尿激酶溶栓疗法对脑梗死患者血液流变学的影响

目的探讨尿激酶溶栓疗法治疗急性脑梗死时血液流变学的变化 .方法对 42例急性脑梗死患者进行尿激酶 7日溶栓疗法 ,于溶栓前、溶栓后第 3～ 4d及第 7～ 8d分别检测血液流变学指标 .结果急性脑梗死患者血液流变学指标明显高于正常人 .除HCT外 ,溶栓后第 3～ 4d及第 7～ 8d血液流变学其他指标均明显低于溶栓前 ,两者相比有显著性差异 (p <0 .0 5或p<0 .0 1) .结论尿激酶 7日溶栓疗法能有效地改善急性脑梗死患者血液流变学指标的异常现象 .     

急性心肌梗死重组链激酶早期溶栓的血液流变性研究

目的 :观察急性心肌梗死重组链激酶早期静脉溶栓前后的血液流变性变化。方法 :对 36例患者分别于溶栓开始前、溶栓治疗后 3h采血进行血液流变学检查。结果 :急性心肌梗死患者溶栓前各项血液流变学指标均明显异常。溶栓 3h后各项血液流变指标明显改善 ,尤以纤维蛋白原、血小板聚集率、凝血酶原时间、红细胞刚性指数为著。结论 :重组链激酶能明显改善急性心肌梗死血液流变学各项异常指标 ,对缩小梗死面积 ,恢复心肌灌注 ,减少并发症 ,防止梗死后心绞痛及再梗死的发生 ,改善预后具有十分重要的作用。     

急性心肌梗死血液流变学障碍及尿激酶的溶栓治疗作用

目的观察尿激酶溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死（ＡＭＩ）的疗效及血液流变学中的纤维蛋白原、红细胞压积、血沉的变化、方法 按ＷＨＯ诊断ＡＭＩ的标准选择病例,采用１９９２年全国统一的溶栓方案治疗,同时检测溶栓前后血液流变学中的红细胞压积、纤维蛋白原、血沉等指标,并与溶栓结果对比分析。结果溶栓后ＡＭＩ患者再通车７８．６％;患者的纤维蛋白原、红细胞压积及血沉等明显低于溶栓前,统计学处理差异非常显著,Ｐ＜０．００１。结论ＡＭＩ患者存在血液流变学障碍,尿激酶可以改善血流变学异常,尿激酶溶栓治疗对ＡＭＩ效果肯定。     

血红蛋白值与急性脑梗死的相关性研究

目的:探讨血红蛋白值与急性脑梗死的相关性.方法:观察188例急性脑梗死患者的红细胞计数、血红蛋白值及其相应的血液流变学变化、结果:实验组的红细胞计数、血红蛋白值均显著高于对照组(p<0.01),实验组血液流变学各项指标也显著高于对照组(p<0.01).结论:高血红蛋白值是急性脑梗死的危险因素之一.     

风心病患者围体外循环期及术后血液流变学动态观察

目的 研究风心病患者围体外循环手术前后血液流变学指标的变化。方法 检测在体外循环下进行心脏手术的风心病患者术前、术中30min、以及术后1、3、5、7d的血液流变学指标，并以术前检测指标为对照进行配对t检验，观察血液流变学指标在围体外手术前后的动态变化。结果 血液流变学指标在手术中及术后7d内有不同程度的变化，各项指标基本均在术后第3d变化最为显著，至第7d基本恢复。结论 体外循环手术对患者血液流变性有一定的伤害，这种伤害在术后第3d表现最为显著，至术后第7d基本上恢复。体外循环术中的血液流变学检测有利于了解手术患者的血流动力学情况。     

断指再植患者血液流变性的变化

目的探讨断指再植患者血液流变学变化的特点及规律.方法对42例患者分别于手术前、术后0.5、2、6、24、48、72 h,7、14 d检测血液流变学指标,另外取30名健康成人作为对照组进行对比分析.结果手术前至术后72 h断指患者血液流变学等各项指标均明显高于正常(P＜0.01,P＜0.05),第72 h各项指标基本恢复正常(P＞0.05).结论血液流变学指标检测对防治血管危象的发生,提高断指再植成活率有一定指导意义.     

