实用X线胶片计数器的研制

本文介绍了实用Ｘ光胶片计数器用于放射科自动统计每天的各种胶片的摄片数。文章介绍了该计数器的功能、性能及其电路原理。     

脉膊计数器的研制

脉膊计数器的研制广东医学院物理教研室陈英华广东医学院生理教研室曾广华一、引言病人监护仪是现代医院必不可少的一种重要医疗仪器，它的使用不仅能使医务人员及早地发现隐患，防患于未然，降低危重病人的猝死率，而且能减轻医务人员的劳动强度。目前，各医院使用的监护...     

抗干扰手持式输液液滴计数器的研制与开发

目的：解决医院医护人员在为患者静脉输液治疗时输液速度快慢难于掌握的问题。方法：通过液滴采样模块获得液滴脉冲信号，将获得的脉冲信号进行放大、整形并排除每个液滴上下界面产生的错误信号．输出标准的可触发信号．再经单片机处理电路，获得实时的分钟液滴速度和平均分钟液滴速度。结果：抗干扰手持式输液液滴计数器能够以显示屏显示实时分钟液滴数和平均分钟液滴数。结论：抗干扰手持式输液液滴计数器结构简单，使用方便．已投入临床使用。     

实用紫外线消毒灯强度测试仪的研制

科室使用的紫外线消毒车和悬挂的紫外线消毒灯,根据消毒常规要求,每季度都要进行紫外线强度的检查。而检查的方法是在紫外线灯点亮工作5 min之后,将紫外线强度指示卡放置垂直灯管距离1 m处,然后被紫外线灯照射1 min,观察其颜色改变定性判断紫外线灯的强度值是否合格。这其中存在两个问题:(1)指示卡如何放置在垂直距离紫外线灯管的1 m处。     

实用放疗整体挡铅验证系统的研制

目的:制作实用整体挡铅验证系统并应用于放射治疗中。方法:根据临床实践,依据电子直线加速器源托距和源轴距相对固定的原理,合理设计制作实用整体挡铅验证系统。结果:有效地提高了放疗整体挡铅验证质量和效率。结论:可通过实用整体挡铅验证系统来确定低熔点铅挡块在影子板的相对位置及验证三维适形放疗或普放泡沫档铅模型精度,也可通过铅档验证仪来确定影子盘的中心点或中心十字线。     

CT图像非胶片化储存的初步实践

目前 ,医学影像图像储存无胶片化越来越为人们所重视 ,从长远来看 ,这也是未来医学影像发展的一大趋势。就当前来讲 ,除了利用ＰＡＣＳ以外 ,别的方法不太多 ,而ＰＡＣＳ费用昂贵 ,对一些资金短缺的医院来说仍不现实。有没有比较简便、经济的方法呢 ?我们在这方面做了初步的探讨。1.硬件配置　　西门子ＳｏｍａｔｏｍＰｌｕｓ4ＥｘｐｅｒｔＣＴ机 ,ＨＰＶｅｃｔｒａＶＥ微型计算机 (ＰⅢ 4 50 ,12 8Ｍ内存 ,4ＧＳＣＳＩＳｅａｇａｔｅ硬盘 ,ＭａｔｒｏｘＭＧＡ -Ｇ2 0 0显卡 ,8Ｍ显存 ,3Ｃｏｍ网卡 ,ＨＰＣＤ—ＷｒｉｔｅｒＰｌｕｓ 82 0 0…     

手术室信息管理系统的研制

手术室信息管理系统的研制邱明辉，赵燕作为一个拥有上千张床位的大型综合性医院，年平均手术量近万例，手术室产生涉及病人手术、手术消耗品和器械以及医护人员工作数量和质量等方面的大量信息。这些与手术有关的信息如果能用计算机来管理，可减轻手术室和统计部门的工作...     

实验室信息管理系统的研制

随着实验室计量认证、国家实验室认可工作和中国加入WTO后经贸活动的开展,对实验室的整体管理水平提出了更高的要求.     

