high. Higher Zva correlated with worse GLS (r?=??0.33, p?<?0.001). After TAVR, Zva decreased significantly (5.1?±?1.6 vs. 4.5?±?1.6 mmHg*m2/ml, p?=?0.001). A reduction of Zva at 1-month was associated with GLS improvement at 1-month (r?=??0.31, p?=?0.001) and at 1-year (r?=??0.36 and p?=?0.001). By Kaplan–Meier analysis, patients with higher Zva at baseline had higher mortality (Log-rank p?=?0.046), while stroke volume index and GLS did not differentiate outcome (Log-rank p?=?0.09 and 0.25, respectively). As a conclusion, Zva is correlated with GLS in AS as well as GLS improvement after TAVR. Furthermore, a high baseline Zva may have an additional impact to traditional parameters on predicting worse mortality after TAVR. 相似文献
18.
Summary. This study reports the cloning, characterization and paratope analysis of the plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) neutralizing single‐chain variable fragment 56A7C10 (scFv‐56A7C10). ScFv‐56A7C10‐wt exhibits a similar affinity (KA = 1.01 ± 0.3 × 109 m ?1) and PAI‐1 inhibitory capacity (90 ± 6% PAI‐1 inhibition at a 16‐fold molar excess and IC50 = 44 ± 14 ng mL?1) as MA‐56A7C10 (KA = 1.43 ± 0.4 × 109 m ?1, 90 ± 2% PAI‐1 inhibition at a 16‐fold molar excess and IC50 = 122 ± 26 ng mL?1). Subsequently, alanine scanning of the six complementarity determining regions (CDRs) was performed and the scFv‐56A7C10‐mutants (n = 26) were analyzed for their PAI‐1 binding and PAI‐1 inhibitory properties. Mutation of the residues Y32 and V33 in the CDR1 of the heavy chain (HCDR1) and the residues R98, H99, W100 or F100a (HCDR3) resulted in reduced PAI‐1 inhibitory capacities (IC50 ≥ 418 ng mL?1), confirmed by reduced affinities (14‐, 17‐, 7‐, 9‐ and 16‐fold reduced, respectively, vs. scFv‐56A7C10‐wt). In the light chain, mutation of the residues W50 (LCDR2), H91, Y92, D93, or W96 (LCDR3) resulted in reduced PAI‐1 inhibitory properties (IC50 ≥ 160 ng mL?1) and decreased affinities (i.e. 4‐, 9‐, 3‐, 3‐ and 2‐fold reduced affinity, respectively, vs. scFv‐56A7C10‐wt). Furthermore, an overlapping peptide scan confirmed the importance of the HCDR3 region. These data, combined with a three‐dimensional model of scFv‐56A7C10, reveal the molecular and structural properties of the paratope and contribute to the rational design of PAI‐1 neutralizing compounds. 相似文献
19.
J. D. WELSH T. V. COLACE R. W. MUTHARD T. J. STALKER L. F. BRASS S. L. DIAMOND 《Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis》2012,10(11):2344-2353
Summary. Background: Thrombin undergoes convective and diffusive transport, making it difficult to visualize during thrombosis. We developed the first sensor capable of revealing inner clot thrombin dynamics. Methods and results: An N‐terminal‐azido thrombin‐sensitive fluorescent peptide (ThS‐P) with a thrombin‐releasable quencher was linked to anti‐CD41 using click chemistry to generate a thrombin‐sensitive platelet binding sensor (ThS‐Ab). Rapid thrombin cleavage of ThS‐P (Km = 40.3 μm , kcat = 1.5 s?1) allowed thrombin monitoring by ThS‐P or ThS‐Ab in blood treated with 2–25 pm tissue factor (TF). Individual platelets had > 20‐fold more ThS‐Ab fluorescence after clotting. In a microfluidic assay of whole blood perfusion over collagen ± linked TF (wall shear rate = 100 s?1), ThS‐Ab fluorescence increased between 90 and 450 s for 0.1–1 molecule‐TF μm?2 and co‐localized with platelets near fibrin. Without TF, neither thrombin nor fibrin was detected on the platelet deposits by 450 s. Using a microfluidic device to control the pressure drop across a thrombus forming on a porous collagen/TF plug (521 s?1), thrombin and fibrin were detected at the thrombus–collagen interface at a zero pressure drop, whereas 80% less thrombin was detected at 3200 Pa in concert with fibrin polymerizing within the collagen. With anti‐mouse CD41 ThS‐Ab deployed in a mouse laser injury model, the highest levels of thrombin arose between 40 and 160 s nearest the injury site where fibrin co‐localized and where the thrombus was most mechanically stable. Conclusion: ThS‐Ab reveals thrombin locality, which depends on surface TF, flow and intrathrombus pressure gradients. 相似文献
20.
C. E. Harwood E. K. S. Nambiar P. X. Dinh L. X. Toan L. T. Quang 《Australian forestry.》2013,76(5):286-293
An experiment in a second rotation acacia hybrid (Acacia mangium × A. auriculiformis) clonal plantation in central Vietnam examined factors determining total wood production and its apportionment to sawlog and pulpwood. Growth and stand characteristics were compared with those in nearby plantations owned by small growers. The experimental site was on sloping land damaged and eroded by war and previous land use. The soil was shallow, with 20–30% laterised stones by volume and had lost part of the A horizon. Mean annual increment (MAI, in standing merchantable volume over bark) of the first rotation at age 8.8 years was 17 m3 ha?1 y?1. In the second rotation at age 7.6 years it was 20 m3 ha?1 y?1. Application of P fertiliser at three rates ranging from 14 to 86 kg ha?1 increased stem diameter over the second rotation although stand volume response to P was not significant by rotation end. Potassium (14 kg ha?1) gave no growth response. Growth rate was similar under weed control by herbicide and manual means. MAI increased progressively from 16.5 m3 ha?1 y?1 at the hilltop to 25.0 m3 ha?1 y?1 at the lowest part of the experiment; slope position influenced growth more than management practices. Key soil properties, pH, N, Bray-1 P and organic C were maintained from the first to the second rotation. With simple management practices including conservation of site organic matter and early stand management, appropriate for local small growers, the second rotation yielded 46% of harvested volume as sawlogs and the balance as pulpwood. Although small growers achieved similar growth rates, their current management regime does not yield sawlogs. They can influence the log categories produced and stand value through changes to stocking rate, stand management and rotation age. 相似文献