中药三联治疗对急性脑梗死患者血液流变性的影响

目的:观察中药三联疗法对急性脑梗死患者血液流变性的影响。方法:140例急性脑梗死患者随机分为中药三联治疗组(80例)和西药对照治疗组(60例)。三联治疗组采用中药内服,中药直肠灌注和静脉滴注香丹注射液治疗。对照组用低分子右旋精酐+香丹注射液及胞磷胆碱静滴。于治疗前后抽血检查血流变指标,比较各组治疗前后及两组间治疗前后的差异。结果:治疗21天后,治疗组各项血液流变学指标与治疗前比较均有改善,差异有极显著性统计学意义(P<0.01);对照组仅纤维蛋白原和血浆粘度有显著改善(P<0.05)。治疗后两组各项血液流变学指标均呈下降趋势,治疗组下降程度较对照组更显著,治疗后治疗组全血低切粘度比对照组降低更明显(P<0.05)。结论:中药三联疗法能明显改善急性脑梗死患者的血液流变性。     

氟伐他汀对糖尿病肾病血脂、血液流变学及尿白蛋白的影响

目的探讨氟伐他汀对糖尿病肾病(DN)患者的血脂、血液流变学及尿白蛋白的影响.方法将70例DN病患者随机分成对照组与治疗组,对照组给予常规治疗,治疗组在常规治疗的基础上加用氟伐他汀40mg/d,疗程8周,治疗前后均检查TC、TG、LDL、HDL、尿白蛋白排泄率、血液流变学.结果治疗组在使用氟伐他汀8周后,TC、TG均明显下降(p<0.01),LDL下降(p<0.05),HDL上升(p<0.05),尿白蛋白排泄率明显下降(p<0.01),全血粘度、血浆粘度较明显下降(p<0.05).结论氟伐他汀不但能降低DN患者的血脂水平,部分改善血液流变学指标,而且能减少尿白蛋白的排出,从而延缓DN的进展.     

不同剂量尿激酶静脉溶栓治疗急性心肌梗塞及对血液流变的影响

目的评价不同剂量尿激酶静脉溶栓治疗急性心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ）的疗效和安全性,了解不同剂量尿激酶对血液流变学指标的影响。方法５８例ＡＭＩ病人,随机分为两组：大、中剂量组分别静脉滴注尿激酶（ＵＫ）１００～１２０万Ｕ、２５～４５万Ｕ。用药后根据临床血管再通指标判断冠脉再通率,进行疗效评价并对比观察治疗前后血液流变学指标的变化。结果冠脉再通率;大剂量组６４．３％（１８／２８）;中等剂量组为２０.０％（６／３０）。两组均未发生严重出血症状。溶栓后全血比粘度、血浆比粘度明显下降,而血小板聚集率及红细胞压积（％）没有明显变化。结论大剂量尿激酶可显著改变血液流变学状态,而这种改变将有利于治疗ＡＭＩ。ＡＭＩ早期采用大剂量尿激酶静脉溶栓是安全有效的。     

尿激酶溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死65例临床观察

目的 观察尿激酶溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死的临床疗效.方法 确诊后立即给予尿激酶150万U溶于100mL的生理盐水中,在30min内静脉滴入.溶栓治疗开始前口服阿司匹林300mg,以后150 mg/d,连服2周,再改75 mg/d维持.滴入尿激酶后每隔12h皮下注射低分子肝素5000U一次,2次/d,共3d.结果 65例患者治疗120min内血管再通47例,再通率72.3%.出现心源性休克4例,心力衰竭8例,皮肤粘膜散在出血点及注射部位皮下瘀斑3例,牙龈出血2例,鼻衄1例,无过敏反应和危及生命的大出血,死亡2例.结论 尿激酶溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死疗效果显著,操作方便、价格便宜、值得在基层医院临床推广.     

Improved bronchodilation with levalbuterol compared with racemic albuterol in patients with asthma