面神经刺激器的研制

为提高面神经电图（ENOG）的可靠性,用8031单片机研制一种可编程高精度面神经刺激器,其输出为六连串的刺激脉冲,脉冲幅度、频率和脉宽由键盘输入。     

紫外线擦抹器的研制

EPROM是计算机实观记忆功能的主要部件之一,由于该存贮芯片具有可擦可写两种功能,因而,深受用户欢迎。存贮器“可写”操作利用一般设备即可实观,但若将EPROM的内容进行擦除,以便实现重写,则需要一些特殊的条件。我们利用手头元件     

便携式洗片机的研制

介绍一种便携式洗片机,该机设计了折叠式遮光罩、不需暗室可在明室条件下冲洗胶片,采用整体式输片架设计,便于使用操作和维护,采用同步电机驱动,运转平稳。     

实用型电子扫描全自动血型鉴定仪的研制

目的:研制一种适合二级或二级以上的医院及献血中心、血站等单位且能方便、快速、准确的判断血型的实用型全自动血型鉴定仪.方法:主要采用电子扫描(SCA)放大图像比对系统的技术,将所需试剂和标本放到指定位置,用特制凹型平底三孔玻片自动推至于载体板上,微量样品经稀释可通过振荡1 min准确与试剂发生反应,并观察其是否产生凝集现象;通过扫描系统检测,经过软件处理自动得到结果.结果:研制实用型全自动血型鉴定仪能快速、准确地鉴定血型,可达到120份/h左右,自动判断错误报警、提示错误操作.结论:研制的实用型全自动血型鉴定仪操作简便,设计合理,且快捷灵活,适应性强.     

Development and validation of a prediction model with missing predictor data: a practical approach

ObjectiveTo illustrate the sequence of steps needed to develop and validate a clinical prediction model, when missing predictor values have been multiply imputed.Study Design and SettingWe used data from consecutive primary care patients suspected of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) to develop and validate a diagnostic model for the presence of DVT. Missing values were imputed 10 times with the MICE conditional imputation method. After the selection of predictors and transformations for continuous predictors according to three different methods, we estimated regression coefficients and performance measures.ResultsThe three methods to select predictors and transformations of continuous predictors showed similar results. Rubin's rules could easily be applied to estimate regression coefficients and performance measures, once predictors and transformations were selected.ConclusionWe provide a practical approach for model development and validation with multiply imputed data.     

Internal calibration for a total body counter

Whole body counting is used to monitor the ingestion of radioactivity by radiation workers when unsealed sources are used in biomedical or industrial applications. The whole body counter at Lucas Heights Research Laboratories has been running for four decades, and radiation workers are frequently monitored for radioactive contamination. In a retrospective study of total body potassium (TBK) values in radiation workers, it was found that the results varied markedly with time. In that TBK is a slowly varying quantity in healthy individuals, variation in TBK is therefore indicative of instability in the counting system. We conclude that TBK can be used as an internal calibration for the whole body counter. The activity of radioisotope contaminants can therefore be expressed relative to the value of the potassium activity in a given subject.     

Performance characteristics of a commercial dedicated contamination counter

The dedicated wipe test counter (DWTC) is a commercial geiger-counter type instrument especially designed for wipe test counting. All samples are counted under the same physical conditions within 0.3 cm from a 2-mg cm-2 mica end-window geiger tube of 1.27 cm in diameter. The counting capabilities of the DWTC were tested for different radioisotopes in common use in the nuclear medicine laboratory. Since most of the imaging agents are 99mTc-based radiopharmaceuticals, an experimental efficiency factor, J = 3 cpm kdpm-1, was determined for this radioisotope by the manufacturer and stored in the counting system for default use. In addition, the formulation for the counting time needed to achieve a measurement with adequate level of significance (two standard deviations) and a background measurement time of 20 min was programmed in the firmware of the DWTC. With these parameters, the counting time for a 99mTc wipe (threshold of 2000 dpm) becomes 1.88 min for a background level of 10 cpm. The counting time increases to 3.25 and 4.80 min for the respective background levels of 20 and 30 cpm while the threshold is kept the same. In practice, we were able to measure activities as low as 0.7 kdpm for 99mTc and 0.09 kdpm for 131I. Linearity was maintained for a wide range of activities for all tested radioisotopes. The DWTC was found to be simple to operate and satisfies all requirements for performing wipe tests in the nuclear medicine laboratory.     

血球计数器的质量控制方法研究

本文作者对临床检验必备的医用电子仪器──血球计数器的质量控制方法进行了探索、研究，提出了对该仪器的质量控制应从两个方面进行，即用工程技术手段进行必要的电路参数的测量与校正，以及用标测物定期对仪器进行监测。最后并用图表显示了血球计数器质控中的微机管理。