Mutalomycin, a new polyether antibiotic taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and characterization

Mutalomycin is a new metal-complexing polyether antibiotic produced by a strain of Streptomyces mutabilis NRRL 8088. The metabolite, a monocarboxylic acid, was isolated as the sodium salt C41H69NaO12. The structure of this polyether was established by X-ray analysis of its potassium salt C41H69KO12. Mutalomycin contains six heterocyclic rings and is structurally related to nigericin. The metabolite is active against gram-positive bacteria and Eimeria tenella (chicken coccidiosis).     

Okilactomycin, a novel antibiotic produced by a Streptomyces species. I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and characterization

Okilactomycin, a novel antibiotic, was isolated from the culture filtrate of a strain of actinomycetes. The producing organism, strain YP-02908L, was identified as Streptomyces griseoflavus subsp. zamamiensis subsp. nov. The antibiotic was extracted with ethyl acetate and purified by silica gel column chromatography. It was obtained as colorless prisms from a dichloromethane solution. It exhibited weak antimicrobial activity against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in vivo. The apparent molecular formula of okilactomycin was determined as C24H32O6. It is a new member of the lactone group antibiotics.     

Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors produced by Streptomyces chromofuscus. Discovery, taxonomy and fermentation

Culture A58365.1, NRRL 15098, identified as a new strain of Streptomyces chromofuscus, was found to produce two novel angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, A58365A and A58365B. Fermentation medium studies afforded an increase in ACE inhibitor titers from less than 1 microgram/ml to greater than 20 micrograms/ml. Proline was the obligatory supplement for ACE inhibitor biosynthesis.     

X-14547A, a new ionophorous antibiotic produced by Streptomyces antibioticus NRRL 8167. Discovery, fermentation, biological properties and taxonomy of the producing culture.

X-14547A is a novel antibiotic produced by a new strain of Streptomyces antibioticus (NRRL 8167). The antibiotic is active in vitro against Gram-positive bacteria and is capable of complexing and transporting divalent as well as monovalent metal cations.     

Spenolimycin, a new spectinomycin-type antibiotic. I. Discovery, taxonomy and fermentation

Spenolimycin, a new spectinomycin-type antibiotic, was discovered in the fermentation broth of a new actinomycete named Streptomyces gilvospiralis sp. nov. strain AB634D-177. Although a small amount of spectinomycin is coproduced by strain AB634D-177, the culture is different from other known spectinomycin-producing actinomycetes. Spenolimycin was obtained by conventional submerged culture in 14-liter fermentors with a peak antibiotic titer of 140 micrograms/ml.     

Sapurimycin, new antitumor antibiotic produced by Streptomyces. Producing organism, fermentation, isolation and biological properties

In screening actinomycetes for antitumor compounds, Streptomyces sp. DO-116 was found to produce a new antitumor antibiotic sapurimycin. It is structurally related to, but distinct from, kapurimycins. The antibiotic was produced in a fermentation medium supplemented with high porous polymer resin which adsorbs antibiotic in the culture and results in an increase of titer. Active material was separated from the polymer resin by a solvent extraction procedure and isolated by repeated solvent extraction, adsorption chromatography and HPLC. Sapurimycin was active against bacteria, particularly Gram-positive organisms. It exhibited antitumor activity against leukemia P388 and sarcoma 180 in mice. Sapurimycin caused single strand breaks in supercoiled plasmid DNA in vitro. These results are discussed in comparison with data for kapurimycins.     

Tetrazomine, a new antibiotic produced by an actinomycete strain. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and characterization

A new antibacterial antibiotic tetrazomine was found from the fermentation broth of an actinomycete strain which was isolated from beach sand collected at Chichijima, Ogasawara Islands, Tokyo, Japan. The strain Y-09194L, was identified as Saccharothrix mutabilis subsp. chichijimaensis subsp. nov. The antibiotic exhibited broad antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in vitro. It also exhibited strong cytotoxic activity against P388 leukemia cells and showed antitumor activity against P388 leukemia. The apparent molecular formula of tetrazomine was determined as C24H34N4O5. It has a rare structure which consists of six rings including piperidine, piperadine, oxazole, and pyrrolidine.     

A47934, a novel glycopeptide-aglycone antibiotic produced by a strain of Streptomyces toyocaensis taxonomy and fermentation studies

A47934, a novel glycopeptide-aglycone antibiotic, is produced by a strain of Streptomyces toyocaensis, NRRL 15009. A47934 is unique among reported glycopeptides in that it contains a sulfate ester. Like several other glycopeptides, the majority of the A47934 produced remained associated with the producing biomass, from which it could be released into aqueous media by alkalization. Antibiotic biosynthesis was depressed when initial levels of phosphate phosphorus in the medium exceeded the normal level of 35 micrograms/ml. Enrichment of the fermentation medium with tyrosine depressed A47934 yields while enrichment with p-hydroxyphenylglycine or p-hydroxyphenylglyoxylic acid stimulated antibiotic biosynthesis.     