Background: Racemic albuterol is an equal mixture of (R)-albuterol (levalbuterol), which is responsible for the bronchodilator effect, and (S)-albuterol, which provides no benefit and may be detrimental. Objective: We sought to compare 2 doses of a single enantiomer, levalbuterol (0.63 mg and 1.25 mg), and equivalent amounts of levalbuterol administered as racemic albuterol with placebo in patients with moderate-to-severe asthma. Methods: This was a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group trial. Three hundred sixty-two patients 12 years of age or older were treated with study drug administered by means of nebulization 3 times daily for 28 days. The primary endpoint was peak change in FEV₁ after 4 weeks. Results: The change in peak FEV₁ response to the first dose in the combined levalbuterol group was significantly greater compared with the combined racemic albuterol group (0.92 and 0.82 L, respectively; P = .03), with similar but nonsignificant results after 4 weeks (0.84 and 0.74 L, respectively). Improvement in FEV₁ was similar for levalbuterol 0.63 mg and racemic albuterol 2.5 mg and greatest for levalbuterol 1.25 mg. Racemic albuterol 1.25 mg demonstrated the weakest bronchodilator effect, particularly after chronic dosing. The greatest increase in FEV₁ was seen after levalbuterol 1.25 mg, especially in subjects with severe asthma. All active treatments were well tolerated, and β-adrenergic side effects after administration of levalbuterol 0.63 mg were reduced relative to levalbuterol 1.25 mg or racemic albuterol 2.5 mg. At week 4, the predose FEV₁ value was greatest in patients who received levalbuterol or placebo when compared with those who received racemic albuterol. The difference was more evident and was statistically significant in patients who were not receiving inhaled corticosteroids. Conclusion: Levalbuterol appears to provide a better therapeutic index than the standard dose of racemic albuterol. These results support the concept that (S)-albuterol may have detrimental effects on pulmonary function. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998;102:943-52.)     

Infectious diseases and immunological markers associated with patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma treated with rituximab

Background: The use of rituximab (RTX) is increasing, even in developing countries. It has become the first-line therapy or adjuvant to chemotherapy (CHOP; cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunorubicin, oncovin and prednisone) for various diseases, including B cell lymphoma and autoimmune diseases.

Aim: We describe the infectious diseases and immunological markers associated with RTX treatment of patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).

Methods: Serum immunoglobulins were determined before and after intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) administration. Pneumo-23IgG-specific anti-pneumococcal antibodies were evaluated before and after vaccination. Immunophenotyping and lymphocyte proliferation were determined in the course of the treatment.

Results: Seven patients were followed and median age was 56.0?±?5.0?years (range, 41.9–71.6?years). At baseline, the mean level of IgG was 333.7?±?40.8?and IgM 40.9?±?11.3?mg/dL, respectively; immunoglobulin A and E (IgA and IgE) were under the limit of detection. Two patients had reduced or absent B cells and T cell subsets were at normal levels in five patients. All patients failed to mount an efficient post-vaccination immune response against hepatitis B virus, tetanus, diphtheria and against the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. During RTX/CHOP treatment, human-IgG-immunoglobulin (IVIg) therapy was introduced in six patients after recurrent infections, including community-acquired pneumonia (85.7%), chronic sinusitis (85.7%) and gastroenteritis (42.9%).

Conclusion: Poor response against pneumococcal vaccines increases the susceptibility of respiratory diseases in these patients. In patients with NHL treated with RTX, the benefits achieved with IVIg replacement for the control of recurrent infectious diseases is of paramount importance. Clinicians dealing with monoclonal antibodies against cancer therapy, especially RTX, should be aware of the increasing risks for symptomatic induced hypogammaglobulinemia and respiratory infections.     

Satellite RNA associated with bamboo mosaic potexvirus shares similarity with satellites associated with sobemoviruses

Summary A putative nonstructural protein encoded by a satellite RNA associated with bamboo mosaic potexvirus shares 46% identity with the capsid protein of satellite virus of panicum mosaic sobemovirus. The sequence similarity among satellite plant viruses which have no apparent relationship implies a common origin.     

拉米夫定与泛昔洛韦联合治疗乙型肝炎病毒慢性感染的临床研究

目的 观察拉米夫定与泛昔洛韦联合治疗乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)慢性感染的临床疗效。方法 慢性乙型肝炎患者90例。设联合治疗组28例，单用拉米夫定组30例，单用泛昔洛韦组32例。联合治疗组给予口服拉米夫定0．1g／d(PO)，泛昔洛韦1．5g／d(PO)，24周。拉米夫定、泛昔洛韦单用组剂量及疗程分别同联合治疗组。结果 3组均无明显副反应，丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)复常率无差异。3组HBV DNA阴转率分别为89．3％、66．7％、40．6％，差异有显著性。乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBeAg)阴转率分别为28．6％、23．3％、21．9％，差异无显著性。结论 拉米夫定与泛昔洛韦联合用药安全、耐受性好，临床显示联合治疗对HBV DNA的抑制作用显著优于单用药。