16-Deethylindanomycin (A83094A), a novel pyrrole-ether antibiotic produced by a strain of Streptomyces setonii. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and characterization

16-Deethylindanomycin (A83094A) is a novel pyrrole-ether antibiotic produced by a strain of Streptomyces setonii. The antibiotic, which is structurally similar to indanomycin (X-14547A), is active in vitro against Gram-positive bacteria as well as coccidia.     

Studies on a new antibiotic FR-900336 taxonomy, isolation and characterization

A new lipophilic antibiotic, FR-900336 was isolated from a culture of Streptomyces sioyaensis subsp. tanegashimaensis . FR-900336 is light yellow and has a molecular formula C30H30NO13C1 . The characterization by IR, UV, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra makes a quinone structure very probable. FR-900336 is active against Gram-positive bacteria and fungi.     

SQ 30,957, a new antibiotic produced by Penicillium funiculosum. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation, structure determination, synthesis and antibacterial activity

A new antibiotic, SQ 30,957, 4-diazo-3-methoxy-2,5-cyclohexadien-1-one, has been isolated from fermentation broths of Penicillium funiculosum. The structure (1) was deduced from its spectroscopic properties and its degradation reaction. SQ 30,957 has excellent activity against anaerobic bacteria such as Clostridium and Bacteroides and has moderate activity against aerobic bacteria. The compound has an LD50 of less than 17 mg/kg in mice by intraperitoneal administration.     

A54145, a new lipopeptide antibiotic complex: discovery, taxonomy, fermentation and HPLC

A54145 is a complex of new lipopeptide antibiotics that inhibits Gram-positive bacteria and acts as a growth promotant for broiler chicks. Eight factors; A, B, C, D, E, F, A1 and B1; have been isolated and characterized. They contain four similar peptide nuclei, each of which is acylated with either an 2-decanoyl, n-decanoyl, or undecanoyl side chain. Taxonomic studies ascertained that the producing microorganism was a strain of Streptomyces fradiae. Fermentation studies determined that superior antibiotic yields were obtained in stirred bioreactors in a soybean flour-molasses medium employing a continuous glucose feed. These findings, interwoven with the selection of hyper-productive mutants, increased fermentation yields from less than 50 micrograms/ml to more than 1 mg/ml. An analytical HPLC system was developed for the identification and subsequent quantitation of each factor of the A54145 complex.     

Sporeamicin A, a new macrolide antibiotic. I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and characterization.

Sporeamicin A, a novel antibiotic, was isolated from the culture filtrate of an actinomycete. The producing organism, strain L53-18, was taxonomically assigned as a species of the genus Saccaropolyspora. The antibiotic was extracted with chloroform and was then purified by crystallization. It was obtained as colorless prisms from ethanolic solutions. Sporeamicin A exhibited a strong UV absorption peak at 276 nm. The molecular formula of sporeamicin A was determined to be C37H63NO12.     

A54145, a new lipopeptide antibiotic complex: isolation and characterization

A54145 is a complex of acidic lipopeptide antibiotics which are produced by Streptomyces fradiae and are active against Gram-positive bacteria. The A54145 complex was isolated by adsorption on Diaion HP-20 nonfunctionalized macroreticular resin and/or ion exchange on Amberlite IRA-68 anion exchange resin. Antibacterial factors A, A1, B, B1, C, D, E, and F were obtained in purified form by repeated preparative reverse phase HPLC on C8 and/or C18 bonded-phase supports. The molecular formulae of the factors are C72H109N17O27 (factors A and A1), C73H111N17O27 (factors B, B1, C, and D), C74H113N17O27 (factor E), and C71H107N17O27 (factor F). The identities of the acyl side chains were established as 8-methylnonanoyl (factors F, A, and B1), n-decanoyl (factors A1 and B), and 8-methyldecanoyl (factors C, D, and E).     

Lustromycin, a new antibiotic produced by Streptomyces sp

A new antibiotic, lustromycin, was isolated from the cultured broth of Streptomyces sp. SK-1071. It exhibits selective antibacterial activity against anaerobic bacteria including Clostridium sp. The molecular formula C32H38O13 as determined by high resolution mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis and the NMR spectrum suggest structural resemblance of this antibiotic to luminamicin, an anti-anaerobic antibiotic reported previously.     

Pyrroxamycin, a new antibiotic taxonomy, fermentation, isolation, structure determination and biological properties

A strain of streptomycete was found to produce a new antibiotic pyrroxamycin. This compound was isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces sp. S46506. The chemical structure was determined to be 4,5-dichloro-2-(6',8'-dichloro-4'H-1',3'-benzodioxin-4'-yl)-3-nitr opyrrole by its chemical character and 1H and 13C NMR spectral analysis. Pyrroxamycin was active against Gram-positive bacteria and dermatophytes.